2023年考研英语一真题(含答案及解析)

2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(-)试题

UseofEnglish

CaravanseraiswereroadsideinnsthatwerebuiltalongtheSilkRoadinareasincluding

China,NorthAfricaandtheMiddleEast.Theyweretypically_1_outsidethewallsofacityor

villageandwereusuallyfundedbygovernmentsof2

Thisword"CaravanseraisHisa_3_ofthePersianword"karvan'\whichmeansagroupof

travellersoracaravan,andseray,apalaceorenclosedbuilding.ThePermcaravanwasusedto

4—groupsofpeoplewhotravelledtogetheracrosstheancientnetworkforsafetyreasons,_5_

merchants,travellersorpilgrims.

Fromthe10thcenturyonwards,asmerchantandtravelroutesbecomemoredeveloped,the

6oftheCaravanseraisincreasedandtheyservedasasafeplaceforpeopletorestatnight.Tra

vellersontheSilkRoad7possibilityofbeingattackedbythievesorbeing8toextreme

conditions.Forthisreason,Caravanseraiswerestrategicallyplaced9theycouldbereachedi

naday*straveltime.

Caravanseraisservedasaninformal0pointforthevariouspeoplewhotravelledtheSil

kRoad.11thosestructuresbecameimportantcentersforculture12andinteraction,

withtravelerssharingtheircultures,ideasandbeliefs3talkingknowledgewiththem,

greatly__14_thedevelopmentofseveralcivilizations.

Caravanseraiswerealsoanimportantmarketplaceforcommoditiesand___15_inthetrade

ofgoodsalongtheSilkRoad._16—,itwasfrequentlythefirststopmerchantslookingtosell

theirwaresand17suppliesfortheirownjoumeys.ltis18thataround120000to15000

caravanseraiswerebuiltalongtheSilkRoad___19_onlyabout3000areknowntoremaintoday,

manyofwhicharein20

1.A.displayedB.occupiedC.locatedD.equipped

2.A.privatelyB.regularlyC.respectively□.permanently

3.A.definitionB.transitionC.substitution□.combination

4.A.classifyB.recordC.describeD.connect

5.A.apartfromB.insteadofC.suchasD.alongwith

6.A.constructionB.restorationC.impressionDevaluation

7.A.doubtedB.FacedC.acceptedD.reduced

8.A.assignedB.subjectedC.accustomedD.opposed

9.A.sothatB.evenifC.nowthatD.incase

lO.A.talkingB.startingC.Breaking0.meeting

1l.A.BythewayB.OnoccasionC.IncomparisonD.Asaresult

12.A.heritageB.revivalC.exchangeD.status

13.A.withregardtoB.inspiteofC.aswellasD.inlinewith

14.A.completingB.influencingC.resumingD.pioneering

15.A.aidedB.investedC.failedD.competed

16.A.ratherB.indeedC.otherwiseD.however

17.A.goinfbrB.standupfbrC.closeinonD.stockupon

18.A.believedB.predictedC.recalledD.implied

19.A.untilB.becauseC.unless□.although

2O.A.ruinsB.debtC.fashionD.series

Text1

TheweatherinTexasmayhavecooledsincetherecentextremeheat,butthetemperature

willbehighattheStateBoardofEducationmeetinginAustinthismonthasofficialsdebatehow

climatechangeistaughtinTexasschools.

PatHardy,whosympathizedwithviewsoftheenergysector,isresistingtheproposed

changetosciencestandardsforpre-teenpupils.Thesewouldemphasisetheprimacyofhuman

activityinrecentclimatechangeandencouragediscussionofmitigationmeasures.

MostscientistsandexpertssharplydisputeHardy'sviews."Theycasuallydismissthecareer

workofscholarsandscientistsasjustanothermisguidedopinion."saysDanQuinn,senior

communicationsstrategistattheTexasFreedomNetwork,anon-profitgroupthatmonitorspublic

education,"WhatmillionsofTexaskidslearnintheirpublicschoolsisdeterminedtoooftenby

thepoliticalideologyofpartisanboardmembers,ratherthanfactsandsoundscholarship.

