山东省菏泽市2023年高三《英语》上学期期末试题与参考答案

山东省菏泽市2023年高三《英语》上学期期末试题与参考答案第一部分：阅读第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearefouryoungestathleteswhowonthegoldmedalintheOlympics.Theirachievementsarerecordedinthehistoryofprofessionalsports.MarjorieGestringMarjorieGestringwasonly13yearsand268daysoldwhenshewonagoldmedalforhercounty.After1936,theOlympiesweresoppedfortheSecondWorldWar.Followingtheconclusionofthewar,shecouldnotqualifyforthe1948LondonOlympics.MarjorieGestringwouldhavewonmoregoldmedalsconsideringhertalentifnotfortheWorldWarII.KlausZertaKlausZertawasonly13yearsand283daysoldwhenhewonagoldmedalatthe1960OlympicsinRome,Italy.HecooperatedwithhisteammatesBernhardKnubelandHeinzRennebergtowinthegoldmedal.KlauswasfromWestGermanybutrepresentedtheunifiedteamofGermanyattheOlympics.Moreover,heistheyoungestconfirmedmaleathletetowinthegoldmedalinthehistoryoftheSummerOlympics.FuMingxiaChinesefemalediverFuMingxiaispopularforbeingoneoftheyoungestOlympicdivingchampions.Shewonagoldmedalatthe1992OlympicGamesinBarcelonawhenshewasjust13yearsand345daysold.HerlastOlympicgoldmedalcameduringthe2000SydneyOlympics,whichemphasizedtheenvironmentalprotectionandthereductioninwaste.Withthefourthgoldmedal,shejoinedAmericansPatMcCormickandGregLouganisastheworld’sonlyquadruple(四次的)Olympicdivingchampions.NadiaComaneciNadiaComaneciisafivetimeOlympicgoldmedalist.Sheisaretiredgymnastandoneoftheyoungestathletestowinthegoldmedal.In1976,shebecamethefirstgymnasttoreceiveaperfectscoreof10.Shewasmerely14yearsoldwhenshesecuredthegoldmedalatthe1976MontrealOlympics.Interestingly,backthen,agymnasthadtobe14toparticipatebutlatertheagelimitwentupto16.1.Whichofthefollowingplayersplayedteamsports?A.MarjorieGestring. B.KlausZerta.C.FuMingxia. D.NadiaComaneci.2WhichOlympicsmightcomeupwiththeconceptof“GreenOlympics”?AThe1948LondonOlympics. B.The1992BarcelonaOlympics.C.The1976MontrealOlympics. D.The2000SydneyOlympics.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.KlausZertadefeatedBernhardKnubelandHeinzRennebergin1960.B.FuMingxiawonmoreOlympic-divingchampionsthanPatMcCormick.C.MarjorieGestringdidn’tparticipateintheOlympicsbecauseofthewarin1948.D.ItisimpossibletobreakNadiaComaneci’srecordastheyoungestgymnastgoldmedalist.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了四名最年轻的运动员在奥运会上获得金牌的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章的KlausZerta部分“HecooperatedwithhisteammatesBernhardKnubelandHeinzRennebergtowinthegoldmedal.(他与队友伯恩哈德·克努贝尔和海因兹·伦内伯格合作，赢得金牌。)”可知，KlausZerta参加了团体活动，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章的FuMingxia部分“HerlastOlympicgoldmedalcameduringthe2000SydneyOlympics,whichemphasizedtheenvironmentalprotectionandthereductioninwaste.(她最后一枚奥运金牌是在2000年悉尼奥运会期间获得的，该奥运会强调了环境保护和减少浪费。)”可知，本届奥运会强调了“保护环境和减少浪费”的理念，符合绿色奥运会的理念。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章NadiaComaneci部分“In1976,shebecamethefirstgymnasttoreceiveaperfectscoreof10.Shewasmerely14yearsoldwhenshesecuredthegoldmedalatthe1976MontrealOlympics.Interestingly,backthen,agymnasthadtobe14toparticipatebutlatertheagelimitwentupto16.(1976年，她成为第一位获得满分10分的体操运动员。她在1976年蒙特利尔奥运会上获得金牌时只有14岁。