黄金卷6-2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考I卷）（解析版）

【赢在高考•黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考I卷）

黄金卷06

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮

擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题

卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完

每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatisthewoman'sjob?

A.Atourguide.

B.Aphotographer.

C.Acoffeeshopowner.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文】W:Areyouinterestedintraveling?

M:Yes,butIhaven'tgotmuchwithrunningthecoffeeshop.Howaboutyou?

W:Tvevisitedmanyplaces.Iworkformagazinesandnewspapers,providingphotosforthem.

M:Thatsoundsreallywonderful.

2.Whatwillthemandonext?

A.Bookahotel.

B.Takeaplane.

C.Makeabusinessplan.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodmorning.Fdliketocheckin.

W:Sure.May1seeyourpassportplease?Oh,youareflyingtoChiletoday.

M:Yeah,1haveneverflownbefore.Tvegotanimportantbusinesscontracttosigntomorrow.

3.Whatdoesthemanwanttoorderatfirst?

A.Amangojuice.

B.Achickenburger.

C.Acheeseburger.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］W:Whatwouldyoulike?Achickenburgeroraveggieburger?

M:Neither.Doyoustillhavecheeseburgers?

W:Sorry,we'vesoldout.

M:Thenamangojuice,please.

4.Whattimedoesthewomanusuallypickuptheboy?

A.Atabout5:30p.m.

B.Atabout6:00p.m.

C.Atabout6:30p.m.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Mom,couldyougetsomePost-itnotesforme?

W:Surething.Iwillpickyouupandthenwecanbuysometogetherthisafternoon.Iwillmeetyouattheschool

gateat6:00p.m.today.

M:Thenit'sabouthalfanhourlaterthanusual.

5.Howdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?

A.He'sannoying.

B.He'sembarrassing.

C.He'sdisappointing.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Excuseme,couldyousitdownonthebenchforalittlewhile?Iwantsomepeace.Yousee,I'mreading

newspapers.Tmtryingtorelax.

M:Sorry,Tmtooexcitedaboutridingmynewscooter.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1・5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6.Whatdoesthewomanplantodofirst?

A.Bookanoffice.

B.Introducetheman.

C.Showthemanaround.

7.Howmanyhoursdoesthemanhavetoworkperday?

A.Five.B.Eight.C.Nine.

【答案】6.C7.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Welcometojoinus,Mr.Parker.Wouldyouliketotourtheofficefirst?AndthenI'llintroduceyouto

ourteam.

M:That'sverykindofyou,butcouldyoutellmewheretheprinteris?

W:It'sinthecomer.Thecofleemachineisattheendofthehall.

M:Okay.Doyoumindmeaskinghowlongyouhavebeenhere?

W:I'veworkedhereforthreeyears.Doyoulivefarfromhere?

M:Notveryfar,about4kilometers.Bytheway,couldyoutellmetheexactdetailsoftheworkingtime?

W:Youwillworkfrom8:00a.m.to5:00p.m.andhaveabreakfrom1:00p.m.to2:00p.m.

M:Thankyouverymuch.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8.Whatdoesthemantryhardtodo?

A.Loseweight.

B.Havemorefruit.

C.Quitsmoking.

9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Doyoga.

B.TryJapanesefood.

C.Havearegularcheck-up.

10.WhatisthewomanplanningtodoonSunday?

A.Makefishdishes.

B.Attendyogaclasses.

C.Dovoluntarywork.

【答案】8.C9.A10.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Sushiismyfavoritefood,becauseit'smadeoffishandIlovefish.

M:It'sthetraditionalJapanesefood.Thenwhatfruitdoyoulike?

W:Orangesandstrawberries.Iwanttokeepfitandreducetheriskofgettingfat.Hmm,Ithinkyoushouldquit

smoking.Howlonghaveyousmoked?

M:Sincegraduatingfromuniversity.Iusedtobeaheavysmoker.Fvebeentryinghardtobreakmybadhabit.

W:Ihavebeenpracticingyogalately.Whynotjoinme?Yogacanhelptoimproveourbloodcirculation,reduce

stressandcreatepositiveenergy.

M:Whenisitagoodtimeforustodoittogether?SaturdayorSunday?