SuchdebatereflectsfiercediscussiondiscussionsacrosstheUSandaroundtheworld,as

researchers,policymakers,teachersandstudentsstepupdemandsforagreaterfocusonteaching

aboutthefactsofclimatechangeinschools.

AstudylastyearbytheNationalCenterforScienceEducation,anon-profitgroupof

scientistsandteachers,lookingathowstatepublicschoolsacrossthecountryaddressclimate

changeinscienceclasses,gavebarelyhalfofUSstatesagradeB+orhigher.Amongthe10worst

performersweresomeofthemostpopulousstates,includingTexas,whichwasgiventhelowest

grade(F)andhasadisproportionateinfluencebecauseitstextbooksarewidelysoldelsewhere.

GlennBranch,thecentre'sdeputydirector,cautionsthatsettingstate-levelsciencestandards

isonlyonelimitedbenchmarkinacountrythatdecentralisesdecisionstolocalschoolboards.

Evenifastateisconsideredahighperformerinitssciencestandards,"thatdoesnotmeanitwill

betaught",hesays

Anotherissueisthatwhileclimatechangeiswellintegratedintosomesubjectsandatsome

ages-suchasearthandspacesciencesinhighschools-itisnotaswellrepresentedin

curriculaforyoungerchildrenandinsubjectsthataremorewidelytaught,suchasbiologyand

chemistry.ltisalsolessprominentinmanysocialstudiescourses.

Branchpointsoutthat,evenifagrowingnumberofofficialguidelinesandtextbooksreflect

scientificconsensusonclimatechange,unofficialeducationalmaterialsthatconveymoreslanted

perspectivesarebeingdistributedtoteachers.Theyincludematerialssponsoredbylibertarian

think-tanksandenergyindustryassociations.

2l.Inparagraph1,theweatherinTexasismentionedto_

A.forecastapolicyshiftinTexasschools.

B.stresstheconsequencesofclimatechange

C.indicatetheatmosphereattheboardmeeting

D.drawthepublic'sattentiontoenergyshortages

22.WhatdoesQuinnthinkofHardy?

A.sheexaggeratestheexistingpanic.

B.shedeniesthevalueofscientificwork

C.sheshowsnoconcernforpre-teens,

sheexpressesself-contradictoryviews.

23.ThestudymentionedinParagraphshowsthat___

A.climateeducationisinsufficientatstatepublicschools.

B.policymakershavelittledrivefbrscienceeducation.

C.Texasisreluctanttorewriteitssciencetextbooks,

environmentalteachinginsomestateslackssupervision.

24.AccordingtoBranch,state-levelsciencestandardsintheUS___

A.callforregularrevision

B.requireurgentapplication

C.havelimitedinfluence

catertolocalneeds

25.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthatclimatechangeteachinginsomeschoo___

A.sagreetomajorpublicdemands

B.reflectsteachers^ersonalbias

C.maymisrepresenttheenergysector

canbeswayedbyexternalforces

Text2

Communitiesthroughouttheregionhavebeenattemptingtoregulateshort-termrentalssince

siteslikeAirbnbtookoffinthe2010s.Now,withrecord-highhomepricesandhistoricallylow

inventory,there'sanincreasedurgencyinsuchregulation,particularlyamongthosewhoworry

thatdeveloperswillcomeinandbuyupswathsofhousingtoflipforafortuneontheshort-term

rentalmarket.

InNewHampshire,wheretherentalvacancyratehasdroppedbelow1percent,housing

advocatesfearuncheckedshort-termrentalswillputfurtherpressureonanalreadystrained

market.ThestateLegislaturerecentlyvotedagainstabillthatwould'vemadeitillegalfortowns

tocreatelegislationrestrictingshort-termrentals.

“Weareatacrisislevelonthesupplyofrentalhousing,soanytimeyou'retakingthetoolout

ofthetoolkitforcommunitiestoaddressthis,you'repotentiallytakingsupplyoffthemarket

that'salreadyincrediblystressed,MsaidNickTaylor,executivedirectoroftheWorkforceHousing

CoalitionoftheGreaterSeacoast.WithoutenoughaffordablehousinginsouthernNewHampshire

towns,"employersarehavingahardtimeattractingemployees,andworkersarehavingahard

timefindingaplacetolive,"Taylorsaid.

