安徽省部分学校2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省部分学校2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHerearethisyear’sfourscientificdiscoveriesthatcouldleadtonewinventions.Discovery1—Tosurviveintheocean,someanimalshidethemselvesfromthelight,hopingnottobefoundbyapredator(捕食者).However,theireyesreflect(反射)light,creatingshinethatcangiveawaytheirlocation.Sometinycrustaceans(甲壳类动物)havedevelopedawayaroundthisdisadvantage.Theireyesarecoveredwithasheetofspecialglassthateffectivelymatchestheireyeshinetothecolorofsurroundingwater.Inthisway,theybecomeinvisible(看不见的).Thisdiscoverymighthelpresearchersimproverelativetechnologiesinremotesensingandcommunications.Discovery2—Brownbearsseldomsufferfrombloodclots(血栓).Tofindouthowtheydoit,scientiststrackeddownbrownbearsinSweden.Theydiscoveredoneprotein(蛋白质)inbrownbearsshowedasignificantseasonalchange.Thediscoverycouldprovidewaysforpreventivetreatmentforcancerpatientsandthoselikelytodevelopbloodclots.Discovery3—Aspcaterpillarvenom(毛虫毒液)containsanunusualprotein.Whenitreachestheoutersurfaceofacell(细胞),thisproteinmakesaholethroughthecellwall.Byresearchingsuchnature,engineerscoulddevelopmedicinedeliverywaystogetdrugs(药物)insidecellswheretheyneedtowork.Discovery4—Thisyear,scientistsfoundtwospecialproteinsinbowheadwhales.TheproteinscalledCIRBPandRPA2playaroleinDNArepair,makingtheanimalsunlikelytodevelopcancers.Asascientistsays,weprobablyhavethesolutiontocancermedicineoutthereinnaturealready.1.Whatcanweknowaboutthetinycrustaceans?A.Theireyesreflectlightandcreateshine. B.Theycancarefullyhidethemselves.C.Theireyesdonotshinewhilereflectinglight. D.Theyareeasilyfoundbytheirpredators.2.Whichdiscoverymightimprovewaysdoctorsusedrugs?A.Discovery1. B.Discovery2. C.Discovery3. D.Discovery4.3.Whatdothefourdiscoverieshaveincommon?A.Theyprovideaninspirationfornewideasorwaysofdoingthings.B.Theymightbringaboutabreakthroughincommunication.C.Theyareallgoodforenvironmentalprotection.D.Theyareallconcernedwithendangeredanimals.〖答案〗1.C2.C3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了今年可能带来新发明的四项科学发现。【1题详析】推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Tosurviveintheocean,someanimalshidethemselvesfromthelight,hopingnottobefoundbyapredator(捕食者).However,theireyesreflect(反射)light,creatingshinethatcangiveawaytheirlocation.Sometinycrustaceans(甲壳类动物)havedevelopedawayaroundthisdisadvantage.Theireyesarecoveredwithasheetofspecialglassthateffectivelymatchestheireyeshinetothecolorofsurroundingwater.Inthisway,theybecomeinvisible(看不见的).(为了在海洋中生存，一些动物把自己藏起来躲避光线，希望不会被捕食者发现。然而，它们的眼睛反射光，发出的光芒会暴露它们的位置。一些微小的甲壳类动物已经找到了一种绕过这一劣势的方法。它们的眼睛上覆盖着一层特殊的玻璃，可以有效地将眼睛的光泽与周围水的颜色相匹配。通过这种方式，他们变得不可见。这一发现可能有助于研究人员改进遥感和通信方面的相关技术。)”可知，这种微小的甲壳类动物的眼睛反射光线时不发光。故选C。【2题详析】推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Discovery3—Aspcaterpillarvenom(毛虫毒液)containsanunusualprotein.Whenitreachestheoutersurfaceofacell(细胞),thisproteinmakesaholethroughthecellwall.Byresearchingsuchnature,engineerscoulddevelopmedicinedeliverywaystogetdrugs(药物)insidecellswheretheyneedtowork.