2024年中考英语语法笔记-Chapter 4 情态动词 笔记

备战2024年中考英语语法

chapter4情态动词笔记

ModalVerb

・模块一can/could/beableto用法分述。

•模块二may/might用法分述。

,模块三must/haveto用法分述。

・模块四should/oughtto用法分述。

,模块五need用法分述。

・模块六will/would用法分述。

,模块七wouldrather/hadbetter用法分述。

模块一1can/could/beableto用法分述。

1.can/could的基本形式和用法：

could是can的过去式，或作为委婉语

a.用于请求或允许，意为“能……”

>—Could/CanIhavethetelevisionon?

-Yes,you./No,you.

b.在疑问句和否定句中表示推测，意为“可能……吗？”、“不可能”

>他可能是坏人吗？他不可能是坏人。

heabadguy?No,heabadguy.

c.用于陈述句，表示事情发生的“理论上的可能性”，意为“会”

>事故总会发生。

d.表示能力，意为“能够”

>HespeakEnglishwhenhewasyoung.

could作为can的过去时/委婉语，请打勾

过去时委婉语

表请求或允许

表推测

表可能性

表能力

2.can/could与beableto的差别：

a.表示能力时，can表示现在、could表示过去；beableto可以用于任何时态，也可以前

加情态动词或助动词，如：willbeableto,havebeenableto,shouldbeableto

b.用于过去时中，could表示“有能力做”而“并不一定做成”；若是“实际得以做成某事”，只

能用was/wereableto=managetodosth.

＞司机得以逃生，其他的乘客没有逃出来。

Thedriverescape,butthepassengersfailedtodoso.

Ms.Wangcouldsingwellwhenshewasyoung.

Iwasabletopasstheexamination.我通过了考试.（不仅有能力，而且实际上做到了.相当于

Isucceededinpassingtheexamination.）

Icouldpasstheexamination.我当时有能力通过考试.（有能力，但实际上不一定做得到）

can/could与beableto差别总结

can/couldbeableto

表请求或允许q

表推测q

表可能性N

表能力y

时态

用于过去时中含义

3.can/could的惯用语：

a.cannothelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事

>我情不自禁地笑了。

Icannothelp.

b.cannothelp/choosebutdosth.不得不,只能做某事

>我不得不告诉她真相。

Icannothelp/choosebut.

c.cannot...too+adj./adv.无论怎样都不为过，越...越好

»你越小心越好。

Youcannottoo.

d.cannot...without没有...就不能

>Onecannotsucceedwithoutperseverance.

没有就不能。

e.couldnot+比较级=最高级

>—Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?

—Icouldn'tagreemore.

★真题试炼*

1.（2023•吉林长春•统考中考真题）ThisbeAlice'sguitar.Hersisstillinmyhouse.

A.shouldB.can'tC.mustD.needn't

2.（2023•辽宁丹东•统考中考真题）一Canyouswiminthisriver?

-.Ifstoodangerous.

A.Yes,IcanB.No,Ican'tC.Yes,youmayD.No,youneedn9t

3.（2023・辽宁•统考中考真题）一IsthisredjacketTony9s?

-No,itbehis.Hedoesn'tlikered.

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.wouldn't

4.（2023・辽宁抚顺•统考中考真题）Thelovelyboyridethebikeattheageofsix.

A.mustB.couldC.needD.should

5.（2022•辽宁大连•统考中考真题）一Wilson,youhelpmecarrytheboxupstairs?

——Sure,noproblem.

A.couldB.needC.shouldD・might

模块二may/might用法分述O

1.may/might的基本形式和用法：

might是may的过去式，亦可作委婉语

a.表示请求或允许，意为“可以……”

>—MayIsmokehere?

—Yes,you.

—No,you.

b.表示对事实的不太确定的推测，意为“可能”

>Thegreatestfoolmayaskmorethanthewisestmancananswer.

c.may放在句首，表示祝愿

>场景连线：

i9

MayGodblessyou!*'***'**I^^^ongrandpasbirthday

Mayyousucceedinyourcaree?!*^^^—_■onthegraduationceremony

Mayweneverforgeteachother!ontheweddingceremony

1

Mayyoulivelongandprosperl/^^******111sli1tthemid-termexam

Mayyouloveforeverandhavealovelybabysoo9S«*.onthefarewelldinner

Maygoodfortunefindyouthisyear!duringtheSpringFestival

2.may/might的惯用语：

a.maywelldo理所当然，有足够的理由=havegoodreasonto

>我有足够理由不去上学。

Imaywell.

b.may/mightaswelldo最好

>你最好呆在家里。

Youmay/mightaswell.

c.may/mightaswelldoAasdoB与其做B不如做A

>Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitbutimperfectly.