However,short-termrentalsalsoprovidehousingfortourists,acrucialpartoftheeconomies

inplaceslikeNantucket,CapeCod,orthetownsthatmakeupNewHampshire'sSeacoastand

LakesRegion,pointedoutRyanCastle,CEOoftheCapeCod&IslandsAssociationofRealtors.

“Alotofworkersareservicingthetouristindustry,andthetourismindustryisservicedbythose

peoplecominginshortterm,“Castlesaid,"andsoit'sacyclicaleffect.”

Short-termrentalsthemselvesarenotthecruxoftheissue,saidKerenHorn,anaffordable

housingpolicyexpertattheUniversityofMassachusettsBoston."Ithinkindividualsbeingableto

rentouttheirsecondhomeisagoodthing.Ifit'stheirvacationhomeanyway,andit'sjustempty,

whycan*tyoumakemoneyoffit?nHornsaid.Issuesarise,however,whendevelopersattemptto

createlarge-scaleshort-termrentalfacilities-defactohotels—tobypasstaxesandregulations.

“Ithinkthequestionis,shouldn'tadeveloperwho'sreallybuildingahotel,butdisguisingitas

notahotel,betreatedandtaxedandregulatedlikeahotel?”Homsaid.

Attheendof2018,GovernorCharlieBakersignedabilltoreininthosepotential

investor-buyers.4tThebillrequireseveryrentalhosttoregisterwiththestate,mandatestheycarry

insurance,andopensthepotentialforlocaltaxesontopofanewstatelevy,HtheGlobereported.

Bostontookthingsevenfurther,limitingwhoisauthorizedtorentouttheirhome,andrequiring

renterstoregisterwiththecity'sInspectionalServicesDepartment.

Hornsaidsimilarregistrationrequirementscouldbenefitotherstrugglingcitiesandtowns.

Theonlywaytosolvetheissue,however,isbycreatingmorehousing/'Ifwewanttomakea

changeinthehousingmarket,themainoneiswehavetobuildalotmore.”

26.WhichofthefollowingistrueofNewEngland?

A.Itshousingsupplyisataverylowlevel.

B.Itscommunitiesareinneedoffunding.

C.Itsrentalvacancyrateisgoingupslowly

D.Itshomepricesareunderstrictcontrol.

27.ThebillmentionedinParagraph2wasintendedto

A.curbshort-termrentalspeculation.

B.ensurethesupplyofcheaphousing

C.punishillegaldealingsinhousing.

D.allowafreeshort-termrentalmarket.

28.ComparedwithCastle,Taylorismorelikelytosupport

A.furtherinvestmentinlocaltourism.

B.anincreaseinaffordablehousing.

C.strictmanagementofrealestateagents.

D.afavorablepolicyforshort-termworkers.

29.WhatdoesHornemphasizeinParagraph5?

A.Theurgencytoupgradeshort-termrentalfacilities.

B.Thecflicicntoperationofthelocalhousingmarket.

C.ThenecessitytostopdevelopersIromevadingtaxes.

D.Theproperproceduresforrentingoutsparehouses.

30.Hornholdsthatimposingregistrationrequirementsis

A.anirrationaldecision.

B.anunfeasibleproposal.

C.anunnecessarymeasure.

D.aninadequatesolution.

Text3

Ifyou'reheadingforyournearestbranchofWaterstonesinsearchoftheDuchessof

Sussex'snewchildren'sbookTheBench,youmighthavetobepreparedtohuntaroundabit;the

samemaybetrueofThePresident'sDaughter,thenewthrillerbyBillClintonandJames

Patterson.BothofthesebooksarepublishednextweekbyPenguinRandomHouse,acompany

currentlyinvolvedinastand-offwithWaterstones.

