2014年4月自考00832英语词汇学试题及答案含解析

英语词汇学年月真题

0083220144

1、【单选题】“Woman”becomes“Frau”inGerman,“femme”inFrenchand

“fùnǔ”inChinese.Thisexampleshowsthatindifferentlanguagesthesame

conceptcanberepresentedbydifferent______．

sounds

forms

A:

unities

B:

meanings

C:

答D:案：A

解析：在不同的语言中，同一种概念可以以不同的音表示出来。

2、【单选题】Thefollowingwordsofthebasicwordstockdenotethemostcommon

thingsandphenomenaoftheworldaroundusEXCEPT______．

fire

hot

A:

photoscanning

B:

sister

C:

答D:案：C

解析：这些基本词库包括以下基本特征，其中之一就是这些词表示最常见的事物或现象，

生活交流必不可少。：像自然现象，人体部位及人之间的关系等。“Fire”最常见的东

西。“Hot”自然现象。“sister”人之间的关系。Photoscanning是术语，不属于基本

词库。

3、【单选题】Aliensareborrowedwordswhichhaveretainedtheiroriginal

pronunciationandspelling.WhichofthefollowingwordscomesfromChinese?

Bazaar.

Kowtow.

A:

Rajah.

B:

Blitzkrieg.

C:

答D:案：B

解析：Kowtow源于中国的“扣头”。

4、【单选题】TheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamilyismadeupofthelanguagesof

thefollowingEXCEPT______．

Europe

theFarEast

A:

India

B:

theNearEast

C:

答D:案：B

解析：ThedevelopmentofEnglishvocabulary印欧语系是由欧洲，印度，近东的语言

组成。

5、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthemainsourcesofnewwords

inthepresent-dayEnglishvocabulary?

Therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology.

Social,economicandpoliticalchanges.

A:

Theinvasionofforeigncountries.

B:

Theinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguages.

C:

答D:案：C

6、【单选题】ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthefollowingchannels

EXCEPT______.

creation

borrowing

A:

semanticchange

B:

lexicalchange

C:

答D:案：D

7、【单选题】Howmanymonomorphemicwordsarethereinthefollowingwords?

catsbossworkimpropertried

1

2

A:

3

B:

4

C:

答D:案：B

解析：根据定义“Freemorphemeshavecompletemeaningsinthemselvesandcanbe

usedasfreegrammaticalunitsinsentences.Theyareidenticalwith

rootwords.”，可知wind和man两个词属于freemorphemicword，而reddish和

collection均带有后缀。

8、【单选题】Amongthefollowingwords,“______”doesNOThaveinflectional

affixes.

liked

children’s

A:

happier

B:

it’s

C:

答D:案：D

解析：Inflectionalaffixes是屈折词缀。屈折词缀的特点就是改变词性。It’s是it

is的缩写形式。

9、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingwordsdoesNOThavesuffixes?

Northward.

Widen.

A:

Happy.

B:

Worker.

C:

答D:案：C

10、【单选题】Amongthefollowingwords,“______”containsanegativeprefix.

amoral

de-compose

A:

antiwar

B:

foretell

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Moral道德的。de­compose中de-是reversativeprefixes反转类词缀加上a-就

变成与道德无关的。Anti-表示“反…..”属于方向或态度这一类的前缀。foretell中

fore-是locativeprefixes表示方位的前缀。

11、【单选题】Fromtheviewpointofwordformation,theword“smog”isa

______.

compound

conversion

A:

clipping

B:

C:

blending

答D:案：D

解析：拼缀法的定义就是“将两个词的一部分融合到一起或者将一个词与另一个词的一部

分融合到一起。最后形成一个新词。WordformationSmog由smoke中的sm,fog中的og

组成。符合拼缀法的定义。

12、【单选题】Whichofthefollowingispartiallyconverted?

Awhite.

Adrunk.

A:

Thepoor.

B:

Finals.

C:

答D:案：C

13、【单选题】Onecanfigureoutthemeaningof“airmail”tobe“mailby

air”byits______.

onomatopoeicmotivation

morphologicalmotivation

A:

semanticmotivation

B:

etymologicalmotivation

C:

答D:案：B

解析：Chapter5P84.morphologicalmotivation（形态理据）:Compoundsand

derivedwordsaremulti-morphemicwordsandthemeaningsofmanyarethesum

totalofthemorphemescombined.Quiteoften,ifoneknowsthemeaningofeach

morpheme,onecanfigureoutthemeaningoftheword.Forinstance,“airmail”

meansto‘mailbyair’.

