2023年高考天津卷阅读D篇详细解析讲义-高三英语一轮复习

2023天津卷阅读D篇Youaregivenmanyopportunitiesinlifetochoosetobeavictimorcreator.Whenyouchoosetobeavictim,theworldisacoldanddifficultplace.“They”didthingstoyouwhichcausedallofyourpainandsuffering.“They”arewrongandbad,andlifeisterribleaslongas“they”arearound.Oryoumayblameyourselfforallyourproblems,thusinternalizing(内化)yourvictimization.Thetruthis,yourlifeislikelytostaythatwayaslongasyoufeelaneedtoblameyourselforothers.Thosewhochoosetobecreatorslookatlifequitedifferently.Theyknowthereareindividualswhomightliketocontroltheirlives,buttheydon'tletthisgetintheway.Theyknowtheyhavetheirweaknesses,yettheydon'tblamethemselveswhentheyfail.Whateverhappens,theyhavechoiceinthematter.Theybelievetheirdancewitheachsacred(神圣的)momentoflifeisagiftandthatstormsareanaturalpartoflifewhichcanbringtherainneededforemotionalandspiritualgrowth.Victimsandcreatorsliveinthesamephysicalworldanddealwithmanyofthesamephysicalrealities,yettheirexperienceoflifeisworldsapart.Victimsrelish(沉溺)inanger,guilt,andotheremotionsthatcauseothersandeventhemselvestofeellikevictims,too.Creatorsconsciouslychooselove,inspiration,andotherqualitieswhichinspirenotonlythemselves,butallaroundthem.Bothvictimsandcreatorsalwayshavechoicetodeterminethedirectionoftheirlives.Inreality,allofusplaythevictimorthecreatoratvariouspointsinourlives.Oneperson,onlosingajoboraspecialrelationship,mayfeelasifitistheendoftheworldandsunkintoterriblesufferingformonths,years,orevenalifetime.Anotherwiththesameexperiencemaychoosetofirstexperiencethegrief,thenacceptthelossandsoonmoveontobeapowerfulcreativeforcemhislife.Ineverymomentandeverycircumstance,youcanchoosetohavefuller,richerlifebysettingaclearintentiontotransformthevictimwithin,andbyinvitingintoyourlifethepowerfulcreatorthatyouare.51.Whatdoestheword“they”inParagraph1probablyreferto?A.Peopleandthingsaroundyou. B.Opportunitiesandproblems.C.Creatorsandtheirchoices. D.Victimsandtheirsufferings.52.AccordingtoParagraph2,creators.A.seemwillingtoexperiencefailuresinlifefuturelife B.possesstheabilitytopredictC.handleupsanddownsoflifewisely D.havepotentialtocreatesomethingnew53.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Creatorsandvictimsfacequitedifferentthingsinlife. B.Creatorsandvictimsaremastersoftheirlives.C.Victimscaninfluencemorepeoplethancreators. D.paredwithvictims,creatorsaremoreemotional.54.TheexamplesmentionedinParagraph4showthatA.strongattachmenttosufferingsinlifepullspeopleintovictims.B.peopleneedfamilysupporttodealwithchallengersinlife.C.ittakescreatorsquitealongtimetogetridoftheirpains.D.one'sexperiencesdeterminehisattitudetowardlife.55.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Todefinevictimsandcreators. B.Toevaluatevictimsagainstcreators.C.Toexplaintherelationshipbetweenvictimsandcreators.D.Tosuggestthetransformationfromvictimstocreators.【试题解析】51 题目问的是第一段中的“they”指代的是什么。答案：A。第一段中，“They”指的是那些对受害者造成痛苦和苦难的外部因素。这里的“They”可能是指周围的人和事物，这些是受害者认为对自己不利的因素。原文中提到：“‘They’didthingstoyouwhichcausedallofyourpainandsuffering.”