Theproblembeganlatelastyear,whenPenguinRandomHouseconfirmedthatithad

introducedacreditlimitwithWaterstones“ataverysignificantlevel9,.ThetrademagazineThe

BooksellerreportedthatWaterstonesbranchmanagerswerebeingtoldtoremovePRHbooks

fromprominentareassuchastables,displayspacesandwindows,andweret4quietlyretiringthem

totheirrelevantsections'*.

PRHdeclinedtocommentontheissue,butaspokespersonforWaterstonestoldme:

"WaterstonesarecurrentlyoperatingwithreducedcredittermsfromPRH,theonlypublisherin

theUKtoplaceanylimitationsonourabilitytotrade.WearenotboycottingPRHtitlesbutwe

aredoingourutmosttoensurethatavailabilityforcustomersremainsgooddespitethelower

overalllevelsofstock.Wedothisgenerallybygivingtheirtitleslessprominentpositioning

withinourbookshops."Wearehopefulwithourshopsnowopenagainthatnormalitywillreturn

andthatwewillbeallowedtobuyappropriately.Certainly,ourshopsareexceptionallybusyand

booksalesareverystrong.ThesalesforourMayBooksoftheMonthsurpassedanymonthsince

2018.”

Inthemeantime,PRHauthorshavebeenthelosers-ashavecustomers,whomightexpect

thenewtitlesfromthecountry'sbiggestpublishertobeprominentlydisplayedbyitsbiggestbook

retailer.Big-namePRHauthorsmaysufferabit,butit'sthosemid-listauthors,whonormallyrely

onWaterstonesstaffspassionforpromotingbooksbylesser-knownwriters,whowillbepraying

fbranendtothedispute.

Itcomesatatimewhenauthorsarealreadyworriedabouttheconsequencesoftheproposed

mergerbetweenPRHandanotherbigpublisher,Simon&Schuster-thereductioninthenumber

ofunalignedUKpublishersislikelytoleadtofewerbiddingwars,loweradvances,andmore

conformityintermsofwhatispublished.AndonewondersifPRHwouldhavebeenconfident

enoughtodealwithWaterstonesinthewayithasifitweren'tquitesuchabigcompany(itwas

formedwiththemergerofPenguinandRandomHousein2013)andlikelytogetbigger.

“Thisisallpartofawiderchangetowardsconcentrationofpowerandcartels.Literary

agenciesaregettingbiggertohavetheclouttonegotiatebettertermswithpublishers,publishers

consolidatingtodealwithAmazon,"saysLownie."Thepublishingindustrytalksaboutdiversity

intermsofauthorsandstaffbutitalsoneedsapluralityofwaysofdeliveringintellectualcontact,

choiceanddifferentvoices.Afterall,manyofthemostinterestingbooksinrecentyearshave

comefromsmallpublishers.

Weshallseewhetherthatpluralityisacasualtyofthecunentneedamongpublisherstobe

bigenoughtotakeonall-comers.

31.theauthormentionstwobooksintheparagraph1topresent

A.anongoingconflict

B.anintellectualconcept

C.aprevailingsentiment

D.aliteraryphenomenon

32.WhydidWaterstonesshopsretirePRHbookstotheirrelevantsections?

A.tomakethemeasilynoticeable

B.tocomplywithPRH'srequirement

C.torespondtoPRHsbusinessmove

D.toarrangetheminasystematicway

33.WhatmessagedidthespokesmanofWaterstonesseemtoconvey?

A.theircustomersremainroyal

B.thecreditlimitwillberemoved

C.theirstockisunderestimated

D.thebookmarketisratherslack

34.Whatcanbeoneconsequenceofthecurrentdispute?

ASalesofbooksbymid-listPRHwritersfalloffconsiderably

BLesser-knownPRHwritersbecomethetargetofcriticism

CWaterstonesstaffhesitatetopromotebig-nameauthor'sbooks

DWaterstonesbranchessufferaseverereductioninrevenue

34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestrepresentsLownie'sview?

