2021上半年教师资格考试初中英语真题及答案

试卷科目：教师资格考试初中英语2021上半年教师资格考试初中英语真题及答案PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber/SECTIONPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages2021上半年教师资格考试初中英语真题及答案第1部分：单项选择题，共19题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。[单选题]1.WhichofthefollowingshowstheproperpronunciationoftheEnglishconsonantcluster?spl?intheword?splash??A)[səpl]B)[spəl]C)[spl]D)[səpəl]答案:C解析:本题考查语音学。splash中spl的发音为/spl/，故本题选C。[单选题]2.TheEnglishphonemes/u:/and/u/differin______.A)lengthandliproundingB)liproundingC)lengthandtonguepositionD)tongueposition答案:A解析:本题考查语音学。/u:/和/u/的发音区别第一点在于前者是长音，后者是短音；第二点在于两个音都是圆唇音，但是后者嘴型更小一些，故本题选A。[单选题]3.TheArcticwolfisclearlyavery______animal,foritisabletosurvivesubzerotemperatures,longperiodsofdarkness,anddayswithoutfood.A)ferociousB)hardyC)aggressiveD)docile答案:B解析:本题考查形容词辨析。句意：北极狼显然是一种非常耐寒的动物，因为它能够在零度以下的温度、长时间的黑暗和没有食物的日子里生存。ferocious意为?残忍的?；hardy意为?适应力强的，耐寒的?；aggressive意为?好斗的?；docile意为?温顺的?。根据句意可知B项符合句意。故本题选B。[单选题]4.Itiscommonlybelievedthatsolarpowerisanenvironmentally______technology,operatingwithessentiallynoemissions.A)benignB)capriciousC)culpableD)detrimental答案:A解析:本题考查形容词辨析。句意：人们普遍认为，太阳能是一种对环境无害的技术，基本上没有排放物。benign意为?良性的，没有危害的?；capricious意为?行为和态度反复无常的?；culpable意为?有罪的?；detrimental意为?有害的?。根据题干中的noemissions可知，此处填积极性的词汇，A项符合句意。故本题选A[单选题]5.ItissaidthatMetis,theinnermost______ofJupiter,completesafullrevolutionaroundthisgiantplanetwithinsevenhours.A)cometB)meteorC)galaxyD)constellation答案:D解析:本题考查名词辨析。句意：据说，梅第星是木星最里面的卫星，它完成一圈完整公转要7个小时。comet意为?彗星?；meteor意为?流星?；galaxy意为?银河系?；constellation意为?星座?，符合题意，故本题选D。[单选题]6.In1840,bothLucretianMottandElizabethCadyStantonresented______properseatingattheworldAnti-slaveryconventioninLondonbecauseoftheirsex.A)tobedeniedB)havingdeniedC)beingdeniedD)todeny答案:C解析:本题考查非谓语动词。句意：1840年，卢克瑞蒂安·莫特和伊丽莎白·凯迪·斯坦顿都对因性别问题在伦敦举行的世界反奴隶制大会上被剥夺正确的席位感到愤慨。resent后接名词或动名词作宾语，排除A项和D项，根据句意的要求，应使用动名词的被动语态形式，故本题选C。[单选题]7.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,______infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.A)whenB)whereC)whichD)while答案:D解析:本题考查状语从句。句意：她认为我在讨论她的女儿，实际上我在讨论我的女儿，表达一种对比关系，故本题选D。[单选题]8.Themaindifferencebetweenthetwowordschildlikeandchildishliesin______.A)emotivemeaningB)stylisticmeaningC)metaphoricalmeaningD)collocativemeaning答案:A解析:本题考查语义学。句意：childish和childlike两词的主要区别在于情感差异。childish表示像孩子一样（幼稚的），表示否定，贬低某人；而childlike表示像孩子一般（天真的），是对他人的一种肯定。因此这两个选项是情感上有所差异，故本题选A。[单选题]9.Whichofthefollowingdescribesthelanguagephenomenonthatabilingualspeakerusestwolanguagesalternativelyinthesameconversation?A)Addressforms.B)Ethnicdialect.C)Registervarieties.D)Code-switching.答案:D解析:本题考查社会语言学。句意：以下哪项描述了双语者在同一会话中交替使用两种语言的语言现象？Addressforms指的是称呼语的变化，如李老师是我的父亲，在学校里或会议上这种正式的场合，我称呼他为ProfessorLi或Mr.Li，但在家，我称呼他为Dad或Daddy，这种称呼语上的变化，实质上是由于话语情景发生的变化而导致的，属于语域变化引起的变化；Ethnicdialect指的是种族方言；Registervarieties指的是语域变体；Code-switching指的是语码转换；语码转换是指在同一词对话或交谈中使用两种甚至多种语言或语言变体的现象、符合题干的要求。