2011年4月自考00832英语词汇学试题及答案含解析

英语词汇学年月真题

0083220114

1、【单选题】ThedevelopmentofEnglishvocabularycanbedividedintothe

followingparticularhistoricalperiodEXCEPT______.

OldEnglish

MiddleEnglish

A:

NewEnglish

B:

ModernEnglish

C:

答D:案：C

解析：英语词汇学的发展分为3个时期：古英语时期(OldEnglish)，中古英语时期

(MiddleEnglish)和现代英语时期(ModernEnglish)。

2、【单选题】Thedefinitionofawordcomprisesthefollowingpoints______.

(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage(2)asoundunity(3)aunitofmeaning

(4)aformthatcanfunctionaloneinasentence

(1)and(2)

(1)(2)and(3)

A:

(2)(3)and(4)

B:

(1)(2)(3)and(4)

C:

答D:案：D

3、【单选题】Wordsofthebasicwordstockcaneachbeusedalone,andatthe

sametimecanformnewwordswithotherrootsandaffixes,e.g.footisthefather

offootball,footageandfootprint.Thisdemonstratesthatoneof

thecharacteristicsofthewordsofthebasicstockis______.

productivity

polysemy

A:

stability

B:

collocability

C:

答D:案：A

4、【单选题】TheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamilyismadeupofmostofthe

languagesofEurope,theNearEast,and______.

India

A:

theFarEast

theWestAsia

B:

America

C:

答D:案：A

解析：印欧语系的构成有欧洲大部分语言，近东和印度的语言，因此答案选A。

5、【单选题】IntheearlyperiodofModernEnglish,Europesawanewupsurgeof

learningancientGreekand______classics.Thisisknowninhistoryas

theRenaissance.

India

German

A:

Roman

B:

Chinese

C:

答D:案：C

解析：在现代英语初期，欧洲兴起了一场以学习古罗马和古希腊经典著作（ancient

GreekandRoman）为中心的人文知识运动，也就是文艺复兴运动。

6、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

OldEnglishwasahighlyinflectedlanguage.

InearlyMiddleEnglishperiod,English,LatinandCelticexistedsidebyside.

A:

TheintroductionofprintingintoEnglandmarkedthebeginningofmodernEnglish

B:

period.

C:

Themostimportantmodeofvocabularydevelopmentinpresent-dayEnglish

iscreationofnewwordsbymeansofword-formation.

D:

答案：B

7、【单选题】Thesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionofwordsis______.

morpheme

affixes

A:

root

B:

stem

C:

答D:案：A

8、【单选题】Thereis/are______monomorphemicword(s)inthefollowingwords:

hot,dog,feet,matches.

1

2

A:

3

B:

4

C:

答D:案：B

9、【单选题】Thepluralmorpheme"-s"ispronouncedas/s/inthefollowingwords

EXCEPT______.

packs

bags

A:

cheats

B:

ships

C:

答D:案：B

10、【单选题】30%to40%ofthetotalnumberofnewwordsinEnglishvocabulary

areproducedthrough______.

affixation

clipping

A:

compounding

B:

shortening

C:

答D:案：A

11、【单选题】Theformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclassto

anotherclassiscalled______.

prefixation

suffixation

A:

acronymy

B:

conversion

C:

答D:案：D

解析：题干中提出的构词法是通过转换词性，这种构词方法叫作转换法。

12、【单选题】Themethodofcreatingwordsbyremovingthesupposedsuffixesis

called______.

back-formation

clipping

A:

blending

B:

C:

suffixation

答D:案：A

13、【单选题】______accountsfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguisticsymbol

anditsmeaning.

Sense

Motivation

A:

Concept

B:

Reference

C:

答D:案：B

解析：词语的意义包含reference,sense和concept，motivation解释的是语言符号和

意义的联系，即词的理据。

14、【单选题】By______motivation,wemeanthatthemeaningofaparticular

wordisrelatedtoitsorigin.

onomatopoeic

morphological

A:

semantic

B:

etymological

C:

答D:案：D

解析：本题考查第五章理据中拟声理据onomatopoeic、形态理据morphological、语态理

据semantic和词源理据etymological的概念理解和辨析。词源理据，从字面意思来讲，

是此的根源，题干中有itsorigin，因此选择Cetymological。

15、【单选题】InEnglishthereare______typesofmotivationthatconcernsthe

relationshipbetweenthesignandmeaning.

