河南省豫南五市2023届高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷(含答案)

河南省豫南五市2023届高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷

学校：姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

Winterhikesbringtheirownchallengesandrewardsfortheadventurouswalker.From

RomanruinstotheWelsh3000s,weexplorethebestwinterhikesintheUK.

GreatGable,LakeDistrict

Thisisoneofthemostpopularandwell-lovedLakelandfellswith360~degree

PanOramiC(全景的)views.Thismountainstandstallat899m,andtherearemanydifferent

routesuptothesummit,dependingonhowmuchofachallengeyouwant.

Thisisanamazinghikeinwinteryconditions,butneverunderestimatehowquicklythe

weathercanchange.Makesureyouhaveplentyoflayers,andaflaskofyourfavouritewarm

drinktoenjoyatthesummitwhileyoutakeintheviews.

Estimatedwalktime:4hours

Length:6.1km

Difficulty:Challenging

YGarnviaEastRidge,Snowdonia

YGarnisoneofthe15mountainsthatareover3000fttallinWales.

PartoftheWelsh3000s,thisisafabhikeforbeginnersorsolohikerswithastraight

forwardpath.TherouteisflatforthefirsthalfamileuptoLlynIdwaltarn,andonceyou

reachthesummit,youhaveincredibleviewsoverOgwenValley.

TheviewsareincrediblelookingovertoTryfanandtheOgwenValley,makingitwell

worththeclimb.

Estimatedwalktime:3hours50minutes

Length:7.6km

Difficulty:Moderatetochallenging

MamTorviaGreatRidge9PeakDistrict

MamTor(MotherHill)standsat517m,situatedinthePeakDistrictwithinthevillageof

Castleton.Thispopularwalkisgreatforsolohikerswithanobviouspath,andtherouteis

usuallybusy,sotherearealwayspeopleabout.

ItboastsamazingviewsofWinnatsPass-afamousLimestoneGorgewithanen-tranceto

SpeedwellCavern.

Estimatedwalktime:4hours

Length:12.9km,

Difficulty:Moderate

PenYGhent,YorkshireDales

ThisisthesmallestoftheYorkshireThreePeaksfoundinHortoninRibblesdaleinthe

Dales.Thispopularhikeisanothergreatoneforsolohikerswithawell-ledpath.

Thereisagreatwindbreakatthetoptositandtakeintheviews.

Thereisanoptiontotaketheeasierpathwithagradualinclinetothesummitorthered

route,whichismorechallenging.

Estimatedwalktime:3hours40minutes

Length:10.5km

Difficulty:Moderatetochallenging,dependingontheroute

1、WhatisrequiredofhikerstoprepareforthewinterGreatGablehike?

A.Outdoorflashlight.B.Compass.

C.Adequateclothes.D.First-aidkit.

2、WhatdoMamTorviaGreatRidgeandPenYGhenthikinghaveincommon?

A.Nopreviousexperienceisneeded.B.Thedifficultylevelischallenging.

C.Thehikeisperfectforsolohikers.D.Therouteisalwaysbusyandcrowded.

3、Wherecanyoumostprobablyfindthepassage?

A.Asciencejournal.B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Afashionmagazine.D.Ahealthwebsite.

Thisparagraphisnotordinary.Lookatit.Atfirst,itwon,tlooktooodd.Justanor-mal

paragraph,youmaythink.Butlookatitagainandyoumightfinditabitunusual.Justatiny

bit.What,swrongwithit,youmayask.Nothingwrongatall,infact.Looka-gain.Is

anythingnotright?Canyouspotit?Isanythingmissing?

Whatyou,vejustreadisaIipogram——atextwrittenwithoutusingaparticularletterofthe

alphabet.It'sthehardestkindofIipogram,asitdoesn'tcontaintheletterE-themostcommon

letterinEnglishlanguage.NowimaginethetaskfacedbytheFrenchwriterGeorgesPerec,

whenafriendchallengedhimtowriteawholenovelwithoutusingE—aletterthatiseven

morecommoninFrenchthaninEnglish.