故本题选D。[单选题]10.Problemsolvingactivities,roleplay,informationgap,etc.aretypicalclassroomactivitiesof______.A)theDirectMethodB)TotalPhysicalResponseC)theAudiolingualMethodD)CommunicativeLanguageTeaching答案:D解析:本题考查交际法。A项意为?直接法?；B项意为?全身反应法?；C项意为?视听法?；D项意为?交际法?。题干中?解决问题的活动??角色扮演??信息沟?等活动均属于训练学生交际能力的活动，属于交际法。故本题选D。[单选题]11.TheultimategoalofmiddleschoolEnglishteachingandlearningisto______.A)enhancecertainbasiclanguageknowledgeB)developintegrativeabilitiesinlanguageuseC)increaselearners?interestinstudyingEnglishD)fosterlistening,speaking,readingandwritingskills答案:B解析:本题考查《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》课程目标。A项意为?提高一定的语言基础知识?；B项意为?形成综合语言运用能力?；C项意为?增强学习者学习英语的兴趣?；D项意为?培养听、说、读、写四项技能?。《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》指出：义务教育阶段英语课程的总目标是：通过英语学习使学生形成初步的综合语言运用能力，促进心智发展，提高综合人文素养。故本题选B。[单选题]12.Whenateachersays,?Isthissentenceright??,he/shemaybedoingallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.A)givingstudentsfeedbackB)elicitingstudents?responsesC)invitingstudents?judgmentsD)correctingamistakeexplicitly答案:D解析:本题考查英语教学实施与评价。句意：当老师说?这个句子是对的吗？?，他可能正在做以下所有的事情，除了______。A项意为?给学生反馈?；B项意为?激发学生的反应?；C项意为?邀请学生评判?；D项意为?明确地纠正错误?。题干中老师用一个反问句来进行间接纠错，所以D项中的explicitly错误。故本题选D。[单选题]13.Inaprocess-basedwritingclass,afterstudentshavefinisheddrafting,theirteacherwouldmostprobablyhavethem______.A)edittheirdraftB)dobrainstormingonthetopicC)analyzethetopicD)learnusefulwordsandexpressions答案:A解析:本题考查写作教学。句意：在基于过程的写作课上，当学生写完草稿后，他们的老师很可能会要求他们______。A项意为?校订草稿?；B项意为?针对主题做头脑风暴?；C项意为?分析主题?；D项意为?学习有用的词汇和表达?。B项、C项和D项均属于写前的活动，学生写完草稿后，应该检查修订草稿。故本题选A。[单选题]14.WhichofthefollowingactivitiesisNOTappropriatefordevelopingstudents?awarenessofdiscoursecoherence?A)Writingaconclusionforapassage.B)Underliningthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.C)Changingsentencesfromactiveformsintopassiveones.D)Arrangingallthesentencestoproduceameaningfulpassage.答案:C解析:本题考查语篇教学。题干问的是哪一项不适合用来培养学生语篇连贯性的意识。A项意为?为文章写一篇总结?；B项意为?划出每一段的主题句?；C项意为?将句子的主动形式改为被动形式?；D项意为?把所有句子排列成一段有意义的文章?。C项错误，C项属于词汇层面，不属于语篇层面。故本题选C。[单选题]15.InEnglishteaching,suchmechanicalactivitiesas______maybehelpfulforteachingparticularstructures,buttheyshouldnotbeoverused.A)transformationandroleplayB)translationandword-matchingC)gap-fillingandtopicdiscussionD)memorizationandpatterndrilling答案:D解析:本题考查练习。句意：在英语教学中，像______这样的机械活动可能有助于教学特定结构，但不应过度使用。A项意为?转换和角色扮演?；B项意为?翻译和词汇匹配?；C项意为?填空和主题讨论?；D项意为?默记与句型演练?。A项中的roleplay属于交际性练习；B项中的word-matching练习的是词汇，而不是结构；C项中的topicdiscussion不属于机械活动；D项正确，默记和句型演练属于机械活动，且可以用来练习句型，D项中的pattern即对应题干中的particularstructures.故本题选D。[单选题]16.Whichofthefollowingismosteffectiveforateacherwhenstudentsdonotunderstandhowtodoanactivitythathe/shehasdescribed?A)Demonstratinghowtodoit.B)Askingstudentstotalkfreely.C)Encouragingstudentstosharetheirideas.D)Walkingaroundtheclassroomandansweringquestions.