有趣的是，当时体操运动员必须年满14岁才能参加比赛，但后来年龄限制提高到了16岁。)”可知，NadiaComaneci在14岁就获得了金牌，后面参赛年龄提高到了16岁，可以推断作为最年轻的金牌得主的记录很难被打破。故选D项。BLately,I’vebeentravelingaroundtheworld.NolongeramIwakingupfarawayfrommyhome,tiredfromalatenightofwritingdownthestoriesIcollectedthedaybefore.Thingsaredifferentnow,andeachdaymytravelsbeginlikethis:Isitdownatmydiningtable,usuallyearlyinthemorningorlateatnightwhennobodyelseisawake,andIlistentotheradio.Theradiostationisalwaysfromsomewherethatisn’thereinNewYork,andmostoftenitcomesfromafree-to-usewebsitecalledRadioGarden.MoveyourmouseandmaybeyouwilllandinBujumbura,Burundi;inDibrugarh,India;orontheedgeoftheSouthPacific.Seeminglynomatterhowlargeorsmallthebroadcasteris,ifitsendsoutasignalonline,itcanappearonthesiteandyoucanlistentoit.Duringthepandemic,RadioGarden,whichisnowavailableasanapp,attimesattractedasmanyas15millionmonthlylisteners.“Wereceivedmanyheartwarmingemailsfrompeoplestuckathomeexpressingtheirgratitudefortheservice,”saidJonathanPuckey,thesite’sfounder.RadioGardenbeganasaprojectoftheNetherlandsInstituteforSoundandVision,wheredesignersandcomputerprogrammersoverlaid(覆盖)stationstreamswiththeirgeographicallocationsona3-Dmapoftheworld.Asaresult,thereismorethanonewaytotransmit.VisitingacountrylikeColombiabroughtbackmemoriesofpasttrips--romanticaccordionmusicremindingmeofbusridesontheruralroads.WherewillyouvisitfirstontheRadioGardenglobe?Forme,thrillingasitistodropinonOuagadougouorUlaanbaatarortheAzores,it’sallaboutpersonalhistory:IwasbornandraisedinNewYork,butmyfamilyisfromeverywhere—LatinAmerica,theMiddleEast,andplacesinbetween.Myancestorsweremerchantswhotradedingoodsandcultures.Now,becauseoftheirwanderings,piecesofsixlanguagesstillflyacrossourdinnertables.ThankstoRadioGarden,myfamilycancrossplanesofspaceandtimewithoutworry!4.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphfocuson?A.Thejoysofradiotravel. B.Asceneoftravelingbyradio.C.Apopularwayoftraveling. D.Thedifferenceinthistravel.5.WhatdoweknowaboutRadioGarden?A.Itisaffordable. B.Itiswidelyaccepted.C.Itiseasytomaintain. D.ItisbasedinNewYork.6.WhatdoestheauthorthinkisthegreatestadvantageofRadioGarden?A.Simplifyingtravelschedules. B.Makingtourismpopularagain.C.Improvingthetravelingexperience. D.Promotingthevirtualrealitytravel.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.RadioGardenisexpandingquickly.B.RadioGardenincreasesglobalconnections.C.RadioGardenbenefitsfromglobalawareness.D.RadioGardenfacilitatesthedevelopmentoftourism.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了RadioGarden，一个相当棒的可以线上收听全球电台广播的网站。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Lately,I’vebeentravelingaroundtheworld.NolongeramIwakingupfarawayfrommyhome,tiredfromalatenightofwritingdownthestoriesIcollectedthedaybefore.Thingsaredifferentnow,andeachdaymytravelsbeginlikethis:1sitdownatmydiningtable,usuallyearlyinthemorningorlateatnightwhennobodyelseisawake,andIlistentotheradio.(最近，我一直在周游世界。我不再在离家很远的地方醒来，不再因为熬夜写下前一天收集的故事而感到疲惫。现在情况不同了，我每天的旅行都是这样开始的：我坐在餐桌旁，通常是在清晨或深夜，那时没有人醒着，我听收音机。)”可知，第一段的重点是用广播旅行的场景。