Perecwasfrighteninglyclever.HewrotecrosswordpuzzlesforParismagazines.Hehad

alreadywrittena5,000wordpalindrome一atextthatreadsthesameforwardsandbackwards,

likethewell-knownςAman,aplan,acanal-Panama,.Buthisfriendsthoughtthatthistask

wouldbebeyondhim.

Hetookupthechallenge.Hewasunabletousemorethan70percentofthewordsinthe

Frenchlanguage.Surelyenoughtokillanywriter'sabilitytocreate.Butonthecontrary,he

discoveredthatthisimpossibleruleunlockedhisimagination.Helaterclaimedthathewrote

hisnovelfasterthananyofhisotherbooks.TheresultwasLaDisparition,asurrealdetective

storyaboutthemysteriousdisappearanceofacharacternamedAVowl.（Getit?）TheonlyEs

werethefourinhisnameonthecover.

4、WhatcanweknowaboutaIipogram?

A.ItisatextwrittenwithoutusingaparticularletterE.

B.AtextwithoutusingEintheFrenchlanguageisthehardestkind.

C.Itisatextthatreadsthesameforwardsandbackwards.

D.AtextwithoutusingEintheFrenchlanguageisanewformofalphabet.

5^WhichsentencedoesNOTusetheruleofpalindrome?

A.Nursesrun.B.WasitaratIsaw?

C.Nolemons,nomelons.D.DidAnnasayasAnnadid?

6、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeGeorgesPerec?

A.Confidentbutunfortunate.B.Ambitiousandresponsible.

C.Intelligentandcreative.D.Imaginativebutstubborn.

7、WhichsentenceisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.PereccoulduseonlyfewerthanhalfthewordsintheFrenchlanguage.

B.Perec,sfriendsknewhecouldwriteanovelwithoutusingE.

C.Perecfoundtheexperiencemadehimlesscreative.

D.Theimpossibleruleheldbackhisspeedofwritinghisnovel.

HighintheSwissAlps,StMoritzmadeitsnameasaplaceforpushingtheboundariesof

wintersports.Recently,theregioncontinueditslongtraditionofexpandingthelimitsofwhat

ispossiblewithaworldrecordattempt-notonsnoworice,butonrails.Ibmarkthe175th

anniversaryofSwitzerland'sfirstrailway,arailwaycompanycreatedtheworld'slongest

passengertrain-IOOcars,2,990tonnesandalmosttwokilometerslong.

Formedof25newelectrictrains,therecord-breaking1,906-metertraintookal-mostan

hourtocoveraround25kilometersovertheimpressiveUNESCOWorldHeritageAlbula

Line,whichisfamousforitsendlessswoopingcurvesandsteepLClineS（斜坡）.Thnmountain

railwaysareregardedasgreatfeatsofengineering.The62-kilometerlinebetweenThusisand

StMoritz,aworld-renownedmasterpieceofcivilengineering,tookjustfiveyearstobuild

despiterequiring55bridgesand39tunnels.

UnlikemostSwissandEuropeanrailways,whichusethestandardgauge（标准轨总巨）

betweentherailsof1.435meters,therails,knownasRhaetischeBahnrails,arejustone

meterapart.nInordertocompletethetrain,sjourneysuccessfully,everythinghastobe

perfect.Weneedtobe100%SynChroniZed（同步的）,everysecond.Everyonehastokeep

theirspeedandothersystemsundercontrolatalltimes,"leaddriverAndreasKramersaid.

,'WeneedtoknowtheAlbulaLineverywell,everychangeofgradient,andeveryincline.,,

ThemountainousSwisslandscapehasencouragedcreativetransportationsolutionsfor

generations,resultinginoneofthemosttrain一reliantnationsintheworld.Onaver-age,

Swisscitizenstravelabout2,450kilometersbytrainannually一anestimatedquarteroftheir

totaltransportationsystem.In2021,SwissFederalRailwaysoperated11,260trainscarrying

880,000passengersand185,000tonnesofgoodsperdayona3,265kilometer-longnetwork

with804stations.Therefore,thesuccessfulrecordattemptwillbegreatforthelocalareaand

forthecountryasawhole.

