湖南省湘西州2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷

湘西自治州2023年下学期高二年级期末质量检测英语考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Havingaclass.B.Watchinganactivity.C.CelebratingChildren’sDay.2.Whyisthemancalling?A.Tolookforajob.B.Toaskaboutaroom.C.Tobookatable.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inacoffeebar.C.Inasupermarket.4.WheredidJennyputthebike?A.Intheschool.B.Inthebackyard.C.Underabigtree.5.WhatisJames’planfortheholiday?A.TowatchTV.B.Toworkovertime.C.Tostudyforexams.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Helpcleanthehouse.B.Tourthehouse.C.Haveadrink.7.Whatdoesthewomandislikeaboutthelivingroom?A.Thesofa.B.Thecurtains.C.Thecoffeetable.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.HowdoesJackfindlivingintheguesthouse?A.Costly.B.Wonderful.C.Tough.9.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Jack’splan.B.Ajobinterview.C.Anewrestaurant.10.WhatpositionisJackapplyingfor?A.Acook.B.Awaiter.C.Amanager.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.WhydoesMandycallJack?A.Toaskforlectureinformation.B.Tolearnaboutanexplorer.C.Toinvitehimtoalecture.12.Whendothespeakersplantogettothelecturehall?A.At3:30.B.At3:40.C.At4:00.13.HowisJackgoingtotheschool?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Bysubway.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.HowlonghasAndyworkedinhispresentpany?A.Severalyears.B.Severalmonths.C.Severalweeks.15.WhatdepartmentdoesAndyworkin?A.Theproductiondepartment.B.Themarketingdepartment.C.Thedesigndepartment.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Coworkers.C.Bossandemployee.17.WhatisAndy’sattitudetohisnewboss?A.Favorable.B.Doubtful.C.Unsatisfied.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.WhereisLakeLouiselocated?A.FarfromtheCanadianRockies.B.InthenorthofCanada.C.Inanationalpark.19.WhatwastheAlbertatownnamedafter?A.Aperson.B.Arailwaystation.C.Acity.20.HowarethehotelsbuiltbytheCanadianPacificRailway?A.Modern.B.Cheap.C.Popular.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThefollowingaresomemarketswhichhavebeetouristattractions.WienerChristkindlmarkt,AustriaKnownasVienneseDreamChristmasMarket,WienerChristkindlmarkt,orRathausplatz,isoneoftheAustriancapital’soldestandmosttraditionalattractions.Ithasa150squaremeterchildren’sicerink(溜冰场).TreeofHearts,agiantmapletreewithhundredsofshinningredhearts,isahotfavoritewithvisitorstohaveapicture.Opentime:November10—December26BaselChristmasMarket,SwitzerlandBaselChristmasMarketisdividedintotwodifferentsectionsatBarfusserplatzandMunsterplatz.FamilyattractionsincludetheChristmasfairytaletreeatMunsterplatzwithactivitiessuchasgingerbreadandcandledecorating,astarworkshopandafestivetrain.Opentime:November23—December23StrasbourgChristmasMarket,FranceOneofEurope’soldestChristmasmarkets,Strasbourgbeganbackin1570,drawinginovertwomillionpeopleeveryyear.PlaceKlebeisprobablyitsmostpopularplacethankstothegreatChristmastree.Opentime:November24—December24BrusselsWinterWonders,BelgiumBrusselsreallyestolifeatChristmastimethankstoWinterWonders,whichismorelikeafestivalthanamarket.Alightandsoundshow,iceskating,andpleasuregroundridesareamongtheactivitiestoenjoy,whilevisitorscanalsostareinwonderatthehugeChristmastreesetupinGrandPlace.Opentime:November11—December311.WhatcanvisitorsdoatRathausplatz?A.Appreciateasoundshow. B.Enjoyatrainrideinanicerink.C.Takephotoswithmanyredhearts. D.Ridewoodenhorsesinaplayground.2.WhatdothefourChristmasmarketshaveinmon?A.Theyhaveagreattree. B.Theyownagoodplaceforskating.C.Theyholdvariousactivitiesfortourists. D.Theyaretheoldestoneintheirowncountry.3.Whichmarketisopenforthelongesttime?A.WienerChristkindImarkt,Austria. B.BrusselsWinterWonders,Belgium.C.BaselChristmasMarket,Switzerland. D.StrasbourgChristmasMarket,France.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了欧洲四个已经成为旅游景点的圣诞集市。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WienerChristkindlmarkt,Austria中“KnownasVienneseDreamChristmasMarket,WienerChristkindlmarkt,orRathausplatz(被称为维也纳梦幻圣诞市场，维也纳圣诞市场，或市政厅广场)”和“TreeofHearts,agiantmapletreewithhundredsofshinningredhearts,isahotfavoritewithvisitorstohaveapicture.(红心之树是一棵巨大的枫树，上面有数百颗闪闪发光的红心，是游客们的最爱的拍照点)”可知，在市政厅广场游客可以和许多红心拍照。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WienerChristkindlmarkt,Austria中“TreeofHearts,agiantmapletreewithhundredsofshinningredhearts(红心之树是一棵巨大的枫树，上面有数百颗闪闪发光的红心)”、BaselChristmasMarket,Switzerland中“FamilyattractionsincludetheChristmasfairytaletreeatMunsterplatz(家庭景点包括明斯特广场的圣诞童话树)”、StrasbourgChristmasMarket,France中“PlaceKlebeisprobablyitsmostpopularplacethankstothegreatChristmastree.(克莱伯广场可能是它最受欢迎的地方，这要归功于那棵巨大的圣诞树)”和BrusselsWinterWonders,Belgium中“whilevisitorscanalsostareinwonderatthehugeChristmastreesetupinGrandPlace(游客们也可以惊奇地看着大广场上的巨大圣诞树)”可知，这四个圣诞集市的共同之处在于都有一棵巨大的树。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据WienerChristkindlmarkt,Austria中“Opentime:November10—December26(开放时间：11月10日至12月26日)”、BaselChristmasMarket,Switzerland中“Opentime:November23—December23(开放时间：11月23日至12月23日)”、StrasbourgChristmasMarket,France中“Opentime:November24—December24(开放时间：11月24日至12月24日)”和BrusselsWinterWonders,Belgium中“Opentime:November11—December31(开放时间：11月11日至12月31日)”可知，比利时布鲁塞尔的“冬季奇观”集市持续51天，开放时间最长。故选B项。BCynthia,72,hasworkedasaflightattendant(空乘人员)forSouthwestAirlinesforalmost20years.AfterhergranddaughterHannah,24,graduatedfromcollegeandwasn’tsurewhattodoexcepttraveling,sheeventuallydecidedtofollowinhergrandmother’sfootstepsandappliedtoSouthwest.WhenHannahgotheracceptancenotice,shewasoverjoyedandsowasCynthia.CynthiawaspresentatHannah’sflightattendantgraduationin2022.Andbehindthescenes,Cynthiawasalsotryingtomakesureshe’dbeonhergranddaughter’sfirstSouthwestflight.WhenHannahsawhergrandmaonherfirstflight,shewasverysurprised.Workingtogetherforthefirsttimewasexcitingforbothofthem.Itwasalong,multistoptrip—thetypeCynthia,withheryearsofseniority(资历)attheairline,usuallyavoidsnowadays.ShemadeanexceptionforHannah.Whenshewaslittle,Hannahlovedhearinghergrandmother’sstoriesaboutherjob,andhadfondmemoriesofflyingwithhergrandmotherduringhersummervacation.ButwhileHannahalwaysthoughtCynthia’sjobwasamazingandexciting,shealsosawthetoughsidesofflightattendants’life.Oftenhergrandmotherwouldhavetoworkonholidaysandcouldn’ttakepartinthefamilyactivities.Cynthiaalsowantedtopassonwisdomtohergranddaughter.ShekepttellingHannahthatflightattendantsflewallthetime,soeverythingwasprettysimpleandeasyforthem.Passengerssometimesjustflewonceayearandsoflightattendantshadtotakeitintoconsiderationthattheyhadtohelpthesepeople,showingthemtheway,answeringquestions,andshowingsomeenthusiasm.HannahsaysCynthiabringsthisempathy(同理心)toeveryaspectofherlife,andithasalwaysinspiredher.“That’sonethingthatshehastaughtme—she’sjustsosympatheticandsoquicktohelpanyone.Iseeitwhenwe’reworkingoroutsideofwork.Shereallyhasthebestheart,”saysHannah.4.WhatdidCynthiakeepsecretfromHannah?A.HoldingabigcelebrationforHannah.BWorkingtogetheronHannah’sfirstflight.C.Planningalong,multistoptripforHannah.D.AskingotherflightattendantstohelpHannah.5.WhatdidHannahthinkofflightattendants’work?A.Itwaseasyandwellpaid.B.Itbroughtlotsofdangeranduncertainty.C.Itwasinterestingallthetime.D.Itsometimesmeantmissingfamilygatherings.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wisdom”inparagraph4referto?A.Theflightattendants’fortunetoflyallthetime.B.Skillsindealingwithcoworkersduringflights.C.Theconceptofservingpassengerswholeheartedly.D.Emergenciesflightattendantsmaymeet.7.WhatdoesHannahlearnfromhergrandmother?A.Tryingtocherishgoodmemoriesofherflying.B.Helpingothersanytimeandanywhere.C.Continuingworkingtillthelastminute.D.Correctingeverymistakeinherflightjob.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了Hannah追寻奶奶的脚步成为空乘人员的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“WhenHannahsawhergrandmaonherfirstflight,shewasverysurprised.Workingtogetherforthefirsttimewasexcitingforbothofthem.”（当汉娜在自己第一次飞行任务的飞机上看到她的奶奶时，她非常惊讶。第一次一起工作对他们俩来说都是令人兴奋的）可知，辛西娅对汉娜隐瞒了一起完成汉娜的第一次飞行。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Oftenhergrandmotherwouldhavetoworkonholidaysandcouldn’ttakepartinthefamilyactivities.”（她的祖母经常不得不在假期工作，不能参加家庭活动）可知，汉娜认为空乘人员的工作有时这意味着错过家庭聚会。故选D项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“ShekepttellingHannahthatflightattendantsflewallthetime,soeverythingwasprettysimpleandeasyforthem.Passengerssometimesjustflewonceayearandsoflightattendantshadtotakeitintoconsiderationthattheyhadtohelpthesepeople,showingthemtheway,answeringquestions,andshowingsomeenthusiasm.”（她不停地告诉汉娜，空乘人员一直在飞行，所以对他们来说一切都很简单容易。有时乘客一年只坐一次飞机，所以空乘人员必须考虑到他们必须帮助这些人，为他们指路，回答问题，并表现出一些热情。）可知，辛西娅也想把全心全意为旅客服务的理念传递给她的孙女。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“That’sonethingthatshehastaughtme—she’sjustsosympatheticandsoquicktohelpanyone.Iseeitwhenwe’reworkingoroutsideofwork.Shereallyhasthebestheart”（这是她教会我一件事——她很有同情心，而且很快就会帮助任何人。无论是工作还是工作之外，我都能看到它。她的心肠真的很好）可知，汉娜从她的祖母那里学到了随时随地帮助他人。故选B项。