新教材高中英语课时练习十五Unit5Developingideas课件外研选择性必修第二册

十五Unit5

Developingideas【语用训练】Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.TheNorman________(invade)stoppeditsdevelopment.2.Letustakeyoudeepintotheocean,anddiscover__________(mystery)wildlife.3.Inmyopinion,Iagreetoclonethe___________(endanger)animalbutdisagreewithcloninghuman.4.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if_______(carry)outregularly,canimproveourhealth.5.___________(addition),hisownlifesituationinfluencedhispoetrygreatly.invasionmysteriousendangeredcarriedAdditionallyWhatthatreliableasOnbehalfofthankstoabsorbedinrelyonareregardedasInreturnresultedindueto10.NewspaperWebsitescan___________(和……并存)thenewspapersandcanbringinhealthyprofitmargins.

co-existwith【主题阅读】Ⅰ.阅读理解(2021·北京高二检测)

TheAfricanelephant,thelargestlandanimalremainingonearth,isofgreatimportancetotheAfricanecosystem.Unlikeotheranimals,theAfricanelephantistoagreatextentthebuilderofitsenvironment.Asabigplant-eater,itlargelyshapestheforestandsavanna(稀树草原)surroundingsinwhichitlives,thereforesettingthetermsofexistenceofmillionsofotheranimalsthatliveinitshabitat.

Itistheelephant’sgreatdesireforfoodthatmakesitachangeroftheenvironmentandanimportantbuilderofitshabitat.Initscontinuoussearchforthe300poundsofplantsitmusthaveeveryday,itkillssmalltreesandundergrowth,andpullsbranchesoffbigtrees.ThisresultsinnumerousopenspacesbothindeeptropicalforestsandinthewoodlandsthatcoverpartoftheAfricansavannas.Intheseopenspacesarenumerousplantsinvariousstagesofgrowththatattractavarietyofotherplant-eaters.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.DisappearanceofAfricanelephants.B.ForestsandsavannasashabitatsforAfricanelephants.C.TheeffectofAfricanelephantsontheecosystem.D.TheeatinghabitofAfricanelephants.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容,尤其第一段的TheAfricanelephant,thelargestlandanimalremainingonearth,isofgreatimportancetotheAfricanecosystem.可知,文章主要讲述了非洲象对非洲生态系统的影响。故选C项。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“settingtheterms”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Fixingthetime.B.Worseningthestate.C.Improvingthequality.D.Decidingtheconditions.【解析】选D。短语猜测题。根据画线短语所在句子Asabigplant-eater,itlargelyshapestheforestandsavannasurroundingsinwhichitlives,thereforesettingthetermsofexistenceofmillionsofotheranimalsthatliveinitshabitat.可知,作为大型食草动物,它在很大程度上塑造了它赖以生存的森林和稀树草原的环境,因此决定其他许多生活在它栖息地中的动物的生存环境。根据前后的因果关系可推测画线部分的意思是“决定”。故选D项。3.Whatcanweknowabouttheopenspacesinthepassage?A.Theyresultfromthedestructionofrainforests.B.Theyarecoveredbyfewspeciesofplants.C.Theyarehometomanyendangeredanimals.D.Theyareattractivetoplant-eatinganimalsofdifferentkinds.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中Intheseopenspacesarenumerousplantsinvariousstagesofgrowththatattractavarietyofotherplant-eaters.可知,在这些开阔的空间中有许多处于不同生长阶段的植物,它们吸引着各种其他的食草动物。故选D项。4.Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby______.

A.showingtheeffectandthenexplainingthecausesB.pointingoutsimilaritiesanddifferencesC.describingthechangesinspaceorderD.givingexamplestoexplainthereasons【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段的TheAfricanelephant,thelargestlandanimalremainingonearth,isofgreatimportancetotheAfricanecosystem.第二段的Itistheelephant’sgreatdesireforfoodthatmakesitachangeroftheenvironmentandanimportantbuilderofitshabitat.和第三段的Bypullingdowntreesandeatingplants,elephantsmakeopenspaces,allowingnewplantstogrowontheforestfloor.可知,本文采用的写作方法是先说明影响,然后解释了具体的原因。故选A项。Hereareafewtipsformakingsureyournewculturedoesn’toverpowertheold.Educatepeopleaboutyourculture.Justbecauseyou’retheoneenteringthenewculturedoesn’tmeanyoushouldbetheonedoingallthelearning.Taketheopportunitytoteachclassmatesandnewfriendsaboutyourculture;theymayknowlittleaboutit.