8、Whyistheworld'slongestpassengertraincreated?

A.Tosatisfypeople,sincreasingdemandfortransportation.

B.Tocelebratethe175thyearofSwissfirstrailway.

C.ToencouragepeopletopayattentiontoSwisswintersports.

D.ToattractmorevisitorstoappreciatethebeautyofStMoritz.

9、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"feats”probablymeaninparagraph2?

A.Achievements.B.Competitions.C.Difficulties.D.Expectations.

10、WhatdoesAndreasKramerthinkofthedrivers*work?

A.Boringbutwell-paid.B.Impressiveanddifficult.

C.Demandingandchallenging.D.Dangerousbutrewarding.

11、WhatcanbeIeamtfromthefiguresinthelastparagraph?

A.TourismincreasinglygainspopularityamongSwisscitizens.

B.Constructingtheworld,slongesttrainhasproventobedifficult.

C.ThesuccessfulrecordattempthasgreatsignificanceforSwitzerland.

D.ThedevelopmentofgreentransportationisanimportantgrowingtrendinSwitzerland.

Nuclearbombs.That,sthego一toanswerforincomingspaceobjectslikeasteroids（小行星）

andcometsasfarasHollywoodisconcerned.MovieslikeDeepImpactandArmageddon

relyonnuclearweapons,deliveredbystarslikeBruceWillis,tosavetheworldanddeliver

thedrama.

Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-coming

spacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingit

offcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.

ThatsjustwhatNASAdidonMondayevening,whenaspacecraftheadedstraightintoan

asteroidcalledDimorphos,whichisaround7millionmilesawayandposesnothreattoEarth.

It,sabout525feetacrossandorbitsanotherlargerasteroid.

InimagesStreamed(传输)asthecrashneared,theegg一shapedasteroidgrewinsizefrom

alittlespotonscreentohaveitsfullrockysurfacecomequicklyintofocusbeforethesignal

wentdeadasthecrafthitrightontarget.

Eventshappenedexactlyasengineershadplanned,theysaid,withnothinggoingwrong.

“Asfiaraswecantell,ourfirstplanetarydefensetestwasasuccess,,,saidElenaAdams,the

missionsystemsengineer,whoaddedthatscientistslookedonwith,,bothterrorandjoy"as

thespacecraftneareditsfinaldestination.

ThecrashwasthepeakofNASA'sDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTest(DART),a7-yearand

morethan$300millioneffortwhichlaunchedaspacevehicleinNovemberof2021to

performhumanity,sfirstevertestofplanetarydefensetechnology.Itwillbeabouttwo

months,scientistssaid,beforetheywillbeabletodetermineifthecrashwasenoughtodrive

theasteroidslightlyoffcourse,probablyshorteningitsoriginalorbit.

NASAplanstolaunchanasteroid一huntingspacetelescopenamedNEOSurveyorin2026.

"We,vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythelargeronesthatcouldcauseextinction一

levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreatenEarth.Butmanyasteroidsthesiteof

Dimoiphoshaven,tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecouldpotentiallytakeoutacityifthey

camecrashingdown.πexplainsLindleyJohnson.NASA,sPlanetaryDefenseOfficer.

12、Whydoestheauthormentionthemovies?

A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Toprovidetheevidence.D.lbmakeanadvertisement.

13、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.NEOSurveyorhastrackedlotsofspacerocks.

B.NASApushedDimorphosbycrashing.

C.Dimorphoscouldcauseextinction-levelevents.

D.Scientistshaverecordedthewholecrashprocesswithatelescope.

14、WhichismostpossiblyLindleyJohnson,sviewaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.LargerasteroidswillnotbeathreattoEarth.

B.AsteroidslikeDimorphosaremoredestructivethanotherlargerones.

C.NEOSurveyormaybeexpectedtodiscoverasteroidsthesizeofDimorphos.