W:Saturdaywillbegood.Ineedtohelpthosepeoplewhohaveregularcheck-upsonSunday.

M:Youvolunteertoworkatthecommunitycenter,don'tyou?

W:Yeah.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

11.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Neighbors.

B.Husbandandwife.

C.Policeofficerandcitizen.

12.Whathappenedtothewoman?

A.Herfingerwascut.

B.Herjewelrywasstolen.

C.Herhousecaughtfire.

13.Wheredoesthewomanlive?

A.OnElmStreet.

B.OnCliftonStreet.

C.OnWaterfordStreet.

【答案】11.C12.B13.C

【解析】

［原文】M:Goodevening,madam.HowmayIhelpyou?

W:Goodevening,sir.IwentouttotakepartinafiredrillwithmycolleaguesonCliftonStreet.AfterIcamehome

at7:00p.m.,athiefhadbrokenintomyhouse.

M:Didhetakeanything?

W:Yes,hedid.HetookapieceofjewelrythatisagiftmyhusbandJohngavetomelastmonth.Ifoundthethief

haddrunkaglassofmilkandeatensomecookies.

M:Good.Hemusthaveleftsomefingerprints.Andyournameandaddress?

W:IfsKathyBaker.Myaddressis766WaterfordStreet.Oh,oneofmyneighborsjustcalledmeandsaidshesaw

thethief-amanjumpingoutthewindow.ShesaidthethiefranawaytoElmStreet.

M:Whatdoeshelooklike?

W:Helookstallwithlonghair.

M:Okay.Wewillinformyouassoonaswehaveanyinformationabouthim.

W:Thanksalot.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

14.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?

A.Theyarecolleagues.

B.Theyarebusinesspartners.

C.Theyareformerclassmates.

15.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Onatrain.

B.Onaplane.

C.Inanoffice.

16.WhatisthewomangoingtodoinParis?

A.Visitanexhibition.

B.Dealwithbusiness.

C.Conductaninterview.

17.Whatischallengingaboutthewoman'sjob?

A.Gettingupearly.

B.Meetingtonsofpeople.

C.Balancingworkandlife.

【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Hi,Jenny.Fancymeetingyouhere.

W:Hi,George.Haven'tseenyoufbrages!It'sbeenfiveyearssinceourgraduation.

M:Yes.ButifIhadn'tfollowedmywife'ssuggestion,IwouldhavetakenatrainandthusIwouldn'thaveachance

ofrunningintoyouhere.

W:I'maluckydog.Whodroveyoutotheairport?

M:MysisterJane.MywifeSusanwentonabusinesstripyesterday.WhatareyougoingtodoinFrance?

W:IheardtherewillbeapaintingexhibitioninParisthisweekend.IlikeMonet.HisWaterLiliesisparticularly

famous.

M:Ha-ha,JayChou'slatestsongGreatestWorksofArtalsomentionedthisartist.Howisyourworkgoing?

W:Quitebusy.Ifindanewjobasanewsreporter,andifsreallyhardformetobalancemyworkandlife.Igetup

veryearlyandspendonehourstudyingeveryday.ThefunpartisthatIcanmeetvariouspeopleandlearntonsof

theirstories.

M:Sinceourflighttakesthreehours,wecouldhavealongtalk.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

18.Wheremightthistalkbeheard?

A.Ontheradio.

B.OntheInternet.

C.Inaclassroom.

19.Whatisthemajorreasonwhyyoucan'tfullyunderstandwhatyouhear?

A.Failingtocatchupwiththespeaker.

B.NotknowingenoughEnglishwords.

C.Wastingtoomuchtimeonunfamiliarwords.

20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoingastolistening?

A.Writingdownimportantmessages.

B.Ignoringunfamiliarwordswhilelistening.

C.Learningawordbywritingratherthanlistening.

【答案】18.C19.B20.B

【解析】

［原文］Somestudentshavewrittenemailstomeandaskedwhytheydidn'tmakemuchprogressinlistening.

HerearesomereasonsI'mgoingtotalkaboutintoday'sclass.

LackofEnglishvocabularyisprobablythenumberonereasonwhyyoucan'tfiillyunderstandwhatyouhear.

