2024年中考英语复习被动语态课件

被动语态TomcatchesJerry.JerryiscaughtbyTom.一个内容两种说法从动作发出者角度从动作承受者角度主动说法被动说法主动语态被动语态选择哪一种呢？关键看强调的对象及运用角度TomcatchesJerry.动作的发出者主动语态动作动作的承受者JerryiscaughtbyTom动作的承受者被动语态动作动作的发出者被动语态的基本形式观察下列被动语态的句子，圈出表示被动含义的谓语部分1.Thetreesareplantedbythevolunteers.2.Disneylandisenjoyedbymillionsofpeople

fromallovertheworld.基本形式：be+及物动词（组）的过去分词3.Chineseisspokenbypeopleallovertheworld.4.Thechildrenaretakengoodcareofbytheirgrandma.有些相当于及物动词的短语词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可用于被动语态,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开不及物动词没有被动语态,但不及物动词+介词/副词可以构成及物动词短语,变被动语态时介词和副词不要丢掉.

1.Johnturnedontheradio.Theradiowasturnedon.2.Grandma

takescareof

mysister.Mysister

istakencareof

by

Grandma.3.Wemustspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.Oldpeoplemustbespokentopolitely.短语动词是整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词！lookforlookaftertakecareofhandinlaughatspeaktobelookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbehandedinbelaughedatbespokento

主动

被动短语动词是整体，不要丢掉后面的介词或副词哦！Tom

catchesJerry

主动被动Jerry

iscaught

by

TomS

VO动作发出者动作动作承受者动作承受者动作动作发出者步骤：1：换

2：改3：加by（有时也会省略）

4：补（有状语时）小试牛刀1.TheyplayfootballonSunday.2.Lucydoesthehomeworkinthemorning.3.They

playthecomputers

in

class.4.WemakethemachinesinBeijing.FootballispalyedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyinthemorning.Thecomputersareplayedbytheminclass.ThemachinesaremadebyusinBeijing.主语和宾语互换时，要注意“格”的变换，be的形式取决于变化前句中给定的时态以及更换后新主语的人称及单复数情况被动语态的时态1.语态：主动语态主动语态关注做被做dobedone2.时态：动作发生的时间动词形态关注不同时态下的被动语态结构1.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.2.Thestudentsplantedthesetreeslastyear.3.Theywillfinishtheworkinthreehours.4.Wearepaintingtheroomnow.5.Wewerebuiltingtheroadthistimelastyear.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.一般现在时：am/is/are+动词过去分词Thesetreeswereplantedbythestudentslastyear一般过去时：was/were+动词过去分词Theworkwillbefinishedbytheminthreehours.Theroomisbeingpaintedbyusnow.Theroadwasbeingbuiltbyusthistimelastyear.一般将来时：will+be+动词过去分词现在进行时：am/is/are+being+动词过去分词过去进行时：was/were+being+动词过去分词不同时态下的被动语态结构6.Shehasfinishedherhomework.

Herhomeworkhasbeenfinishedbyher.现在完成时：have/hasbeen+动词过去分词7.Youmustfinishyourhomeworktoday.Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedtodaytoday.情态动词：情态动词+be+动词过去分词不同时态下的被动语态结构主要依托于助动词be来实现。被动语态什么时候用1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。ThiswatchismadeinChina.这块手表是中国制造的。2.没必要指出动作的执行者是谁。Manytreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.每年必须种许多树。3.需要突出或强调动作的承受者。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。(强调汉语的广泛使用)4.动作的发出者是物。Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.许多房子被洪水冲走了。被动语态什么时候用说话或发表意见时,为了显得客观公正,也常用被动语态。常用句型:Itissaidthat…据说Itisreportedthat…据报道Itisbelievedthat…大家相信Itishopedthat…大家希望Itiswellknownthat…众所周知Itisthoughtthat…大家认为e.g.Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.e.g.Itisreportedthatgoldhasbeenfoundthere.被动语态使用的特殊情况let,make,have(三使)/see,look,watch,notice(四看)/listen,hear(二听)/feel(一感觉)当它们变被动语态时要把to加上。1.Ioftenseetheoldmanruninthemorning.Theoldmanisoftenseentoruninthemorning.一、使役动词和感官动词2.Iheardhimsinglastnight.Hewasheardtosinglastnight.使役动词+sbdo感官动词+sbdosb+be+使役动词过去分词todosb+be+感官动词过去分词todo3.Theymadehimwork12

hoursaday.

Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.被动语态使用的特殊情况1.look,sound,smell,taste,feel等系动词，后加形容词，用主动表被动。【系表结构】Thefishtastesgood.Thesongsoundedwonderful.Thecoatfeltcomfortable.二、主动形式表达被动含义2.want/need/require/deserve+doing=want/require/need/deservetobedone【需要做某事】Thecomputer

needsrepairing.

这个电脑需要修理。=Thecomputerneedstoberepaired.Thetablewantscleaning.这张桌子该擦了Thepointdeservesmentioning.这一点值得提到.被动语态使用的特殊情况3.beworthdoing“值得被….”=beworthyofbeingdone

=beworthytobedoneThebookisworthreading.=Thebookisworthyofbeingread.=Thebookisworthytoberead.二、主动形式表达被动含义4.blow,carry,cut,drive,read,sell

,write,wear,等与副词连用,表示主语性能时,用被动语态。

Thecomputerssellwell.Theroomcleanedperfectly.Thepenwriteseasily.被动语态的句型转换肯定句：The

roomis

cleanedbyhim.否定句：Theroomis

not

cleanedbyhim.一般疑问句：Is

theroomcleanedbyhim?特殊疑问句：Whois

theroomcleanedby?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.被动语态的be是助动词,所以否定句直接在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词提至句首,特殊疑问句be动词跟在特殊疑问词后面后面.Jimgaveme(间接宾语)abook(直接宾语).tellsbsthgivesb.sth.

passsb.sth.throwsbsthsendsb.sth.showsb.sth.lendsbsthbringsb.sth.被动

sth主动betoldtosbbegiventosb.bepassedtosb.bethrowntosb.besenttosb.beshowntosb.belenttosb.bebroughttosb.IwasgivenabookbyJim.三、双宾语结构的被动语态直物间人AbookwasgiventomebyJim含有双宾语句子的被动语态直接宾语sth作主语时要在间宾前加上to或for主动