Unit5MusicPeriod1单元重点单词句型及短语讲解(分层练习)高一英语上学期（人教版2019）

Unit5MusicPeriod1单元重点单词、句型及短语讲解单词拼写1.Bearsbuildupfatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenough__________(能量)tolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.2.TheygainagoodreputationamongChinesefortheirdetailedknowledgeandgreatcarefor__________(普通的)

people.3.Idon’tbelievewhatyousaid,butifyoucan__________(证明)it,youmaybeabletoconvinceme.4.Thepalacecaughtfirethreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleofthe__________(原来的)buildingremainsnow.5.Aliens’visitingEarthiscontroversial(有争议的),butwhathappenedinsomeplacesishardtoexplain,leavingpeoplepuzzledaboutthesestrange__________(现象).6.LittleJimwasonlytooreadytoperformonthe__________(舞台),seldom,ifever,refusingthemwhensomeoneaskedhimtodo.7.Thedevelopmentofindustryhasbeena__________(逐渐的)processthroughouthumanexistence,fromstonetoolstomodern

technology.8.Despitethep__________roundsoftalks,noagreementhasbeenreachedsofarbythe

twosides.9.Thea__________ofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotto

followothersblindly.10.Althoughmoreadvancede__________canprovideyouwithmorechoices,itcannottaketheplaceofpracticeandexperience.【答案】1energy2ordinary3prove4original5phenomena6stage7gradual8precious9aim10equipment二．词性转换1._________n.能源；能量；精力→_________adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的2._________vt.&vi.表演；履行；执行→_________n.表演；演技；表现→_________n.表演者；演员3._________adj.能……的；有能力的→_________vt.使能够；使可能→_________n.能力；才能4._________vt.作曲；创作→_________n.作曲者；作曲家→_________n.成分；(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品5._________n.行为；举止；管理方法vt.组织；安排；带领→_________n.(乐队、合唱团等的)指挥；(公共汽车的)售票员6._________n.起源；起因；出身→_________adj.原来的；独创的；原作的n.原件；原作7._________adj.逐渐的；渐进的→_________adv.逐渐地；逐步地8._________vt.减轻；缓解→_________n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱9._________vt.使用；应用；雇用→_________adj.失业的；待业的→_________n.失业；失业人数10._________vt.装备；配备→_________n.设备；装备11._________n.天才；天资；天赋→_________adj.有天资的；有才能的12._________vt.以为；假设→_________n.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得13._________v.对待；治疗；款待→_________n.治疗；对待；处理14._________vt.满足；使满意→_________adj.感到满意的→_________adj.令人满意的→_________n.满足；满意；欣慰15._________vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→_________adj.各种不同的；各种各样的→_________n.变化；多样(化)16._________vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→_________n.反应；回应【答案】energy；energetic

2.perform；performance；performer

3.able；enable；ability

4pose；poser；position

5.conduct；conductor

6.origin；original

7.gradual；gradually

8.relieve；relief

9.employ；unemployed；unemployment

10.equip；equipment

11.talent；talented

12.assume；assumption

13.treat；treatment

14.satisfy；satisfied；satisfying/satisfactory；satisfaction

15.vary；various；variety

16.react；reaction三．根据所给单词的首字母或括号内的提示完成下面短文LudwigvanBeethoven(17701827)wasbornin(1)__________(German).He(2)__________(start)hismusicaltrainingwhenhewasfiveyearsold,andhisteachersworked(使……工作)himsohardthatheoftencried.Hestartedwritingmusicwhenhewasnineteen,andtwoyearslaterhemovedViennatostudymusicandperform.Beethovenfirstbecamefamousasapianist.(3)__________,by1800,hismusicalworksweresopopularthathe(4)__________(think)ofthemostimportantposerofhisgeneration.Duringthissameperiod,he(5)__________(slow)becamedeaf.(6)__________hecouldnothearwithhisears,hecouldstillwritemusicbecausehecouldhearmusic(7)__________hishead.Mostofhisgreatmusicalworkswerepletedafterhebecamedeaf.Inthelaterpartofhislife,hehadmanyhealthandmoney(8)__________(issue).Hewasalsolonelybecause(9)__________womanhelovedandwantedtomarryhadlefthim.Hisfriendstriedtohelphimthroughhisdarktimes,buthislifebecame(10)__________(mark)bysadness.Hediedafteralongillnessin1827.【答案】1Germany2started3However4wasthought5slowly6Though/Although/While

7in

8issues

9the

10marked四．语法填空（20222023学年山东省东营市高一（下）期末考试英语试卷）Recently,acleanernamedChenLiyanhasmadetheheadlinesforher

(1)

(honest).EarlylastTuesdaymorning,ChenwassweepingtheflooratTaiyuanRailwayStation

(2)

suddenlyshefoundasmallplasticbagnearachairanddiscovered100,000yuaninside.Chenwasshockedbutdeterminedtoreturnthemoneyto

(3)

(it)owner.Whileworking,Chenwatchedcarefullyforanyonewhomighthavebeentheowner.Shewaitedforovertwohours,but.

