2024年高考英语一轮复习：阅读 拓展练习题（含答案）

2024年高考英语一轮复习：阅读拓展练习题

1

Themostimportantdeterminingfactorofsuccessorfailure-atworkandinlife一is

self-awareness,theabilitytounderstandwhoweare,howothersseeus,andhowwefitinto

theworld.

Formillions^Qf^years»Jheancestorsofhumans„evolvedpainfullyjilovdy.Howevei^about

15.0'QQO.years.,agoJhere,.was.anexp]Qsiye,,deyelQpmenLin,.tha,human.brain...where,among

otherthings,wegainedtheabilitytoexamineourownthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors,as

wellas8seethingsfix）manother'spointofview.Notonlydidthistransformationcreatethe

foundationforart,spiritualpracticesandlanguage,butitcamewithasurvivaladvantagefor

ourancestors,whohadtoworktogetherinordertosurvive.

Thoughwemaynotfacethesameday-to-daythreatstoourexistence,self-awarenessis

nolesscritical.Thereisstrongscientificevidencethatpeoplewhoknowthemselvesandhow

othersseethemarehappier.Theyaresmarter,superiorstudents.Theyraisemoremature

children.Theyalsotendtobemorecreative,confidentandlessaggressive.

Butformostpeopleitiseasiertochooseself-delusion（自我欺骗）ratherthanthecold

hardtruth.Ourincreasingly"me"focusedsocietymakesiteasiertofallintothistrap.Recent

generationshavegrownupinaWorldobsessedwithself-esteem（自负），constantlybeing

remindedoftheirspecialqualities.Notonlyareourassessmentsoftenflawed（有缺陷），but

achievementsatschoolandwork.Whafsscaryisthattheleastcompetentpeopleareusually

themostconfidentintheirabilities.

Howcanweavoidthisfate?Wemustworkontwospecifictypesofinsight.Internal

self-awarenessisaninwardunderstandingofourpassionsandaspirations,strengthsand

weaknessesandsoon.Andexternalself-awareness,knowinghowothersseeyou,means

understandingyourselffromtheoutsidein.

Forthoselookingtogaintrueinsight,rememberthatotherpeopleoftenseeusmore

objectivelythanweseeourselvesandthatself-examinationcanhavehiddentrapthatmake

insightactuallyimpossible.

1-Thefirstthreeparagraphsmainlytalkabout.

A-thesignificanceofself-awarenessinhumansurvivalandadvancement

B•thesharpcontrastbetweenself-awarenessoftodayandthepast

C-thenecessityofashiftinself-awarenesstosatisfytheneedstoday

D-theintelligencegapbetweenmodernmenandtheirancestors

2-What'stheproblemwith"me"focusedsocietynowadays?

A-People'sperfbnnanceandabilitiesareoverlooked.

B-Competentpeopletendtobeunconfidentoftheirleadershipskills.

C-Ifsdifficulttoobtainanobjectiveassessmentofourselves.

D-Modernpeoplefailtobringtheirspecialqualitiesintofullplay.

3-Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofexternalself-awareness?

A-Youlistentothecommentsaboutyoufromothers.

B-Youarefullyawareofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.

C-Youreflectyourbehaviorsthoroughlyeveryday.

D-Youcarefullycompareyourbehaviorwiththatofothers.

4-Inthelastparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhatweshould.