Ifthereareagreatnumberofunfamiliarwords,itmaybehardforyoutounderstandthegivenmessage.Another

caseisthefactthatyouknowthewords,yetcan'ttelltheirmeaningswhilelistening.Thatusuallyhappensbecause

youleamnewwordsbyyoureyes,notyourears.Youhavelearnedthewordsonlyintheirwrittenformsbuthave

missedthe“sound"forms.Besides,sometimesyouknowthewords,butithappensthatyoudon'thearthemvery

often,soyoufailtorecognizethewordsimmediately.

Englishlearnerstendtothinkthatinordertounderstandthewholelistening,theyhavetoknowthemeaning

ofeverysingleword.Thisisawrongideaalmosteverybodyhas.Ifyoutrytounderstandeverysinglewordwhile

listening,you'lltendtostopforawhiletothink.Therefore,skipthewordsyoudon'tknowortheywillaffectthe

wholelisteningprocess.Next,let'stalkaboutsomelisteningprogramson97.5FM.Itwillhelpyoupracticeyour

listening.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Notallbrilliantreadsarebehindthepaywall,someclassicsaremuchmoreaccessible-clickanddownload.

PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAusten

ItisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatPrideandPrejudiceisareally,reallygoodbook.Alittlebitrigid,a

littlebitrepressed,alittlebittender,andpainfullyclassconscious,it'sthefullEnglishromancepackage.Now

morethan200yearsold,thenovelhasbeenretoldtimeandagain,findingnewaudienceseachtime.Still,there's

nosubstitutefortheoriginal.

Alice'sAdventuresinWonderlandbyLewisCarroll

FromtheCheshireCattoTweedledumandTweedledee,Alice'sadventuresareasstrangeandwonderfultoday

astheywere150yearsago.CompletewithArthurRackham'swonderfulillustrationsthere'sstillnothingquitelike

it.Everyoneshouldgodowntherabbitholeatleastonce.

ATaleofTwoCitiesbyCharlesDickens

PerhapsnobookdoesabetterjobofcondensingCharlesDickens,brilliancethanhis1859novelATateofTwo

Cities.TakingplaceinLondonandParisagainstthebackgroundoftheFrenchRevolution,thestoryhasinspired

countlessprojectssince-evenChristopherNolan'sBatmanfilms.Andthebestthing?Ifyoulikeit,allDickens,

otherbooksarereadyandwaitingtobereadtoo.

Frankenstein;Or,TheModernPrometheusbyMaryShelley

AlthoughMaryShelley'scentralmessageofpeoplebeingdestroyedbythemonsterstheycreatehasbeen

largelyignoredintheyearssincepublication,thetaleitselfcontinuestobeverypopularindeed,andwithgood

reason.Thebook'smasterfulcombinationofhorror,romanticism,andsciencefictionmakesitasattractivetodayas

itwouldhavebeenin1818.Justthethingfbrnighttimereading.

21.WhatcanyoureadaboutinPrideandPrejudice?

A.Cuteanimals.B.FrenchRevolution.

C.Scientificdiscoveries.D.Classconsciousness

22.Whichbookbestsuitspeoplewholiketoreadatmidnight?

A.Frankenstein.

B.ATaleofTwoCities.

C.PrideandPrejudice.

D.Alice'sAdventuresinWonderland

23.Whatdothefournovelshaveincommon?

A.Theyareromanticnovels.

B.Theycanbereadforfree.

C.Theywerecreatedintheearly1900s.

D.Theywereignoredwhenfirstpublished.

【21〜23题答案】

【答案】21.D22.A23.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本可以免费下载和阅读的经典小说。

[21题详解】

细节理解题。根据PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAusten中“Alittlebitrigid,alittlebitrepressed,alittlebit

lender,andpainfullyclassconscious（有点死板，有点压抑，有点温柔，还有痛苦的阶级意识）”可知，在《傲

慢与偏见》这本书中，你可以了解到痛苦的阶级意识。故选D。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据Frankenstein;Or,TheModernPrometheusbyMaryShelley中“Justthethingfornighttime

reading/正好适合夜间阅读。户可知，《弗兰肯斯坦》适合喜欢晚上阅读的人。故选A。

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"Notallbrilliantreadsarebehindthepaywall,someclassicsaremuchmore

accessible-clickanddownload^并非所有优秀的读物都需要付费，一些经典读物更容易点击和下载。）”

可知，这四本经典小说都是可以免费下载阅读的。故选B。

B

InApril2008,1cameacrossanessayaboywithautism（自闭症）hadwrittenwhenhewas14.Iwasimpressed.

