山东省德州市2022-2023学年高一年级上册期末考试英语 含解析

高一英语试题

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮

擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。

3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJimandBob?

A.Twins.B.Workmates.C.Neighbors.

2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Howtodosometutoring.

B.Howtopayforschoolfees.

C.Howtoapplyforanewjob.

3.Whendoesthe"FamilyWelcome^^eventstart?

A.At5:00.B.At10:00.C.At10:30.

4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inahospital.B.Inthelibrary.C.Attheman'shome.

5.WhatcanweknowaboutShelly?

A.Sheenviestheman.B.Sheisgettingsick.C.Shehateseatingout.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whichturnshouldthemantake?

A.Thefirstontheleft.B.Thefirstontheright.C.Thesecondontheleft.

7.Howwillthemangettothecinema?

AOnfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatisthemanmostprobably?

A.Ateacher.B.Astudent.C.Asinger.

9.Whatdoesthemanworryabout?

AHehastomeetnewpeople.

B.Herarelygivesperformances.

C.Hecan'tplaytheguitarwell.

10.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Jointheband.B.Attendaparty.C.Practicesinging.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Howlongdidthewomanspendonvacation?

AThreedays.B.Oneweek.C.Threeweeks.

12.Whichisthewoman'slaststopforhervacation?

ATokyo.B.Perth.C.Singapore.

13.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtotalkaboutnext?

A.Hernewfriend.B.Atourplan.C.Australiantourists.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14.Whatdidthemandoin1959?

A.Leftschool.B.Wroteanovel.C.MovedtoIndonesia.

15.Whendidthemanstarttomakedocumentaries（名己录片）？

A.In1960.B.Inl973.C.Inl978.

16.Whichistheman'ssecondnovel?

A.RagDoll.B.TheColdEarth.C.EasternMoon.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatshouldlistenersdoontheexamdays?

A.Deliveralecture.B.Takemake-upexams.C.Cometoclassontime.

18.Howmanyweeksdoesatermhave?

A15.B.16.C.20.

19.Whatareequallyimportantinthegradingprocedure（程序）？

A.Examsandquizzes.B.Examsandhomework.C.Quizzesandhomework.

20.Whatmaystudentsdointhelaboratorysessions?

A.Testthemselves.B.Discusswiththeteacher.C.Doplentyofreadings.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Parishasafantasticcollectionofcafes,whetheryouneedacozyspotoracupofcoffee.Herearesomeof

thebestplacesIdiscoveredwhenIwassenttothebranchinParistocoveranevent.

GroundstateCafe

Sittingintheheartofthecity,GroundstateCafeisalwaysrecommendedbynewsreporters.Youcaneasily

enjoyacarefreedaywithabookandacupofcoffee.Groundstateisapopularspotforartistsbecauseofthe

ancientpaintingscollectedbytheshopowner.Thewaitersarealwaysreadytohelpyou.

LeProcope

Locatedonadowntownstreet,LeProcopeisfamousforitsenthusiasticserviceanddelicioussnacks.Office

workersalwayschatwiththeirfriendsandhavefunwiththeircolleagues.Ybucanenjoythefreshairand

sunshinebecausetheyonlyhaveseatsoutdoors.Asaresult,theowneronlyrunstheshopduringthewarm

seasons.

CoutumeCafe

Situatedinthecitycentre,CoutumeCafeispopularamongbusinessmentomeettheirclients.Thecafe

promotesalifeofluxurywithfantasticdecorationandcomfortablechairs.Waiterswhoarehighlyeducatedand

elegantcanhelpvisitorschoosetherighttypeofcoffee.

Motors

Thisrecently-openedcoffeeshopislocatedinthecountryside.Theyselldeliciouslocaldesserts.The

waitressestherearehelpfulandfriendly.Someofthemarecollegestudentswhotakepart-timejobsduring

weekends.Itisalsoaperfectshoppingmarketforpeopletobuysomecoffeeproductsandtastesomelocal

delicacies.IamsurethatIwillbringsomeproductstomycolleagueswhenIreturn.

1.Whichplaceappealstoartlovers?