这表明“they”是外部的人或事物，而不是机会、问题、创造者的选择或受害者自身的痛苦。52 根据第二段，创造者怎样做？答案：C。第二段描述了创造者如何看待生活，特别是他们如何处理生活中的起伏。原文中提到：“Theyknowtheyhavetheirweaknesses,yettheydon'tblamethemselveswhentheyfail.”这表明创造者在面对生活中的挑战时表现出智慧，他们不会因为失败而自责，而是接受生活的起伏。因此，答案是C，创造者明智地处理生活的起伏。53从第三段我们可以了解到什么？A.创造者和受害者在生活中面对的是完全不同的事物。B.创造者和受害者都是他们生活的主宰。C.受害者比创造者影响更多的人。D.与受害者相比，创造者更情绪化。答案：B。第三段强调了尽管创造者和受害者生活在同一个物理世界中，处理相同的物理现实，但他们的生活体验却截然不同。原文中提到：“Bothvictimsandcreatorsalwayshavechoicetodeterminethedirectionoftheirlives.”这表明无论是创造者还是受害者，他们都是自己生活的主宰，只是他们选择的方式不同。54第四段中提到的例子表明了什么？答案：D。第四段通过两个不同的人对同一事件（失去工作或特殊关系）的反应来展示，这些经历如何影响他们对生活的态度。原文中提到：“Oneperson,onlosingajoboraspecialrelationship,mayfeelasifitistheendoftheworld...Anotherwiththesameexperiencemaychooseto...moveontobeapowerfulcreativeforceinhislife.”（一些人在失去工作或重要的人际关系时，可能会觉得仿佛是世界崩塌了...而另一些经历相同事情的人则可能选择...振作起来，在自己的生活中展现出强大的创造力。）这表明个人的经历和他们对这些经历的反应决定了他们对生活的态度。55作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？答案：D。整篇文章通过比较受害者和创造者的生活态度和选择，强调了个人在生活中的主动选择的重要性。文章的最后一段特别强调了转变的可能性和重要性，原文中提到：“Ineverymomentandeverycircumstance,youcanchoosetohaveafuller,richerlifebysettingaclearintentiontotransformthevictimwithin,andbyinvitingintoyourlifethepowerfulcreatorthatyouare.”（在每一个瞬间和各种境遇中，你都可以通过树立一个明确的目标来改变自己内心的受害者角色，并唤醒生活中的强大创造力，从而选择一个更加丰富和充实的生活。）这表明作者的主要目的是鼓励读者从受害者的角色转变为创造者，从而拥有更丰富、更充实的生活。【难度分析】词汇难度：高考句法难度：高考文本难度：高考【题源】【词汇积累】victimization/ˌvɪk.tɪ.maɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/(n.)受害化internalizing/ɪnˈtɜː.nə.laɪ.zɪŋ/(v.)内化consciously/ˈkɒn.ʃəs.li/(adv.)有意识地inspiration/ˌɪn.spəˈreɪ.ʃən/(n.)灵感relish/ˈrel.ɪʃ/(v.)沉溺guilt/ɡɪlt/(n.)内疚spiritual/ˈspɪr.ɪ.tʃu.əl/(adj.)精神的sacred/ˈseɪ.krɪd/(adj.)神圣的intention/ɪnˈten.ʃən/(n.)意图transform/trænsˈfɔːrm/(v.)转变consciously/ˈkɒn.ʃəs.li/(adv.)有意识地suffering/ˈsʌf.ə.rɪŋ/(n.)痛苦grief/ɡriːf/(n.)悲痛【篇章结构】段落内容概述关键细节1生活中可以选择成为受害者或创造者受害者视角看世界冷酷，归咎于他人或自己；这种态度可能导致持续的问题。2创造者的生活观创造者认识到外界影响但不被其左右，面对失败不自责，视生活挑战为成长的契机。3受害者和创造者的生活体验差异尽管生活在相同的世界，受害者沉溺于消极情绪，而创造者选择爱和启发，影响他人。4人生中的受害者与创造者角色人们在不同情境下扮演受害者或创造者，态度决定了对挑战的应对方式和生活质量。5选择成为创造者的邀约鼓励读者通过改变内在的受害者心态，拥抱内心的创造者，以此提升生活质量。段落间的内在逻辑联系：第一段介绍了“受害者”与“创造者”这两种人生态度，并指出受害者倾向于归咎于他人或自己。第二段深入探讨了创造者的心态，如何以积极的方式面对生活中的挑战和失败。第三段对比了受害者和创造者的生活体验，强调两者在相同环境下的不同反应和结果。第四段通过实例展示人们在不同情境下可能扮演的角色，突出选择的重要性。第五段总结并鼓励读者选择成为创造者，以提高生活的质量和意义。【全文译文】在生活中，你会面临许多次选择：是做一个受害者，还是成为一个创造者。当你选择做一个受害者，世界似乎变得冰冷且充满挑战。“他们”对你做了种种事情，你的痛苦和苦难都是由“他们”引起的。“他们”是错误的，是不好的；在“他们”存在的时候，生活就是一场灾难。你甚至可能会把所有问题都归咎于自己，进而将这种受害者心态深深内化。但事实是，只要你持续责怪自己或他人，你的生活很可能就会一直停留在这种状态。而那些选择成为创造者的人，对生活有着截然不同的看法。他们明白，可能会有人试图控制他们的生活，但他们并不会让这成为阻碍。他们知道自己也有弱点，但在失败时，他们不会自责。无论发生什么，他们总是有选择的余地。他们相信，与生活中每一个神圣时刻的舞蹈是一种珍贵的礼物，而暴风雨，作为生活的自然组成部分，能带来情感和精神成长所需的“雨水”。受害者和创造者虽然生活在相同的物理世界里，面对许多相同的现实问题，但他们对生活的感受却天壤之别。受害者沉溺于愤怒、内疚等情绪，这些情绪不仅让他们自己，还让周围的人感受到受害者的阴影。而创造者则有意选择爱、灵感等品质，这不仅激励了他们自己，也影响了周围的每一个人。无论是作为受害者还是创造者，人们总是有选择去决定自己生活的方向。实际上，我们每个人在生活的不同阶段都扮演过受害者或创造者的角色。面对失业或失去特殊人际关系，有的人可能会觉得世界末日已至，沉浸在漫长的痛苦中，持续数月、数年，甚至一生。而另一些人在经历同样的打击后，可能会先允许自己感受悲伤，然后接受这一损失，并很快转变为生活中的强大创造力。在每一个时刻和每一种境遇中，你都可以选择通过树立清晰的意图，转变内心的受害者角色，激发生活中的强大创造者，让自己的生活变得更加充实和丰富。【外刊全文】VictimorCreator?

