全新版大学英语第二册第一单元Unit-1-Learning-Chinese-style

Unit1WaysofLearningTextALearning,Chinese-styleASurveyDoyouagreewiththefollowingstatements?Playisthebestwaytolearn.Childrendeveloplifeskillsbestthroughformalprograms.Childrenarenaturallycurious,inspired,motivatedlearners,butsometimestheenjoymentoflearningcangetlostinthepressureto“succeed”informaleducation.Parentsarethemostimportantinstructorstothechildren,sotheyshouldgiveasmuchguidanceaspossible.Warm-upActivity(I)Twochildrenaregiventwohulahoops,atoytheyareunfamiliarwith.★Maryisgivenahulahoopwithinstructionsonhowtouseit.★Jackisgivenahulahoopwithnoinstructions.Whatkindofoutcomesdoyouexpect?Warm-upActivity(I)Possibleoutcomes:Marylearnstokeepthehulahoopinmotionbymovingherbodyincertainways.Jackexploresthehoopanddiscoversit’sbigenoughtostepthrough.Hethenbalancesthehoopbetweentwoobjectsandpracticeskickingaballthroughthehoop.Howdoyoucommentonthesetwooutcomes?Warm-upActivity(I)Bothoutcomesaregood.Mary,becauseshefollowedthedirectionsgiven,learntausefulplayskill.Jack,ontheotherhand,hadtheexperienceofexploringanddiscoveringanitemhewasunfamiliarwith,andusedhishoopinadifferent,butequallyplayfulway.Whichonedoyouthinkisbetterindevelopingcreativity?Warming-up(II)

Supposeyouwereaparent,whatwouldyoudoonthefollowingoccasion?Whenyousawa2-year-oldbabyfallingbeforeyouandcrying.WhatanAmericanparentwouldprobablydoontheaboveoccasion?QuestionstoConsiderAsfarasyouareconcerned,whatarethedifferencesinchildeducationbetweenChinaandAmerica?Givemoreexamples.ChineseAmericansDifferentwaysofteachingchildrenbetweenChineseandAmericansGivePriorityto

SkillsGivePrioritytocreativityTeachbyholdingone’shand,shapingandmodeling.Teachachildtorelyonhimselftosolveproblems.

Topic:CulturalDifferencesbetweenChinaandtheU.S.

VSLifestyleIndividualism:Collectivism:Self-reliance/

Self-promotion/independenceTwoheadsarebetterthanone.Sacrificeforthegreatergood.LeadershipAmericanDreamHierarchyEquality,LibertyConfucianismMeltingPotChinese:

emphasizethefamilyemphasizetheorder,disciplinerequiretheindividualsfitintothegroupAmerican:

emphasizetheindividual(I)

pursetheindividualrightsmaximalindividualpotentialHowardGardnerHowardGardner(July11,1943-):AmericanPsychologistandEducator,professorofeducationatHarvardUniversityPart1:beginningPart2:middlePart3:conclusion1.Whatdoesthetextbeginwith?2.Whatarehisthoughtsmainlyabout?3.Whatkindofendwindsupthetext?TextOrganization(P10)1.Thetextbeginswithan

anecdote/incident.2.HisthoughtaremainlyaboutdifferentapproachestolearninginChinaandtheWest.

3.Theendwindsupthetextwithasuggestionintheformofaquestion.Part1:Pleasereadparagraph1to5carefully.(5minutes)JinlingHotel,LobbyroomkeyattachedtoalargeplasticblockwithanumberonitAboxwithaslotQuestionsaboutpara.1-5Whereandwhendidtheincidenttakeplace?Whoarethemaincharactersinthisincident?Part1:Paras.1-5TrueorfalseBenjaminwasworriedthathecouldn’tputthekeyintothebox.IntheChinesestaff’sopinion,theparentsshouldguideBenjamintoinsertthekey.Paras.1-51.HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinTextA?The

anecdote.key-slotWaysofIntroducingaThemeStatingthetopicdirectlyPosingaquestionQuotingafamoussayingRelatingananecdoteoranincidentParas.1-52.SumupthecontrastbetweentheattitudeofthecoupleandthatofthehotelstafftowardBenjamin’seffortsininsertingthekeyintotheslot.1)Thecouple:lethim