A.GroundstateCafe.B.LeProcope.

C.CoutumeCafe.D.Motors.

2.WhatdoLeProcopeandMotorshaveincommon?

A.Theyhavealonghistory.B.Theyarelocateddowntown.

C.Theybothoffernicesnacks.D.Theyareopenallyearround.

3.Whatdoesthewriterprobablydo?

AAfamouscook.B.AFrenchartist.

C.Anewsreporter.D.AwaitressinCafe.

【答案】l.A2.C3.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在巴黎很棒的几所咖啡店。

（1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段uGroundstateisapopularspotforartistsbecauseoftheancientpaintingscollected

bytheshopowner.v（Groundstate是艺术家们的热门景点，因为店主收藏了古画。）可知，吸引艺术爱好

者的地方是GroundstateCafeo故选A项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段uLocatedonadowntownstreet,LeProcopeisfamousforitsenthusiasticserviceand

delicioussnacks."（LeProcope位于市中心的一条街道上，以其热情的服务和美味的小吃而闻名。）以及

第五段“Itisalsoaperfectshoppingmarketforpeopletobuysomecoffeeproductsandtastesomelocal

delicacies."（这里也是一个完美的购物市场，人们可以购买一些咖啡产品并且品尝一些当地美食。）可

知，LeProcope和Motors的共同点是它们都会提供一些当地的小吃。故选C项。

3题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“HerearesomeofthebestplacesIdiscoveredwhenIwassenttothebranchinParis

tocoveranevent."（以下是我被派往巴黎分行报道一场活动时发现的一些最好的地方。）可知，作者需要

去报道一场活动，推断出他是一名新闻记者。故选C项。

B

OnOct.24,2018photo,amaleredsiskinbiidisrestingonabranchinVirgas,Wnezuela.Thebirdiscalled

“LittleCardinal“bythelocalsandappearsonthemoneyof\fenezuela,onproductsandeveninschoolbooks.But

recently,thesmallsongbirdsaredisappearingfromthewild.

Onceflourishinginthemillions,asfewas300remaininthewildinXbnezuela.Themalesiskinisvaluedfor

itsredfeathersandblackhead.Hunters,eventhelocalfarmers,oftencatchandsellthebirdsformoney.

ProtectionunderX^nezuelanlawhasnotstoppedhuntersfromcatchingthebirdstosellonanillegalinternational

market.Meanwhile,moreandmoreforestsai,ebeingcutdowntoplantcashcrops.

Thatthreathasbroughtattentionfromaninternationalteam.Theteamincludesscientistsfromthe

SmithsonianInstitutioninWashingtonD.C.andcoffeefarmersinXfenezuela'smountains.Theyhopetosavethe

birdwiththehelpofthefarmers.Aneffectiveplanhasbeenmadetohavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplants.

Suchcoffeeplantsarecoveredwithbrancheswhichmakegoodnestingplacesforthebirds.

Plantingorganiccoffeecropswithbranchesstopsfarmersfromincreasingproductionbythinningtheir

coffeecropstoletmoresunontotheirfields.Farmerswhomeettheproject9sruleswillwintherighttoselltheir

beanswith“BirdFriendlylabels.Theywillbeabletosetpricesforsuch"highquality^^productsthatcanbefive

timeshigherthanlegalpricessetbythegovernment.

Atthesametime,aredsiskinbreedingcenterisbeingbuiltataprivatezooin\fenezuelawhere200birdsare

expectedtobebornnextyear.Thisnumberwillbeaddedtothe25siskinsattheSmithsonianInstitution.Red

siskinsfromthecenterwillbeplacedinthecoffeeforests.Theseeffortscouldpreventthebirdsfrom

disappearing.

Therearereportsofearlysuccess.About40farmersinthemountainsofCarayaca,northwestofthecapital

Caracas,havestoppedcuttingdowntrees,amovethatwillhelpthesiskintogetawayfromthedangerous

situation.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutthesiskinfromparagraphI?

A.Itsbenefitsforlocaleducation.B.Itswidepopularityinthepast.