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theradiostationisalwaysfromsomewherethatisn’thereinNewYork,andmostoftenitcomesfromafree-to-usewebsitecalledRadioGarden.MoveyourmouseandmaybeyouwilllandinBujumbura,Burundi;inDibrugarh,India;orontheedgeoftheSouthPacific.Seeminglynomatterhowlargeorsmallthebroadcasteris,ifitsendsoutasignalonline,itcanappearonthesiteandyoucanlistentoit.(电台总是来自纽约以外的地方，最常见的是来自一个名为radioGarden的免费网站。移动你的鼠标，也许你会降落在布琼布拉，布隆迪；在印度的迪布鲁加尔；或者在南太平洋的边缘似乎无论广播公司是大是小，只要它在网上发出信号，就能出现在网站上，你就能听到。)”和第三段“Duringthepandemic,RadioGarden,whichisnowavailableasanapp,attimesattractedasmanyas15millionmonthlylisteners.(疫情期间，RadioGarden有时每月吸引1500万听众。RadioGarden现在是一款应用程序。)”可知，radioGarden被广泛接受。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“RadioGardenbeganasaprojectoftheNetherlandsInstituteforSoundandVision,wheredesignersandcomputerprogrammersoverlaid(覆盖)stationstreamswiththeirgeographicallocationsona3-Dmapoftheworld.(无线电花园最初是荷兰声音与视觉研究所的一个项目，设计师和计算机程序员在3D世界地图上叠加电台流和地理位置。)”和根据第四段“VisitingacountrylikeColombiabroughtbackmemoriesofpasttrips--romanticaccordionmusicremindingmeofbusridesontheruralroads.”（访问哥伦比亚这样的国家使我回想起过去的旅行——浪漫的手风琴音乐使我想起在乡村道路上乘坐公共汽车的情景。）最后一段“ThankstoRadioGarden,myfamilycancrossplanesofspaceandtimewithoutworry!(感谢RadioGarden，我的家人可以毫无顾虑地跨越时空!)”可知，作者认为RadioGarden最大的优势是推动虚拟现实旅游。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Myancestorsweremerchantswhotradedingoodsandcultures.Now,becauseoftheirwanderings,piecesofsixlanguagesstillflyacrossourdinnertables.ThankstoRadioGarden,myfamilycancrossplanesofspaceandtimewithoutworry!(我的祖先是从事商品和文化贸易的商人。现在，由于他们的流浪，六种语言的碎片仍然在我们的餐桌上飞来飞去。感谢RadioGarden，我的家人可以毫无顾虑地跨越时空)”可推断，RadioGarden增加全球联系。故选B。CPeopledophysicalexerciseaspartoftheirhealthylifestyletogetstrongerandhealthier.Therearethreebasicmodesofphysicalexercise:flexibilityexercisehelpsthehumanbodyingeneraloritspartinparticulartobeabletoreachfartherandbendbetter;aerobicexercisehelpsthebodyworkhardforalongtime;anaerobicexercisemakesthearmsandlegsstronger.Ithaslongbeenknownthatexerciseisnotonlygoodforyourbody,butalsoforyourmind.Accordingtoresearchers,gymnastsaremorelikelytobeemotionallystable,footballplayersthemostoutgoingandswimmersthehappiest.Thepsychologicalstudy,whichwascarriedoutbyexperts,alsorevealedthatsportscanalsooffercluestoaperson’sattitudetocharity,readinghabitsandeventheirvotingintentions.Boxers,forexample,aremostlikelytofocusonmaterialpossessionsinlife.Meanwhile,runnerstendtobeoutgoingpeoplewholovebeingthecentreofattention.Walkers,agroupthatincludesthosewhoenjoywanderingandcross-countryraces,areleastconcernedaboutotherpeopleandlikedoingthingsbythemselveswithoutinterruptionfromothers.Thosewhoplaychessareconfidentwhentheyfacechallengesandtrouble.Thosewhoswimtendtobetidyandcharitable.However,accordingtoMindLab,61percentofadultsarefondofhelpingothersregardlessoftheirchoiceofsports.Theresultsfromthisstudyalsoshowthatnomatterwhatkindofpersonyouare,thereistherightkindofexerciseforyou.8.Whichofthefollowingsportsbelongstoflexibilityexercise?A.Running. B.Swimming. C.Football. D.Gymnastics.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Walkersenjoylonelinessintheirlives.B.Boxerstendtoignorewealthinlife.C.Runnershavegreatpowerofconcentration.D.Chessplayerslikechallengingotherpeople.10.WhydoestheauthormentionMindLabinParagraph4?A.Tomakeacontrast. B.Todrawacomparison.C.Toplaceanemphasis. D.Togiveanexample.