中国国家机关名称详解

高级口译词汇参考中国国家机关名称中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名其他相关词汇注：仅供同学们作参考用；内容来自于网络资源。全国人民代表大会National

People’s

Congress(NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing

Committee办公厅General

Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials

Committee提案审查委员会Motions

Examination

Committee民族委员会Ethnic

Affairs

Committee法律委员会Law

Committee财务经济委员会Finance

and

Economy

Committee外事委员会Foreign

Affairs

Committee教育，科学，文化委员会Education,Science,Culture

andPublic

Health

Committee内务司法委员会Committee

for

Internal

and

Judicial

Affair华侨委员会Overseas

Chinese

Affairs

Committee中国国家机关名称法制委员会Commission

of

Legislative

Affairs特定问题委员会Committee

of

Inquiry

into

Special

Questions宪法修改委员会Committee

for

Revision

of

the

Constitution

中华人民共和国主席President

of

the

People’s

Republic

ofChina中央军事委员会Central

Military

Commission最高人民法院Supreme

People’s

Court最高人民检察院Supreme

People’s

Procuratorate国务院State

Council国务院部委Ministries

and

Commissions

Directly

under

theState

Council外交部Ministry

of

Foreign

Affairs国防部Ministry

of

National

Defense国家发展计划委员State

Development

Planning

Commission国家经济贸易委员会State

Economic

and

Trade

Commission教育部Ministry

of

Education科学技术部Ministry

of

Science

and

Technology国家科学技术工业委员会Commission

of

Science,Technology

andIndustry

for

National

Defense国家民族事务委员会State

Ethnic

Affairs

Commission公安部Ministry

of

Public

Security国家安全部Ministry

of

State

Security监察部Ministry

of

Supervision民政部Ministry

of

Civil

Affairs司法部Ministry

of

Justice财政部Ministry

of

Finance人事部Ministry

of

Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry

of

Labor

and

Social

Security国土资源部Ministry

of

Land

and

Resources建设部Ministry

of

Construction铁路部Ministry

of

Railways交通部Ministry

of

Communications信息产业部Ministry

of

Information

Industry水利部Ministry

of

Water

Resources对外贸易经济合作部Ministry

of

Foreign

Trade

and

EconomicCooperation文化部Ministry

of

Culture卫生部Ministry

of

Public

Health国家计划生育委员会State

Family

Planning

Commission中国人民银行People’s

Bank

of

China国家审计署State

Auditing

Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices

under

that

State

Council国务院办公厅General

Office

of

the

State

Council

侨务办公厅Office

of

Overseas

Chinese

Affairs港澳办公厅Hong

Kong

and

Macao

Affairs

Office台湾办公厅Taiwan

Affairs

Office法制办公厅Office

of

Legislative

Affairs经济体制办公厅Office

for

Economic

Restructuring国务院研究室Research

Office

of

the

State

Council新闻办公室Information

Office(3)国务院直属机构Departments

Directly

under

the

State

Council海关总署General

Administration

of

Customs国家税务总局State

Taxation

Administration国家环境保护总局State

Environmental

Protection

Administration中国民用航空总局Civil

Aviation

Administration

of

China

(CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State

Administration

of

Radio,Film

and

Television国家体育总局State

Physical

Cultural

Administration国家统计局State

Statistics

Bureau国家工商行政管理局State

Administration

of

Industry

and

Commerce新闻出版署Press

and

Publication

Administration国家版权局State

Copyright

Bureau国家林业局State

Forestry

Bureau国家质量技术监督局State

Bureau

of

Quality

and

Technical

Supervision国家药品监督管理局State

Drug

Administration

(SDA)国家知识产权局State

Intellectual

Property

Office

(SIPO)国家旅游局National

Tourism

Administration国家宗教事务局State

Bureau

of

Religious

Affairs国务院参事室Counsellors’Office

of

the

State

Council国务院机关事务管理局Government

Offices

Administration

of

the

StateCouncil(4)国务院直属事业单位Institutions

Directly

under

theState

Council新华通讯社Xinhua

News

Agency中国科学院Chinese

Academy

of

Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese

Academy

of

Social

Sciences中国工程院Chinese

Academy

of

Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development

Research

Centre

ofthe

State

Council国家行政学院National

School

of

Administration中国地震局China

Seismological

Bureau中国气象局China

Meteorological

Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China

Securities

RegulatoryCommission

(CSRS)(5)部委管理的国家局State

Bureaux

Administration

by

Ministration

orCommission)国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)State

Bureau

of

Grain

Reserve

(Underthe

State

Development

Planning

Commission)

国家国内贸易局State

Bureau

of

Internal

Trade国家煤炭工业局State

Bureau

of

Coal

Industry国家机械工业局State

Bureau

of

Machine

Building

Industry国家冶金工业局State

Bureau

of

Metallurgical

Industry国家石油和化学工业局State

Bureau

of

Petroleum

and

Chemical

Industry国家轻工业局State

Bureau

of

Light

Industry国家纺织工业局State

Bureau

of

Textile

Industry国家建筑材料工业局State

Bureau

of

Building

Materials

Industry国家烟草专卖局State

Tobacco

Monopoly

Bureau国家有色金属工业局State

Bureau

of

Nonferrous

Metal

Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above

are

all

under

the

State

Economic

and

TradeCommission)国家外国专家局(人事部)State

Bureau

of

Foreign

Experts

Affairs

(underthe

Ministry

of

Personnel)国家海洋局(国土资源部)State

Bureau

of

Oceanic

Administration

(underthe

Ministry

of

Land

and

Resources)国家测绘局(国土资源部)State

Bureau

of

Surveying

and

Mapping

(ditto)国家邮政局(信息产业部)State

Post

Bureau

(under

the

Ministry

ofInformation

Industry)国家文物局(文化部)State

Cultural

Relics

Bureau

(under

the

Ministry

ofCulture)国家中医药管理局(卫生部)State

Administration

of

Traditional

ChineseMedicine

(under

the

Ministry

of

Public

Health)国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行)State

Administration

of

ForeignExchange

(under

the

People’s

Bank

of

China)国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署)State

Administration

for

Entry

ExitInspection

and

Quarantine

(under

the

General

Administration

ofCustoms)中共中央总书记General

Secretary,

the

CPC

CentralCommittee政治局常委Member,

Standing

Committee

of

PoliticalBureau,

the

CPC

Central

Committee政治局委员Member,

Political

Bureau

of

the

CPC

CentralCommittee书记处书记Member,

secretariat

of

the

CPC

CentralCommittee中央委员Member,

Central

Committee候补委员Alternate

Member省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/MunicipalCommittee

of

the

CPC党组书记secretary,

Party

Leadership

Group中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/Vice

President,People"s

Republic

of

China全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice

Chairman,National

People"s

Congress秘书长Secretary-General主任委员Chairman委员Member中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名（地方人大）主任Chairman,Local

People"s

Congress人大代表Deputy

to

the

People"s

Congress国务院总理Premier,State

Council国务委员State

Councilor秘书长Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任Minister

in

Charge

of

Commission

for（国务院各部）部长Minister部长助理Assistant

Minister司长Director局长Director省长Governor常务副省长Executive

Vice

Governor自治区人民政府主席Chairman,Autonomous

Regional

People"sGovernment地区专员Commissioner,prefecture香港特别行政区行政长官Chief

Executive,Hong

Kong

SpecialAdministrative

Region市长/副市长Mayor/Vice

Mayor区长Chief

Executive,District

Government县长Chief

Executive,County

Government乡镇长Chief

Executive,Township

Government秘书长Secretary-General办公厅主任Director,General

Office（部委办）主任Director处长/副处长Division

Chief/Deputy

Division

Chief科长/股长Section

Chief科员Clerk/Officer发言人Spokesman顾问Adviser参事Counselor巡视员Inspector/Monitor特派员Commissioner人民法院院长President,People"s