C.Itsbeautifulgestureonbranches.D.Itsgreatvaluefortheenvironment.

5.Whatcausedthedeclineinthebird'snumber?

A.Lackoflawsfromthegovernment.B.Illegaltradeformakinghighprofits.

C.Beinghuntedforthedeliciousmeat.D.Plantingcashcropsforenoughfood.

6.Whydoestheteamhavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplants?

A.Toletmoresunontothefarmers'fields.B.Toimprovethequalityofthecashcrops.

C.Toofferbranchestothebreedingcenter.D.Tocreateenoughnestingplacesforthebird.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

AThevalueoftheendangeredredsiskin.B.Thereasonsfortheredsiskin'sdisappearing.

C.Theprofitsthefarmersgetfromcoffeeplants.D.Theeffortstheteammadetosavetheredsiskin.

【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了委内瑞拉一种叫做松黄雀的鸟濒临灭绝，科学家团队联合当地农

民采取一系列措施保护这种濒危的鸟类。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"Thebirdiscalled"LittleCardinal''bythelocalsandappearsonthemoneyof

\bnezuela,onproductsandeveninschoolbooks."（这种鸟被当地人称为“小红衣主教”，出现在委内瑞

拉的钞票上、产品上，甚至出现在学校的课本上。）可知，这种鸟的形象曾出现在委内瑞拉人的日常生活

中，推断出松黄雀在过去很受欢迎。故选B项。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Themalesiskinisvaluedforitsredfeathersandblackhead.Hunters,eventhelocal

farmers,oftencatchandsellthebirdsformoney.ProtectionunderXtenezuelanlawhasnotstoppedhuntersfrom

catchingthebirdstosellonanillegalinternationalmarket.w（雄性松黄雀因其红色的羽毛和黑色的头部而受

到重视。猎人，甚至是当地的农民，经常捕捉并出售这些鸟来赚钱。委内瑞拉法律的保护并没有阻止猎

人捕捉这些鸟在非法国际市场上出售。）可知，松黄雀数量的下降是因为猎人们为了高额利益而进行的非

法交易。故选B项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段"Aneffectiveplanhasbeenmadetohavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplants.Such

coffeeplantsarecoveredwithbrancheswhichmakegoodnestingplacesforthebirds."（已经制定了——项让农

民种植有机咖啡的有效计划。这种咖啡植物上长满了树枝，这是鸟类很好的筑巢地。）可知，团队让农民

种植有机咖啡植物是为鸟创造足够的筑巢场所。故选D项。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第三段"Aneffectiveplanhasbeenmadetohavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplants.（已

经制定了一项让农民种植有机咖啡的有效计划。）及第五段“Atthesametime,aredsiskinbreedingcenteris

beingbuiltataprivatezooin\fenezuelawhere200birdsareexpectedtobebornnextyear.Thisnumberwillbe

addedtothe25siskinsattheSmithsonianInstitution.Redsiskinsfromthecenterwillbeplacedinthecoffee

forests.Theseeffortscouldpreventthebirdsfromdisappearing.,,（与此同时，委内瑞拉一家私人动物园正在

建造一个松黄雀繁殖中心，预计明年将有200只鸟在那里出生。这个数字将被添加到史密森学会的25个

松黄雀中。来自中心的松黄雀将被放置在咖啡林中。这些努力可以防止这些鸟消失。）可知，这些都是团

队为拯救松黄雀所做的努力。故选D项。

C

IsitlikelythatapersonwhooriginallyhasnolanguageabilityischeerfullydiscussingtheWorldCupwith

you?Theanswerisyes.

InapaperpublishedinNatureCommunicationsonNovember8,2022,researchershavesuccessfullychanged

thebrainwavesofanaphasic（失语症）paralyzedpersonintosentences,whicharedisplayedonthecomputerscreen

andcantcsay^^thousandsofwords,asisintended.

Thisparticipantis30yearsold.Adecadeagohewasaphasicduetostroke,hisarmsandlegsunabletomove.

Hedependedonapolepinnedonthebaseballcaptoclickthelettersonthescreentocommunicatewithpeople.It's

quiteinconvenient.