(发现3-Asp毛虫毒液含有一种不寻常的蛋白质。当它到达细胞的外表面时，这种蛋白质会在细胞壁上打一个洞。通过研究这种性质，工程师们可以开发出药物输送方法，将药物输送到细胞中需要发挥作用的地方。)”可知，发现3可能会改善医生使用药物的方式。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Thisdiscoverymighthelpresearchersimproverelativetechnologiesinremotesensingandcommunications.(这一发现可能有助于研究人员改进遥感和通信方面的相关技术。)”、第三段中“Thediscoverycouldprovidewaysforpreventivetreatmentforcancerpatientsandthoselikelytodevelopbloodclots.(这一发现可能为癌症患者和那些可能形成血栓的人提供预防性治疗方法。)”、第四段中“Byresearchingsuchnature,engineerscoulddevelopmedicinedeliverywaystogetdrugs(药物)insidecellswheretheyneedtowork.(通过研究这种性质，工程师们可以开发出药物输送方法，将药物输送到细胞中需要发挥作用的地方。)”、最后一段中“Asascientistsays,weprobablyhavethesolutiontocancermedicineoutthereinnaturealready.(正如一位科学家所说，我们可能已经在自然界中找到了治疗癌症的药物。)”可知，这四个发现为新的想法或做事方式提供了灵感。故选A。BAsaboy,Iknewlittleaboutbaseball.YetIlaterbecamethefatheroftwoboys,WillandTim,whowerebothinterestedinbaseball.OnSaturdaymornings,I’dtakeWillouttotheplaygroundandplaycatchwithhim.Becauseofmyweakarm,theballoftendroppedbeforehecouldcatchit.Aftermanymisses,hesaidoneday,“HowamIevergoingtomakethemajorleagues(联盟)?”“Youhavethewrongdad,kid,”Ithought.Baseballisn’tmything.Still,Iwantedtogivemykidsconfidenceonthefield.TherewasanofficialLittleLeagueinourarea,butitwassuper-competitiveandonlycateredtoolderboys.Ireallyhopedwehadsomethinglesscompetitive,somethingthatwelcomedyoungerboysandgirls.Isharedtheideawithsomeneighbors.“Thatwouldbegreat!”theysaid.Nowwhocouldorganizesuchathing?Notme.Itriedtoputtheideaaside,butitwouldn’tleaveme.IfinallydecidedthatImustdosomethingaboutit.SoIcalledthecitygovernment,explainingthatsomefamilieswantedtostartabaseballleagueinourneighborhood.Werethereanyfieldsforthat?WhenIhadtospeaktotheofficialincharge,Igotbutterfliesinmystomach.Whatifhesaidno?“Yes,wehavetwofieldsforfourhourseverySundaymorning,”themansaidhearingmyrequest.Ourleaguewasfounded.Whatajoyitwastositonthebenches,watchingWillandTimplayingbaseball!AndIbecamethemostunlikelybaseballcommissioner(专员)ever.Manyyearshavepassed.NowWillandTimarenewdads,andIcan’twanttoseewhatthey’llhavetodo.Iknowbetterthananyone:Parenthoodcallsyoutodothemostunlikelythings.4.WhydidtheauthorthinkhissonWillhadthewrongfather?A.Hehadpoorbaseballskills. B.Hehadnoconfidenceinhisson.C.Hewouldn’tplaycatchwithhisson. D.Hedidn’tknowwhathisson’sdreamwas.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“cateredto”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Wontherespectof. B.Ensuredthesafetyof.C.Servedthepurposeof. D.Savedthetroubleof.6.Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelwhiletalkingtotheofficial?A.Confident. B.Peaceful. C.Nervous. D.Proud.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressinthetext?A.Theneedtochallengeoneself. B.Thegreatnessofparentallove.C.Theroleofsportsinkids’growth. D.Therelationshipbetweenparentsandkids.〖答案〗4.A5.C6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者不擅长棒球，但是儿子们喜欢棒球。作者不能陪儿子练球，威尔进不了联盟打球很失望，作者为了儿子建立了一个招收更小球员的联盟。