★真题试炼*

6.（2022・四川•统考中考真题）一Ihelpyou,sir?

一Yes,rdliketotryonthoseblackshoes.

A.WillB.ShouldC.MustD.May

7.（2022•统考中考真题）一Iuseyourglue?I'mmakingakite.

-Noproblem.Hereyouare.

A.ShouldB.NeedC.MustD.May

8.（2022•辽宁锦州•统考中考真题）一Willplantsgrowonotherplanets?

一Thatbetrue.Ifsreallydifficulttopredictthefuture.

A.mustn'tB.shouldC.needn'tD.may

9.（2023•山东荷泽•统考中考真题）一Whereareyougoingthissummervacation?

-IgotoZibo,butFmnotsure.

A.mustB.needn'tC.might

10.（2022•湖南怀化•统考中考真题）一WhoseEnglishbookisthis?

-ItbeLily's,butI'mnotsure.

A.mightB.can'tC.must

模块三1must/haveto用法分述

1.must的基本用法：

a.用于询问、命令或建议，意为“必须"，mustn't意为“禁止”

>—Must/NeedIleavetheofficeafterfiveo'clock?

—Yes,you.

—No,you.

b.用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定”

>他现在一定在公司。

Heintheofficenow.

▼Attention,

must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must后面通常接be(doing)

比较：Youmustbesleepingnow.VS.Youmustsleepnow.

表猜测用法小结:

对现在(正在进行)对过去

肯定句

否定句

疑问句

c.must表示自然规律或必然结果，意为“必然,，

＞Allmenmustdie.

2.must与haveto的差别：

must意为"必须"时，与haveto的意思相同，但：

a.haveto表示客观条件有所要求，must表示说话者主观上认为必要

＞他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这事)

Hesaidthattheyworkhard.

＞居民们不得不忍受广场舞的噪音。

Theresidentsstandthenoiseofthepublicsquaredancing.

b.只有在间接引语中，must才能表示过去,

＞判断下列句子对错：_

c.在否定结构中，don'thaveto表示“不必要%mustn't表示"不允许,,

＞你不一定要把此事告诉他。

Youtellhimthis.

＞你一定不要把这件事告诉他。

Youtellhimthis.

表“必须”比较：

musthaveto

主客观

时态、人称、数

的变化

用于过去时

否定形式含义

3.haveto补充说明：在口语中havegotto亦可表示义务和需要，与haveto基本同义

＞他现在必须走了。

(用havegotto)Hehasgottogo.

疑问句：togo?

否定句：Hetogo.

(用haveto)Hehastogo.

疑问句：togo?

否定句：Hetogo.

★真题试炼*

11.（2023•江苏无锡•统考中考真题）Oh,comeon!youdoubteverythingIsay?Fmnota

three-year-old!

A.Can'tB.CanC.Mustn'tD.Must

12.（2023・湖北孝感•统考中考真题）一Howbeautifulthepapercuttingis!Whomadeit?

一ItbeLinda.She'stheonlyonethatcanmakeitinourclass.

A.mustB.wouldC.canD.could

13.（2023•山东滨州•统考中考真题）一Thepapercuttingisprettylively.Whomadeit?

-ItbeMary.Noneofusexceptherisabletodoit.

A.canB.mustC.needD.might

14.（2022•江苏淮安•统考中考真题）一MissLi.Idon'twanttosaysorrytoDaniel.

-I'mafraidyou.Afterall,youbrokehisglasses.

A.mayB.havetoC.mustn'tD.needn't

15.（2022•湖北荆州•统考中考真题）一M汰e,Ican飞stopplayingcomputergames.

一Foryoureyes,mydearfriend,I'mafraidyou.

A.couldB.mayC.wouldD.haveto

模块四1should/oughtto用法分述O

1.should的基本用法：

a.should表示劝告、建议、命令，意为“应当、要”，其同义词是oughtto/besupposedto,

在疑问句中，通常用should代替oughtto

>Youshoulddoexercises.

=Youdoexercises.

=Youdoexercises.

b.用于表达合理的推断，意为，，应该”

>三点到了，足球赛应该快要开始了。

Ifsthreeo9clock.Thefootballgamesoon.

c.用于虚拟语气，意为，，应当”

>I(that)youfinishyourhomeworkfirst,(should)do

>IfIyou,Ishouldaccepttheirsuggestion.

>Nowhehastopayafine.Hehavetriedtostealaride.