CManypreviousstudieshaveindicatedthatfrequentwalkingwasassociatedwithalowerriskofdevelopingtype2diabetes(糖尿病)inthegeneralpopulation,inawaythatthosewithmoretimespentwalkingperdaywereatalowerrisk.Buttheirfindingshaven’tofferedmuchguidanceonthebesthabitualwalkingspeedneededtolowerdiabetesrisk.Anewstudy’sauthorsreviewed10previousstudiesconductedbetween1999and2022,whichassessed(评估)thelinksbetweenwalkingspeedandthedevelopmentoftype2diabetesamongadultsfromtheUnitedStates,theUnitedKingdomandJapan.Afterafollowupperiodofeightyearsonaverage,paredwiththosewhotookeasyorcasual(休闲的)walking(lessthan2milesperhour),thosewhowalkedatanaverageornormalpace(2to3milesperhour)hada15%lowerriskofdevelopingtype2diabetes,theresearchersfound.Walkingata“fairlyquick”pace(3to4milesperhour)meanta24%lowerriskthanthosewhoeasilyorcasuallywalked.Andquickwalking(morethan4milesperhour)hadthebiggestbenefit:a39%reductioninrisk.Theoverallmessageisthatwalkingisanimportantwaytoimproveyourhealth.Itmaybetruethatwalkingfasterisevenbetter.ButgiventhefactthatmostAmericansdonotgetsufficientwalkinginthefirstplace,itismostimportanttoencouragepeopletowalkmoreasthey’reableto.Ifyouwanttochallengeyourself,however,usingafitnesstracker—viaawatchorsmartphoneapp—canhelpyoumeasureandmaintainyourwalkingpace,expertssaid.Ifyoucan’tgetafitnesstracker,aneasyalternativefortrackingexerciseintensity(强度)istheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention’s“talktest”,whichreliesonunderstandinghowphysicalactivityaffectsheartrateandbreathing.If,whilewalking,you’reabletotalkinalaboredvoicebutnotsing,yourpaceisprobablyquick.8.Howdidtheresearchersgetthenewfindings?A.Bystudyingformerresearch. B.Byinterviewingvolunteers.C.Bycarryingoutanexperiment. D.Byconductinganonlinesurvey.9.Whichtypeofwalkingisthebestforreducingdiabetesrisk?A.Easywalking. B.Quickwalking.C.Averagewalking. D.Casualwalking.10.WhatmattersmosttoAmericansindiabetesprevention?A.Buyingafitnesstracker. B.Avoidingeatingtoomuch.C.Followingthe“talktest”rule. D.Walkingasmuchaspossible.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Walking:theSecrettoPhysicalHealthB.Walking:theEndofDiabeticPatients’WorriesC.Walking:aSimpleWaytoReduceDiabetesRiskD.Walking:anEffectiveTreatmentforDiabetes【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过介绍一些研究结果讲述了减低糖尿病风险的简单方法——步行。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Anewstudy’sauthorsreviewed10previousstudiesconductedbetween1999and2022,whichassessed(评估)thelinksbetweenwalkingspeedandthedevelopmentoftype2diabetesamongadultsfromtheUnitedStates,theUnitedKingdomandJapan.Afterafollowupperiodofeightyearsonaverage,paredwiththosewhotookeasyorcasual(休闲的)walking(lessthan2milesperhour),thosewhowalkedatanaverageornormalpace(2to3milesperhour)hada15%lowerriskofdevelopingtype2diabetes,theresearchersfound.(一项新研究的作者回顾了1999年至2022年间进行的10项先前的研究，这些研究评估了美国、英国和日本成年人步行速度与2型糖尿病发展之间的联系。研究人员发现，在平均8年的随访期后，与那些轻松或随意走路(每小时少于2英里)的人相比，那些以平均或正常速度走路(每小时2至3英里)的人患2型糖尿病的风险降低了15%。)”可知，新发现是通过研究以前的研究获得的。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Walkingata“fairlyquick”pace(3to4milesperhour)meanta24%lowerriskthanthosewhoeasilyorcasuallywalked.Andquickwalking(morethan4milesperhour)hadthebiggestbenefit:a39%reductioninrisk.