InspiringIdeastoBringMoreJoyandMeaningtoLifeIt'sWhatYouDoWithItItisnotwhathappenstoeachofusthatdetermineshowmuchweenjoylife,butratherourreactiontowhathappens.Thoughwemayhavenochoiceinunexpectedeventsthathappentous,wemostcertainlyhavechoiceinhowweinterpretwhathappens,andinwhatwechoosetodoaboutit.Wecanalwayschoosetobeeitheravictimoracreator.Thiskeychoicemakesallthedifferenceinhowmuchjoyweexperienceinlife.Neitherdoeswhatweownplayamajorroleinhowmuchweenjoylife.Onepersonwithallthemoneyandpossessionsintheworldmayhaveamiserablelife,whileanotherinthelowestinebracketmayabsolutelylovetheirlife.Itiswhatwedowithwhatweownthataffectsourlevelofsatisfactionandjoyinlife.

It'snotwhatyoupossessorwhathappenstoyouinlifethatmatters,butratherwhatyoudowithit.Eachofusisfacedwithchallengeseverydayofourlives.Andwitheachchallenge,wemakechoicesinhowwereact.Bychoosingtobeemoreconsciousofhowwereacttochallenges,wecanshiftouractionstowardscreatingwhatwereallywantinourlives.Ratherthanfollowinghabitual,reactivepatternswhichcauseustobehavelikevictims,wecanrecognizeandtransformoldhabitstocreatethelifewereallywant.Yettodothis,wemustfirstfindthecouragetolookatsomeofthedisempowering,often

unconsciouspatterns

whichcauseustoplaythevictimrole,andthenchooseinsteadtoempowerthecreatorinourselves.TransformYourselfFromVictimtoCreatorYouaregivenmanyopportunitiesinlifetochoosetobeavictimortobeacreator.

Whenyouchoosetobeavictim,theworldisacoldandharshplace.

"They"didthingstoyouwhichcausedallofyourpainandsuffering."They"arewrongandbad,andlifeisrottenaslongas"they"arearound."They"mightbeoneormoreindividualsinyourfamilyormunity.Itmightbetheterriblepoliticiansoryourbossortheevilcabalofthepowerelitethatrulestheworld.Oryoumayblameyourselfforallyourproblems,thusinternalizingyourvictimization.Theessenceisthatvictimsfeelaneedtoblamesomeoneforalltheirproblems,whetheritisthemselvesorothers,becausethatsomeoneisruiningtheirlivesandworld.Andthetruthis,yourlifeislikelytostaythatwayaslongasyoufeelaneedtoblameandmakeyourselforotherswrong.Thosewhochoosetobecreatorslookatlifequitedifferently.Theyknowtherearepowerfulindividualsandgroupswhomightliketocontroltheirlives,buttheydon'tletthisgetintheway.Theyknowtheyhavetheirweaknesses,yettheydon'tblamethemselveswhentheyfail.