Ithoughttherewaspotentialfbradocumentary.Thedirectoragreed."Findtheboy!”hesaid.Acoupleofmonths

later,Ifoundhim,Anton.Soitbegan-afilmaboutAnton'stransformation.Atleast,that'swhatIthoughtatthe

time.

Duringfilming,Ihelpedputhimintodifferenthospitalsandcampsfortreatmentandwebecameclose.There

werelotsofunforgettablemoments.Irememberonevisitwhenwesattogether,talkingquietlyandeatingfoodI'd

made.Thenitwastimefbrmetogo.Withoutsayingaword,Antonstoodupandstartedtobanghisheadagainst

thewall.BAM.BAM.Bloodstreameddownhisface.Atthatmoment,lookingatthedespaironAnton'sface,I

recognizedmyself.WhatIrecognizedwasanemotionalabundanceinhimthatIhadmyself.LikeAnton,Iwas

overthetop.IfIlovedsomeone,Ilovedthemcompletely.IfIwasupset,Iletitshow.ButunlikeAnton,I'dlearned

toeditemotionsasiftheywereafilm.Butlately,Iwaswakingupinthemorningwithoneterrifyingthought:

“WhoamI?”Antonhelpedmetoanswerthis.Hewastheonlypersoninmylifewholetmelovewithoutany

holdingbackandwholovedmethesameway.

ThefilmAnton"sRightHerewasreleasedinOctober2012andshownatfilmfestivalsinRussiawhereit

receivedprizesatseveralmajorRussianfilmfestivals.

AfterthefilmwasshownbytheFirstTVChannel-Russia'smainTVchannel-lettersflowedin.Autistic

individualsandtheirfamiliesneededhelp.That'swhentheideaofafoundationbegantotakeshapeinmymind.

Thefoundation,calledAnton'sRightHere,officiallyopenedinDecember2013.It'sRussia'sfirst-evercentrefbr

adultswithautism.ItkeepshelpingpeoplewithautismlikeAnton.

Whenwestartedtofilm,Antonwas19.He'snow31.I'mstillverymuchapartofhislife.Withhisunedited

emotions,Antonremindsmeeverydayofwhatit'sliketobereally,unreservedlylovedandtolovebackinreturn.

24.WhydidthewriterwanttofindAnton?

A.SheintendedtomakeafilmaboutAnton.B.ShesawAnton'spotentialtobeawriter.

C.ShewantedtotransformAnton'slife.D.Shewasaskedtodosobythedirector.

25.WhydidAntonhurthimselfduringavisit?

A.Hewaslostforwords.B.Hisconditionwasgettingworse.

C.Hetendedtolosehistemperfornoreason.D.Hedidnotwantthewritertoleave.

26.Whatdoweknowaboutthedocumentaryfromthepassage?

A.Ittook5yearstoshoot.B.Itarousedlittlesocialconcern.

C.AfoundationofthesamenamewasestablishedbyAnton.D.Shootingitmadeadifferencetothewriter's

life.

27.WhatlessondidthewriterlearnfromAnton?

A.Howtodealwithautism.B.Howtoeditheremotions.

C.Howtoloveandbeloved.D.Howtolivelifetothefullest.