(以“相当快”的速度走路(每小时3到4英里)比那些轻松或随意走路的人的风险低24%。快走(每小时超过4英里)的好处最大：风险降低39%。)”可知，快速步行对减少糖尿病风险最好。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“ButgiventhefactthatmostAmericansdonotgetsufficientwalkinginthefirstplace,itismostimportanttoencouragepeopletowalkmoreasthey’reableto.(但考虑到大多数美国人一开始就没有足够的步行量，最重要的是鼓励人们尽可能多走路。)”可知，对于美国人来说最重要的事尽可能的多走路。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Theoverallmessageisthatwalkingisanimportantwaytoimproveyourhealth.Itmaybetruethatwalkingfasterisevenbetter.(总的来说，步行是改善健康的一种重要方式。走得越快越好也许是真的。)”并纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了走路对减低糖尿病风险是有益的，并建议多走路。因此推断C项“步行——减低糖尿病风险的简单方法”为最佳标题。故选C。DFormorethan50years,seawaterhasflowedthroughtheHongKong’stoilets.Andin2013,HongKongbuiltasystemthatusedseawatertocoolpartofthecity.Thesystemsendscoldseawatertoafactorywithheatexchangers.Theseawatertakesinheattocoolpipesfullofcirculating(循环的)water.Thatcooledwaterthenflowsintobuildingstocoolrooms.Theslightlywarmedseawaterissentbacktotheocean.Knownasdistrictcooling,thistypeofsystemtendstousefarlessenergythantypicalairconditioners.HowmuchwaterandenergyhadthisstrategysavedHongKong?Andwhyweren’tothercoastalcitiesdoingthis?AteamattheHongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnologysetoutforanswers.TheyfocusedonHongKongandtwootherbigcoastalcities:Jeddah,SaudiArabia,andMiami,Fla.Theideawastoseewhatitmightlooklikeifallthreeadoptedcitywidesaltwatersystems.Allthreeplaceswouldsavelotsoffreshwaterandenergy,theresearchersfound.Thesesavingscamefromthemoreefficientsaltwaterairconditioning.Thoughcostlytobuild,saltwatercoolingsystemscouldpayoffinthelongrunformanycities.Theresearchersfiguredouthowemissions(排放)ofgreenhousegaseswoulddropifeachcityinsteadusedseawaterforcoolingandflushing(冲刷).Next,theystudiedhowmuchpollutionwouldbecreatedtobuildthenewsystem.Theyparedtheseresultstoseehowemissionsofclimatewarminggaseswouldchangeforeachcity.HongKongwouldseethebiggestcutingreenhousegasesifthesystemwereexpandedtothewholecity.Itcoulddropbysome250,000tonseachyear.Miamicouldseeadropofaround7,700tonsofcarbonpollutionperyear.SaltwatercoolingwouldcausemoreplanetwarminggasesinJeddahthanitwouldsave.Thereason:Jeddah’sunplannedurbanexpansionandallthepipesthatwouldbeneededtoserviceit.Thepollutioningfrombuildingsuchalargesystemwouldbehigherthanwhatthesystemwouldsave.12.WhatcanseawaterdoinHongKong’sdistrictcoolingsystem?A.Itisusedtoflushallofthetoilets. B.Itrunsintobuildingstocoolrooms.C.Itcirculatesinpipestowarmtheair. D.Itabsorbsheattocoolthewaterinpipes.13.Whatwasthemainpurposeoftheresearch?A.Totestifsaltwatercoolingsystemsarefitforallcoastalcities.B.Tofindwaystobuildmoreefficientsaltwatercoolingsystems.C.TopopularizeHongKong’senergyreductionmeasures.D.ToapplyHongKong’sexperiencetoJeddahandMiami.14.Whataretheresearchers’attitudetobuildingasaltwatercoolingsysteminJeddah?A.Supportive. B.Unclear.C.Mixed. D.Opposed.15.Whatcanweknowaboutsaltwatercoolingsystemsfordifferentcities?A.Killtwobirdswithonestone. B.Thereisnoonesizefitsallway.C.Twowrongsdon’tmakearight. D.Oneman’sfaultisanotherman’slesson.