答案:A解析:本题考查英语教学实施与评价。句意：当学生不明白如何进行所描述的活动时，老师采取下列哪项措施最有效？A项意为?示范如何做?；B项意为?叫学生自由交谈?；C项意为?鼓励学生分享想法?；D项意为?在教室走动并回答问题?。根据题干可知，B项、C项和D项均不合适，当学生不明白如何进行接下来的活动时，教师应该示范。故本题选A。[单选题]17.Whichofthefollowingactivitieshasafocusongrammar?A)Readastoryandactitoutingroups.B)Readastoryandanswercomprehensionquestions.C)Readastoryandunderlinethemostdifficultsentences.D)Readastoryandanalyzehowpasteventsaredescribed.答案:D解析:本题考查语法教学。题干问的是哪一项活动的重点是语法。A项意为?读一篇故事，并且以小组的形式演出来?；B项意为?读一篇故事，回答问题?；C项意为?读一篇故事，划出最难的句子?；D项意为?读一篇故事，分析过去的事情是如何描述的?。D项正确，D项强调的是一般过去时。故本题选D。[单选题]18.Whichofthefollowingshouldbediscouragedconcerningtheuseofinternetresources?A)Teachersdependoninternetresourcesforteachingmaterials.B)Teachersuseinternetresourcestosupplementtheirtextbooks.C)Teachersadaptinternetresourcesbeforeusingthemforlanguageinput.D)Teachersselectinternetresourcesaccordingtotheirteachingpurpose.答案:A解析:本题考查《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》实施建议。A项意为?教师依赖网络资源获取教学材料?；B项意为?教师使用网络资源作为对教材的补充?；C项意为?教师给学生使用网络资源做语言输入前对内容进行改编?；D项意为?教师根据教学目的选择网络资源?。A项错误，教师不能完全依赖网络资源来教学，要根据教学目的和学生现有水平等进行改编。故本题选A。[单选题]19.Davidtookatestandhisscorewasatthetop10percentinhisclass.Thisisaninterpretationoftheresultofa______test.A)diagnosticB)formativeC)norm-referencedD)criterion-referenced答案:C解析:本题考查英语教学实施与评价。句意：大卫参加了一次考试，他的分数在班上名列前茅。这是对______测试结果的解释。A项意为?诊断性?，指的是在课程进展一段时间之后，用以检验学生到目前为止的学习情况的一种测试方式。目的是发现教与学的问题以及学生知识与技能掌握的不足之处，以便因人而异，对症下药，调整教学计划，改进教学，和题干中的结果描述不相干；B项意为?形成性?，考试是终结性评价的其中一种形式，故不选；C项意为?常模参照性测试?，是指通过与他人考试成绩进行对比，从而对考试成绩进行评价的测试方式；D项意为?标准参照性测试?，指的是以某种特定的语言能力标准作为判别标准的测试，而不是与其他考生相比较。题干中大卫的成绩在班级前10%，需要和其他同学的成绩做对比，C项符合。故本题选C。第2部分：问答题，共4题，请在空白处填写正确答案。[问答题]20.Passage1Waitrosehasunveileditsvisionofenvironmentallyconsciousshopping,offeringcustomersthechancetobuyfoodanddrinkthatiscompletelyfreeofpackagingaspartofaground-breakingtrialforalargeretailer.Inanewdrivetotrytoeliminateunnecessaryplasticandpackaging,shopperswillbeabletofilltheirowncontainerswitharangeofproductsfromaseriesofdispensers,usingthefirstdedicatedrefillstationinstalledbyamajorUKsupermarket.InatrialstartingthisweekataWaitrosesupermarketinOxford,customersarebeinggivenrefillableoptionsforproductsincludingwineandbeer,riceandcleaningmaterials,withpricestypically15%cheaperthanthepackagedalternatives.Astandalonepickandmixrangeoffrozenfruitandaborrow-a-boxschemetohelpcarryshoppinghomeareothernewretailformatsbeingtestedbyWaitroseattheOxfordshop.Waitrosehastransformedthestorebyremovinghundredsofproductsfromtheirpackaging,althoughshopperswillstillbeabletobuythepackagedversionsiftheywish.Plasticwastehasbecomeamajorenvironmentalissue,withtelevisionprogramssuchasBluePlanetexposingitsdetrimentaleffectsontheoceans,andmediacoveragehighlightingthedangersofaglobalplasticbinge.WaitroseisamongtheUK?ssupermarketswhichhavesigneduptotheUKPlasticsPact-anindustry-wideinitiativetotransformpackagingandreduceavoidableplasticwaste.However,retailershavebeencriticizedfornotdoingmoretotackletheissueatanearlierstage.?Thistesthaspotentialtoshapehowpeoplemightshopwithusinthefuturesoitwillbefascinatingtoseewhichconceptsourcustomershaveanappetitefor,?saidWaitrose?sTorHarris.ArianaDensham,anoceanscampaignerforGreenpeaceUK,said:?ThisisagenuinelyboldstepfromWaitrosetotrialfooddispenserssocustomerscanuserefillabletubsandjars.Lotsofsupermarketsarestartingtosellloosefruitandvegetables,butthiskindofinnovationcouldsparkarefillculturethat?ssodesperatelyneededtocutplasticsinmainstreamshops.?Thetop10UKsupermarketsproduce810,000tonnesofthrowawaypackagingeachyear,soweneedtoseeothermajorretailerstakingplasticreductionseriouslyandfollowingWaitrose?slead.?Achoiceof160loosefruitandvegetableswillbeavailable,alongwithfourdifferentwinesandfourbeersontaptobetakenhomeinreusablebottlesandnearly30productsincludingpasta,rice,grains,couscous,lentils,cereals,driedfruitandseedsavailablefromdispensers.The?unpackaged?modelrelyingonrefillshasalreadybeenadoptedbysomeindependentretailers,delicatessensandfarmshopsbutthisisthefirsttimeitisbeingusedatanationalsupermarketchain.Fortheborrow-a-boxscheme,customerswillpaya£5depositwhichisrefundablewhenthecontainerisreturned.Afrozenpickandmixsectioninitiallysellingfruitsuchasblueberriesandmangowillencourageshopperstobringintheirowncontainers.答案:暂无解析:[问答题]21.写出英语课堂教学中半控制性语言练习活动的两种形式。（8分）说明其相应的活动目的；（6分）并给出相应的英语教学指令语。（6分）答案:半控制性语言练习活动形式:替换词对话(substitutiondialogue)和问答练习(askandanswer)。替换词对话(substitutiondialogue)是利用给出的图片等,让学生结合本节课的重点句型进行对话。主要目的是让学生使用目标语言替换词语完成对话。教学指令如下:T:Nowyoucanmakeadialogueaccordingtothesentencepatterninthebookandthepicturesontheblackboard.Forexample,A.Excuseme,Ican?tfindthebag(book/map).Canyouseeit?B:Yes,Ican.It?son(behind/beside)thewall(thefloor/thechair).问答练习(askandanswer)是学生根据教师的指令,两人一组进行问答练习。主要目的是让学生在问答的过程中对目的语/重点句型更加熟悉。教学指令如下:T:NowsincewehaveknowntherearefivepeopleinZhangPeng?sfamily,doyouwanttoknowhowmanypeoplethereareinyourpartner?sfamily?Youcanaskeachotherandyoucanusesentencepatternlike?Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily???Three.??Whoarethey???Myparentsandme.?解析:[问答题]22.根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。32.下面是一位八年级学生按题目要求完成的作文，满分10分。情境提示：你的美国笔友Jenny对中国的传统节日很感兴趣，请你以李华的名义给她写一封信，介绍自己和家人如何庆祝春节。要点：准备美食、全家团聚、祈盼好运、守岁看电视、穿新衣、零压岁钱、互相拜年要求：短文应包含所有要点，要点顺序可以自己安排；不少于60词。学生的作文（保留了老师评判时的标记）：DearJenny,MyparentsandIhadagoodtimethisSpringFestival.BeforetheSpringFestival,weprepareddeliciousfood,cleanedourhouseandboughtsomenewclothes.OntheeveoftheSpringFestival,mywholefamilygottogetherforabigdinner,westayedupandenjoyeddumplingsatmidnight.OnthefirstdayoftheSpringFestival,Iputonmynewclothesandgreetedmyparents.Iwasveryhappytogetluckymoney.Ienjoyedmyself.Bestwishestoyou.Yours,LiHua答案:暂无解析:[问答题]23.