【24~27题答案】

【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者拍摄了一部关于一名名叫安东的自闭症患者的纪录片，这个纪录片带来了

巨大的社会反响，并且作者从安东身上学到了如何爱与被爱。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段第三句"Ithoughttherewaspotentialforadocumentary.“（我觉得有可能拍成纪录

片。）可知，作者想找到安东是因为她想拍一部关于安东的电影。故选A。

【25题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段第四句"Thenitwastimeformetogo."（然后我就该走了。）和最后一句"Hewas

theonlypersoninmylifewholetmelovewithoutanyholdingbackandwholovedmethesameway."（他是

我生命中唯一一个让我毫无保留地去爱的人，也是唯一一个同样爱我的人。）可知，安东在一次拜访中

自残是因为不想作者离开。故选D。

【26题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句"Withhisuneditedemotions,Antonremindsmeeverydayofwhatit's

liketobereally,unreservedlylovedandtolovebackinreturn."（用他那未经编辑的情感，安东每天都在提醒

我什么是真正的、毫无保留的被爱，以及被爱的回报。）可知，拍摄这部纪录片改变了这位作者的生活。

故选D。

【27题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句"Withhisuneditedemotions,Antonremindsmeeverydayofwhatit's

liketobereally,unreservedlylovedandtolovebackinreturn."（用他那未经编辑的情感，安东每天都在提醒

我什么是真正的、毫无保留的被爱，以及被爱的回报。）可知，作者从安东身上学到了如何爱与被爱。

故选C。

C

EntiretownsinwesternGermanyweredestroyedlastweekby“thefloodofthecentury",saidSusanneScholz

inExpress,andthewholecountryisinshock.TheimagesonTVnewslookedliketheywerecomingfroma

tropicalmonsoonzone（热带季风区）,notourfirst-worldnation.Neverdidwethinkwewouldseeourowncitizens

"trappedinhousesontheedgeofcrash,indangerofbeingsweptawaybymassesofwater”.

DaysofsevereraingotriverstobursttheirbanksinthestatesofRhineland-PalatinateandNorth

Rhine-WestphaliaandinneighboringBelgiumandtheNetherlands.InthesmalltownofSinzig,theRiverAhr

reacheditshighestlevelatabout23feet,floodinganursinghomeanddrowning12disabledresidentswhocould

notflee.

Authoritieshavesofarconfirmedsome200deathsacrossGermany,buthundredsmorepeopleremainmissing.

Whileauthoritiessayit'stooearlytoputapricetagonthedamage,theimagesoffloodedhomesandelectrical

stations,damagedbridges,andcarscrumpled（变皱）byfallentreestellataleofvastmaterialloss.t4TheGerman

languagehardlyknowsanywordsforthedamagethathasbeenbroughtabout,"saidChancellorAngelaMerkel.

Shepraisedthethousandsofvolunteerswhocametopumpoutwater,loadsandbags,andsearchforsurvivors.

"Disastercontrolclearlyfailed,saidPeterTiedeinBild.Stateandlocalauthoritiesresponsiblefbrevacuation

（疏散）warningsreliedonsmartphoneappsthatmanyGennansdon'thave—andservicewasoutanywaybecause

thestormshaddownedthecelltowers.Onlyold-fashionedalarmsworkinsuchemergencies,yetourfew

loudspeakervansneverleftthestations.Publicradio,meanwhile,“wasplayingpopmusicwhilehundredsof

peoplewerebeingwashedaway,housescollapsing,villagestorndowntotheground.It'ssimplyunforgivable.

“HowbadwillitgetwhensuchafloodhitsamajorcitylikeCologneorHamburginsteadofvillagesandsmall

towns?"

28.Howdidthewholecountryreacttotheflood?

A.Theywereindifferent.B.Theywerequitesurprised.

C.Theywereinhighspirits.D.Theywerewell-prepared.

29.Whatwasthedirectcauseofthedisaster?

A.Daysofheavyrain.B.Failureindisastercontrol.

C.Old-fashionedalarms.D.DelayedEvacuationwarnings.

30.WhatdoesAngelaMerkelintendtosay?

A.TheGermanlanguageislimited.B.Volunteersareneededbadly.

C.Thedamageisbeyonddescription.D.Newvocabularyshouldbeadded.