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Howcanyouchoosesuitablesports?B.Whatkindofsportscanbenefityoumost?C.Howcansportskeepyoumentallyhealthy?D.Whatdoesyourchoiceofsportstellaboutyou?【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运动类型的选择与个人性格特点之间的联系。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“flexibilityexercisehelpsthehumanbodyingeneraloritspartinparticulartobeabletoreachfartherandbendbetter.(柔韧性运动有助于人整体或特定部位能够伸得更远，弯曲得更好。)”可知，柔韧性运动是一种拉伸类的运动，体操属于该运动。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四自然段“Walkers,agroupthatincludesthosewhoenjoywanderingandcross-countryraces,areleastconcernedaboutotherpeopleandlikedoingthingsbythemselveswithoutinterruptionfromothers.(步行者包括那些喜欢闲逛和越野比赛的人，他们最不关心他人，喜欢自己做事情，不受他人干扰。)”可知，步行的人不关心别人，喜欢在生活中享受孤独。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四自然段“Thosewhoswimtendtobetidyandcharitable.However,accordingtoMindLab,61percentofadultsarefondofhelpingothersregardlessoftheirchoiceofsports.(然而，根据思维实验室的调查，61%的成年人喜欢帮助别人，不管他们选择什么运动。)”可知，作者提到实验室的调查是为了与前文的结论形成对比。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Ithaslongbeenknownthatexerciseisnotonlygoodforyourbody,butalsoforyourmind.Accordingtoresearchers,gymnastsaremorelikelytobeemotionallystable,footballplayersthemostoutgoingandswimmersthehappiest.(众所周知，锻炼不仅对你的身体有好处，而且对你的思想也有好处。据研究人员称，体操运动员情绪更稳定，足球运动员最外向，游泳运动员最快乐。)”第四段“Thepsychologicalstudy,whichwascarriedoutbyexperts,alsorevealedthatsportscanalsooffercluestoaperson’sattitudetocharity,readinghabitsandeventheirvotingintentions.(这项由专家进行的心理学研究还显示，体育运动还可以揭示一个人对慈善事业的态度、阅读习惯，甚至他们的投票意愿。)”以及最后一段“Theresultsfromthisstudyalsoshowthatnomatterwhatkindofpersonyouare,thereistherightkindofexerciseforyou.(这项研究的结果还表明，无论你是什么样的人，都有适合你的锻炼方式。)”可知，文章主要介绍了运动的选择和个人特点之间的联系。故选D项。DConsumersintheU.S.spendbillionsofdollarsayearongiftswrapping.TwocolleaguesandIwonderedwhetherallthattimeandeffortisactuallyworthit.Soweconductedthreeexperimentstoexploretheimpactofgiftwrapping.Inthefirstexperiment,weinvolved180students,whoweregivenagift—acoffeecupwiththelogoofoneoftwoNBAbasketballteams,thelocalMiamiHeatorrival(竞争对手)OrlandoMagic.EveryparticipantwasafanoftheHeatandtheyobviouslydidn’tsupporttheMagic.Wegavehalfofthestudentsadesirablegift,whiletheothersreceivedsomethingtheydisliked.Finally,halfofthegiftswerewrappedneatly,whiletherestlookedsloppy(凌乱的).Wefoundthatthosewhoreceivedasloppilywrappedgiftlikedtheirpresentsignificantlymorethanthosewhoreceivedaneatlywrappedgift—regardlessofwhichcuptheygot.Tounderstandwhy,weaskedanothersetofstudentstoreporttheirexpectationsabouteitheraneatlyorsloppilywrappedgift.Resultsshowedthatexpectationsweresignificantlyhigherfortheneatlywrappedgifts.However,receiversoftheneatlywrappedgiftreportedthatitfailedtoliveuptotheirexpectations,whilethosewhogotthesloppilywrappedgiftsaiditsurpassed(超过)theirexpectations.Inourfinalexperiment,wesurveyed261adultsandaskedthemtoimaginereceivingeitheraneatlyorsloppilywrappedgift.Thistimeweinstructedhalfofthemtoimaginethegiftwasfromaclosefriend,whiletheotherhalfbelieveditcamefromanacquaintance(熟人).Thenwerevealedthegiftandaskedthemtorateit.Whenitcamefromaclosefriend,receiversendeduplikingthesloppilywrappedgiftmore.However,forthegiftfromanacquaintance,receiverspreferreditwhenitwasneatlywrapped.Thisoccursbecausetheseparticipantsusedthewrappingasacueforhowmuchthegift-givervaluestheirrelationship.Soifyou’restressedovergiftwrappingthisholidayseason,considersavingyourselfeffortandmoneybywrappingyourfriends’giftshaphazardly(随意地).Butforsomeoneyoudon’tknowquiteaswell,it’sprobablyworthittoshowthatyouputinsomeefforttomakeitlookgoodwithallofthebeautifulbows.12.Whatdidtheresearchersfindinthefirstexperiment?A.Adesirablegiftisexpectedtobewrappedsloppily.B.Participantsweremoreinterestedinneatlywrappedgifts.C.Asloppilywrappedgiftcanmakethereceivermuchhappier.D.Participantsrespondedthesametogiftswithdifferentwrappings.13.Whydidtheresearcherscarryoutthesecondexperiment?A.Tofurtherexplaintheresultofthefirstexperiment.B.Tocomparereceivers’expectationsforthesamegifts.C.Toknowwhyreceivershavedifferentexpectationsforgifts.D.Tofindouttheimpactofwrappingonreceives’expectations.14.Whatdoneatlywrappedgiftsshowaccordingtothethirdexperiment?A.Thegiftgiverisveryskilledatwrappinggifts,BThegiftgiverhasacloserelationshipwiththereceiver.C.Thegiftgiverattachesgreatimportancetotherelationship.D.Thegiftgiverwantstobecomeaclosefriendofthereceiver.15.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Togiveexamples. B.Tomakesuggestions.C.Tomakecomparisons. D.Topresentanargument.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者发现美国消费者每年在礼品包装上花费较多，为了弄清花费如此多时间和努力是否真的值得，便进行了三个实验来探索礼物包装对人的的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Wefoundthatthosewhoreceivedasloppilywrappedgiftlikedtheirpresentsignificantlymorethanthosewhoreceivedaneatlywrappedgift—regardlessofwhichcuptheygot.(我们发现，那些收到包装粗糙的礼物的人明显比那些收到包装整齐的礼物的人更喜欢他们的礼物——不管他们得到的是哪个杯子。)”可知，研究人员在第一个实验中发现，包装粗糙的礼物会让收礼物的人更开心。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四自然段“Tounderstandwhy,weaskedanothersetofstudentstoreporttheirexpectationsabouteitheraneatlyorsloppilywrappedgift.(为了了解出现该结果的原因，我们让另一组学生报告他们对包装整齐或粗糙的礼物的期望。)”可知，进行第二个实验的原因是为了进一步解释第一个实验的结果。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六自然段“However,forthegiftfromanacquaintance,receiverspreferreditwhenitwasneatlywrapped.Thisoccursbecausetheseparticipantsusedthewrappingasacueforhowmuchthegift-givervaluestheirrelationship.(然而，如果是熟人送的礼物，收礼者更喜欢包装整齐的。之所以会出现这种情况，是因为这些参与者将包装作为送礼者对他们之间关系重视程度的线索。)”可知，包装整齐的礼物说明送礼者非常重视这一关系。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Soifyou’restressedovergiftwrappingthisholidayseason,considersavingyourselfeffortandmoneybywrappingyourfriends’giftshaphazardly(随意地).Butforsomeoneyoudon’tknowquiteaswell,it’sprobablyworthittoshowthatyouputinsomeefforttomakeitlookgoodwithallofthebeautifulbows.(所以，如果这个假期你对礼物包装感到压力很大，考虑一下随意包装朋友的礼物来节省精力和金钱。但对于那些你不太了解的人来说，用这些漂亮的蝴蝶结来展示你花了一些精力让它看起来很漂亮可能是值得的。)”可知，作者给出了一些送礼物时如何进行包装的建议。所以作者想通过最后一段给出一些建议。故选B项。第二节：阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doesyourdogalwayswanttogowhereveryou’regoingandmostofthetime,thisbehavioriswelcomed?