14、【单选题】Whenareadercomesacrosstheword“home”inhisreading,the

wordmayremindhimofhis“family,friends,warmth,safety,etc.”Inthis

sense,theword“home”conveys______.

connotativemeaning

stylisticmeaning

A:

affectivemeaning

B:

collocativemeaning

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Home这个词的字面意思就是“家”，但可以让人联想到“家庭，朋友”等。就涉

及到了“home”的内涵意义。

15、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

Grammaticalmeaningreferstothepartofspeech,tensesofverbsandstylistic

featuresofwords.

A:

Unlikeconceptualmeaning,associativemeaningisunstableandindeterminate.

Affectivemeaningindicatesthelistener’sattitudetowardsthepersonorthing

B:

inquestion.

C:

Collocationcannotaffectthemeaningofwords.

答D:案：B

16、【单选题】Wordsthatareidenticalonlyinspellingbutdifferentinsound

andmeaningarecalled______.

perfecthomonyms

homographs

A:

homophones

B:

homonyms

C:

答D:案：B

解析：同形异义词

17、【单选题】Thedifferencesbetweensynonymsexistinthefollowingareas

EXCEPT______.

denotation

connotation

A:

reference

B:

application

C:

答D:案：C

解析：本题考查第六章同义词synonyms的三种类型中的denotation,connotation

application

18、【单选题】“Apple,pear,peach,orange,lemon,etc.”makeupthe______of

“fruit”.

synonyms

homonyms

A:

superordinateterm

B:

C:

semanticfield

答D:案：D

解析：红色、橙色、黄色、绿色、黑色等属于“颜色”的下义词，同时构成了“颜色”的

语义场。注意题干中的谓语是makeup，本题选D。

19、【单选题】______ofmeaningisaprocessbywhichawordthatoriginallyhad

aspecializedmeaninghasnowbecomegeneralized.

Degradation

Elevation

A:

Extension

B:

Specilization

C:

答D:案：C

解析：考察语义扩展的定义。

20、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneoftheextra-linguisticfactors

thatcausechangesinmeaning?

Culturalreason.

Historicalreason.

A:

Classreason.

B:

Psychologicalreason.

C:

答D:案：A

21、【单选题】Theword“minister”originallymeant“aservant”,butnowhas

changedto“aheadofaministry”.Thisprocessofmeaningchangeiscalled

______．

extension

elevation

A:

degradation

B:

specialization

C:

答D:案：B

解析：本题考察的是词义的升格，及一个词从表示低级，卑微的意义变成具有重要意义的

词。

22、【单选题】Ingrammaticalcontext,themeaningofawordmaybeinfluencedby

the______inwhichitoccurs.

structure

sentence

A:

phrase

B:

clause

C:

答D:案：A

解析：引起词汇变化的因素包括词汇因素和词汇外因素。该题中的structure即语法。

23、【单选题】Thereisanambiguityinthesentence“Heisahardbusinessman”

dueto______.

polysemy

homonymy

A:

synonymy

B:

antonymy

C:

答D:案：A

解析：该句之所以会造成歧义是由于多义词的存在。hard可以理解成（工作）努力的，或

者（对他人）苛刻的，等若干含义。

24、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthecontextclues?

Definition.

Polysemy.

A:

Synonymy.

B:

Antonymy.

C:

答D:案：B

解析：一词多义不能作为语境中的一个线索

25、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthecharacteristicsofidioms?

Thepartofspeechofeachelementinanidiomisveryimportant.

Theconstituentsofidiomscan’tbereplaced.

A:

Thewordorderinanidiomcan’tbechanged.

B:

Anidiomfunctionsasoneword.

C:

答D:案：A

26、【单选题】Idiomsnominalinnaturehavea(n)______asthekeywordineach

andfunctionasanouninsentences.

verb

adjective

A:

preposition

B:

noun

C:

答D:案：D

解析：这一类习语中，每一个习语中都会有一个关键词，并且有着名词的功能eg.White

elephant。

27、【单选题】Lexicalmanipulationisoneaspectoftherhetoricalfeaturesof

idioms.ThefollowingEXCEPT______belongtolexicalmanipulation.

alliteration

reiteration

A:

repetition

B:

juxtaposition

C:

答D:案：A

解析：英语习语中词汇修辞包括reiteration（同义词的重复，eg.screamandshout）,

juxtaposition（反义词的重复eg.Upanddown）,repetition（同一个词的重复，eg

byandby.）

28、【单选题】OxfordAdvancedLearner’sDictionary,3rdEdition(1980),is

amongthebest-knownBritish______dictionaries.

unabridged

desk

A:

pocket

B:

bilingual

C:

答D:案：B

解析：牛津高阶英语词典第三版是英国最有名的案头词典之一。

29、【单选题】Generally,adictionarycoversthefollowingcontentsEXCEPT

______.

spelling

pronunciation

A:

definition

B:

syntacticalrules

C:

D:

答案：D

30、【单选题】CollinsCOBUILDEnglishLanguageDictionary(1987)hassomeunique

featuressuchasdefinition,extracolumnand______.

pronunciation

grammarcodes

A:

usageexamples

B:

languagecodes

C:

答D:案：C

解析：柯林斯英语词典有三个特点1.定义柯林斯英语词典里面的定义都是整个句子2.