ASmallpublishersoughttosticktogether

BBigpublisherswilllosetheirdominance

CThepublishingindustryishavingahardtime

DThemergerofpublishersisaworryingtrend

Text4

Scientificpapersaretherecordkeepersofprogressinresearch.Eachyearresearcherspublish

millionsofpapersinmorethan30,000journals.Thescientificcommunitymeasuresthequalityof

thosepapersinanumberofways,includingtheperceivedqualityofthejournal(asreflectedby

thetitle'simpactfactor)andthenumberofcitationsaspecificpaperaccumulates.Thecareersof

scientistsandthereputationoftheirinstitutionsdependonthenumberandprestigeofthepapers

theyproduce,butevenmoresoonthecitationsattractedbythesepapers.

Inrecentyears,therehavebeenseveralepisodesofscientificfraud,includingcompletely

made-updata,massagedordoctoredfigures,multiplepublicationsofthesamedata,theftof

completearticles,plagiarismoftext,andself-plagiarism.Andsomescientistshavecomeupwith

anotherwaytoartificiallyboostthenumberofcitationstotheirwork.

Citationcartels,wherejournals,authors,andinstitutionsconspiretoinflatecitationnumbers,

haveexistedforalongtime.In2016,researchersdevelopedanalgorithmtorecognizesuspicious

citationpatterns,includinggroupsofauthorsthatdisproportionatelyciteoneanotherandgroups

ofjournalsthatciteeachotherfrequentlytoincreasetheimpactfactorsoftheirpublications.

Recently,!cameacrossyetanotherexpressionofthispredatorybehavior:so-calledsupport

serviceconsultanciesthatprovidelanguageandothereditorialsupporttoindividualauthorsandto

journalssometimesadvisecontributorstoaddanumberofcitationstotheirarticlesandthe

articlesofcolleagues.Someoftheseconsultanciesarealsoactiveinorganizingconferencesand

canadvisethatcitationsbeaddedtoconferenceproceedings.Inthismanner,asingleeditorcan

drivehundredsofcitationsinthedirectionofhisownarticlesorthoseofcolleaguesthatmaybein

hiscircle.

Howinsidiousisthistypeofcitationmanipulation?Inoneexample,anindividual-actingas

author,editor,andconsultant—wasabletouseatleast15journalsascitationproviderstoarticles

publishedbyfivescientistsatthreeuniversities.TheproblemisrampantinScopus,which

includesahighnumberofthenew“intemational'journals.Infact,alistinginScopusseemstobe

acriteriontobetargetedinthistypeofcitationmanipulation.

36Accordingparagraph1,thecareersofscientistscanbedeterminedby

Ahowmanycitationstheirworkscontain

Bhowmanytimestheirpapersarecited

Ctheprestigeofthepeopletheyworkwith

Dthestatustheyhaveinscientificcircles

37Thesupportseryiceconsultanciestendto

Arecommendedjournalstotheirclients

Blistcitationpatternsfortheirclients

Caskauthorstoincludeextracitation

Dadvisecontributorstociteeachother

38thefunctionofthemilkcowtoioumalsisto

Aboostcitationcountsforcertainauthors

Bhelpscholarspublisharticlesatlowcost

Cinstructfirsttimecontributorsincitation

Dincreasethereadershipofnewjournals

答案A

39.WhatcanbelearnedaboutScopusfromthelasttwoparagraph?

AItfosterscompetitionamongcitationproviders

BIthasthecapabilitytoidentifysuspiciouscitation

CIthindersthegrowthofinternationaljournals

DItisestablishedtopreventcitationmanipulation

4O.Whatshouldanauthordotodealwithcitationmanipulation?

ATakelegalaction

BDemandanapolog;

CSeekprofessionaladvice

DRevealtheirmisconduct

ReadingPartB

A.Lastyearmarksthe150thanniversaryofaseriesofYellowstonephotographsbythereno

wnedlandscapephotographerWilliamHenryJackson.Hecapturedthefirst-evershotsoficonicla

ndmarkssuchastheTetons,OidFaithfulandtheColoradoRockies.