【4题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Becauseofmyweakarm,theballoftendroppedbeforehecouldcatchit.Aftermanymisses,hesaidoneday,“HowamIevergoingtomakethemajorleagues(联盟)?”“Youhavethewrongdad,kid,”Ithought.Baseballisn’tmything.(因为我的胳膊弱，球经常在他接住之前就掉了下来。在多次失误之后，有一天他说：“我怎么才能进入大联盟呢？”“孩子，你找错爸爸了，”我想。棒球不是我的菜。)”可知，作者的棒球技术很差，所以作者认为他的儿子威尔有一个错误的父亲。故选A。【5题详析】词句猜测题。由文章第二段中“Ireallyhopedwehadsomethinglesscompetitive,somethingthatwelcomedyoungerboysandgirls.(我真的希望我们有一些竞争不那么激烈的东西，一些欢迎年轻男孩和女孩的东西。)”可知，这个少年棒球联盟只服务于大一点的男孩。划线词的含义是“服务于，适合”。A.Wontherespectof赢得了……的尊重；B.Ensuredthesafetyof确保……的安全；C.Servedthepurposeof为……服务；D.Savedthetroubleof省去了……的麻烦。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。由文章第三段中“WhenIhadtospeaktotheofficialincharge,Igotbutterfliesinmystomach.(当我不得不和主管官员说话时，我心里七上八下。)”可知，作者在与这位官员交谈时是焦虑的、担忧的。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Iknowbetterthananyone:Parenthoodcallsyoutodothemostunlikelythings.(我比任何人都清楚：为人父母需要你去做最不可能的事情。)”可知，作者想在文中强调父母之爱的伟大。故选B。CSteveDavies,a23-year-oldboarddesignerinWales,isdevelopingasurfboardmadefrommycelia(菌丝体)insteadofplastic.A2022reportshowedthatmorethan400,000boardsaremadeeachyear.Theglobalmarketforsurfboardsreached$2.2billionin2020andisexpectedtoreach$3.2billionby2027.Butabout80%ofboardsaremadefromplastic,whichcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Thiswillbeaseriousproblemfortheenvironmentasthemarketgrows.“Andevenwhenitdoesbreakdown,itcangointofish’secosystem(生态系统),whichmeansthathumanswillendupeatingthisplastic,”Daviessaid.Daviesmadehisfirstsurfboardin2020,buttheexperienceshowedhimmanyharmfulmaterialswereproducedinmakingeachboard.Duringhisfinalyearatuniversity,hestartedlookingintomyceliaandmakinghisbelovedsportmoreenvironment-friendly.“Myfamilyownsafarmwithhorses,soIwasquicklyabletocollectsubstratematerial(基料)intheformofhorsebedding,toallowthemyceliatogrowin,”Daviesexplained.“Thisgavemeanideatostartasurfboardbusiness—growingsurfboardsonafarmnearthebeachandusingwastematerialsfromthatverysamefarm,reducingthetransportofmaterials,andthereforereducingcarbon(碳)givenoutintotheenvironment.”“Intherightconditions,wewillgrowamyceliumboardinaround21days,”Daviessaid.“Thedreamwouldbetomakeitthenewstandard.Connectingwithnaturewouldbethenewdesignrulesandthatwouldbereallycool.We’reusingtheseaandweshouldgivebacktothesea.”8.WhatdothenumbersinParagraph2mainlyshow?A.Goingsurfingcostsalotofmoney. B.Surfingispopularwithyoungpeople.C.Designingsurfboardsisagoodbusiness. D.Makingeco-friendlysurfboardsisnecessary.9.WhydoesDaviesmention“fish’secosystem”?A.Toexplainarule. B.Topresentareason.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Toshareanexperience.10.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A.WhyDavieslovedtodesignsurfboards.B.WhatmadeDavies’surfboardbusinesspossible.C.WhyDavieswantedtostudymyceliaatuniversity.D.HowDaviescollectedsubstratematerialtomakesurfboards.11.WhatcanwelearnfromDavies’wordsinthelastparagraph?A.Hesupportsenvironment-friendlyproducts. B.Hehopestosucceedinsellingsurfboards.C.Helovestogetdesigningideasfromsea. D.Hedreamsofcreatingcoolersurfboards.