3

Invitethemoverfortraditionaldishesfromyourculture.

A.It’simportanttobeyourself.B.Keeppicturesaroundtoremindyouofhome.C.Butthegoodnewsisthatcultureshockistemporary.D.Itwillalsohelpthemtolearnmoreaboutyouintheprocess.E.Whenyoumovetoanewplace,you’reboundtofacealotofchanges.F.Makingfriendswhoaren’tnewtotheculturemayhelpyouunderstandtheculturebetter.G.Butdon’tfeellikeyouneedtochangeeverythingaboutyourselfsoyoucanstandoutless.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。给出了一些应对文化冲击的建议,来确保你接受的新文化不会压倒你的旧文化。1.【解析】选E。上句提到“当一个人离开一个熟悉的文化环境去一个新的、不同的文化环境中生活时,可能会产生一种困惑和紧张的感觉”。E项:当你搬到一个新地方,你一定会面临很多变化。承接上句,继续介绍去新地方后的情况。E项中的Whenyoumovetoanewplace和上句中的toliveinanewanddifferentculture.意思一致,下句的That指代选项中的facealotofchanges,故选E。2.【解析】选G。上句提到“每个人都会在某个时候感受到融入新社区的压力”。下句提到所有在你来到新家之前的经历都是你的一部分,是这些让你变得特别。针对上句人们为了减少压力适应新环境往往会做出改变,而下句说明了保持原样不需要改变,前后意思转折,空处应该是过渡句。G项:但不要觉得你需要改变自己的一切,这样你就不会那么突出。承上启下,故选G。3.【解析】选D。本段建议让人们了解你的文化。下文介绍了让人们了解你的文化的必要性和具体做法,上句Taketheopportunitytoteachclassmatesandnewfriendsaboutyourculture.建议利用这个机会向同学和新朋友介绍你的文化。D项:这也会帮助他们在这个过程中更多地了解你。承接上句,说明了向同学和新朋友介绍你的文化的作用,其中的them指代上句的classmatesandnewfriends,故选D。4.【解析】选B。本段建议找一个支持小组。段中建议和家人朋友保持联系。B项:在身边放一些照片,让你想起自己的家。其中pictures对应上句的otherthings—likeyourfavoritespottohangout,故选B。5【解析】选A。本段要求概括小标题,段中建议不要强迫自己改变得太快,或者一次改变太多。坚持对你重要的东西,找到新旧事物的良好结合。A项:做你自己很重要。概括了本段内容,其中的tobeyourself与本段中的youholdontowhat’simportanttoyou意思一致,故选A。Ⅲ.语法填空

(2021·合肥高二检测)

PresidentXiJinping1.________(sign)apresidentialorderonTuesdaytoawardfourpeoplenationalmedalsandhonorarytitlesfortheiroutstandingcontributions2.________fightingtheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病).ZhongNanshan,3.________excellentdiseaseexpert,wasawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic,thehighestnationalhonor,forhisoutstandingworkinfightingCOVID-19inChina.Threeotherswerealsoawardedthe“People’sHero”nationalhonorarytitleforhelpingfightagainst2019-nCoV(新冠病毒).TheyareZhangBoli,a4.________(tradition)Chinesemedicineexpert;ZhangDingyu,headofWuhan’sJinyintanHospital;andChenWei,amedicalscientist5.________mademajorachievementsinCOVID-19-relatedbasicresearch.

Zhongalsohaslongbeendevotedtotheresearch,preventionand6.________(treat)ofmajorinfectiousandchronicrespiratorydiseases(慢性呼吸道疾病),andhasalongrecordof7.________(achievement).Hewasamajorfigureinthefightagainstthesevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(急性呼吸系统综合症)outbreakin2003inChina.FollowingtheCOVID-19outbreak,theChinesegovernmentencouragedthecountry8.________(contain)thediseaseinWuhan,Hubeiprovince,afterthecitywaslockeddowninlateJanuary.Morethan42,000medicalworkersfromacrossthecountry9.________(send)toHubeitofightthedisease.Thepandemichasbeen10.________(effective)placedundercontrolontheChinesemainlandsinceearlyMarch.