(4)

(have)noluck,shewenttothenearestpolicestationtoturnthemoneyin.There,itwasfinallyreturnedtoWangZheng,theownerofthemoney.WangthankedChenrepeatedlyandapologized

(5)

theinconvenience,evenofferingher5,000yuanasareward.ButChenrefused,believingitwouldbewrong

(6)

(accept)themoneythoughshehadspentthelastofhersavingstreatingherdaughter,

(7)

iscurrentlyseriouslyill.Fortunately,Mr.Ma,whoworksatthepolicestation,

(8)

(step)in.LivinginthesameapartmentbuildingasChen'sfamily,MawaswellawareofChen'sdifficulties.WhenWangZheng

(9)

(tell)aboutChen'ssituation,hedecidedtosetupafundraisingwebsitetohelpChenout.Moneyisimportant,butmoney

(10)

(definite)isn'teverything.Andthat'sagreatattitudetotake.【答案】1.

句意：最近，一位名叫陈丽燕的清洁工因为她的诚实上了头条。此处应用名词honesty作宾语，为不可数名词，故填honesty。

2.

句意：上周二清晨，陈在太原站扫地时，突然在椅子附近发现了一个小塑料袋，里面有10万元。此处为固定句型bedoing...when，意为“正在做……这时”，故填when。

3.

句意：陈很震惊，但还是决定把钱还给它的主人。此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词owner，故填its。

4.

句意：她等了两个多小时，但很不幸没有等来主人，所以她去了最近的警察局把钱上交了。but前后连接两个句子，空处在but后面的句子中作非谓语，且主语she和动词have为主动关系，应用动词ing形式形式作状语，故填having。

5.

句意：王多次向陈表示感谢，并为给她带来的不便表示道歉，甚至还给了她5000元作为奖励。apologizefor固定搭配，意为“为……道歉”，故填for。

6.

句意：但是陈拒绝了，因为她认为接受这笔钱是不对的，尽管她已经花光了她最后的积蓄来治疗她现在病得很重的女儿。itbe+形容词+todo，为固定句型，意为“做某事是……”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故填toaccept。

7.

句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词herdaughter，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导定语从句，故填who。

8.

句意：幸运的是，在警察局工作的马先生插手了这件事。分析句子结构可知，“whoworksatthepolicestation,”是定语从句，修饰先行词Mr.Ma，空处在主语中作谓语，描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填stepped。

9.

句意：当王铮被告知陈的情况后，他决定建立一个筹款网站来帮助陈。此处在when引导的状语从句中作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，且主语WangZheng

和动词tell是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动，主语是单数，be动词应用was，故填wastold。

10.

句意：钱很重要，但钱绝对不是一切。此处应用副词definitely作状语，修饰谓语，故填definitely。

五、阅读理解（20222023学年江苏省连云港市高一（下）期末英语试卷）"eandlook!Thegreenonionshavegrownabittaller，"Iwavedatmywife，myeyesgluedtoasmallplasticpot.

"Areyoukidding？"shereplied."Youonlyplantedtheseedsyesterday.Howcoulditbesofast？"Afteracloserlook，shemurmured，asiftoherself，"Theyhaveindeedinchedup!"

Aboutaweeklater，I"harvested"thefirstbatchofgreenonions—thefirsttimeIhadevergrowngreenonionsbymyself.Inspiredbytheunexpectedsuccess，Igrewasecondpot.Theyhavebeengrowingwell.

Thepleasantsurprisefrommy"potexperiments"esdowntoasimplepleasurefromconstantphysicalwork.

"Farming，whichenablesonetoworkbetweenheavenandEarth，canrewardonewithhugepleasure.Aspeoplecultivatetheland，theyarehavingadirectdialoguewithnaturethatcanhardlybepossibleiftheystaybehindcloseddoorsinoffices，"saidZhangXiaode，directoroftheResearchCenterforChineseRuralCivilization.

ChengMinsheng，aprofessorofhistoryandcultureatHenanUniversity，saidmanyfarmerscholarsduringtheSongDynastypiled（汇编）classicalbooksonagriculturebasedontheirlifelongexperiencesonfarms.

Arurallifenotonlyprovidedthesescholarswithnewideasbutalsoinspiredphilosophers.MartinHeidegger，oneofthegreatestphilosophersofthe20thcentury，oncecalledthecountryside"therootofphilosophy".