A-developtrueinsighttojudgepeoplemoreobjectively

第2页共14页

B-trytoavoidthetrapsetbyothers

C-gainmoreinsightbymeansofself-examination

D•paymoreattentiontoexternalself-awareness

【词汇讲解】

explosive

foundation

critical

obsessed

objectively

【认知词汇】

aggressive

aspiration

insight

【中译英翻译】

1.自从童年时期♦我就对中国结特别着迷。（theChineseKnot）

2.现在，回忆我青少年时期，我突然想到，我那时持续不断的练习为我现在的事业打下

了坚实的基础，这对我的长期发展是特别关键的-（constant,career事业）

3.我一到达这个乡村，就对其景色特别着迷。

4.参加志愿服务活动会对你未来的职业发展奠定基础。（career事业，职业）

5.坚持体育锻炼对促进你的身心健康是很关键的，因为锻炼不仅能保证你身体机能的正

常发展•而且可减少患病的概率°（function机能,guarantee保证-possibility）

第4页共14页

【长难句分析】

l.Formillionsofyears,theancestorsofhumansevolvedpainfullyslowly.However,about

150,000yearsagotherewasanexplosivedevelopmentinthehumanbrainwhere,among

otherthings,wegainedtheabilitytoexamineourownthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors,as

wellastoseethingsfromanother'spointofview.

【引导词】

【从句类型】

【从句作用】

【翻译】

2.Notonlyareourassessmentsoftenflawed（有缺陷），butweareusuallyterriblejudgesof

ourownperformanceandabilities-fromleadershipskillstoachievementsatschooland

work.

【引导词】

【从句类型】

【从句作用】

【翻译】

第6页共14页

2

CathyandWayneN.whohavebeenmarriedfiveyearsareintheirlate20'sandchildless.

ThelasttimeamemberofCathy5sfamilyasked,“Whenareyougoingtostartafamily?,,Her

answerwas“Weareafamily!?,

CathyandWaynebelongtoagrowingnumberofyoungmarriedcoupleswhoare

decidingnottohavechildren.Arecentsurveyshowedthatinthelastfiveyearsthe

percentageofwivesaged25to29whodidnotwantchildrenhadalmostdoubledandamong

those18to24ithadalmosttripled.Whatliesbehindthisdecisionwhichseemstoflyinthe

faceofbiologyandsociety?

Perhapsthemostpublic,outspoken.childless.couple.areEllen.Peck,authorQfThe.Baby

Trap,andherhusband,William,anadvertisingexecutivewhoispresidentoftheNational

OrganizationforNon-parents.ThePecksinsistneithertheynortheorganizationisagainst

parenthood,justagainstthesocialpressuresthatpushpeopleintoparenthoodwhetheritis

whattheyreallywantandneedornot.

"It'salife-stylechoice,Ellensays.“Wechosefreedomandspontaneity（自发性）,

privacyandleisure.It^alsoaquestionofwhereyouwanttogiveyourefforts-withinyour

ownfamilyorinthelargercommunity.Thisgenerationfacesseriousquestionsaboutthe

continuityoflifeandaswellasitsquality.Ourgrandchildrenmayhavetobuyticketstosee

thelastredwoodsorlineuptogettheiroxygenration.Therearemenwhocomplainabout

beingcaughtinatrafficjamforhoursontheirhometotheirfivekidsbutcan'tmakethe

associationbetweenthechildrenandthetrafficjam.Inaworldseriouslythreatenedbythe

consequencesofoverpopulationwe'reconcernedwithmakinglifewithoutchildren

acceptableandrespectable.Toomanychildrenarebornasaresultofculturalpressure.And

theresultsshowupinthestatisticsondivorceandchild-abuse.^^

Herhusbandadds,“Everyfriend,relativeandbusinessassociateispressuringyoutohave

kids'andfindwhatyou5remissing/Toomanypeoplediscovertoolatethatwhattheywere

missingwassomethingtheyweretotallyunsuitedfbr.”

AndEllenagain,“Fromthefirstdolltosoapoperastococktailparties,thepressureis

alwaystheretobeparents.Butlefstakealookattherateofparentalfailure.Perhaps

parenthoodshouldberegardedasaspecializedoccupationlikebeingadoctor.Somepeople

aregoodatitandtheyshouldhavechildren;othersaren't,andtheyshouldfeeltheyhave

otheralternatives.^^

5-Byasking“Whenareyougoingtostartafamily^^,thememberofCathy?sfamilymeant

A-whenareyougoingtomoveintoanewhouse

B-whenareyougoingtobuyahouse

C-whenareyougoingtogetmarried

D-whenareyougoingtohaveachild

6-Inthesecondparagraph,thephrase6oflyinthefaceoF'mostprobablymeans,

A•topopularizeB-tofollowC-togoagainstD-tostrengthen

7-Accordingtothethirdparagraph,thePecksholdthat.