____16____However,ifyoufindyourdogdoingthistoooftenorifit’saccompaniedbyothertroublingbehaviorlikeeatingless,goingoutsidelessoftenorinteractinglesswithotherfamilymembers,therecouldbepotentialissues.____17____Usually,it’ssimplyoutofloyaltyandthecloserelationshipthat’sbeencreatedwithitsowner,becauseheorsheistheonethatprovidescareandcomfortandkeepsitsafe.However,sometimes,yourdogwantstofollowyoupossiblyduetosomethingnegative.____18____Dogsareemotionalanimalsandmayfeelanxiousforsomereasonsometimes.Itmaytakemuchtimeandtrainingtohelpyourdogworkthroughwhat’scausingtheproblem____19____You’llhavetoworkwithyourdogconsistentlyorhireaprofessionaltrainer.Onewaytostopyourdogfromfollowingyoumightbeputtingitinasecureandreliablearea.____20____Ifyourdogspendsallofitstimewithyouandyoualone,itmayexpressadislikeforbeingawayfromyouorinteractingwithotherhumansordogs.A.Youandyourdogmusthaveasimilarlifestyle.B.Youmaythinkit’sbecauseitlovesandtrustsyou.C.Therearemanyreasonswhydogsfollowtheirowners.D.Forexample,itcouldbeill,bored,nervousorstressed.E.Keepinmindthatthebehaviorwon’tbecuredovernight.F.Anothertrickmightbetomakesureyourdogsocializesenough.G.Thiscouldbeespeciallytrueifdogscantakecareofthemselves.【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.E20.F【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了狗喜欢追随主人的原因以及如何阻止狗一直跟着主人的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Doesyourdogalwayswanttogowhereveryou’regoingandmostofthetime,thisbehavioriswelcomed?(你的狗总是想去你要去的地方吗？大多数时候，这种行为是受欢迎的)”说明狗的这种行为时受欢迎的，引出与空格处“受欢迎的原因”，因此B项“你可能认为这是因为它爱你，信任你”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据下文“Usually,it’ssimplyoutofloyaltyandthecloserelationshipthat’sbeencreatedwithitsowner,becauseheorsheistheonethatprovidescareandcomfortandkeepsitsafe.(通常，这只是出于对主人的忠诚和与主人建立的亲密关系，因为他或她是提供照顾和安慰并保持其安全的人)”说明狗追随主人的原因，与空格处是本段主旨句，因此C项“狗追随主人的原因有很多”能够概括本段大意，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“However,sometimes,yourdogwantstofollowyoupossiblyduetosomethingnegative(然而，有时，你的狗想要跟随你，可能是因为一些消极的事情)”说明的是狗追随的不好的原因，空格处举例说明有哪些不好的事情，因此D项“例如，它可能是疲倦、无聊、紧张或压力”与上文一致，故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Itmaytakemuchtimeandtrainingtohelpyourdogworkthroughwhat’scausingtheproblem(可能需要很多时间和训练来帮助您的狗解决问题的原因。)”说明处理狗的负面情绪需要大量的时间和训练，空格处对上文进一步强调，因此E项“请记住，这种行为不会在一夜之间得到治愈”与上文一致，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Onewaytostopyourdogfromfollowingyoumightbeputtingitinasecureandreliablearea.(阻止你的狗跟着你的一种方法可能是把它放在一个安全可靠的地方)”说明阻止你的狗跟着方法之一，空格处是是介绍阻止你的狗跟着方法另外的犯法，因此F项“另一个技巧可能是确保你的狗足够社交”符合语境，故选F。第二部分：语言运用第一节：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。MichaelToddworethesameclotheseverydayforthefirstthreeweeksofhighschool.Whentheotherkidsbeganto____21____thathewaswearingthesameblackpantsandbluelong-sleeveshirtdayafterday,Toddbecamethe____22____oftaunts(奚落)andlaughter.Twoofthekids____23____thatwereGarrettandGraham,apairoffreshmanfootballplayers.Butovertime,theyrealizedthattheirabusive____24____feltlikebullying(欺凌)andseemedtobeslowlydestroyingTodd’sspirit.Finallytheyunderstood____25____.SoheandGarrett____26____aplan.Theywenthomeandhunted____27____theirowndrawersandclosets.Thenextdayatschool,they____28____Toddattheirthirdperiodclassandaskedhimtocomeintothehall.Toddwas____29____afraidofbeingcalledoutbythelargerboys.