DuanElginsaidinhisbestsellingbookTheLivingUniversethatfarmlifebroughthim"thegiftofdeepsilence"."Irecalllyingdowninafieldoflettuce（生菜），nearlycoveredbyitsleavesandtakinginthealivenessoftheEarth，thefieldsandtheskyaboveme，"Elginsaid."Lateron，Imovedtothecity，whereIfeltadeepseparationfromthealivenessofmyfarmingdays."

WhenIlookatthesoilinmysmallplasticpots，InolongertreatitasdirtlikeIwouldinthepast.AsIwaterthesoilwithmyhands，Ifeelit'salive.1.

Howdoestheauthor'swifefeelaboutthegreenonions？______A.Satisfied.

B.Disappointed.

C.Surprised.

D.Anxious.2.

WhatbringhugepleasureaccordingtoZhangXiaode？______A.Potexperiments.

B.Farmingactivities.

C.Outdoorexercises.

D.Naturalmunications.3.

WhyareMartinHeideggerandDuanElginquoted（引用）？______A.Tointroducethefamousscholars.

B.Toindicatethebenefitsoffarmlife.

C.Toexplainthewaystogrowlettuce.

D.Tosharethepleasureofwritingbooks.4.

Whatistheauthor'sattitudetophysicalwork？______A.Negative.

B.Unclear.

C.Doubtful.

D.Supportive.【答案】C、B、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"Areyoukidding？"shereplied."Youonlyplantedtheseedsyesterday.Howcoulditbesofast？"Afteracloserlook，shemurmured，asiftoherself，"Theyhaveindeedinchedup!"（"你在开玩笑吧？"她回答说。"你昨天才种下的种子。怎么会这么快呢？"仔细一看，她喃喃自语，好像自言自语，"他们确实在一点点长高!"）可知，作者的妻子对于洋葱的生长速度感到吃惊。A．Satisfied满意的；B．Disappointed失望的；C．Surprised惊讶的；D．Anxious.故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第五段Farming，whichenablesonetoworkbetweenheavenandEarth，canrewardonewithhugepleasure.Aspeoplecultivatetheland，theyarehavingadirectdialoguewithnaturethatcanhardlybepossibleiftheystaybehindcloseddoorsinoffices，"saidZhangXiaode，directoroftheResearchCenterforChineseRuralCivilization.（"务农，能使人在天地之间劳动，能给人带来巨大的乐趣。中国农村文明研究中心主任张晓德说："当人们耕种土地时，他们正在与自然进行直接对话，如果他们关起门来在办公室里，这几乎是不可能的。"）可知，中国农村文明研究中心主任张晓德认为农业活动带来巨大的快乐。A．Pot

experiments盆栽实验；B．Farming

activities农业活动；C．Outdoor

exercises户外运动；D．Natural

munications自然通讯。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。由文章第七段中MartinHeidegger，oneofthegreatestphilosophersofthe20thcentury，oncecalledthecountryside"therootofphilosophy".（20世纪最伟大的哲学家之一马丁•海德格尔曾称乡村为"哲学之根"。）和第八段DuanElginsaidinhisbestsellingbookTheLivingUniversethatfarmlifebroughthim"thegiftofdeepsilence"."Irecalllyingdowninafieldoflettuce（生菜），nearlycoveredbyitsleavesandtakinginthealivenessoftheEarth，thefieldsandtheskyaboveme，"Elginsaid."Lateron，Imovedtothecity，whereIfeltadeepseparationfromthealivenessofmyfarmingdays.（段尔金在他的畅销书《活的宇宙》中说，农场生活给他带来了"深深沉默的礼物"。"我记得我躺在一片生菜地里，几乎被树叶覆盖，吸收了地球、田野和我头顶天空的活力，"埃尔金说。"后来，我搬到了城市，在那里我感到与农业时代的活力深深分离。"）可知，二人都认为农场生活有很多好处。A．To