B.Twocenturiesago,theideaofpreservingnature,ratherthanexploitingit,wasanovelone

tomanyU.S.settlers.Oneoftheturningpointsinpublicsupportforlandconservationefforts一

andrecognizingthemagnificenceoftheYellowstoneregioninparticular-cameintheformofv

ividphotographs.

CAsaneffectiveWashingtonoperator,Haydensensedthathecouldcapitalizeontheexpedi

tion'sstunningvisuals.HeaskedJacksontoprintoutlargecopiesanddistributedthem,alongwit

hreproductionsofMoran'spaintings,toeachmemberofCongress.uThevisualization,parlicularl

ythosephotographs,reallyhithomethatthisissomethingthathastobeprotected,"saysMurphy.

DThoughNativeAmericans(andlaterminersandfurtrappers)hadlongrecognizedthearea

,sriches,mostAmericansdidnot.ThafswhyHayden'sexpeditionaimedtoproduceafullerunde

rstandingoftheYellowstoneRiverregion,fromitshotspringsandwaterfallstoitsvarietyofflora

andfauna.Inadditiontotheentourageofscientists,theteamalsoincludedartists:PainterThoma

sMoranandphotographerWilliamHenryJacksonwerechargedwithcapturingthisastoundingna

turalbeautyandsharingitwiththeworld.

EThejourneyofficiallybeganinOgden,Utah,onJune8J871.Overnearlyfourmonths,do

zenofmanmadetheirwayonhorsebackintoMontanaandtraversedalongtheYellowstoneRiver

andaroundYellowstonelake.Thatfall,theyconcludedthesurveyinfortBridger,Wyoming

FThoughNativeAmericans(andlaterminersandfurtrappers)hadlongrecognizedthearea1

sriches,mostAmericansdidnot.That'swhyHayden'sexpeditionaimedtoproduceafullerunder

standingoftheyellowstoneriverregion,fromit'shotspringsandwaterfallstoitsvarietyoffloraa

ndfauna.Inadditiontotheentourgeofscientists,theteamalsoincludedartists:PainterThomas

MoranandphotographerJacksonwerechargedwithcapturingthisastoundingnaturalbeautyand

sharingitwiththeworld.

GThebillprovedlargelypopularandsailedthroughCongresswithlargemajoritiesinfavor.

Inquicksuccession,theSenateandHousepassedlegislationprotectingyellowstoneinearly1872.

ThatMarch,PresidentUlyssesS.GrantsignedanactintolawthatestablishedYellowstoneasthe

world'sfirstnationalpark.whilesomelocalsopposedtothedesignation,thedecisionwaslargely

accepted-andJackson*sphotosplayedakeyroleinthefighttoprotectthearea.Idon'tbelievethat

thelegalprotectionwouldhavehappenedinthetimeframethatitdidwithoutthoseimages,says

HeatherHansen,journalistandauthorofProphetsandMoguls,RangersandRogues,BisonordBe

ars:100yearsofthenationalParkService.

HPerhapsmostimportantly,theimagesprovideddocumentaryevidencethatlatermadeitsw

aytogovernmentofficials.Weeksaftercompletingtheexpedition,Haydencollectedhisteam'so

bservationintoanextensiverepaimedatconvincingSenatorsandRepresentatives,alongwithcoll

eaguesatgovernmentagencylikethedepartmentofInteriorthatYellowstoneoughttobepreserve

d.

排序

Translation

TherehasbeensomeexplorationaroundtheuseofAIindigitalmarketing.Forexample,AI

canbeusedtoanalysewhattypeofadvertisingcontentorcopywouldbeappropriateto'speakto

aspecifictargetcustomergroupbyrevealinginformationabouttrendsandpreferencesthrough

theanalysisofbigdata.(46)AIcanalsobeusedtoidentifythelifestylechoicesofcustomers

regardingiheirhobbies,favouritecelebritiesandfashionstoprovideuniqueconlenlinmarketing

messagesputoutthroughsocialmedia.AtthesametimeAIcanalsobeusedtogeneratecontent

forsocialmediapostsandchatsites.AIcanalsoprovideabridgebetweentheneedofthebrandto

communicateemotionallywiththecustomerandidentifyingtheirrapidlychangingneeds.