D.NASAshouldshouldertheresponsibilityforthecrash.

15、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Theimpactofplanetarydefensetechnology.

B.AthreattoEarthfromasteroids.

C.Thecontributiontospacesafety.

D.Acrashwithasmallspacecraft.

二、七选五

16、Since2011,peoplearoundtheworldhavebeencelebratingWorldIntrovertDayon

January2.Thewordintroverteddescribesapersonalitytype.①Theyarelikelytofeel

exhaustedbyenvironmentsthatarehighlysimulatingandmayoftenneedtogotoaquiet

placetorecharge.

WorldIntrovertDaybeganwithablogpostfromGermanpsychologistFelicitasHeyne.

Shesuggestedthatintrovertsareoftenmisunderstoodandtheirmentalhealthsuffersbecause

popularcultureisdominatedbyextroverts.HerideawastocelebrateWorldIntrovertDayto

raiseawarenessofthesocialchallengesthatintrovertsface.②

Therearemanyfamousintrovertsinartandscience,suchasAlbertEinstein,Charles

Darwin,,andJ.K.Rowling.Itisbelievedthatmanyintrovertshaveagreatabilitytofocus

andstrongpowerofimagination.

③Extrovertsloveconnectingwithotherpeople,workwellingroups,andare

usuallyveryconfident.Whenintrovertsdon,tfitintogroupsofextrovertstheymaybeseen

ascold,uninterested,orshy.Popularculturetellsusthatitisimportanttonetwork,socialize,

andcommunicate,butallofthiscanmakeintrovertsfeeluncomfortable.

Scientistsarestudyingwhatcausessomeonetobeanintrovertoranextrovert.Recent

studiesshowthatgenesareafactor,andmostpeopleseemtobebornwithonepersonalityor

theother.(4)Thebrainofanintrovertcanresponddramaticallytoaverymildstimulus,

butthebrainofanextroverttendstoneedastrongerstimulustohavethesamereaction.

Ourenvironmentandexperiencesalsoinfluencewhetherweareintrovertedorextroverted.

Thetermambivertdescribessomeonewhoisrightinthemiddle.⑤

A.Theoppositeofanintrovertiscalledanextrovert.

B.Introvertedpeopledon'trequirealotofsocialcontact,andtheyenjoyspendingtimealone.

C.Introvertedpeopleareknowntolivewithuniquechallengesandgift.

D.Whateverpersonalitytypewehave,wecancelebrateourdifferencesandlearnfromeach

other.

E.Itwouldalsocelebratethecontributionsofintrovertsthroughouthistory.

F.Partofwhatmakesusintrovertedorextrovertedishowourbrainsrespondtotheworld

aroundus.

G.Extrovertsareeasilyaccessibleandunderstandable.

三、完形填空（20空）

Istillremembermyfather,ssheepishexpressionatbreakfastthemorningafterhe,dbeen

invitedtohavedinneratacolleague,shouse.1arrivinginBrazil,backinthedarkages,

he'd2hishostsbymakingahandgesturewhichhehadalwaysunderstoodtomean"OK”,

butinBrazil,itmeantsomethingquite3.

4,he,draisedhisfingerstohis5andmadeakissingsound,whichagain,hemeant

asawayof6thatsomething-inthiscasethemealhe,djustbeenaskedto7-was

delicious.

Thefauxpas（失态,失礼）was8forgotten.Myfather,scolleagueandhiswife

understoodheprobablywasn,tyet9ofthelocalmeaningofthegesture.Iwas10of

thismomentmyselfafewmonthsintomystayinChina.After11acolleague'sWeChat

messagewithaVanGoghstickerthatIthoughtmeant"keepfighting",asecondcolleague

appeared.

nTheChineseversionisabitdifferent,"shesaid,takingoutherphone."Seethese12?u

"Theymean,Iwillhityou,.π

Needlesstosay,Ididn,tusethat13VanGoghagain.