2

3

A:

4

B:

5

C:

答D:案：C

16、【单选题】Whatisacommonfeaturepeculiartoallnaturallanguages?

Suffixation.

Variation.

A:

B:

Allomorph.

Polysemy.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：一词多义现象(polysemy)是世界上所有语言的共同特征，而后缀法

(suffixation)、变体(variation)及词素变体（allomorph）仅是个别语言的特征。

17、【单选题】Red,scarlet,mauve,violet,lavender,pansy,black,purple,etc,

makeupthe______fieldof‘colours’.

stylistic

semantic

A:

elliptic

B:

syntactic

C:

答D:案：B

解析：红色、橙色、黄色、绿色、黑色等属于“颜色”的下义词，同时构成了“颜色”的

语义场。注意题干中的谓语是makeup，本题选D。

18、【单选题】WhatisapplicabletocontradictorytermsofsomeantonymsmayNOT

beapplicabletotheir______terms?

connotative

collocative

A:

relative

B:

negative

C:

答D:案：C

19、【单选题】Whenacommonwordisturnedintoapropernoun,themeaningis

______accordingly.

related

narrowed

A:

created

B:

suggested

C:

答D:案：B

解析：此处city的词义被缩小。

20、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingwordswasusedduringtheAmericanCivil

WartorefertothosenorthernerswhoweresecretlyaidingtheSouth?

Rattlesnake.

Villain.

A:

Informer.

B:

Copperhead.

C:

答D:案：D

21、【单选题】Peoplechangeword-meaningowingtovarious______motives:love,

respect,courtesy,suspicion,pessimism,sarcasm,irony,contempt,hatred,etc.

psychological

social

A:

communicative

B:

lexical

C:

答D:案：A

22、【单选题】Inanarrowsense,contextreferstothewords,clauses,sentences

inwhichawordappearsandisknownas______context.

non-linguistic

linguistic

A:

grammatical

B:

lexical

C:

答D:案：B

23、【单选题】Whichofthefollowingisoneofthemainfunctionsofverbal

context?

Eliminationofambiguity.

Indicationforreferents.

A:

Provisionofcluesforinferringword-meaning.

B:

Alltheabove.

C:

答D:案：D

24、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutextra-linguisticcontext?

Itcanbesubdividedintogrammaticalcontextandnon-linguisticcontext.

Itreferstophysicalsituationorenvironmentrelatingtotheuseofwords.

A:

Itembracesthepeople,timeandplace.

B:

Itmayextendtoembracetheentireculturalbackground.

C:

D:

答案：A

25、【单选题】Theidiom"fallintogoodhands"isa______asfarasfiguresof

speechareconcerned.

synecdoche

metaphor

A:

metonymy

B:

personification

C:

答D:案：A

26、【单选题】"Fleshandblood"isanidiom______innature.

verbal

nominal

A:

adjectival

B:

adverbial

C:

答D:案：B

27、【单选题】Thechangeofidiom"velvetpaws"fromtheoriginalformis______.

replacement

position-shifting

A:

addition

B:

shortening

C:

答D:案：D

28、【单选题】Americandictionariesgenerallyuse______tomarkthe

pronunciation.

BritishPhoneticAlphabet

AmericanPhoneticAlphabet

A:

InternationalPhoneticAlphabet

B:

Webster'sPhoneticAlphabet

C:

答D:案：D

解析：美国字典通常根据韦式语音字母表标记发音。

29、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingdictionariesisNOTaspecialized

dictionary?

TheOxfordDictionaryofEnglishEtymology

A:

Chamber'sEncyclopaedicEnglishDictionary

LongmanDictionaryofPhrasalVerbs

B:

Webster'sNewDictionaryofSynonyms

C:

答D:案：B

30、【单选题】Usagenotesofthedictionaryexplain______.

theslightdifferencebetweenwordsofsimilarmeanings

difficultpointsofgrammarandstyle

A:

importantBritishandAmericandifferences

B:

alltheabove

C:

答D:案：D

31、【问答题】leorn→ian→lern→en→learn

答案：InmodernEnglish,wordendingsweremostlylostwithjustafew

exceptions.ItcanbeconcludedthatEnglishhasevolvedfromasynthetic

languagetothepresentanalyticlanguage.

32、【问答题】Bothinitialismsandacronymsareformedtoacertainextentfrom

initialletters.Isthereanydifferencebetweenthem?Illustrateyourpoint

withexamples.