【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述获得共和国勋章的钟南山院士在抗击新冠肺炎中的贡献和中国的抗疫工作。1.【解析】signed。考查动词时态。句意:周二,国家主席习近平签署了主席令,为四名在抗击新冠肺炎中做出突出贡献的人授予国家勋章和荣誉称号。根据时间状语onTuesday和后文wasawarded可知,空处谓语动词需用一般过去时,表示过去发生的事情;sign的过去式为signed。故填signed。2.【解析】to。考查介词。句意:周二,国家主席习近平签署了主席令,为四名在抗击新冠肺炎中做出突出贡献的人授予国家勋章和荣誉称号。contributionsto“对……的贡献”,是固定搭配,故填to。3.【解析】an。考查冠词。句意:钟南山,一位优秀的疾病专家,以其在中国抗击新冠肺炎中的杰出工作而被授予共和国勋章,国家的最高荣誉。expert是可数名词,此处泛指“一位优秀的疾病专家”,应使用不定冠词,且excellent发音是以元音音素开头,故填an。4.【解析】traditional。考查形容词。句意:他们是张伯礼,一位传统中医专家;张定宇,湖北金银潭医院院长;还有陈薇,一位医疗科学家,她在新冠肺炎相关的基础研究中取得重大成就。此处应填一个形容词作定语,修饰名词expert;tradition的形容词traditional“传统的”,符合题意。故填traditional。5.【解析】who/that。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是scientist,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,可使用关系代词who或that引导定语从句,故填who/that。6.【解析】treatment。考查名词。句意:钟南山也长期致力于主要传染病和慢性呼吸道疾病的研究、防治和治疗中,并且取得了很多成就。此处和“research,prevention”并列作介词to的宾语,应使用名词形式,treatment意为“治疗”,是不可数名词,故填treatment。7.【解析】achievements。考查名词复数。此处使用名词作介词of的宾语,achievement意为“成就”,用作可数名词,根据alongrecordof可知此处应使用复数形式,故填achievements。8.【解析】tocontain。考查非谓语动词。句意:新冠肺炎爆发之后,中国政府鼓励全国控制武汉的疫情。encouragesb./sth.todosth.意为“鼓励某人/某物做某事”,是固定搭配,此处动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填tocontain。9.【解析】weresent。考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:超过42000位来自全国的医疗工作者被派往湖北与疾病作斗争。此处是讲述过去的事情,且动词send和主语Morethan42,000medicalworkers之间是被动关系,所以使用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是名词复数,故填weresent。10.【解析】effectively。考查副词。句意:3月初以来,中国大陆的疫情得到有效控制。此处修饰动词placed,应使用副词形式,effective的副词为effectively意为“有效地”。故填effectively。【补偿训练】

阅读理解(2021·北京高二检测)

Naturehasprovideduswithmanykindsofresources.Itislikeagreatmagician(魔术师),creatingwondersonearth.OneofthemistheAmazonrainforest,theworld’slargestandhometomillionsofplantsandanimals.Nicknamed“thelungsofourplanet”,itproducesaboutone-fifthofearth’soxygen.However,thiswonderfulnaturalwonderisnowindanger.ThousandsoffireshavebrokenoutinBrazil,endangeringmuchoftherainforest.Theseflameshavelastedseveralweeksandarebelievedtobethe“mostintense”inalmosttenyears,accordingtoBBCNews.“It’sthebesttimetoburnbecausetheplantsaredry.Farmerswaitforthedryseasonandtheystartburningandclearingtheareassothattheircattlecanhavegrass,”wroteCNNmeteorologistHaleyBrink.Thedisasterhasraisedconcern(关注)aroundtheworld.TheAmazonrainforestisimportantforpreventingclimatechange,saidtheBBC,absorbingmillionsoftonsofcarbonannually.Whentreesarecutdownorburned,therainforest’sabilitytoabsorbcarbonisreduced.BrazilianclimateexpertCarlosNobretoldReutershe’sworried.Ifmorethan20percentoftheecosystemisdestroyed,theAmazonrainforestcouldreacha“tippingpoint(临界点)”,wherethethickjunglewillturnintoatropicalsavannah.Nobrewarnedthatitisnotfaroff,withbetween15and17percentoftherainforesthavingalreadybeendestroyed.【文章大意】亚马逊雨林是大自然这个魔术师在地球上创造的奇迹,但由于雷电引发的大火,农户为了开拓种植土地而放的火,使雨林遭受破坏,濒临毁灭。巴西政府和许多人已经开始为修复雨林做一些工作。2.WhatisthemaincauseofforestfiresintheAmazonrainforestthisyear?A.Lightning. B.Hotweather.C.Agriculturalactivities. D.Garbageleftbytourists.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中的However,mostofthefiresthisyeararebelievedtobecausedbyfarmers,whousefireasatraditionalpartoftropicalagriculturetocleanland,reportedCNN.(然而,据美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)报道,今年大部分的火灾都是由农民引起的