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海水冷却系统优势，并测试了是否所有沿海城市都适合建立该系统。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Thesystemsendscoldseawatertoafactorywithheatexchangers.Theseawatertakesinheattocoolpipesfullofcirculating(循环的)water.Thatcooledwaterthenflowsintobuildingstocoolrooms.Theslightlywarmedseawaterissentbacktotheocean.(该系统将冷海水送到装有热交换器的工厂。海水吸收热量，冷却充满循环水的管道。然后冷却水流入建筑物，冷却房间。稍微变暖的海水被送回海洋)”可知，在冷却系统中，海水吸收热量来冷却管道中的水。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“HowmuchwaterandenergyhadthisstrategysavedHongKong?Andwhyweren’tothercoastalcitiesdoingthis?AteamattheHongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnologysetoutforanswers.(这个策略为香港节省了多少水和能源？为什么其他沿海城市没有这样做？香港科技大学的一个团队着手寻找答案)”可知，这项研究的主要目的是测试海水冷却系统是否适用于所有沿海城市。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“SaltwatercoolingwouldcausemoreplanetwarminggasesinJeddahthanitwouldsave.Thereason:Jeddah’sunplannedurbanexpansionandallthepipesthatwouldbeneededtoserviceit.Thepollutioningfrombuildingsuchalargesystemwouldbehigherthanwhatthesystemwouldsave.(海水冷却在吉达产生的温室气体比它所能节省的还要多。原因是：吉达的城市扩张没有计划，而且需要大量的管道为其提供服务。建造这样一个大型系统所产生的污染将高于该系统所节省的污染)”可推知，研究人员反对在吉达建造盐水冷却系统。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“HongKongwouldseethebiggestcutingreenhousegasesifthesystemwereexpandedtothewholecity.Itcoulddropbysome250,000tonseachyear.Miamicouldseeadropofaround7,700tonsofcarbonpollutionperyear.SaltwatercoolingwouldcausemoreplanetwarminggasesinJeddahthanitwouldsave.Thereason:Jeddah’sunplannedurbanexpansionandallthepipesthatwouldbeneededtoserviceit.Thepollutioningfrombuildingsuchalargesystemwouldbehigherthanwhatthesystemwouldsave.(如果该系统扩展到整个城市，香港的温室气体排放量将减少得最多。每年可减少约25万吨。迈阿密每年可以减少约7700吨的碳污染。海水冷却在吉达产生的温室气体比它所能节省的还要多。原因是:吉达的城市扩张没有计划，而且需要大量的管道为其提供服务。建造这样一个大型系统所产生的污染将高于该系统所节省的污染)”可推知，并不是所有的沿海城市有适合建立海水冷却系统，没有一刀切的办法。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Somepeoplelookasiftheyaresimplybornwiththecertainsocialskillthatenablesthemtomakefriendswithsucheasethatitseemsprettyunbelievable.Theyenduphavingtonsoffriendsinnotime.____16____.Somehavetoworkabitharderinordertogainsomeone’sattentionandfriendship.Thegoodthingis,therearemanywaystoimproveyoursocialskillsandmakeyourfriendcircleevenbigger.◎____17____Havingfunonyourownisthefirststeptowardsmakingagoodbasisforafuturefriendship.Ifyoulearnhowtohavefunonyourown,itismorelikelythatyouwillmeetsomeonewhohassimilarinterestsandalsoneedsafriend.◎ExpandyourviewandfindnewthingstodoWhenyouhavemanythingsyoulikedoing,thebetterchancesarethatyouwillbemeetingpeoplewhoarealsointothesamethings.Youcanalsomakefriendswithsomeonewithoutthesamehobbies.Thereisnorulethatyouhavetobefriendswiththosewholikethesamethings.____18____.◎SocialgatheringsarethebestwayofmeetingfriendsEverytimeyouhaveachancetogettogetherwithothers,don’tmissit.