答案：Acronymyistheprocessofformingnewwordsbyjoiningtheinitial

lettersofnamesofsocialandpoliticalorganizationsorspecialnounphrases

andtechnicalterms.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalledinitialismsor

acronyms,dependingonthepronunciationofthewords.

33、【问答题】Whatistheappropriateantonymforacuteinthefollowing

statement?Shegotanacutepaininherback.

答案：Theappropriateantonymforacuteinthesentence'Shegotanacutepain

inherbackisdull.

34、【问答题】Whatarecontextualclues?Guessthemeaningoftheword

underlinedinthefollowingsentenceandtellwhatcontextualclueshavehelped

youinarrivingatthemeaning.(a)Perhapsthemoststartlingtheorytocome

outofkinesics,thestudyofbodymovement,wassuggestedbyProfessorB

irdwhistell.(b)It'sjustonemoreincredibleresultofthedevelopmentof

microprocessors—thosetinypartsofacomputercommonlyknownas"silicon

chips".

答案：Contextmayproveextremelyvaluableinguessingthemeaningsofnew

words.Inmanycaseswhenanewwordappearsforthefirsttime,theauthor

generallymanagestogivehintswhichmighthelpthereadertograspthe

conceptorunderstandtheidea.Thisiscalledcontextualclues.(a)Definition:

thestudyofbodymovement.(b)Explanation:thosetinypartsofcomputer

commonlyknownas"siliconchips".

35、【问答题】Commentonthefollowinggroupstoillustratethedifference

betweenpartialandfullconversion.Group1:"white—awhite,final—finals"

Group2:"rich—therich,wounded—thewounded"

答案：Itisnotunusualtohavenounsconvertedfromadjectives.Unlikeverbs,

notalladjectiveswhichareconvertedcanachievefullnounstatus.Some

arecompletelyconverted,thusknownasfullconversion.othersareonly

partiallyconverted,hencepartialconversion.Group1showsthefeatureof

fullconversion-anounfullyconvertedfromanadjectivehasall

thecharacteristicsofnounsandcantakeanindefinitearticleor-(e)s

toindicatesingularorpluralnumber.Forexample,"white"isanadjectiveand

"awhite"isanounphrase(articlenoun),meaningawhiteman."Final"is

anadjectiveand"finals"anounphrase(noun),meaningfinalexamsor

finalcompetitions.Group2revealthefeatureofpartialconversionno

partiallyconvertedfromadjectivesdonotpossessallthequalitiesanoun

doesandtheymustbeusedtogetherwithdefinitearticles.Wordsofthisclass

generallyrefertoagroupofthekind.Forinstance,"rich"isanadjectiveand

"therich"referstotherichpeople."Thewounded"referstothewounded

soldiers.

36、【问答题】Analyzeandcommentonthemeaningsofthefollowingsentencesand

thenfindouttherightantonymsforeachfastrespectively.[A]Mygod,look,

thisclockisonehourfast,asifwewereatTokyo.[B]Thecolorsaren'tfast,

sobecarefulwhenyouwashthisshirt.[C]Thedelegationpaidafastvisitto

theUnitedKingdomlastmonth.

答案：Awordwhichhasmorethanonemeaningcanhavemorethanoneantonym.

Sentence[A]meanstheclockisonehouraheadofthelocaltime,and

theantonymoffastisslow.Sentence[B]meansthecolorsareresistantto

destructionorfading,andtheantonymofthewordfastisloose.Sentence[C]

meansthevisitwasaccomplishedinrelativelylittletime,anditsantonymis

long.

37、【填空题】Thegeneralestimateofthepresent-dayEnglishvocabularyisover

one_________words.

答案：million

38、【填空题】Attheendof6thcentury,Latin-speakingmissionariesunderSt.

AugustinecametospreadChristianityinBritain.Itbroughtmanynewideasand

customsandalsomany_________termssuchasabbot,candle,altar,etc.

答案：religious

39、【填空题】Theformsthatareattachedtowordsorwordelementstomodify

meaningorfunctionare_________.

答案：affixes

40、【填空题】Theprocessofchangingtheword"possible"into"impossible"is

called_________.

答案：prefixation

41、【填空题】Thesynonymouspair"die—passaway"hasthesame_________but

differentstylisticvalues.

答案：concept

42、【填空题】Semantically,all_________arerelatedinonewayoranother.

答案：words

43、【填空题】Fortuitousformerlydenoted'happeningbychance','accidental'

andlatertookonthemeaning'fortunate'probablyby_________becausethetwo

wordslooksimilar.

答