A•allyoungcouplesshouldnotgiveinbeforethesocialpressures

B-nopressureshouldbeimposedoncouplesaboutparenthood

C-strongmeasuresshouldbetakentohelpchildlesscouples

D-childlesscouplesfacenoproblemsofdivorceorchild-abuse

8-AccordingtoEllen,whathascausedmanyoftheproblemswefacetoday?

第8页共14页

A-Overpopulation.B-Environmentalpollution.

C-Culturalprogress.D-Life-stylechoice.

【词汇讲解】

continuity

occupation

alternative

【认知词汇】

privacy

leisure

ration

respectable

【中译英翻译】

面对日益危险的情景，Ben别无选择只能自己跳入河中。

【长难句分析】

1.PerhapsthemostpublicoutspokenchildlesscoupleareEllenPeck,authorofTheBaby

Trap,andherhusband,William,anadvertisingexecutivewhoispresidentoftheNational

OrganizationforNon-parents.

【引导词】

【从句类型】

【从句作用】

【翻译】

第10页共14页

3

Everyday,thousandsofrangerspatrolnationalparksandotherprotectedareasinAfrica.

Theirjobisfraughtwithdanger,bothfromhostilehumansarmedwithautomaticweapons

andfromtheunappreciativeandpotentiallyaggressivewildlife,armedwithtusks,teethand

claws,whichtheyarehelpingtopreserve.9

Thatisparticularlytrueofdataonpoaching(偷猎)，whichremains,inbothsensesofthe

word,anelephantineproblem.Since2006Africanelephantpopulationshavedeclinedby

around30%.In2021,accordingtoMonitoringtheIllegalKillingofElephants(MIKE),a

conservationprogramme,around40%ofelephantdeathswerearesultofpoaching.

10TheMIKEdatashowawelcomefallinratesthroughoutthe2010s,but

accordingtoresearchpublishedin2020byScottSchlossbergofElephantsWithoutBorders,

acharity,thiscanbeattributedentirelytoadeclineineasternAfrica.

Elsewhere,thereisgreatvariationinthepressureonanimalslikeelephants.Someparks,

likeGarambaintheDemocraticRepublicofCongo(DRC),arebadlyhit—withmorethan

90%ofthebodiesfoundbyrangersbeingvictimsofpoachers.11Tountanglethe

factorsinfluencingpoaching,TimothyKuiperoftheUniversityofCapeTown,Eleanor

Milner-GullandatOxford,andateamofcollaboratorshaveanalyseddatacollectedforMIKE

byrangersfrom64sitesin30Africancountriesoverthecourseof19years.Theycorrelated

thesewithpotentiallyrelevantfactors,bothnaturalandhuman,andhavepublishedtheir

findingsintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety.

Naturalvariablessuchashabitattype,theydiscovered,makelittledifference.12

Unsurprisingly,lowhouseholdwealth,poorhealth,poorlawenforcementandpoornational

governanceallcontributedtohigherratesofpoaching.Sodidthepriceofivory.

13Fortheredidnotseemtobemuch.Theimpactwasaconsequenceofafew

specialcasesinDRC,theCentralAfricanRepublicandEthiopia,ratherthanageneralrule

aboutyoungmenwithgunsbehavingbadly.

Onefactorthatwasunquantifiable,andthereforeuntestable,accordingtoDrKuiper,

waslocalpoliticalwilltopreservewildlife.Butthisstudydoesneverthelessconfirm

observationsmadeelsewhere,thatthebestformofconservationisaprosperouspopulation.

A-Humanonespredominate.

B•Theseverityofelephantpoachingvariesfromplacetoplace.