____19____.Or,ifyoureallypreferstayingathome,therearealwaysonlinegroupswithpeople,whopreferhangingoutwithothersfromthefortoftheirhomesaswell.◎MakethecircleofyourfriendswithconfidenceAfterdoingeverythingabove,youwillnoticeatonepointhowyou’vegotyourconfidenceback.____20____.Justbeingconfident,satisfiedandhappywillmakeyouafriendmagnetandbringyoufriendcircles.A.It’sjusteasier,nothingelseB.Still,notallpeoplearelikethatC.GetoutofyourfortzoneabitD.LearnhowtoentertainyourselffirstE.NooneelseisgoingtomakeithappenforyouF.AlmostanysocialpartyissuitableformakingfriendsG.Thatisthemostimportantinimprovingyoursocialskills【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.F20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了可以提高社交技能的很多方法，从而使朋友圈更大。【16题详解】由上文“Somepeoplelookasiftheyaresimplybornwiththecertainsocialskillthatenablesthemtomakefriendswithsucheasethatitseemsprettyunbelievable.Theyenduphavingtonsoffriendsinnotime.(有些人似乎天生就具有某种社交技巧，使他们能够轻松地交朋友，这似乎令人难以置信。他们很快就有了一大堆朋友)”和下文“Somehavetoworkabitharderinordertogainsomeone’sattentionandfriendship.Thegoodthingis,therearemanywaystoimproveyoursocialskillsandmakeyourfriendcircleevenbigger.(有些人为了获得某人的关注和友谊，不得不更加努力。好处是，有很多方法可以提高你的社交技能，使你的朋友圈更大)”可知，本空要说跟“不同的人的交友情况不一样”有关的话题，故B选项“Still,notallpeoplearelikethat(尽管如此，并不是所有的人都是这样)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】由下文“Havingfunonyourownisthefirststeptowardsmakingagoodbasisforafuturefriendship.Ifyoulearnhowtohavefunonyourown,itismorelikelythatyouwillmeetsomeonewhohassimilarinterestsandalsoneedsafriend.(独自玩乐是为未来友谊打下良好基础的第一步。如果你学会了如何自己找乐子，你就更有可能遇到和你有相似兴趣的人，也需要一个朋友)”可知，本空要说跟“独自玩乐”有关的话题，故D选项“Learnhowtoentertainyourselffirst(先学会如何自娱自乐)”能概括本段段意，符合题意。故选D。【18题详解】由上文“Whenyouhavemanythingsyoulikedoing,thebetterchancesarethatyouwillbemeetingpeoplewhoarealsointothesamethings.Youcanalsomakefriendswithsomeonewithoutthesamehobbies.Thereisnorulethatyouhavetobefriendswiththosewholikethesamethings.(当你有很多你喜欢做的事情时，你更有可能遇到和你有同样爱好的人。你也可以和没有相同爱好的人交朋友。没有规定说你一定要和志同道合的人做朋友)”可知，拓展你的视野，找到新的事情做不是交友的必要条件，只是让人们更容易交友，故A选项“It’sjusteasier,nothingelse(这只是更容易，没有别的)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。【19题详解】由本段小标题“Socialgatheringsarethebestwayofmeetingfriends(社交聚会是结交朋友的最好方式)”可知，本空要说跟“社交聚会”有关的话题，故F选项“Almostanysocialpartyissuitableformakingfriends(几乎任何社交聚会都适合交朋友)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。【20题详解】由上文“Afterdoingeverythingabove,youwillnoticeatonepointhowyou’vegotyourconfidenceback.(在做了以上所有的事情之后，你会注意到你是如何找回自信的)”可知，本空要说跟“自信与交友”有关的话题，故G选项“Thatisthemostimportantinimprovingyoursocialskills(这对提高你的社交能力是最重要的)”能承接上文，符合题意，最重要的事情放在最后来说。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Evenwhenyouhaveconfidenceinyourself,yourgoalswillsometimesseemoutofreach.Whenthathappens,getholdofthepeoplewho____21____youandyourgoalsanddon’tletgo!WhenIwasyounger,I____22____becauselifefeltsohard.Ihad____23____tobeeateacherorabusinessadministrator.IknewIneededacollegedegree,butIhad____24____believinginmyself.Thenateacherinmyhighschool____25____me.Hetoldmethreethings:First,ifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself,itwillbe____26____togetanyoneelsetobelieveinyou.Second,neverletotherpeople’s____27____toseeyourbrilliancepreventyoufrombeingbrilliant.Andthird,despitelife’s____28____,sticktocreatingthefutureyouwant.Earlyinmy____29____,Iwasteachingaworkshopwhenapersonintheaudienceyelledouttome.HetoldmeIhad_____30_____madeajobchoiceandhadabrightfuture.This_____31_____feedback(反馈)cameatjusttherighttime,becausewhiletheaudiencedidn’tknowit,Iwas_____32_____selfdoubt.Evennow,I_____33_____myselfthatIhaveabrightfuture.That’swhatItellmyselfwhenI_____34_____successandfailure.Youhaveabrightfutureahead.Thinkaboutthiseverysingleday.Rememberyourtalents,skills,andinterests.Explorethejobsthatinterestyou,andhavecourage—andmost_____35_____,believeinyourself.21.A.referto B.dependon C.learnfrom D.believein22.A.quit B.struggled C.regretted D.argued23.A.responsibilities B.dreams C.opportunities D.doubts24.A.stopped B.admitted C.allowed D.considered25.A.tracked B.remended C.acpanied D.encouraged26.A.serious B.possible C.hard D.necessary27.A.request B.unwillingness C.inability D.attempt28.A.difficulties B.options C.aims D.standards29.A.career B.experiment C.business D.recovery30.A.foolishly B.simply C.wisely D.bravely31.A.original B.familiar C.typical D.positive32.A.lookinginto B.takingdown C.dealingwith D.pointingout33.A.introduce B.remind C.guarantee D.warn34.A.experience B.describe C.pare D.limit35A.probably B.fortunately C.obviously D.importantly【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.A25.D26.C27.C28.A29.A30.C31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是议论文。文章作者探讨了在追求事业时，要相信自己。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，抓住那些相信你和你的目标的人，不要放手!A.referto指的是；B.dependon依靠；C.learnfrom从……学习；D.believein相信。根据前文“Evenwhenyouhaveconfidenceinyourself,yourgoalswillsometimesseemoutofreach.(即使你对自己有信心，你的目标有时也会显得遥不可及。)”和下文“Thenateacherinmyhighschool____5____me.”可知，即使相信自己，目标也达不到，因此要求助他人，抓住那些相信你的人求助。故选D【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我小的时候，我因为生活感觉很困难而挣扎。A.quit退出；B.struggled挣扎；C.regretted遗憾；D.argued争论。根据后文“becauselifefeltsohard”可知，生活艰难，因此作者挣扎。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾梦想成为一名教师和企业管理者。A.responsibilities责任；B.dreams梦想；C.opportunities机会；D.doubts怀疑。根据后文“tobeeateacherorabusinessadministrator”可知，这是作者的梦想。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我需要一个大学学位，但我不再相信自己。A.stopped停止；B.admitted承认；C.allowed允许；D.considered考虑。根据前文“Hetoldmethreethings:First,ifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself”可知，作者不再相信自己。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我高中的一个老师鼓励我。A.tracked处理；B.remended推荐；C.acpanied陪伴；D.encouraged鼓励。根据后文“Hetoldmethreethings:First,ifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself”可知，这位老师鼓励我。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一，如果你不相信自己，就很难让别人相信你。A.serious严肃的；认真的；B.possible可能的；C.hard困难的；D.necessary必要的。根据前文“ifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself”并结合常识可知，如果你不相信自己，也很难让别人相信你。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二，永远不要让别人看