31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AuthoritiesShouldBetoBlameB.MajorCitiesAreReadyforEmergency

CHarmfulFloodsRaiseConcernsinGermanyD.DeathsAreConfirmedinTerribleFloods

【28〜31题答案】

【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了德国严重的洪涝灾害所引发的关注。

【28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“EntiretownsinwesternGermanyweredestroyedlastweekby'thefloodofthe

century\saidSusanneScholzinExpress,andthewholecountryisinshock.（SusanneScholz在《快报》上表

示，上周，德国西部的整个城镇都被‘世纪洪水’摧毁，整个国家都处于震惊之中。户以及“Neverdidwe

thinkwewouldseeourowncitizens'trappedinhousesontheedgeofcrash,indangerofbeingsweptaway

bymassesofwater，.（我们从未想过我们会看到自己的公民，被困在濒临崩溃的房子里，面临被洪水卷走

的危险）”可知，整个国家对洪水感到震惊，感到意外。故选B项。

【29题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Daysofsevereraingotriverstobursttheirbanksinthestatesof

Rhineland-PalatinateandNorthRhine-Westphalia,andinneighboringBelgiumandtheNetherlands.（连续儿

天的暴雨导致莱茵兰一普法尔茨州和北莱茵一威斯特伐利亚州以及邻国比利时和荷兰的河流决堤。r

可知，这场灾难的直接原因是连续儿天的大雨。故选A项。

【30题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“Whileauthoritiessayit'stooearlytoputapricetagonthedamage,theimages

offloodedhomesandelectricalstations,damagedbridges,andcarscrumpled（变皱）byfallentreestellatale

ofvastmaterialloss."TheGermanlanguagehardlyknowsanywordsforthedamagethathasbeenbrought

about；5saidChancellorAngelaMerkel.（虽然当局说，现在对损失进行估价还为时过早，但洪水淹没的

房屋和发电站、受损的桥梁以及被倒下的树木碾压的汽车，都说明了巨大的物质损失。德国总理Angela

Merkel表示：‘德语几乎不知道有什么词语来形容这一事件所造成的损害。了可知，这次洪灾损害非常

严重，AngelaMerkel的意思是说“损害是无法描述的"。故选C项。

（31题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“EntiretownsinwesternGermanyweredestroyedlastweekby'the

floodofthecentury\saidSusanneScholzinExpress,andthewholecountryisinshock.TheimagesonTV

newslookedliketheywerecomingfromatropicalmonsoonzone（热带季风区），notourfirst-worldnation.

Neverdidwethinkwewouldseeourowncitizens'trappedinhousesontheedgeofcrash,indangerofbeing

sweptawaybymassesofwater'.（SusanneScholz在《快报》上表示，上周，德国西部的整个城镇都被‘世

纪洪水'摧毁，整个国家都处于震惊之中。电视新闻上的画面看起来像是来自热带季风地带，而不是我

们的第一世界国家。我们从未想过我们会看到自己的公民'被困在濒临崩溃的房子里，面临被洪水卷走

的危险厂可知，本文主要报道了德国严重的洪涝灾害所引发的关注，选项C“德国洪涝灾害引发关注”

符合主题，适合做标题。故选C项。

D

In2008,MichaelGoodfellow,ascientistatNewcastleUniversity,washandedasoilsampletakenfrom

Chile'sAtacamaDesert——theworld'sdriestdesert,onceconsideredadeadzone."Quitefrankly,wedidn'texpectto

isolate（使分离）anything,Goodfellowadmits.Buttohissurprise,hewasabletogrowadiversityofbacteriafrom

thesample.

A2018reviewcountedatotalof46newmolecules（分子）thathavebeenisolatedfromtheAtacamabacteria

sofar,manyofwhichshowantibiotic（抗菌的），antiviraloranticancerproperties（特征）.Itwasthetypeofbacteria

livingintheAtacamathatprovedparticularlyexciting:actinobacteria（放线菌）.

Takestreptomycesgriseusforexample,aspeciesofactinobacteriayoumightfindinsoil.Asampleof

streptomyces,whenplacedamongmycobacteriumtuberculosis（结核杆菌）,willreleaseachemicalwhichstopsits

bacterialneighborsfromgrowingtheproteinstheyneedtosurvive.WhenscientistsatRutgersUniversitymanaged

toisolatethischemicalin1944,theyaccidentallyfoundthefirstantibiotictreatmentfortuberculosis,saving

countlesslives.