Courts人民法庭庭长Chief

Judge,People"s

Tribunals审判长Chief

Judge审判员Judge书记Clerk

of

the

Court法医Legal

Medical

Expert法警Judicial

Policeman人民检察院检察长Procurator-General,People"s

procuratorates监狱长Warden律师Lawyer公证员Notary

Public总警监CommissionerGeneral警监Commissioner警督Supervisor警司Superintendent警员Constable

补发拖欠的养老金：clear

up

pension

payments

inarrears不良贷款：non-performing

loan层层转包和违法分包：multi-level

contracting

and

illegal subcontracting

4.城乡信用社：credit

cooperative

in

both

urban

andrural

areas

5.城镇居民最低生活保障：a

minimum

standard

ofliving

for

city

residents

6.城镇职工医疗保障制度：the

system

of

medicalinsurance

for

urban

workersOther

Relevant

Vocabulary出口信贷：export

credit贷款质量：loan

quality贷款质量五级分类办法：the

five-category

assets

classification

forbank

loans防范和化解金融风险：take

precautions

against

and

reducefinancial

risks防洪工程：flood-prevention

project非法外汇交易：illegal

foreign

exchange

transaction非贸易收汇：foreign

exchange

earnings

through

nontradechannels非银行金融机构：non-bank

financial

institutions费改税：transform

administrative

fees

into

taxes跟踪审计：follow-up

auditing工程监理制度：the

monitoring

system

for

projects国有资产安全：the

safety

of

state-owned

assets过度开垦：excess

reclamation合同管理制度：the

contract

system

for

governing

projects积极的财政政策：pro-active

fiscal

policy基本生活费：basic

allowance解除劳动关系：sever

labor

relation金融监管责任制：the

responsibility

system

for

financial

supervisi经济安全：economic

security靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to

increase

the

deficit

to

spend

more

ondevelopment扩大国内需求：the

expansion

of

domestic

demand拉动经济增长：fuel

economic

growth粮食仓库：grain

depot粮食收购企业：grain

collection

and

storage

enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed

operation

of

grain

purchasefunds粮食销售市场：grain

sales

market劣质工程：shoddy

engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款：arbitrary

charges,fund-raising,quotasand

fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇：obtain

foreign

currency

under

false

pretenses,not

turnover

foreign

owed

to

the

government

and

illegal

arbitrage融资渠道：financing

channels商业信贷原则：the

principles

for

commercial

credit社会保险机构：social

security

institution失业保险金：unemployment

insurance

benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：tax

evasion,tax

fraud

andrefusal

to

pay

taxes外汇收支：foreign

exchange

revenue

and

spending安居工程：housing

project

for

low-income

urban

residents信息化：information-based;informationization智力密集型：concentration

of

brain

power;knowledge-intensive外资企业：overseas-funded

enterprises下岗职工：laid-off

workers分流：reposition

of

redundant

personnel素质教育：education

for

all-round

development豆腐渣工程：jerry-built

projects社会治安情况：law-and-order

situation民族国家：nation

state“台独”："independence

of

Taiwan台湾当局：Taiwan

authorities台湾同胞：Taiwan

compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan

is

an

inalienable

part

of

theChinese

territory.西部大开发：Development

of

the

West

Regions可持续性发展：sustainable

development风险投资：risk

investment通货紧缩：deflation扩大内需：to

expand

domestic

demand“第三产业”：（third/tertiary

industry,service

sector,third

sequenenterprises）“第四产业”：（quaternary/information

industry）“军嫂”：（military

spouse）“峰会”（香港译“极峰会议”）”：summit(conference)“传销”：multi

level

marketing“白皮书”：white

paper(不是white

cover

book)“白条”：IOU

note（IOU：债款、债务，由I

owe

you的读音缩略转义而来）“巡回招聘”：milkround（一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈）。“减员增效”：increa