and______

himself.2)Thehotelstaff:heldhis_________and_________himhowtoinsertthekeycorrectly.exploreenjoyhandtaughtLanguagePointsinPart1attachfindone’swayphenomenoninitialassistinsertsomewhatawaitonoccasionneglectrelevantthrowlightonattach

vt

fastenorjoin(onethingtoanother)attachAtoBBbeattached

toAApricetagwasattachedtoeacharticleinthesupermarket.Doyouattachmuchimportancetowhathesays?Syn:fastenOpp:detachn.attachment:Pleaseseetheattachmentofmyemail.findone’swayarriveorgetsomewhere虽然他醉了，但还是找回了家。Althoughhewasdrunk,hestillfoundhiswayhome.phenomenon

n.happening,occasion,event(pl.phenomena)

naturalphenomena

Polarlightisabeautifulnaturalphenomenon.initial

adj.

atthebeginning;firstTheinitialtalkswerethebaseofthelateragreement.theinitialletterofawordassistv.(formal)help,support(n.assistance,assistant)assistsb

todo

sth;assistsb

with

sth,assistsb

in(doing)

sth.eg.assist

sbtofillintheforms

assist

sbwith

assist

sbinform-fillingfillingintheformsawaitvt.waitfore.g.Hewasanxiouslyawaitingherreply.Hewasanxiouslyherreply.waitingforonoccasionnowandthen,occasionally,onceinawhile,attimes,fromtimetotime有时，间或Eg.Youhaveonoccasionsurprisedpeople.occasionn.aparticulartimewhensth.happensontheoccasionof在…之际

ontheoccasionofsb’sweddingneglectvtGivetoolittleattentionorcareto1.废寝忘食neglectone’smealsandsleep2.离开时别忘了锁门。Don’tneglecttolockthedoorwhenyouleave.neglect,ignore&omitneglect

指对职责、义务或者应做的事没有给予足够的注意。有意的或无意的。

Thosewhoneglecttheirdutiesshouldbepunished.ignore

指疏忽、不顾，强调对某人或者某物故意不理会

WhenIsawTom,Istoppedtogreethim,butheignoredmeandwalkedon.omit

指因为专注或疏忽而忘记某事,这种失误可能是有意或无意的

Sheshouldnotomittovisitthemuseum.relevantadj.directlyconnectedwiththesubject,havingtodowiththematterathandn.relevanceEg.Hiscolorisnotrelevanttowhetherhe’sagoodlawyer.opp:irrelevant

Hiscoloris

whetherhe’sagoodlawyer.irrelevanttothrow/shedlighton

helpunderstand,makeclearThesefacts

newlight

thematter.SentencesBecauseofhistenderageandincompleteunderstandingoftheneedtopositionthekeyjustso,hewouldusuallyfail.Paraphrasethesentence.Becausehewassoyounganddidn’tquiteknowthatheshouldpositionthekeycarefullytofitintothenarrowkeyslot,hewouldusuallyfail.

Benjaminwasnotbotheredintheleast.Paraphrasethesentence.Benjaminwasnotbotheredatall.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.本杰明一点也不在意。…andtothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity.Paraphrasethispartofthesentence.AndtohelpexplainChineseattitudestowardcreativity.SentenceTranslation

1. ButoneofthemosttellinglessonsEllenandIgotinthedifferencebetweenChineseandAmericanideasofeducationcamenotintheclassroombutinthelobbyoftheJinlingHotelwherewestayedinNanjing.然而，我和艾伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。2.Heprobablygotasmuchpleasureoutofthesoundsthekeymadeashedidthosefewtimeswhenthekeyactuallyfounditswayintotheslot.他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。3.IsoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoourassignedtasksinChina:toinvestigatethewaysofearlychildhoodeducation(especiallyinthearts),andtothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity.我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。Part2:Para.6-Para.131.ReadthefirstsentenceofbothPara6andPara7,anddecidewhatmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere.Contrastvs.ComparisonContrast:toexplainhowtwoormorethingsaredifferent