〖答案〗8.D9.B10.B11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冲浪板设计师史蒂夫·戴维斯正在开发一种用菌丝体代替塑料制成的冲浪板。这种冲浪板既省钱又环保。【8题详析】推理判断题。由文章第二段中“A2022reportshowedthatmorethan400,000boardsaremadeeachyear.Theglobalmarketforsurfboardsreached$2.2billionin2020andisexpectedtoreach3.2billionby2027.Butabout80%ofboardsaremadefromplastic,whichcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Thiswillbeaseriousproblemfortheenvironmentasthemarketgrows.(2022年的一份报告显示，每年制造的电路板超过40万块。全球冲浪板市场达到了2美元。到2020年将达到20亿美元，预计将达到30亿美元。到2027年将达到20亿。但大约80%的木板是由塑料制成的，塑料需要数百年才能分解。随着市场的增长，这将成为一个严重的环境问题。)”可知，制作环保冲浪板是必要的。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。由文章第三段““Andevenwhenitdoesbreakdown,itcangointofish’secosystem(生态系统),whichmeansthathumanswillendupeatingthisplastic,”Daviessaid.(“即使它真的分解了，它也会进入鱼类的生态系统，这意味着人类最终会吃掉这种塑料，”戴维斯说。)”可知，戴维斯提到“鱼类的生态系统”是为了提出环保的理由。故选B。【10题详析】主旨大意题。由文章第五段中“Myfamilyownsafarmwithhorses,soIwasquicklyabletocollectsubstratematerial(基料)intheformofhorsebedding,toallowthemyceliatogrowin,”Daviesexplained.“Daviesexplained.“Thisgavemeanideatostartasurfboardbusiness—growingsurfboardsonafarmnearthebeachandusingwastematerialsfromthatverysamefarm,reducingthetransportofmaterials,andthereforereducingcarbon(碳)givenoutintotheenvironment.”(戴维斯解释道：“我家有一个养马的农场，所以我很快就能够以马床的形式收集基料，让菌丝生长在里面。“这给了我一个开始冲浪板生意的想法——在海滩附近的农场种植冲浪板，使用同一个农场的废料，减少材料的运输，从而减少排放到环境中的碳。”)”可知，戴维斯解释了什么使他的冲浪板生意成为可能。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中““Thedreamwouldbetomakeitthenewstandard.Connectingwithnaturewouldbethenewdesignrulesandthatwouldbereallycool.We’reusingtheseaandweshouldgivebacktothesea.”(我们的梦想是使它成为新的标准。与自然的联系将是新的设计规则，这将真的很酷。我们在利用海洋，我们应该回馈大海。”)”可知，从最后一段戴维斯的话中，了解到新的设计规则与自然联系，说明他支持环保产品。故选A。DWhilescientistshavemanyideas,theyarenotcertainwhyhumansyawn(打哈欠).Still,thereisonethingexpertsknow—yawnsseemtobecontagious(传染)!Haveyouevercaughtayawnfromsomeoneelse?Mostpeoplehave.Infact,apersonissixtimesmorelikelytoyawnafterseeingsomeoneelsedoso.Expertshavedonemanystudiesintowhyyawnsseemtopassfrompersontoperson.Asaresult,theyhaveafewtheories(理论)forthereasonbehindit.Onepossibleexplanationhassomethingtodowithsocialmirroring,whichiscausedbymirrorneurons(镜像神经元)inthebrain.Thesemirrorneuronshelpthebrainnoticeusefulbehaviorofothersandthencopyit.Whenonepersonseesanotheryawn,hismirrorneuronsobservetheactionandconsiderittobebeneficial.Thatmaycausehimtoyawn,too.Anotherpopulartheoryisthatyawnsarecontagiousbecauseofsocialrelationships.Beingsocialcreatures,humansformfriendships,familiesandlivetogetheringroups.That’swhymanypeoplemirrorothers,suchassmilingwhenanotherpersonsmiles.Yawningmaybejustanotherexampleofthis.Infact,researchhasshownthatoneismostlikelytocatchyawnsfromanotherpersonifthetwoshareasocialrelationship.Theanswercouldevenbethatyawnsaren’ttrulycontagiousatall.Instead,peopleyawntogethersimplybecausethey’reinthesameenvironment.