“We’reinthesamethirdperiod,andI______30______forlaughingatyou,andIwanttogivesomethingtoyoutomakeit______31______”Grahamsays.HethenhandedToddanenormousbag.Insidewere______32______shirtsandshorts,plusabrand-newpairofNewBalancesneakers.Toddwasblownaway,happyand______33______completely.AndToddgotmuchmorethannewclothes.Henolongersitsaloneatlunch.Nowheeatswithhisnew______34______,GarrettandGraham.ReflectingonthedayGarrettandGrahamcalledhimintothehall,hesaid,“The______35______dayofmyentirelife,basically”.21.A.predict B.notice C.decorate D.appreciate22.A.target B.effort C.principle D.motivation23.A.movingon B.jumpingon C.countingon D.insistingon24.A.effect B.power C.words D.thoughts25.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everybody26.A.canceled B.hatched C.disturbed D.changed27.A.for B.over C.after D.through28.A.called B.dated C.met D.abused29.A.purposely B.excitedly C.occasionally D.understandably30.A.care B.wait C.dislike D.apologize31.A.up B.out C.clear D.down32.A.old B.clean C.fashionable D.expensive33.A.annoyed B.confused C.shocked D.embarrassed34.A.clothes B.sneakers C.friends D.classmates35.A.best B.hardest C.funniest D.poorest【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.D30.D31.A32.B33.C34.C35.A【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Todd因为家境贫穷，在学校经常被欺负，Garrett和Graham在意识欺负是错误的，主动和解并送他东西并最后成为Todd的朋友。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子开始注意到他日复一日地穿着同样的黑色裤子和蓝色长袖衬衫时，托德成了嘲笑和嘲笑的对象。A.predict预测；B.notice通知，注意；C.decorate装饰；D.appreciate欣赏。根据前文“MichaelToddworethesameclotheseverydayforthefirstthreeweeksofschool.”可知，Todd在校三周一直穿着同一身衣服，这显然与其他同学不一样，从而引起了同学们的注意。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.target目标；B.effort努力；C.principle原则；D.motivation动机。根据上文“MichaelToddworethesameclotheseverydayforthefirstthreeweeksofschool.”可知，Todd在校一直穿着同一身衣服，三周都没有换衣服，可想同学们会怎样看待他，可推之其会成为同学们嘲笑的对象。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：其中两个坚持那样做的是Garrett和Graham,他们俩都是橄榄球新生。A.movingon继续；B.jumpingon跳上；C.countingon计数；D.insistingon坚持。根据前文“Whentheotherkidsbeganto__1___thathewaswearingthesameblackpantsandbluelong-sleeveshirtdayafterday,Toddbecamethe__2___oftaunts(奚落)andlaughter”可知之前有许多同学嘲笑Todd后来只有他们两个一直这样做。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，他们意识到自己的谩骂就像是在欺负人，似乎在慢慢摧毁Todd的精神。A.effect效果；B.power功率；C.words言语，话；D.thoughts思想。根据前文的“Toddbecamethe___2___oftaunts(奚落)andlaughter”可知此处指的是奚落Todd刻薄的话对Todd来说应该是心灵上的伤害。故选C项。【25题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：最终他们意识到了一些事情。A.something某事；B.nothing什么也没有；C.anything任何事情；D.everybody每个人。根据下文的“Butovertime,theyrealizedthattheirabusivewordsfeltlikebullying(欺凌)andseemedtobeslowlydestroyingTodd’sspirit.”可知这是他们两个意识到的问题：语言对Todd的伤害。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和Garrett制定了一个计划。A.canceled取消；B.hatched孵化，策划；C.disturbed干扰；D.changed改变。根据后文的“Theywenthomeandhunted___7___theirowndrawersandclosets.Thenextdayatschool,they___8___Toddattheirthirdperiodclassandaskedhimtocomeintothehall.”可知这是他们两人的计划。hatched策划，符合句意，故选B项。