Comparison:toexplainhowtwoormorethingsarealikeComparisonandcontrast:howtwoormorethingsarealikeanddifferentContrastvs.ComparisonUsefulexpressionsComparison:like,thesameas,alike,similar,likewise,and,aswellas,also,too,justas,asdo,bothContrast:unlike,incontrastto,differentfrom,however,whereas,but,asopposedto,ontheotherhandone-side-at-a-timemethod:examineonesubjectthoroughlyandthenstarttheother.Point-by-pointmethod:examinetwoobjectsatthesametime,discussingthempointbypoint.MethodsofComparisonandContrast

Part2:Para.6-Para131.ReadthefirstsentenceofbothPara6andPara7,anddecidewhatmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere.one-side-at-a-timemethod2.SumupthecontrastbetweenChineseandWesternwaystolearntofulfillatask.TheChineseshowachildhowtodosomething,orteachingbyholdinghandTheWesterners

letachildexplore,teachinghimtorelyonhimselfforsolutionstoproblems.3.ReadfromPara11toPara13.Whichmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere?Point-by-pointmethodPoint1:Para.11attitudestocreativityPoint2:Para.12fearswebothharborPoint3:Para.13greyarea4.ThecontrastbetweentheChineseandtheWesternattitudestowardcreativityandbasicskills：TheChinese

giveprioritytodevelopingskillsatanearlyage,believingthatcreativitycanbepromotedovertime.TheWesternersputmoreemphasisonfosteringcreativityinyoungchildren,thinkingthatskillscanbepickeduplater.LanguagePointsinPart2exceptiondesirableaccomplishinduecoursecriticalprincipalmakeupforinretrospectcometosb’srescueextremesomuchsothatcontinualLanguagePointsinPart2applyworkon/atpriorityevolvesummarizecontrastontheotherhandpromoteemergepickupenormousexaggerateexceptionn.例外Thereisanexceptiontothisgrammaticalrule.withafew/fewexceptions除一些/少数例外withtheexceptionof

将…除外Wealllaughed,

Maggie.withtheexceptionofMaggie1.WithafewexceptionsmyChinesecolleaguesdisplayedthesameattitudeasthestaffattheJinlingHotel.Translatethesentence

我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。approachv.comenearerto接近

v.(beginto)dealwithn.methodofdoingsth.

desirablea.worthachieving;worthwantingThisstreetisavery

locationforalargedepartmentstore.Itismostdesirablethatheshouldattendtheconference.opp:undesirabledesirablevsdesireddesirableaccomplishvt.managetodo(sth)

Shehas

accomplishedagreatdealinthelastfewyears.

accomplishone’sobject/goal/task/missioninduecourse

atthepropertimeBepatient.You’llgetyourpromotioninduecourse.due

a.

expectedThefinalresultsoftheexperimentaredueonDecember9.dueto

prep.becauseofHewasabsentfromclassduetoillness.criticala.1)veryimportantAsecondincomeis

thefamily’swell-being.Syn.crucial,importantacriticaldecision;acriticalmomentcritical

to2)veryseriousordangerousacriticalshortageoffood

acriticalconditionacriticalillness

Heisstill

inhospital.inacritical

condition3.Butthecriticalpointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。principala.main;chieftheprincipalfoodofIndiansOurprincipalproblemislackoftime.

aprincipalvalueofchildrearingn.someonewhoisinchargetheschool/universityprincipalPrincipal&PrinciplePrinciple名词,基本的东西或规则和标准

Heconsideredhimselftobeamanofprinciple.Principal名词（居于高位或者担任重要角色的人物）、形容词（主要的）.ameetingamongalltheprincipalsinthetransactionExerciseP17makeupforrepaywithsthgood;compensateforTheteamwillbeanxioustomakeupforadisappointingstarttotheseason.Ididn’ttravelmuchwhenIwasyounger,butI’mcertainlymakingupfor

losttimenow.GrammaticalStructureswhetherit(he)be…or…--whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot,drawingahenormakingupforamisdeed…(line52-53)be-型虚拟的一种，意为“不管（不论）是…还是…”，表示让步，其省略结构为beit…,behe…or…等，必须倒装。如：