▼Attention，

shouldhavedone本应该做某事(而实际上没有)

shouldifthavedone本不应该做某事(而实际上做了)

d.表示义务，意为“应该做”，且表示一种道义上的责任

>Ishouldhelphimbecauseheisintrouble.

e.表示惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等情绪，意为，，竟会、竟然”

>Youcan'timaginethatawell-behavedgentlemanshouldbesorudetohisgirlfriend.

2.oughtto的用法：

>肯定句：Heoughttofinishthetask.

>一般疑问句：finishthetask?

>否定句：Hefinishthetask.

★真题试炼*

16.（2023•湖J匕武汉•统考中考真题）——Excuseme,butwewaitinlinetogetonthesubway.

-I'msorry.

A.mightB.wouldC.couldD.should

17.（2023•江苏连云港•统考中考真题）Earthquakescanbeverydangerous.Welearntoprotect

ourselves.

A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.would

18.（2023•湖北恩施•统考一模）Ifyouwanttobeagreenerman,youshutoffthelightwhenleavinga

room.

A.dareB.oughttoC.would

19.（2023•福建宁德•统考二模）一Whoseropeisthis?

-ItbeTom's.HeusedthisblueropeintheP.E.classjustnow.

A.hadbetterB.oughttoC.usedto

20.（2022•江苏常州•统考中考真题）Toachieveourdream,werestonwhatwehavedone.

A.maynotB.shouldnotC.neednotD.couldnot

模块五1need用法分述O

1.need的基本用法：请在下表内填空（dare跟need用法相同）

She,need/dare,go实义动词情态动词

therealone

现在Shegotherealone.

过去Shegotherealone.

否定Shegotherealone.Sheneedn't/daren'tgo

therealone.

疑问Doessheneed/daretoNeed/Dareshegothere

gotherealone?alone?

2.sth.needdoing是主动形式表示被动=needtobedone（见被动语态详解）

>花园里的花需要浇水了。

Theflowersinthegardenneednow.

★真题试炼★

21.（2023•江苏镇江•统考中考真题）Thenewappaboutfashionisreallyfreeandyoupaymoneyfor

it.

A.mayB.mustC.shouldn'tD.needn't

22.（2023•湖北荆州•统考中考真题）一Youtakethesubwaytotheairport,forIcandriveyouthere

directly.

一Thafsverykindofyou.

A.can'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't

23.（2022•湖北黄石•统考中考真题）一Mom,mustItidymyroomrightnow?

-No,you.Youcandoitafterbreakfast.

A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't

24.（2022-四川乐山•统考中考真题）一Mustweweartheschoolclothestomorrow,Mr.Wang?

一No,you.OnlyonMondays.TomorrowisTuesday.

A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can't

25.（2023•内蒙古兴安盟•统考一模）一MustIfinishtheworktoday?

一No,you.ButyoufinishitbeforenextMonday.

A.mustn't;mustB.needn?t;needC.mustn?t;couldD.needn't;must

模块六will/would用法分述O

1.表示恭谦的请求、建议等，常用于疑问句，would比will委婉客气

>Wouldyoumindmyclosingthewindow?

2.表示意志、愿望和决心

>Iwillneverdothatagain.

3.表示估计或猜想

>Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.

4.补充说明

a.wouldliketodo=wantto想要，为固定搭配

b.Wouldyoulike…？表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用some,而不是any

c.否定结箱中用wont一般不用wouldn5t,wonftyou是一种委婉语气。

>Won'tyousitdown?

★真题试炼十

26.（2022•河北邯郸•统考三模）一Mum,I'vesignedforabigboxbySFExpress（顺丰快递）.Whafsinit?

-I'mnotsure.Itbeapresentfromyouraunt.

A.mightB.mustC.shouldD.will

27.（2022•云南昆明•统考一模）一CanIparkmycarhere?

一No,you.Lookatthesign.Itsays“Noparking”.

A.won'tB.wouldn'tC.needn'tD.mustn't

28.（2022•辽宁葫芦岛•统考二模）一Mom,doyouknowwheremykeysare?Ican'tfindthem.

-I'mnotsure.Theybeinyourwhitebag.

A.shallB.mayC.willD.must

29.（2022・湖北武汉・武汉外国语学校（武汉实验外国语学校）校考模拟预测）Hepushedthedooragainand

again,butit_open.

A.wouldn'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't

30.（2022•山东济南•统考一模）一Nick,youliketojoinustothemuseum?

一Whynot?Lefsgo.

A.canB.couldC.wouldD.must

模块七1wouldrather/hadbetter用法分述