ThemaindisadvantageofusingAItorespondtocustomersisthatthereareconcernsabout

trustingpersonalinteractionstomachines,whichcouldleadnotonlytothesubsequentlossof

interpersonalconnections,butalsotoadecreaseinmarketingpersonnel.(47)Somebelievethat

AIisnegativelyimpactingonthemarketer'srolebyreducingcreativityandremovingjobs,but

theyareawarethatitisawayofreducingcostsandcreatingnewinformation.ByallowingAlto

developcontentsomebrandmarketersmayfindthattheyarelosingcontroloverthebrand

narrative.(48)Algorithmsthatareusedtosimulatehumaninteractionsarecreatingmanyofthese

concerns,especiallyasno-oneis<uilesurewhaltheoutcomesofusingAItoinleraclwith

cuslomcrswillbe.

ForAItobesuccessful,dataneedstobeaccessible,buttheuseofpersonaldataisbecoming

moreregulatedandtheautomatedsharingofdataisbecomingmoredifficult.(49)Ifcustomersare

notwillingtosharedata,AIwillbestarvedofessentialinformationandwillnotbeableto

functioneffectivelyoremploymachinelearningtoimproveitsmarketingcontentand

communication.Therefore,unlesscustomersarepreparedtosignreleaseagreements,theuseof

AImaybecomesomewhatrestrictedinthefuture.NotonlycanAIhelptocreatethemarketing

content,butitcanalsoprovideanon-intrusivewayofdeliveringthecontenttothetarget

customers.Datacanbegatheredonwherethecustomercanbeengaged,suchaslocation,devices

used,websiteinteractions,andsitesvisited,todisplaymarketingmessagesinappropriateforms,

includingemails,socialmediaposts,pop-upadvertisements,andbannersatanappropriate

frequency.(50)Thenon-inlrusivedeliveryofthemarketingmessagesinawayIhalissensilivelo

theneedsofthetargetcustomerisoneofthecriticalchallengestothedigitalmarketer.

WritingPartA

Directions:

WriteanoticetorecruitastudentforProf.Smith*sresearchprojectoncampussportsactiviti

es.Specifythedutiesandrequirementsofthejob.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing^instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

WritingPartB

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthepicturebelow.Inyouressayyoushould

1)describethepicturebriefly,

2)interprettheimpliedmeaning,andgiveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHIEET.(20points)

断腼虎舟

养法来林妙匍］

【2023年考研英语（一）真题逐题细解倒

SectionIUseofEnglish

今年英语知识运用部分选自2021年12月2日发表于网站YUMPU上的一篇文章，主要介绍了丝绸之路上的

商队客栈。文章首先介绍了商队客栈的含义、地理位置等信息，并解释了商队客栈（Caravanserais）的名称来源，

随后回顾了商队客栈发展的起源，最后从文化交流和货物贸易等方面说明了商队客栈的重要作用。

英汉对照

[l]@Caravanseraiswereroadsideinnsthatwerebuiltalong商队客栈是沿着丝绸之路在途经地区，包

theSilkRoadinareasincludingChina,NorthAfricaandthe括中国、北非和中东地区在内，建造的路边客

MiddleEasi.②Theyweretypically(1)locatedoutsidethewalls栈。它们通常⑴位于城市或村庄的围墙之外，

ofacityorvillageandwereusuallyfundedbygovernmentsor一般由政府或（2）私人资助。

(2)privately.

“Caravanserais”一词是波斯语“karvan”

[2]OThisword"CaravanseraisMisa(3)combinationofthe

和“seray”的⑶结合体，"karvan”的意思

Persianword“karvan”,whichmeansagroupoftravellersora

caravan,and“seray'apalaceorenclosedbuilding.Theterm是一群旅行者或一支商队，而“smy”的意思

caravanwasusedto(4)describegroupsofpeoplewhotravelled是宫殿或封闭式建筑。"caravan”一词被用来

togetheracrosstheancientnetworkforsafetyreasons,(5)such⑷描述一群出于安全考虑而结伴穿越古线路

asmerchants,t