Lifeisfullof14meanings.Wegenerallyunderstandthatevenifitstings,amistakeis

onlyaninsultwhenitis15.Yetaswelookaround,muchfrictionoriginatesfrom16,

andhistoryisfullofthe17outcomesofcrossedcommunication.

Myfather,sfauxpaswas18becauseofcontext-hehadjustarrived,hecouldnotknow,

anditdidn,tmakesensethathe'dbeoffensivebydesign.Butwhen19ismissingor

differentlyunderstood-perhapsitistimeWeallthinktwicebeforetypingortalking,

especiallywhentheconsequencescanbemuch20thanthemisuseofaWeChatsticker.

17、A.GraduallyB.FreshlyC-EventuallyD.Originally

18、A.offendedB.annoyedC.frightenedD.defeated

19、A.essentialB.seriousC.differentD.virtual

20、A.InfactB.AsaresultC.AfterallD.Evenworse

21、A.lipsB.eyesC.headD.knees

22>A.permittingBJndicatingC.advocatingD.sharing

23A.gothroughB.reflectionC.commentonD.referto

24、A.occasionallyB.randomlyC.purelyD.swiftly

25、A.bearableB.awareC.confidentD.generous

26、A.accusedB.remindedC.informedD.convinced

27>A.replyingtoB.callingforC.searchingforD.turningdown

28、A.programmesB.miraclesC.charactersD.impacts

29、A.particularB.criticalC.motionlessD.splendid

30、A.simpleB.identicalC.flexibleD.crossed

31、A.exceptionalB.deliberateC.delicateD.vivid

32、A.hesitationB.opportunityC.misunderstandingDxompetition

33、A.unlikelyB.irregularC.illegalD.unfortunate

34、A.forgivenB.deliveredC.hiddenD.remembered

35、A.virtueBloleranceC.contextDxontradiction

36、A.betterB.saferC.funnierD.severer

四、语法填空

37、AfterEmperorKangxidecidedtobuild①summerresortherein1703,

ChengdebecamethesecondpoliticalcenteroftheQingDynasty,anditwasalsotheplace

wheretheemperorsreceivedforeignguests,avoidedsummerheatandhunted.

②(construct)throughoutthe18thcentury,theMountainResortwasusedbysome

emperorsoftheQingDynasty.Duringthereign(统治)ofEmperorYongzheng,thecityRehe

wascalledChengdeforthefirsttime,anditreachedits(3)(high)inthereignof

EmperorQianlong.

TheMoutainResortandEightOuterTemples④(list)amongtheWorldCultural

Heritagesitesin1994,andtheyhavecontributedtowardsthecitybeingoneofthefamous

citiesintheworld.

AlittlefurtherupnorthofChengdeliesanotherjewelofthecity——thenaturalhotsprings.

It,snowonderthatinQingDynastyChengdewascalledRehe,whichliterallytranslates⑤

πhotriver".Thehotsprings⑥(contain)about43kindsofmineralsare⑦

(benefit)tothehumanbody.

InthesouthwestofChengde,thereisawonderland,⑧(specific)forartistsandspace

lovers.It,salsohometooneoftheworld'sbiggesttelescopesknownasLAMOST,through

⑨youcanobservemorethan4000starsatonetime.

Whetheryouhaveacreativespirit,ascientificmind⑩aresimplylookingfora

soul-cleansinggetaway,Chengdeisaperfectplaceforyou.

五、短文改错

38、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或

修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Beingcaughtinafloodisincredibledangerous.Likemanyothernaturaldisaster,floods

canoccurwithlittleandnowarning.Flashfloodsareknowntoriptreesouttheground,

destroybuildingsandcausebridgestocollapse.However,theflooditselfisn'tanonlyissue

todealwithit.Theaftermath（后果）canbedeadly,soitmaynotbepossibletodeliver

essentialsuppliessuchaswaterandfoodtothedisasterareas.Sowhatshouldwedotosave

us?Avoidpassingthroughbridgesthatcrossesrapidly-movingwater,asflashfloodscan

causebridgestocollapse.Iftrapwithinafloodingbuilding,movetothehighestfloor.Only

movetotheroofifnecessary.

