【课件】Unit+3+Discovering+Useful+Structures+课件人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit3TheInternetGrammarByEllenpresent(now)futurepast过去的动作一直持续到现在过去的动作对现在产生影响ThePresentPerfectTenseIhavelivedinChinafor5years.我在中国住了5年。（从5年前到现在，现在还在中国）I

livedin

Chinafor5years.我在中国住了5年。（过去住在中国，现在不在中国）过去的动作一直持续到现在过去的动作对现在产生影响Someone

hasbroken

thewindow.(窗户现在是坏的)Ihavealreadylost

thekey.(我现在没有钥匙)I

haven'tread

thebookyet.(不了解书的内容)肯定式：S+have/has+V-过去分词(done)否定式：S+have/has+not+V-过去分词...一般问句：Have/Has+S+V-过去分词...特殊疑问句：疑问词+have/has+S+V-过去分词...现在完成时的基本结构“三变”例：Theyhavealreadysolvedtheproblem.原句主语by的宾语宾语主语

谓语由主动被动“三不变”原句意思不变原句时态不变原句主谓宾以外成分不变Theproblem________________________bythem.hasaalreadybeensolved被动语态肯定式：S+have/hasbeendone...否定式：S+have/hasnotbeendone...一般问句：Have/Has+S+beendone特殊疑问句：疑问词+have/has+S+beendone现在完成被动语态的基本结构练习Tomhasinvitedthesingeralready.Thesingerhasbeeninvited(byTom)already.Thesingerhasnotbeeninvited(byTom)yet.Hasthesingerbeeninvited(byTom)yet?Whohasbeeninvited(byTom)?

被动否定一般疑问对宾语提问[即时演练1]——用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子(1)Jack'sbosshasalwayspraisedhimforhisdevotiontowork.→Jack________________________byhisbossforhisdevotiontowork.(2)Theyhavefoundagoodplacetobuildatempleinthevillage.→Agoodplace____________________bythemtobuildatempleinthevillage.(3)Wehaven'tyetdecidedhowtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblem.→Howtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblem____________________byusyet.hasalwaysbeenpraised

hasbeenfound

hasn'tbeendecided三、用法1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already、yet、never、recently等副词及时间状语sofar、bynow、uptill/tonow、since等连用。◆Thedatabasehasalreadybeenupdated.数据库已经被更新了。(现在可以使用新的数据库了)2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于howlong引出的句子中。◆Themachine

hasbeenrepairedfor

twohours.这台机器已经被修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)3．用在条件、时间状语从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作完成。◆Youshouldn'tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomework

hasbeenfinished.在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。Tallbuildings__________________(build)everywhere.havebeenbuiltShoppingcenters___(rebuild).havebeenrebuiltMorethan50newfactories__(setup)toimproveeconomiessofar.havebeensetupTheroad___________________(widen).hasbeenwidenedMoredustbins

___

(place)onthestreets.havebeenplacedMoreandmoretreesandflowers

_____(plant)ontheeithersideoftheroads.havebeenplanted注意事项1.不及物动词和不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，如：rise,happen,takeplace,breakout,comeabout,survive,remaind,last,die,disappear,end,fail,belongto,consistof...Eg：Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometownrecently.Eg:Afterthetrafficaccident,noonesurvivedexceptapersonwhowasbadlyinjured.注意事项2.一般说来，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但许多“不及物动词+副词或介词”构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态，但变被动语态后，不可把介词或副词漏掉,eg:laughat,listento,lookafter,takecareof,thinkof,talkabout,handin,catchsightof,makeuseof,payattentionto,turnon…Eg.:Mysisterwillbetakencareofbygrandma.

Thepatientisbeingoperatedonnow.

Heturnedontheradiojustnow.Theradiowasturnedonbyhimjustnow.[即时演练2]——单句语法填空/补全句子(1)Greatchanges_______________(take)placeinmyhometownandyoucanseethatalotoffactories__________________(set)up.(2)Someefforts_______________(make)toimprovetheairqualityinthecitylastwinter.(3)Overthepastthreeyears,thepaintings_______________(take)tomorethan20museumsintheworld.havetakenhavebeensetweremadehavebeentaken

(4)Forcenturies,theancientlanguage_______________________(pass)onfromonegenerationtoanother.(5)Thepatient___________________________(被照顾得很好)eversincehecametoourhospital.hasbeenpassedhasbeentakengoodcareofⅡ.语法与写作1．自从他来帮我，我在学业方面已经取得了巨大进步。Greatprogress

______________________________since

hecametomyhelp.2．这是我第一次受到同学们的取笑。ItisthefirsttimethatI______________________________________．3．迄今为止，已经采取了有效措施来保护濒危动物免遭灭绝。Sofar，effectivemeasures__________________________________________________________．hasbeenmadeinmystudies

havebeenmadefunofbymyclassmateshavebeenmadetoprotectendangeredcreaturesfromdyingout4．虽然我们不知道讨论了什么，但是我们可以感觉到主题已经被改变了。Thoughwedon'tknowwhatwasdiscussed,wecanfeelthetopic________________yet.5．空气、噪音和水污染已经极大地影响了人们的健康。People'shealth___________________________byair,noiseandwaterpollution.hasbeenchanged

hasbeengreatlyaffected

Ⅲ.用所给动词的适当形式填空LiMing：Hi，LinTao.Hownicetoseeyouonthefirstdayofthenewterm!LinTao：Yes.Nicetoseeyouagain!LiMing：Iknowthatyourparents1.____________________(work)inYushuforyears.Canyoutellmesomethingthereaftertheearthquake?havebeenworkingLinTao：Ofcourse.Sincetheearthquake2.______________(happen)，manysoldiers3.______________(send)there,andmanykindsofsupplies(物资供应)4.__________________(carry)therefromalloverthecountry.Now,mostpeoplethere5.________________(live)ahappylifeagain.happenedhavebeensenthavebeencarriedlive/arelivingLiMing：Howabouttheschoolsthere?LinTao：Severalnewschools6.______________(set)upandalsosomeschoolswhich7._______________(damage)intheearthquake8.________________(rebuild)．Soallthestudentscangobacktoschooltostudynow.LiMing：That'swonderful.I'msuretheirlifewillbebetterandbetter.Whenwillyourparentscomeback?LinTao：Theywillbebacknextmonth.havebeensetweredamagedhavebeenrebuiltChangethesentencesintotheprese