Unit+4+Everyday+economics+Using+Language+语法 高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit4Period2Grammar课堂学习attributiveclauses1Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.a

Thisisaplacewhererosesgrowwild.bThebiggestchallengeattheinitialphasewastopersuadepeopletoworkforme,whichwastotallyoutsidemyexperience.1

Whatdoes“where”refertoinsentence(a)?“Where”

insentence(a)refersto“aplace”.2

Whatdoes“which”refertoinsentence(b)?“Which”

insentence(b)refersto“topersuadepeopletoworkforme”.3

Whichsentencecontainsaclausewithessentialinformationaboutthesubject?4

Whichsentencecontainsaclausewithextrainformationaboutthesubject?Sentence(a).Sentence(b).Nowlookformoresentenceswithattributiveclausesinthereadingpassage.Shecouldn’t,however,hidethelineofsweatrunningdownherforehead,whichwascausedpartlybytheheatofthetelevisionstudio,butmorebyfearofthefourpeopleseatedinfrontofher.Zhangthereforedecidedtoreturntoherhometownandgrowroses,whichsurprisedmanypeople.Assomeonewhogrowupinthecountry,Zhangalreadyknewaboutgrowingplants.However,likeanyentrepreneurwhowasjuststartingout,shestillhadalottolearn.Seeingherpeerswhoalsodreamofsuccessandindependence,Zhanghasmixedfeelings.Foryoungpeoplewhohavelittlelifeexperience,thatcanbeachallenge.【语法讲解】(1)在复合句中作定语，修饰名词、代词等的从句叫定语从句。(2)在复合句中，被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等，叫做先行词。先行词一般出现在定语从句之前。有时先行词是整个句子。e.g.Theysentmychildtotheschooleverymorning,whichIconsideredagreathelptome.(3)引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。定语从句分类关系词指代对象在从句中的作用关系代词who指人作主语、宾语、表语whom指人作宾语whose指人或物作定语that指人或物作主语、表语或宾语which指物作主语、宾语、表语、定语as指人或物作主语、宾语、表语关系副词when指时间作时间状语where指地点作地点状语why指原因作原因状语定语从句中的关系词关系词的作用引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分关系词指代先行词在定语从句中充当成分，因此在定语从句中不能再重复先行词或指先行词的代词。注意定语从句的分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和先行词的关系密切，不用逗号分开;可用关系词that引导;可以省略关系词（关系词作宾语时）作宾语时，可用who或that替代whom只可修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分翻译成“……的”和先行词的关系不密切（是补充说明），一般使用逗号分开不可用关系词that来引导关系词作宾语不可省略不可用who替代whom修饰整个主句或主句的一部分往往不译为“……的”e.g.Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.（限制性）进行锻炼的人活得长些。（定语从句修饰people，若把从句去掉，句子就失去意义）e.g.Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghere.

(非限制性)他女儿现在在波士顿，她就要来这儿了。（若把从句去掉句子完整）that引导定语从句引导名词性从句起引导作用；指代先行词（人或物），有意义；在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。e.g.IshowedhimthenicecarthatIrentedyesterday.我向他展示了我昨天租的那辆不错的车。起引导作用；没有意义；在名词性从句中不充当任何成分e.g.It’ssaidthatherentedanicecaryesterday.据说他昨天租了一辆不错的车。when、where、why引导的定语从句与它们引导的状语从句、名词性从句在表意和功能上的区别。e.g.IvisitedMrandMrsSmithinNewYorkin2014,

whentheirfirstchildwasborn.我在2014年拜访了住在纽约的Smith夫妇，那年他们的第一个孩子出生了。该句中，when引导定语从句，指代in2014，在定语从句中作时间状语。e.g.IvisitedMrandMrsSmithinNewYorkwhentheirfirstchildwasborn.在Smith夫妇第一个孩子出生那年，我在纽约拜访了他们。该句中，when引导时间状语从句，整个从句充当时间状语。注意e.g.InthemuseumIsawanoldbook

thatwaspublishedinthe17thcentury.

注意定语从句与非谓语动词结构在表意和功能上的异同，以及两者之间的转换。=

InthemuseumIsawanoldbookpublishedinthe17thcentury.

我在博物馆里看见了一本17世纪出版的旧书。（定语从句修饰先行词book）非谓语动词结构修饰名词book，两者为被动关系1.Heistheconsultant,__________yourcompanyislookingfor.2.Theyliveinahouse______________

windowsfacesouth.3.________wasoftenthecase,themanforgottobringhiskeyswithhim.4.Henryisnotsuchanintelligentpupil__________wethink.5.TheyoungtouristswenttoQingdao,___________theyeverswaminthesea.

whom

whose

As

aswhere【牛刀小试】2Readthepassageandrewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingattributiveclauses.GoodDealisalocalmovementinsomecountries.

Itworkstohelpfarmersandworkersinlessdevelopedareasreceiveabetterdealfortheirproduce.GoodDealproductsmaybealittlemoreexpensivethanregularproducts,butuptoone-thirdofthesalepricewillbegivenbacktotheproducers.Thisismorethantheycouldgetundertheconventionaltradingsystem.

Themovementhasprovenpopularamongyoungpeople,andtheywanttohelpproducersgetthepaymenttheydeserve.TheyhavenoproblemspendingabitmoreonGoodDealproducts,believingthattheirpurchasingoftheseproductswillhelpimprovelocalpeople’swelfare.

However,somepeoplearelessoptimistic,andarguethatitdiscriminatesagainstproducersnotpartoftheGoodDealmovement.1.GoodDealisalocalmovementinsomecountries(,)whichworkstohelpfarmersandworkersinlessdevelopedareasreceiveabetterdealfortheirproduce.2.Themovementhasprovenpopularamongyoungpeoplewhowanttohelpproducersgetthepaymenttheydeserve.3.However,somepeoplewhoarelessoptimisticarguethatitdiscriminatesagainstproducerswhoarenotpartoftheGoodDealmovement.Answers:3

ReadtheprofileandwriteanintroductiontoaGoodDealproductusingattributiveclauseswhereappropriate.Price:$25perkgOrigin:grownontheGreenEquatorEstateSpecialfeatures:•100%organic•superior,smoothblend,withmildflavour•lessthanonecaloriepercupGoodDealguarantee:one-thirdofthesalepricereturnedtolocalproducersGreenEquatorCoffeeisaGoodDealproduct,whichsellsat...Sample:GreenEquatorCoffeeisaGoodDealproduct,whichsellsatthepriceof$25perkg.ItisgrownontheGreenEqua