introduce

the

famous

scholars介绍著名学者；B．To

indicate

the

benefits

of

farm

life表示农场生活的好处；C．To

explain

the

ways

to

grow

lettuce解释种植生菜的方法；D．To

share

the

pleasure

of

writing

books分享写书的乐趣。故选B。

（4）观点态度题。根据第四段Thepleasantsurprisefrommy"potexperiments"esdowntoasimplepleasurefromconstantphysicalwork.（从我的"盆栽实验"中得到的惊喜归结为一种简单的快乐，这来自于持续的体力劳动。）和第五段"Farming，whichenablesonetoworkbetweenheavenandEarth，canrewardonewithhugepleasure.Aspeoplecultivatetheland，theyarehavingadirectdialoguewithnaturethatcanhardlybepossibleiftheystaybehindcloseddoorsinoffices，"saidZhangXiaode，directoroftheResearchCenterforChineseRuralCivilization.（"务农，能使人在天地之间劳动，能给人带来巨大的乐趣。中国农村文明研究中心主任张晓德说："当人们耕种土地时，他们正在与自然进行直接对话，如果他们关起门来在办公室里，这几乎是不可能的。）以及最后一段WhenIlookatthesoilinmysmallplasticpots，InolongertreatitasdirtlikeIwouldinthepast.AsIwaterthesoilwithmyhands，Ifeelit'salive.（当我看着我的小塑料盆里的土壤时，我不再像过去那样把它当作泥土。当我用手浇灌土壤时，我感觉它是有生命的。）可知，作者也认为种植作物的体力劳动很有益处，作者非常支持。A．Negative消极的；B．Unclear不清楚的；C．Doubtful怀疑的；D．Supportive支持的。故选D。

六、完形填空（20222023学年湖南省邵阳市新邵县高一（下）期末英语试卷）MartinStrelknowsathingortwoaboutrivers.Hehasbeenswimminginthem（1）______hewasayoungboy.Althoughheholdsfiveworldrecordsinmarathonswimming，heisbestknownforusinghissporttoraise（2）______ofwaterpollution.Afteryearsofswimmingindirtywater，hedecidedhehadtodo（3）______.Hebegantoswimto（4）______"peace，friendshipandcleanwater".Hehopestosee（5）______lawsstrengthened.

Sofar，hehasswuminmanyoftheworld'smostfamousrivers.In2000，he（6）______toswiminEurope'ssecondlongestriver，theDanube.Heswam1，866milesin58daysand（7）______aworldrecordforlongdistanceswimming.In2002，StrelswamintheMississippiRiverand（8）______adistanceof2，360milesin68days.In2007，heswam3，274milesoftheAmazonRiverin66days.Mostofthe（9）______intheAmazonesfromharmfulchemicalsusedingoldminingandoilleaksfrom（10）______maintainedboats.Hebecameveryweakand（11）______42pounds.Inordertocontinueswimming，hehadtobecarriedinandoutofthe（12）______.

Still，Strelplansto（13）______swimmingforpeace，friendshipandcleanwater，buthewouldprefertodoitintheocean.（14）______，theworld'sriversaresimplytoodirty.He（15）______adaywheneveryonecangoswimmingincleanwater.1.

A.before

B.when

C.since

D.until2.

A.importance

B.significance

C.image

D.awareness3.

A.anything

B.something

C.nothing

D.everything4.

A.promote

B.permit

C.perform

D.perceive5.

A.political

B.economic

C.mercial

D.environmental6.

A.refused

B.failed

C.tended

D.managed7.

A.kept

B.accessed

C.held

D.set8.

A.covered

B.contained

C.expanded

D.extended9.

A.population

B.poison

C.pressure

D.pollution10.

A.well

B.poorly

C.carefully

D.instantly11.

A.gained

B.weighed

C.lost

D.got12.

A.area

B.hospital

C.lake

D.water13.

A.giveup

B.takeup

C.carryout

D.keepon14.

A.Firstofall

B.Atlast

C.Afterall

D.What'smore15.

A.dreamsof

B.callsfor

C.opensup

D.putsforward【答案】C、D、B、A、D、D、D、A、D、B、C、B、D、C、A【解析】（1）C．考查连词及语境理解。A.before在……之前；B.when当……时候；C.since自从；D.until直到。句意：他从小就在里面游泳。引导时间状语从句，表示"自从"应用since。故选C。

（2）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.importance价值；B.significance重要性；C.image图像；D.awareness意识。句意：尽管他在马拉松游泳比赛中保持了五项世界纪录，但他最出名的是利用这项运动提高人们对水污染的意识。根据后文"ofwaterpollution"指提高对水污染的意识，应用awareness。故选D。

（3）B．考查不定代词及语境理解。A.anything任何事；B.something某事；C.nothing没有什么；D.everything一切。句意：在经历了多年在脏水里游泳之后，他决定要做点什么。根据上文"hedecidedhehadtodo"可知指为改善水污染做点什么，应用dosomething。故选B。

（4）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.promote促进，推动；B.permit允许；C.perform表演；D.perceive察觉。句意：他开始游泳，来推动"和平、友谊和清洁的水的理念"。根据后文"peace，friendshipandcleanwater."指通过游泳，来促进"和平、友谊和清洁的水"的理念，应用promote。故选A。

（5）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.political政治的；B.economic经济的；Cmercial商业的；D.environmental环境的。句意：他希望看到环境法得到加强。