根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。设计任务：根据下列学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的英语语法课的教学方案，教案没有固定形式，但须包含下列要点：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教学时间：20分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学八年级（初二年级）学生，班级人数40人，多数学生已达到《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》三级水平，学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：答案:I.TeachingContentsItisagrammarclass.Itusesapassageandapieceofconversationtoshowthedifferencesamongthespecialquestionsguidedbyhow/howfar/howlong.II.TeachingObjectives(1)KnowledgeObjectives①Studentscanaskaboutwaysoftransportationwiththequestionswhichbeginwith?how/howlong/howfar?.②Studentscantellthedifferencesamongthequestionsledby?how,howlongandhowfar?.③Studentscansayandwritewordsabouttransportation,suchasbicycleandbus,andknowhowtoraisequestionsandansweraboutvehicles.(2)AbilityObjectiveStudentscanaskandanswerthewayonegetstosomeplaceandenquireaboutthetimeittakesanddistancetoit.(3)EmotionalObjectiveStudentscanlearntocareabouttheirclassmatesthroughdiscussionaboutwaysoftransportation.III.Teachingkeyanddifficultpoints(1)TeachingKeyPoint:Howtoguidestudentstomakeuseofthespecialquestionsguidedby?how/howfar/howlong?.(2)TeachingDifficultPoint:Howtohelpstudentstolearntoapplythesequestionsintoreallife.IV.TeachingProcedures:Step1:Lead-in(1minute)Theteachershowsapictureoftheirschoolandasks?Doyoulikeyourschool?Iusuallygettoschoolbybike,butsometimesonfoot.Howdoyougettoschool??【Justification:Inthisway,studentscanhaveareviewofthewordsrelatedtotransportation.】Step2:Presentation(6minutes)(1)StudentsareaskedtoreadtheshortpassageaboutLiFeiandfinishthefollowingform.(2)Theteacherunderlinesthethreequestionsledbyhow.Askstudentstoworkingroupsoffourtocomparetheanswersofthesethree?how-?questionsandtrytofigureoutthedifferencesamongthesequestionsinmeaningandusage.Then,theteacherinvitesseveralstudentstosharethediscussingresultoftheirgroup.(3)Theteachermakessomesupplementsandstressesthewaytoanswerthesethreequestionsseparately.【Justification:Inductivemethodcanhelpstudentsunderstandtheusageofhow/howfar/howlongsystematically.Groupworkcanenhancestudents?criticalthinkingabilityandhelpthemformthehabitofsolvingproblemswithingroups.】Step3:Practice(5minutes)(1)Studentsworkinpairstopracticetheconversationin3b.Whilepracticing,theycanchangethetransportation,timeanddistanceaccordingtothepicturesontheleft.Then,theteacheraskssomepairstoshowtheirdialogues.(2)Studentsworkinpairstotalkabouttheirownwaystocometoschool.Theycanaskeachotherwiththe?how?questionstheyhavelearnedinthislessonandmeanwhile,theycanasksomedetailsabouttheirpartner?sdailylife.【Justification:Studentsusetheconversationin3btogetfurtherfamiliarw