Creatorsfeelnoneedtoblameanyoneastheyknowthatwhateverhappens,theyhavechoiceinthematter.WhenGandhiandMartinLutherKing,Jr.wereputbehindbars,theyusedthatopportunitytomeditateandpray,towritelettersandbooks,andtoinspiretheirmunitiestostandupandmakeadifferenceintheworld.Theyprayednotonlyforthemselvesandtheirsupporters,butevenforthosewhojailedthemanddespisedtheirwork.Theywereunstoppable,powerfulcreatorswhocontinuedtohavejoyandmeaningintheirlivesuntilthedaytheydied.Victimsrelishinanger,revenge,guilt,andotheremotionsandbehaviorsthatcauseothers–andeventhemselves–tofeellikevictims,too.Creatorsconsciouslychoose

love,inspiration,empowerment,andotherqualitieswhichinspirenotonlythemselves,butallaroundthemtocontinuallycreatethelivesandworldtheywanttolivein.Victimsandcreatorsliveinthesamephysicalworldanddealwithmanyofthesamephysicalrealities,yettheirexperienceoflifeisworldsapart.Fromtheperspectiveofenjoymentoflife,theyhardlyliveinthesameworld.Yetwhethertheyknowitornot,bothvictimandcreatoralwayshavechoiceineachmomenttodeterminethedirectionoftheirlivesthroughwhattheychoosetodowithwhattheyaregiven.Inreality,allofusplaythevictimandallofusplaythecreatoratvariouspointsinourlives.

Yetfewpeoplerealizejusthowmuchchoicewehaveinwhichroleweplayatanygiventime.Oneperson,onlosingajoboraspecialrelationship,mayfeelasifitistheendoftheworldandsinkintoterriblesufferingformonths,years,orevenalifetime.Anotherwiththesameexperiencemaychoosetofirstexperiencethegrief,yetthenacceptthelossandinarelativelyshortamountoftimemoveontobeapowerfulcreativeforceintheirlife.Ineverymomentandeverycircumstance,wecanchoosetoplayanactiveroleincreatingourowndestiny.ChoosingtoCreateaLifeFilledWithJoyandMeaningBychoosingto

seeandinspirethecreator

notonlyinyourself,butinallyoumeet,youcancreatepowerfultransformationinyourlifeandworld.Ifyouhavespentalotoftimeinvictimmode,itmaynotbeeasytomaketheshift,butitisentirelypossible.

Byexploringyour

corechallenges

andworkingtotransformthem,andbyconsistentlychoosingtostoptheneedtoplaceblameandinsteadtakeresponsibilityforhowyouinterpretyourlife,youcanmaketheshift.Noneofusisperfect.Weallhavemadeandwillcontinuetomakemistakesandbadchoicesinourlives.Whenwefail,thereisnoneedtoblameourselvesoranyoneelse.Wecanchoosetosimplyacceptthatwedidn'tdowhatwehadintendedandthen

worktounderstandwhy,sothatwemightdobetterthenexttime.Noticewhenyoufindyourselfblamingyourselforothers.Thenstopforamoment.Takealookinsideandask,isitreallyempoweringyoutoplaceblame,evenifyoubelieveitisverywelldeserved?Isthisreallyhowyouwanttolive,oristheresomethingbetterandmorefulfilling?Therewillmostcertainlybetimeswhereyouslipbackintoyouroldvictimways.Butbycontinuallyremindingyourselfofyourintentiontobeacreator,youcantransformyourlife.Forthosewhoblamethemselvesmorethanothers,considerexploringhowthisservesyou.Somearedrawntoabusiverelationshipsorhabitsasawayofunconsciouslypunishingthemselves.Manytimesdeep,unconsciousprocessesarebehindthisbehaviorwhichcanbeuncoveredbysettingastrongintentiontounderstandtherootcauses,andbyholdingtoadeepintentiontotransformtheplaceswhichkeepyoufrombeingapowerfulcreator.Shiftingfromvictimtocreatordoesnotmeanshiftingtheblamefromyourselftoothers,butitmaymeangettingoutofabusiverelationshipsorhabitssothatyoucanthenmovewithgreaterawarenessandmitmenttocreatepositivetransformationinyourownlifeandinthosearoundyou.Attimesinthisprocess,youwilllookbackandrealizethatyouletyourselfbethevictimagain.

Evenwhenyoufailatmakingtheshiftfromvictimtocreator,youcanbegentlewithyourself.

Judgingandblamingyourselfisjustasdisempoweringasdirectingittowardsothers.Youcanacceptandforgiveyourselffornotfollowingyourintention,andthendoyourbesttolearnfromwhathappened.Andtheremayevenbetimeswhen,forwhateverreason,youfeelaneedtoplaytheroleofvictimforawhile.Ifso,getintoitandplaytherolefully.Butrememberwhiledoingsothatyouarechoosingthis,andthatyoucanjustaseasilychoosetobeacreatora