LastyearresearchersfromtheUniversityofCaliforniausedthelatesttechnologytoimplant（植入）adevice

intothespeechmotorareaofhisbrainandconnectitwithaneural（神经的）instrumenttomonitorbrainwave

patternswhenheexpresseddifferentwords.Theyusedcomputerprogramstobuildalanguagemodelwitha

vocabularyof50wordsforhim.Whenheusedthesewordsto“speak“inhismind,hisbrainwavemovementwas

turnedintocompletesentencesandshownonthescreen.Formonthstheteamrecordedhisneuralactivitywhenhe

“spoke”,usedAItoidentifyvariouspatternsandlinkedthemtothewords.Oncearesearcheraskedonthescreen,

“Doyouwantsomewater?”Andheanswered,"No.I'mnotthirsty.”

“Thespellingspeedofthedevicereaches29.4charactersperminute.Thecharactererrorrateisonly6.13%.

Theofflinetestresultsshowitcanbeexpandedtoalargevocabularycontaining9000words,maintainingalow

charactererrorrate-8.23%,nsaidSeanMetzger,theleadauthorofthepaper."Aphasicpeopleliketousethisdevice

asitmakescommunicationconvenient.Anythingispossible.^^

Moreaphasicpeopleareneededtoparticipateinthetest,whichisstillalongwayfrompromotion.Experts

warnalthoughthestudyresultsareimpressive,electrodeimplantationisrisky.

8.Whatisthepurposeoftheresearch?

A.Toassistaphasicpatientstotalk.B.Tobetterpeople'scommunication.

C.Tocurethoseincapableofspeaking.D.Toimprovepatients'languageskills.

9.Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?

A.Thepracticalapplicationofthefindings.B.Adisadvantageofthelanguagemodel.

C.Theworkingprocessoftheimplanteddevice.D.Asupportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

10.WhatcanbeinferredfromSeanMetzger'swords?

A.Thedevicemayhaveapromisingfuture

B.Thedevicecandoanythingforaphasicgroup.

C.Furtherresearchwillcentreonavoidingerrors.

D.Furtherresearchwillfacemanynewchallenges.

11.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetothedevice?

A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Indifferent.D.Objective.

【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究，研究人员成功地将失语症瘫痪者的脑电波转换成句子,

这些句子显示在电脑屏幕上，可以像预期的那样“说出”数千个单词。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二自然段"InapaperpublishedinNatureCommunicationsonNovember8,2022,

researchershavesuccessfullychangedthebrainwavesofanaphasic（失语症）paralyzedpersonintosentences,

whicharedisplayedonthecomputerscreenandcan"say"thousandsofwords,asisintended.（在2022年11月8

日发表在《自然通讯》上的一篇论文中，研究人员成功地将失语症瘫痪者的脑电波转换成句子，这些句

子显示在电脑屏幕上，可以像预期的那样“说出”数千个单词。）”可知，该研究的目的是帮助失语症患

者说话。故选A。

【9题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第四自然段"LastyearresearchersfromtheUniversityofCaliforniausedthelatest

technologytoimplant（植入）adeviceintothespeechmotorareaofhisbrainandconnectitwithaneural（神经

的）instrumenttomonitorbrainwavepatternswhenheexpresseddifferentwords.Theyusedcomputerprograms

tobuildalanguagemodelwithavocabularyof50wordsforhim.Whenheusedthesewordsto“speak“inhis

mind,hisbrainwavemovementwasturnedintocompletesentencesandshownonthescreen.Formonthsthe

teamrecordedhisneuralactivitywhenhe"spoke"，usedAItoidentifyvariouspatternsandlinkedthemtothe

words.（去年，加州大学的研究人员使用最新技术将一种设备植入他的大脑言语运动区域，并将其与神经

仪器连接，以监测他表达不同单词时的脑电波模式。他们使用计算机程序为他建立了一个词汇为50个单

词的语言模型。当他用这些词在脑海中“说话”时，他的脑电波运动被转化为完整的句子并显示在屏幕上。

几个月来，该团队记录了他“说话”时的神经活动，使用人工智能识别各种模式，并将其与单词联系起

来。）”可知，第4段重点介绍了植入装置的工作过程。故选C。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Aphasicpeopleliketousethisdeviceasitmakescommunicationconvenient.