额外的专栏这些专栏用来放一些语法信息3.用法举例几乎每个词都有个例子来展现词

的意思。

31、【问答题】Explainthelogicalrelationshipsofthefollowingterms:free

morphemes,affix,morphemes,boundroot,boundmorphemes

答案：Morphemescanbegroupedintofreemorphemesandboundmorphemes.

Boundmorphemesincludetwotypes:boundrootandaffix.

32、【问答题】Inwhichaspectsdocompoundsdifferfromfreephrases?

答案：Compoundsdifferfromfreephrasesinphoneticfeatures,semantic

featuresandgrammaticalfeatures.

33、【问答题】Whatisthedifferencebetweensuperordinatesandsubordinates?

Explainitwiththegivenwords“flower,elephant,tiger,rose,tulip,animal”.

答案：Superordinatesarethosegeneralwordswhilesubordinatesthespecific

ones.Forthegivenwords,flowerandanimalaresuperordinateswhilerose,

tulipandelephant,tigeraresubordinates.

34、【问答题】Guessthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordandtellwhatcontext

clueisused.Hewasinamoodofcompleteeuphoria,hishappinessbeingthe

resultofanannouncementthathehadwonthesweepstakes.

答案：Euphoriameanshappiness.Thecontextclueusedinthesentenceis

synonymy/asynonym.

35、【问答题】Take“alaconicanswerisashortanswer”asanexampleto

illustrateetymologicalmotivation.

答案：1)Themeaningofmanywordsoftenrelatedirectlytotheirorigins.In

otherwords,thehistoryofthewordexplainsthemeaningoftheword.2)The

word"laconic"meaning"brief"or"short"isderivedfromLacons,atribeof

peoplewhowereknownfortheir"brevityofspeech"andfortheirhabitofnever

usingmorewordsthannecessary.Hence"alaconicanswer"isashortanswer.

36、【问答题】Commentonthefollowinggroupsofwordsintermsoftypesof

antonyms:contradictoryterms,contraryterms,relativeterms.“dead—alive”,

“young—old”,“employer—employee”

答案：Antonymscanbedefinedaswordswhichareoppositeinmeaning.Theycan

beclassifiedintothreemajorgroups.Contradictoryterms:Theyareso

opposedtoeachotherthattheyaremutuallyexclusiveandadmitnopossibility

betweenthem,suchas"dead-alive".Contraryterms:Antonymsofthistypeare

bestviewedintermsofascalerunningbetweentwopolesorextremes.Antonyms

suchas"youngold"representtwopointsatbothendsofthepoleandcan

accommodatemiddlegroundbelongingneithertoonepolenortotheother.We

canhavemiddle-agedbetweentheyoungandtheold.Relativeterms:Thistype

consistsofrelationaloppositessuchas"employeremployee".Suchpairsof

wordsindicatesuchareciprocalsocialrelationshipthatoneofthemcannotbe

usedwithoutsuggestingtheother.IfAisanemployerofB,thenBisan

employee,whoworksforA.

37、【填空题】Awordisa______freeformofalanguagethathasagivensound

andmeaningandsyntacticfunction.

答案：minimal

38、【填空题】InOldEnglishperiod,theintroductionofChristianityhada

greatimpactontheEnglishvocabulary.Itbroughtmanynewideasandcustoms,and

alsomany______termssuchas“candle,altar,amen”.

答案：religious

39、【填空题】A______isthebasicformofawordwhichcannotbefurther

analyzedwithouttotallossofidentity.

答案：root

40、【填空题】“Exam”istheshortenedformof“examination”bybackclipping.

Then“quake”isusedtomean“earthquake”by______clipping.

答案：front

41、【填空题】Motivationaccountsfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguistic

symbolandits______．

答案：meaning

42、【填空题】Fromthe______pointofview,polysemyisviewedasthe

coexistenceofvariousmeaningsofthesamewordinacertainhistoricalperiodof

time.

答案：synchronic