Today,thereisgeneralagreementontheneedforthedevelopmentofnewantibioticsbecauseourmosttrusted

drugsbegantofail——bacteriahavelearnthowtosurviveourantibioticattacks.Sometimes,apotentiallyuseful

chemicalcanbefoundrightinenvironmentsaroundus.Butmanyscientistsarguethatweshouldalsobeexploring

thenaturalworldfornovelbiochemistry,anapproachknownas“bioprospecting”.

“70%to75%ofallantibioticscomefromnature,notesMarcelJaspars,anaturalproductchemistatthe

UniversityofAberdeen."Itstrikesmethatweshouldbelookingmoredeeplyintohownaturemakesthese

moleculesandhowwecanactuallyfindantibiotics.^^

32.WhatdidGoodfellowthinkofthesampleatfirst?

A.Itwaslifeless.B.Itwasman-made.C.Itwasofgreatvalue.D.Itwasofdoubtfulorigin.

33.Whydoestheauthormentionscientists,achievementin1944?

A.Tocomparetwospeciesofactinobacteria.B.Toexplainthemajorcauseoftuberculosis.

C.Toexplainthepurposeofantibiotictreatments.D.ToshowthepotentialoftheAtacamaactinobacteria.

34.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJaspars'attitudeto“bioprospecting”?

ADoubtful.B.Supportive.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.

35.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Antibioticsareboundtofail.B.Effectivetreatmentscomefromnature.

C.FunfactsarelistedabouttheAtacamaDesert.D.Thedesertsoilcouldsavelives.

(32-35题答案】

【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在2008年,一位科学家从世界上最干旱的沙漠——智利的阿塔卡马沙漠

带回的样本中培养出对人类有益的细菌——放线菌。

【32题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Quitefrankly,wedidn'texpecttoisolate（使分离）anything（非常坦率地说，我

们没有期待从中分离出什么东西来）''及"Buttohissurprise,hewasabletogrowadiversityofbacteriafrom

thesample.（但令他惊讶的是，他能够从样本中培养出多种细菌）”可知，他起初认为样本中不存在任

何形式的生命，故选A项。

【33题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“WhenscientistsatRutgersUniversitymanagedtoisolatethischemicalin1944,

theyaccidentallyfoundthefirstantibiotictreatmentfortuberculosis（aseriousinfectiousdisease）,saving

countlesslives.（在1944年，科学家从分离出的化学物质中，意外地发现了用于治疗结核病的抗菌，

这种抗菌拯救了无数的生命。）“，从这个事例中，可以推断如今的发现的这种放线菌拯救了无数的生

命，有治疗某种疾病的潜能，故选D项。

【34题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“70%to75%ofallantibioticscomefromnature（所有抗生素的70%到75%

来自大自然）"和"Itstrikesmethatweshouldbelookingmoredeeplyintohownaturemakesthesemolecules

andhowwecanactuallyfindantibiotics.（我觉得我们应该更深入地研究大自然是如何制造这些分子的，

以及我们如何才能找到抗生素。）“可知，Jaspars认为可以利用bioprospecting来找到抗生素，所以是支

持态度，故选B。

【35题详解】

主旨大意题。根据全文可知，科学家从沙漠带回的样本中，分离出多种细菌，其中包含了对人类有益

的放线菌，这种细菌有可能用于治疗人类的某种疾病，故选D项。

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

FromtheancientChinesestories,tothestoriesinthemedievalcathedrals（中世纪的教堂）inthewest,itis

perfectlyclearthatthereisstrongpleasureandmeaningtogainfromstoriestoldthroughimagesorpictures.People

areluckyenoughtohavehadbookswithbothpicturesandwordswhentheywerechildren.36

Aftertheworldwars,thecheapbookswithoutpictureswereeverywhereanditmadereadingbooksillustrated

withpicturesforadultsaveryluxuriousthing.Somehow,pictureshadalsocometoseemchildishor

strange.37Justastheever-increasingpopularityofthegraphicnovel（连环画力、说）suggests,worksboth

wordsandpicturesareregardedasclassics.

38Infacttheformerdevelopsfromthelatter.EarlywritingsystemssuchasthoseinEgyptand

China:thingsintheworldwereexpressedinwrittenformbydrawi