Anythingispossible.（失语症患者喜欢使用这种设备，因为它可以方便沟通。任何事情都有可能。）”可

知，从SeanMetzger的话中可以推断出，该设备可能有一个充满希望的未来。故选A。

[11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段uMoreaphasicpeopleareneededtoparticipateinthetest,whichisstillalongway

frompromotion.Expertswarnalthoughthestudyresultsareimpressive,electrodeimplantationisrisky.（需要更

多的失语症患者参加测试，这离推广还有很长的路要走。专家警告说，尽管研究结果令人印象深刻，但

电极植入是有风险的。）”可知，作者对该设备的态度是客观的。故选D。

D

There'sbadnewsforparentswhofrequentlyleavetheii*kidsinfrontoftheTV:Itmightactuallyendupleaving

momsanddadsmorestressed.ThefindingscomefromaUniversityofArizona-ledstudy,whichexploresthe

potentialeffectsofchildren'stelevisionwatchinghabitsontheirparents5stresslevels.

Thelogicbehindthisisclear.Themoretelevisionkidswatch,themorethey'reexposed（接触）toadvertising,

whichoftenfeaturesbrightcolors,upbeatmusicandflashycharactersandcanbeespeciallypersuasive,since,

developmentally,childrenaren'tfullycapableofunderstandingadvertising'sintention."Themoreadvertisements

theysee,themorelikelytheyaretoinsistonpurchasingitemswhengoingwiththeirparentsandperhapsmakea

fussiftold'no'.Allthatmayincreaseparents'overallstresswellbeyondasingleshoppingtrip,“saidleadstudy

authorMatthewLapierre.

Thereareafewthingsparentscando,perhapsthemostobviousofwhichislimitingscreentime.''Commercial

contentisthereforareason:toelicitpurchasingbehavior.So,ifthisisaproblem,maybeshutofftheTV"Lapierre

said.Ofcourse,thatcanbeeasiersaidthandone,headmitted.

Anotherthingparentscantry,especiallyasadvertisingtargetingchildrenrocketsaroundtheholidays:Consider

howtheytalktotheirkidsaboutconsumerism.Atthistime,effectiveparent-childconsumer-relatedcommunication

canworkwell.

Overall,communicationbetweenparentsandchildrenisabetterstrategyforreducingstressinparents.

However,theresearchfound,thiscommunicativestrategyshowsdroppingreturnswhenchildrenaskformore

productsorhavemoreconsumerconflictwithparents.

Withtheriseofstreamingservices,however,manyviewersarenolongerbeingexposedtothetraditional

advertisingofnetworkorcableTVAdvertisersarefindingcreativewaysaroundthat,forexample,throughproduct

placementandintegrated（综合的）brandinginashow,Lapierresaid.Andadvertisingtowardchildrenremainsa

multibillion-dollarindustry.

“Ingeneral,moretelevisionexposuremeansmoreexposuretoadvertisements.EvenifI'mstreaming,I'm

likelyseeingmoreintegratedbranding,“Lapierresaid,“suchhiddenadvertisingishardertodetectandhasagreater

influenceonchildren'sconsuminghabits,leavingparentsmorestressed.

12.WhatdoesMatthewLapierreattempttoexploreinthestudy?

A.TheinfluencethebadnewsonTVhasonparents.

B.Children'sabilitytounderstandTVcommercials.

C.Thestressthekids'watchingTVbringstoparents.

D.StrategiestostopkidswatchingTVadvertisements.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"elicit“meaninparagraph3?

A.Cause.B.Challenge.C.Practise.D.Guarantee.

14.HowdoesLapierreconsidertheplacementadvertisinginstreamingservices?

A.Asimpleandbettermeansofadvertisingaproduct

B.Ahiddenwaytopromoteproductsorbrandstokids

C.Aneasywaytoavoidconflictsbetweenkidsandparents.