【27题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们回到家，翻遍了自己的抽屉。A.for为了；B.over超过；C.after在……之后；D.through通过。根据后文的“HethenhandedToddanenormousbag.Insidewere___12___shirtsandshorts,plusabrand-newpairofNewBalancesneakers.”可知他们给Todd带来的是自己的衣服，很显然他们俩回家时翻找自己的抽屉，为Todd拿衣服。huntthrough把……找遍，符合句意。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，他们在第三节课的时候遇到Todd，请他到大厅来。A.called打电话；B.dated约会；C.met遇见；D.abused滥用。根据后文“attheirthirdperiodclassandaskedhimtocomeintothehall”可知他们是在课间空偶遇到了Todd并请他来到大厅。故选C项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Todd很害怕被个子大一点的男孩叫出来，这是可以理解的。A.purposely故意地；B.excitedly兴奋地；C.occasionally偶尔地；D.understandably可以理解地。根据前文“Whentheotherkidsbeganto___1____thathewaswearingthesameblackpantsandbluelong-sleeveshirtdayafterday,Toddbecamethe__2____oftaunts(奚落)andlaughter”可知之前有许多同学嘲笑Todd所以他害怕被个大的同学叫出来，这是可以理解的。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都上第三节课，我为嘲笑你向你道歉，我想要做一些事情来弥补我们的过错。A.care护理；B.wait等待；C.dislike不喜欢；D.apologize道歉。根据后文“andIwanttogivesomethingtoyoutomakeit___11__”可知此处是Graham来向Todd道歉。故选D项。【31题详解】考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.up向上；B.out向外；C.clear清楚的；D.down向下。根据下文“HethenhandedToddanenormousbag.Insidewere___12___shirtsandshorts,plusabrand-newpairofNewBalancesneakers.”可知这是Garrett和Graham做一些事情来弥补他们的过错。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里面是干净的衬衫和短裤，以及运动鞋。A.old旧的；B.clean清洁的；C.fashionable时尚的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据上文“Theywenthomeandhunted___7____theirowndrawersandclosets.”以及下文“plusabrand-newpairofNewBalancesneakers”可知他们俩的衬衫和短裤是干净的。故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Todd被打动了，既高兴又震惊。A.annoyed惹恼的；B.confused困惑的；C.shocked震惊的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据前文“Toddwas____9___afraidofbeingcalledoutbythelargerboys.”可知Todd一直被嘲笑，害怕被他们叫出来又会嘲笑一顿，可是Garrett和Graham却是来和解的，Todd被他俩的行为感动了但是又感到震惊。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Todd和他的两个新朋友Garrett和Graham一起吃饭。A.clothes衣服；B.sneakers运动鞋；C.friends朋友；D.classmates同学。由上文“AndToddgotmuchmorethannewclothes.Henolongersitsaloneatlunch.”可知，他们俩是给Todd带来了不仅是干净的衬衫和短裤，以及运动鞋，还有友谊。所以friends朋友符合句意。故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回想加勒特和格雷厄姆把他叫进大厅的那一天，托德说：“基本上是我一生中最美好的一天”。A.best最好的；B.hardest最硬的；C.funniest最有趣的；D.poorest最穷的。根据前文“Toddwasblownaway,happyand____13____completely.”可知Garrett和Graham与Todd的道歉和解，并送给了Todd衣服，还成为了好朋友，这让Todd非常感动和高兴，对于一直都在被欺负的Todd来说，这当然是一生中最美好的一天。故选A项。第二节：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThangkaartistsinGojoCounty,TibetAutonomousRegion,arepaintingtheirwaytosuccessbyaddingfreshdesignelementstothis____36____(convention)artform.Thecounty,locatedineasternTibet,is____37____centerforancientTibetanartformssuchasthangkapaintings.ThangkaartistsinGojo____38____(main)practicetheMansarstyleofTibetanthangkapaintings,____39____startedinthe17thcentury.Accordingtothecountygovernment,Gojohas11thangkapaintingcooperatives(合作社)andmorethan200artists.Thetotalincome____40____(earn)bythangkapaintingsinthecountywasover10millionyuanin2019.But____41____setstheseartistsapartfromthangkaartistsintherestofTibetisthattheyhaveadaptedtheirstyleofpaintingtoinvolve