六、书面表达

39、为了让学生近距离接近大自然,上周六你们班组织了一次春游踏青活动,请你写一篇

文章报道此次活动，

内容包括：

1.具体的活动安排；

2.活动的意义；

3.你的感受。

注意：

L词数不少于100字；

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

参考答案

1、答案：C

解析：徒步旅行者要为冬季GreatGable徒步旅行准备什么?A.户外电筒。B.指南针。C.

充足的衣服。D.急救箱。根据GreatGable,LakeDiStriCt部分第二段中"Makesureyou

haveplentyoflayers,andaflaskofyourfavouritewarmdrinktoenjoyatthesummitwhile

youtakeintheVieWS.（确保你有足够的衣服,还有一瓶你最喜欢的热饮,可以在山顶欣赏风

景时享用。）"可知,需要充足的衣服。故选C。

2、答案：C

解析：MamTorviaGreatRidge⅛PenYGhent徒步旅行有什么共同点?A.不需要先前的

经验。B.困难级别是有挑战性的。C.这些徒步旅行对单独徒步旅行者是完美的。D.路

线经常繁忙拥挤。根据MamTorviaGreatRidge,PeakDistrict部分第一段中"This

popularwalkisgreatforsolohikerswithanobviouspath,andtherouteisusuallybusy,so

therearealwayspeopleabout.（这条受欢迎的步道非常适合独自徒步旅行的人,因为路径

很明显,而且这条路线通常很繁忙,所以周围总是有人。）"与PenYGhent.YorkshireDales

部分第一段中"Thispopularhikeisanothergreatoneforsolohikerswithawell-ledpath.（这

个受欢迎的徒步旅行有很好的指引道路,是另一个很好的独自徒步者的路线。）”可知,它

们的共同点是适合单独徒步旅行者。故选C。

3、答案：B

解析：你最可能在哪里找到这篇文章?A.科学杂志。B.旅行手册。C.时尚杂志。D.健康

网站。根据第一段Winterhikesbringtheirownchallengesandrewardsfortheadventurous

walker.FromRomanruinstotheWelsh3000s,weexplorethebestwinterhikesinthe

UK.（冬季徒步旅行给爱冒险的步行者带来了挑战和回报。从罗马遗址到威尔士3000年

代,我们探索英国最好的冬季徒步旅行。）并结合全文可知,文章主要介绍了英国冬季的

三个适合徒步旅行的地方,由此可推知,本文的出处是旅行手册。故选B0

4、答案：B

5、答案：C

6、答案：C

7、答案：A

8、答案：B

9、答案：A

10、答案：C

11、答案：C

12、答案：B

解析：推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“Nuclearbombs.That'sthegotoanswerfor

incomingspaceobjectslikeasteroids（小行星）andcometsasfarasHollywoodis

ConCerned.（核弹。就好莱坞而言,这是小行星和彗星等即将到来的太空物体的最佳答

案。）”可知,作者提到电影是为了介绍主题,故选B。

13、答案：B

解析：推理判断题。文章第二段讲到"Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,if

astronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbe

somethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmall

SPaCeCraft∙（但行星防御专家表示,事实上,如果天文学家发现了一块即将到来的危险太空

岩石,最安全、最好的答案可能是更微妙的事情,比如用一艘小型航天器将其撞击,使其

偏离轨道。）"可知,我们能从文章中推断出美国国家航空航天局通过撞击推动了

DimorPhOS,故选B。

14、答案：C

解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段讲至『‘We'vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythe

largeronesthatcouldcauseextinction—levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreaten

Earth.ButmanyasteroidsthesiteofDimorphoshaven'tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecould

potentiallytakeoutacityiftheycamecrashingdown."（我们已经追踪到了许多太空岩石,

尤其是那些可能引发爆炸级事件的较大岩石。幸运的是,目前没有一颗威胁地球。但许

多Dimorphos大小的小行星尚未被发现,如果它们坠落,可能会摧毁一座城市。）可知,根

据最后一段LindleyJohnson的观点最有可能是近地天体勘测者可能会发现DimOrPhoS

大小的小行星,故选C。

15、答案：D

解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了美国国家航空和宇宙航行局（NASA）的行星防御专

家实施的行星防御测试,利用小型航天器与一块即将到来的危险太空岩石撞击,使太空岩

石偏离轨道。文章第二段讲到"Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomers

spottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomething

moresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallSPaCeCraft.（但行星

防御专家表示,事实上,如果天文学家发现了一块即将到来的危险太空岩石,最安全、最

好的答案可能是更微妙的事情,比如用一艘小型航天器将其撞击,使其偏离轨道。）”可知,

这篇文章最好的标题是与一艘小型航天器的相撞,故选D。

16、答案：EDAGF

17、答案：B

18、答案：A

19、答案:C

20、答案：D

21、答案：A

22、答案:B

23、答案：C

24、答案：D

25、答案:B

26、答案：B

27、答案：A

28、答案：C

29、答案：A

30、答案：D

31、答案：B

32、答案：C

33、答案：D

34、答案：A

35、答案：C

36、答案：D

37、答案：①a②COnStrUCted③height④WereIiSted⑤as⑥COntaining⑦beneficial⑧

SPeeifiCalIy⑨WhiCh⑩Or

解析：①句意:当康熙皇帝1703年决定在此建造一个避暑胜地后,承德成为了清朝的第

二政治中心,也是皇帝接待外宾,避暑和狩猎的地方。结合空后的名词短语summer

resort（避暑胜地,summer以辅音音素开头,可数名词单数形式resort度假胜地）,可知不定

冠词a（一个,位于以辅音音素开头单词前,修饰可数名词单数,表示泛指）符合题意,builda

SUmmerreSOrt,表示建造一个避暑胜地。故答案为a。

②根据句中已有谓语wasUSed（被使用,一般过去时态的被动语态）,结合逻辑主语the

Mountainresort（避暑山庄）与所给COnStrUCt（动词,建造）为被动关系,可知非谓语一过去分

词ConStrUCted（表示被动关系）符合题意,表示建造这座避暑山庄贯穿整个18世纪,供清

朝的一些皇帝使用。句首字母大写,故答案为COnStrUCted。

③根据空前的形容词性物主代词its（它的,可修饰名词）,结合所给high（可作形容词或副

词,高的）,可知height（不可数名词,高度）符合题意,表示在乾隆统治时期达到了它的高

度。故答案为height。

④根据时间状语in1994（在1994年,说明发生过的事情,用一般过去时态）,结合复数主语

TheMountainResortandEightOuterTemPIeS（避暑山庄和外八庙）与所给list（动词,列出；

将...列为）为被动关系,可知wereIiSted（一般过去时态的被动语态,were对应复数主

语,listed为动词IiSt过去分词）符合题意,表示避暑山庄和外八庙在1994年被列为世界历

史文化遗址。故答案为wereIisted0

⑤根据which引导的定语从句中谓语translated动词translate第三人称单数形式,一般现

在时态,相关搭配translateas,翻译为）和空后的名词短语hotriver（热河）,可知介词as（作为）

符合题意,表示按照字面意思翻译成“热河”。故答案为as15

⑥根据句中系动词are（一般现在时态,对应复数主语）,结合逻辑主语ThehotSPringS（温泉,

也是本句主语）与所给COntain（动词,包含）为主动关系,可知非谓语一现在分词

Containing（表示主动关系）符合题意,表示含有约43中矿物质的温泉对人的身体有益。故

答案为Containingo

⑦根据句中系动词are（一般现在时态,对应复数主语,后常加形容词作表语）,结合所给

benefit（可作动词,有益于,可作名词,好处;益处,相关搭配bebeneficialto对...有益）,可知

beneficial（形容词,有益的,作表语）符合题意,表示含有约43中矿物质的温泉对人的身体

有益。故答案为beneficial。

⑧