Expertssaymanythingsmaycauseyawning,includingtemperatureandtimeofday.Whatevertheexplanationis,expertsdoknowthatcontagiousyawnsaren’tlimitedtohumans.OnestudyfoundthatlionsinSouthAfricaalsocaughteachother’syawns.12.Whatkindofbehaviormaybecopiedbymirrorneurons?A.Importantandattractive. B.Usefulandbeneficial.C.Hardtounderstand. D.Easytocopy.13.WhoseyawnsarepeoplemostlikelytocatchaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Thosewhoyawnalot. B.Thosewholikesmiling.C.Thosecloselyconnectedwiththem. D.Thosesharingthesameinterestwiththem.14.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Tipsonhowtoavoidyawninginpublic.B.Arealexplanationforcontagiousyawning.C.Otherexamplesofanimalsyawningtogether.D.Thingsthatmaycauseyawningamonghumans.15.Whichofthefollowingservesasthebesttitle?A.Whyyawnsarecontagious B.WhatcausespeopletoyawnC.Whoyawnsmorethanothers D.Whyhumansyawnnowandthen〖答案〗12.B13.C14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于打哈欠会传染的理论。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Onepossibleexplanationhassomethingtodowithsocialmirroring,whichiscausedbymirrorneuronsinthebrain.Thesemirrorneuronshelpthebrainnoticeusefulbehaviorofothersandthencopyit.Whenonepersonseesanotheryawn,hismirrorneuronsobservetheactionandconsiderittobebeneficial.Thatmaycausehimtoyawn,too.(一种可能的解释与社交镜像有关，社交镜像是由大脑中的镜像神经元引起的。这些镜像神经元帮助大脑注意到他人的有用行为，然后复制它。当一个人看到另一个人打哈欠时，他的镜像神经元会观察到这个动作，并认为这是有益的。这也可能导致他打哈欠)”可知，镜像神经元可以复制有用和有益的行为。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Anotherpopulartheoryisthatyawnsarecontagiousbecauseofsocialrelationships.Beingsocialcreatures,humansformfriendships,familiesandlivetogetheringroups.That’swhymanypeoplemirrorothers,suchassmilingwhenanotherpersonsmiles.Yawningmaybejustanotherexampleofthis.Infact,researchhasshownthatoneismostlikelytocatchyawnsfromanotherpersonifthetwoshareasocialrelationship.(另一个流行的理论是，打哈欠会因为社会关系而传染。作为社会生物，人类建立友谊、家庭，并以群体的形式生活在一起。这就是为什么很多人都会模仿别人，比如当别人微笑时微笑。打哈欠可能只是另一个例子。事实上，研究表明，如果一个人和另一个人有着共同的社会关系，那么他们最有可能被对方打哈欠)”可知，人们最容易被那些与他们关系密切的人的哈欠传染。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Expertssaymanythingsmaycauseyawning,includingtemperatureandtimeofday.Whatevertheexplanationis,expertsdoknowthatcontagiousyawnsaren’tlimitedtohumans.OnestudyfoundthatlionsinSouthAfricaalsocaughteachother’syawns.(专家表示，许多因素可能会导致打哈欠，包括温度和一天中的时间。无论解释是什么，专家们都知道传染性哈欠并不局限于人类。一项研究发现，南非的狮子也会互相打哈欠)”可推知，在接下来的段落中，作者可能会继续谈论其他动物一起打哈欠的例子。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第一段“Whilescientistshavemanyideas,theyarenotcertainwhyhumansyawn.Still,thereisonethingexpertsknow—yawnsseemtobecontagious!(虽然科学家们有很多想法，但他们不确定人类为什么会打哈欠。尽管如此，专家们还是知道一件事——打哈欠似乎会传染！)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些关于打哈欠会传染的理论，故A项“为什么打哈欠会传染”适合作为文章的标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonebenefitsfromexercise,nomattertheirage,sexorphysicalability.Hereareafewwaysthatexercisecanleadtoahappier,healthieryou.Exercisecontrolsweight.Whenyoutakepartinphysicalactivity,youburncalories.Regulartripstothegymaregreat,butdon’tworryifyoucan’tfindlotsoftimetoexerciseeveryday.