Whethersheberightorwrong,shewillhavemyunswervingsupport.Ex.Everydayhetakesawalkintheparkintheevening,________________________（不论阴天还是晴天）.whetheritbefineorraininginretrospect

uponreflectionTherearesomethingsthatyouonlybecometotallyconsciousof

.Inretrospect,whatIhavedoneisclearlyabsurd.inretrospect4.Inretrospect,itbecamecleartomethatthisincidentwasindeedkey—andkeyinmorethanonesense.回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在.cometothe/somebody'srescuea)Alifeboatcametotheyachtsman's

rescue.b)Carol'sbrothercametotherescueandsenther$1000.救援解围extremen.

eitherendofanything

走极端adj.

mostremote;verygreat,severe,drastic,extendingfarbeyondthenorm

极刑处在极度痛苦中gotoextremesextremepenaltyinextremepainfacility

n.1)abilitytodosth.easilyandwellhavegreat

learninglanguages2)(pl)equipment,aids,etc.whichmakeeasytodothingssportsfacilitiesentertainmentfacilitiesfacilitatev.

makeeasyModerninventionshavefacilitatedhousework.facility

insomuchsothat:tosuchanextent

一些父母宠爱他们的孩子，以至于从未要求他们做过家务活。

Someparentsspoiltheirchildren,somuchsothattheyneveraskthemtodoanyhousework.IcametorealizethattheseChinesewerenotjustmoldingandshapingBenjamin’sperformanceinanyoldmanner:InthebestChinesetradition,theywereba

zhe

shou

jiao---“teachingbyholdinghishand”---somuchsothathewouldhappilycomebackformore.Translatethissentence.我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。Continual&Continuous不断的continual:separateactionswhicharerepeatedoveraperiodoftimecontinuous:anactioncarriesonwithoutstoppingorinterrupting1.Shehasenduredhousearrest(软禁)and

harassmentbythepolice.

economicgrowthcontinualcontinuousapplyvi1)bepertinentorrelevantTheadvicegivenbytheprofessoronly

someofthecollegestudents.2)writealetterorfillinaforminordertoaskformallyforsth.Hedecidedto________

jointheStudents’Union.Hedecidedto________

theStudents’Union.appliestoapply

toapplyforpriorityn.

sththatonemustdobeforeanythingelse,sththatholdsahighplaceamongcompetingclaimsKeepingeconomystrongis

.prior(to):

earlierintime,orderorimportanceAllthearrangementsshouldbecompletedpriortoyourdeparture.thefirstpriorityParaphrase…youngWesternersmakingtheirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition…Whatdoesmakingtheirboldestdeparturesmean?Doingsth.differentfromanestablishedruleortradition.TranslatethispartintoChinese.

西方的年轻人先是大胆创新，然后逐渐深谙传统。evolvevi

developgraduallyevole

into

进化成,发展成evolve

from/outof

由…演化而成;从…发展而来Somepeoplebelievethatweevolved

___theapes.fromsummarizev.-ize

动词后缀.1)与名词结合,构成动词,表示与原名词词义有关的动作

apologizecharacterizecriticizememorizeemphasizerevolutionize2)或者与表示状况或者情况的名词/形容词结合构成动词,描述使原词提及的状态或情况得以实现而采用的方式

modernizesterilizestandardizecontrastv.

compare(twopeopleorthings)sothatdifferencesaremadeclearcontrastAwith/andBInherspeechshecontrastedthegovernment’soptimisticpromiseswithitsdisappointingachievements.n.

differencebetweenthingscomparedsharp/striking/startling/strongcontrastharborn.

placeofshelterforshipsAlltheshipsstayedintheharborduringthestorm.vt.keep(sth)secretlyinone’smind怀有

Hemightbeharboringthoughtsofrevenge.5.Thecontrastbetweenourtwoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.我们两种文化的差异也可以从我们各自所怀的忧虑中显示出来。ontheonehand…ontheotherhandtointroducetwocontrastingcircumstancesI'dliketoeatout,but

Ishouldbetryingtosavemoney.ontheotherhandpromotevt.helptogrowordevelopmakeneweffortstopromotetheworldpeacepromoteeconomicgrowthemerge

vi.

comeout(fromwateretc)Eventuallythetruthofthematteremerged.