D.AneffectiveapproachtokeepingkidsfromTVcommercials.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.PeopleshouldkeepofftheinfluenceofTVads

B.Advertisersmakecommercialcontentsappealing

C.TVcommercialscaneducatethekidsunknowingly

D.Kids'exposuretoTVmakesparentsmorestressed

【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，对于那些经常把孩子放在电视机前的父母来说，这实际上可能会

让父母压力更大。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段""Themoreadvertisementstheysee,themorelikelytheyaretoinsistonpurchasing

itemswhengoingwiththeirparentsandperhapsmakeafussiftold'no'.AUthatmayincreaseparents'overall

stresswellbeyondasingleshoppingtrip.5'saidleadstudyauthorMatthewLapierre.（该研究的主要作者

MatthewLapierre说：“他们看到的广告越多，就越有可能在和父母一起购物时坚持购买物品，如果被告

知‘不'，他们可能会大惊小怪。所有这些都可能会增加父母的整体压力，远远超过一次购物之

旅。可知，MatthewLapierre在研究中试图探索孩子们看电视给父母带来的压力。故选C。

【13题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“"Commercialcontentisthereforareason:toelic义purchasingbehavior.（商

业内容的存在是有原因的：elicit购买行为。）”并结合常识可知，商业内容会引发购买行为。故elicit意

为“引发；引起”。故选A。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据到数第二段“Advertisersarefindingcreativewaysaroundthat,forexample,through

productplacementandintegrated（综合的）brandinginashow,Lapierresaid.Andadvertisingtowardchildren

remainsamultibillion-dollarindustry.（Lapierre说，广告商正在寻找创造性的方法来解决这一问题，例如在

节目中植入产品和整合品牌。面向儿童的广告仍然是一个价值数十亿美元的行业）”推知，Lapierre认为

流媒体服务中投放广告是一种向儿童推销产品或品牌的隐蔽方式。故选B。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段<lThere'sbadnewsforparentswhofrequentlyleavetheirkidsinfrontoftheTV:It

mightactuallyendupleavingmomsanddadsmorestressed.（对于那些经常把孩子放在电视机前的父母来

说，有一个坏消息：这实际上可能会让父母压力更大）”可知，本文主要介绍一项研究结果一一孩子接触

电视会让父母压力更大。D项"Kids'exposuretoTVmakesparentsmorestressed（孩子接触电视会让父母压

力更大）”最能概括本文主旨。故选D。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

BreadBakinginAncientEgypt

Didyouknowthatbreadisoneoftheearliesthumaninventions?

16Otheringredients（原料•）andshapescanvary.Scientistshavelearnedthathumanshavebeen

eatingbreadinsomeformoranotherfor30,000years.

Archaeologists（考古学家）havediscoveredpicturesofbakeriesandloavesofbreadinancientEgyptian

archaeologicalsites.17Home-bakers,usuallywomen,bakedonlythebreadtheywouldneedforthatday.

Infact,becausetheyhadnopotatoesorrice,breadwasthemostimportantintheancientEgyptian5diet.

Egyptiansusedagrainmuchsimilartowheatfortheirbread.Thegrainwasbrokenbyhandintoflouronstone.The

flourwasmixedwithwaterandsalt.」8ThisEgyptianbreadwasaflatbread.IndiannaanandMiddle

Easternpitaaretwoexamplesofflatbreadeatentoday.AttheendoftheancientEgyptianperiod,however,around

300BC,Egyptianbakersaddedtotheirbreadanimportantingredient:yeast（酵母）.」9Mostbreadstoday

aremadeusingthosefourbasicingredients:flour,yeast,salt,andwater.

However,breadproductiontodayismorecomplicated.Yes,youcanstillbakeyourownbreadathomewith

store-boughtflourandyeast.20Butthebreadyouseeingrocerystoresismadeinlargefactorieswhich

bakemanydifferentbreads.

A.Itmakesbreadrise.

B.NotalltheAncientEgyptiansatebread.

C.BreadisafoodmadeofHourandwater.

D.Itwasplacedinapotandbakedinaclayoven.