我的脑海里浮现出一个极妙的想法。

Awonderfulideaemergedinmymind.

emergence&emergencyemergence:emergingemergency:aserious,unexpectedsituationoroccurrencethatdemandsimmediateactionIncaseof

,pressthealarmbutton.thecompany's

frombankruptcyemergencyemergencepickup1)tolift(someoneorsomething),asfromthefloororfurniture2)tocollect(someoneorsomething);arrangetomeet(someone)esp.forajourney3)tobeabletoreceive(somethingsuchaselectricity,soundwaves,etc.)withamachine4)(notfml)tolearn(sthsuchasinformation),ofteninformallyorbychance5)improvepickupTradehasbeenpickingupagainsincethewinterIwillpickyouupatyourplaceat8.Thesearchersatlastpickedupasignalfromthecrashedplane.HecanonlyhavepickedupsuchexcellentEnglishbylivinginthecountryforsomeyears.Part3:Para14Therearemanywaystoconcludeanessay.Howdoestheauthorendthistext?()A)Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned.B)Proposingasolution.C)Quotingfromsomebooksorpeople.D)Predictingfuturedevelopments.E)Makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion.ELanguagePointsinPart3assuming(that)validworthwhilesuperiorAssuming(that):if,假设…

假设我们都以这种速度工作，这个项目下月就能完成了。

Assumingthatweallworkatthisrate,thisprojectshouldbefinishednextmonth.assuming(that)Byassumingthat

thecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid,andthat…(line98-102)表假定（表示真实条件，其从句谓语动词用陈述语气），有时表让步。如：Assumingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?Cf.suppose/supposingthat表“如果，假如”。可用于虚拟语气和陈述语气。Suppose(that)youhadonemilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?（虚拟语气）Ex.

_____________________(就算这是真的),you’restillwrong.Assumingthatitistruevalidadj

1)有充分证据的,正当的

Theyhavevalidreasonsforrefusingtodoit.2)(法律)有效的

Thelicenseisvalidforthreemonths.worthwhileadj.worthdoing;worththetroubletakenHereissomeworthwhileadvicetoanyyoungbusinessman.worthwhile

adj.worthdoing,worththetroubletaken值得（花时间和精力）的:It'sworthwhilereadingthenovel.Or:Readingthenovelisworthwhile.Itisworthwhiletoconsidertheplan.Or:Toconsidertheplanisworthwhile.护理工作是很值得干的职业.Nursingisaveryworthwhilecareer.Cf.

worth,worthyworth:givingorlikelytogiveasatisfactoryorrewardingreturnfor(doingsth)Thebookisworthreading.It’sworthwhilereadingthebook.It’snotworththetrouble.worthy:[作表语]deservingsthortodosth

应得某事物;值得某事【~ofsth/beingdone】【~todosth/tobedone】:Thebookisworthyofcarefulstudy/beingstudiedcarefully.[作定语]aworthycause崇高的事业Ex.填空Herachievementsare_______ofthehighestpraise.Itisa__________job.Itisn‘t__________waitingforhim.改错：F:Theplaceisnotworthvisitingit.T:Theplaceisnotworthvisiting.F:Theplaceisworthwhilevisiting.T：Visitingtheplaceisworthwhile.worthyworthwhileworthwhile

superioradj.

bebetterthanaverageorthanothersofthesametypebesuperior

tobesuperior

inTheenemieswere

numbers.Thiscarpetisfar

thatoneinquality.opp:

inferiorsuperior

insuperior

toCanwegather,fromtheChineseandAmericanextremes,asuperiorwaytoapproacheducation,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskills?TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.我们能否从中美两个极端中寻求一种更好的教育方式，它或许能在创造力与基本技能这两极之间获得某种较好的平衡?Doyouthinkthatwecanfindabetterwayto