E.Youcanalsobuybreadmadeatsmallbakeries.

F.Breadbakeriesandhome-bakersusedthesametechniques.

G.AncientEgyptianfarmersdependedmuchonitfortheirgrainharvest.

【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.A20.E

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了古埃及人是如何烘焙面包的。

【16题详解】

根据下文“Otheringredients（原料）andshapescanvary.（其他成分和形状可能有所不同。）“可知，空格处

应说明面包的原料。C项“Breadisafoodmadeofflourandwater.（面包是一种由面粉和水制成的食

物。）”说明面包的原料是面粉和水，符合语境。故选C项。

【17题详解】

根据上文Archaeologists（考古学家）havediscoveredpicturesofbakeriesandloavesofbreadinancient

Egyptianarchaeologicalsites.（考古学家在古埃及考古遗址发现了面包店和面包的照片）”可知，上文提到了

古代面包店以及面包的照片。根据下文"Home-bakers,usuallywomen,bakedonlythebreadtheywouldneed

forthatday.（家庭面包师，通常是女性，只烤当天需要的面包。）”可知，下文提到家庭面包师烤面包。所

以，空格处应承上启下，将面包店和家庭面包师结合起来。F项"Breadbakeriesandhome-bakersusedthe

sametechniques.（面包店和家庭面包师使用了相同的技术。）”说明面包店和家庭面包师使用的技术相同，

符合语境。故选F项。

【18题详解】

根据上文“Thegrainwasbrokenbyhandintoflouronstone.Theflourwasmixedwithwaterandsalt.（谷物在

石头上用手掰成面粉。面粉与水和盐混合。）”可知，上文讲述古埃及人制作面包步骤。D项“Itwas

placedinapotandbakedinaclayoven.（把它放在一个锅里，在一个粘土烤箱里烤。）”承接上文，也是制

作面包的步骤。故选D项。

【19题详解】

根据下文“Egyptianbakersaddedtotheii-breadanimportantingredient:yeast（酵母）.（埃及面包师在面包中添

加了一种重要成分：酵母。）"可知，上文讲到制作面包的成分：酵母。A项"Itmakesbreadrise.（它使面

包上升。）”说明使用酵母的好处，符合语境。故选A项。

[20题详解】

根据上文**Yes,youcanstillbakeyourownbreadathomewithstore-boughtflourandyeast.（是的，你仍然可

以在家里用商店里买的面粉和酵母烤自己的面包。）”可知，上文说到你可以在家里自制面包。E项“Hu

canalsobuybreadmadeatsmallbakeries.（你也可以在小面包店买面包。）”说到你也可以买面包，与上文

是并列关系。故选E项。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Atthestartofmyseniorhighschoollife,IbegantodreamofenteringColumbiaUniversity.ButwhatIdidn't

realizewashow21mydreamwas.Icamefromamiddle-classfamily,anditseemedasthoughwehad

always22-tomakeendsmeet.

Iwasn'tthesmartestpersoninmyclass,notevenclose;butmy23wasintherightplace,andIwas

determined.Iappliedforevery24—Icouldinmysenioryear.Andthenmyteachertoldmeaboutthe

financialaidsystem.Iapplied,butIdidn'tthinkIwould25thateither.

Aftertheholidays,myfriendsstarted26.theiracceptancelettersfromcolleges,andI_27一

expectedmine.Finally,aletterarrivedfromColumbiaUniversity.Feelingsoffearandjoy2&mewhenI

openedtheenvelopewithtremblinghands.Ihaddoneit!Icriedforawhile,feelingbothextremelyexcitedand

29.Ihadbeendoingafull-timejob,butthatwasn'tenoughto30tuition（学费），anditwas

impossibleformyparentstopayformyeducation.

Monthswentbybeforealetterfromthe31aidofficecame.Iopeneditanxiously,butitwasonly

aletterrequestingmoreinformationtoprocessmy32.Thishappenedoverandover,andmy

33keptgettingshotdown.Eventually,anenvelopearrived,theonethatwould34whether

Icouldattendcollege.Notonlywasfinancialaidgoingtohelpmeoutw