___16___Justgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday.Forexample,takethestairsinsteadoftheelevator.Worriedaboutheartdiseases?Expectingtopreventhighbloodpressure?___17___Beingactiveincreasesthe“good”cholesterol(胆固醇)anddecreasesunhealthytriglycerides(甘油三酯).Thiskeepsyourbloodflowingsmoothly,reducingyourriskofsufferingfromheartandblooddiseases.Needinganemotionallift?___18___Avisittothegymorabriefwalkcanhelp.Physicalactivitystimulates(刺激)manybrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedandlessanxious.Strugglingtofallintosleep?Regularphysicalactivitycanhelpyoufallasleepfaster,getbettersleepanddeepenyoursleep.___19___Oryoumaybetooenergizedtogotosleep.___20___Theygiveyouachancetoenjoytheoutdoorsorsimplydoactivitiesthatmakeyouhappy.Physicalactivitycanalsohelpyouconnectwithfamilyorfriendsinafunsocialsetting.Findaphysicalactivityyouenjoy,andjustdoit.Bored?Trysomethingnew,ordosomethingwithfriendsorfamily.A.Justexercise.B.Justdon’texercisetooclosetobedtime.C.Anyamountofactivityisbetterthannone.D.Hopingtolowerstressafterastressfulday?E.Benefitsofregularexercisearehardtoforget.F.Exerciseandphysicalactivitycanbefunandsocial!G.Feelingtiredaftergroceryshoppingordoinghousework?〖答案〗16.C17.A18.D19.B20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些可以让你更快乐、更健康的锻炼方法。【16题详析】由上文“Regulartripstothegymaregreat,butdon’tworryifyoucan’tfindlotsoftimetoexerciseeveryday.(定期去健身房是很好的，但如果你每天找不到足够的时间锻炼，也不要担心。)”和后文“Justgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday.Forexample,takethestairsinsteadoftheelevator.(每天都要多活动。例如，走楼梯而不是乘电梯。)”可知，本空要说跟“少量的活动比不活动好”有关的话题，故C选项“Anyamountofactivityisbetterthannone.(任何程度的活动都比没有好。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。【17题详析】由上文“Worriedaboutheartdiseases?Expectingtopreventhighbloodpressure?(担心心脏病吗？想要预防高血压？)”可知，本空要说解决这些问题的方法，故A选项“Justexercise.(锻炼吧)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。

【18题详析】由上文“Needinganemotionallift?(需要情绪提升吗？)”可知，本空要说跟“锻炼和情绪关系”有关的话题，由后文“Physicalactivitystimulatesmanybrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedandlessanxious.(体育活动会刺激大脑中的许多化学物质，让你感觉更快乐、更放松、更少焦虑。)”可知，锻炼让你感觉更快乐、更放松、更少焦虑，故D选项“Hopingtolowerstressafterastressfulday?(希望在紧张的一天后减轻压力？)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。【19题详析】由上文“Strugglingtofallintosleep?Regularphysicalactivitycanhelpyoufallasleepfaster,getbettersleepanddeepenyoursleep.(挣扎着入睡？有规律的体育锻炼可以帮助你更快入睡，获得更好的睡眠，加深你的睡眠。)”可知，本空要说跟“锻炼和睡眠”有关的话题，故B选项“Justdon’texercisetooclosetobedtime.(只是不要在临睡前锻炼。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。【20题详析】由下文“Theygiveyouachancetoenjoytheoutdoorsorsimplydoactivitiesthatmakeyouhappy.Physicalactivitycanalsohelpyouconnectwithfamilyorfriendsinafunsocialsetting.Findaphysicalactivityyouenjoy,andjustdoit.Bored?Trysomethingnew,ordosomethingwithfriendsorfamily.(它们给你一个享受户外活动的机会，或者只是做一些让你快乐的活动。体育活动还可以帮助你在一个有趣的社交环境中与家人或朋友联系。找一项你喜欢的体育活动，然后去做。无聊？尝试一些新的东西，或者和朋友或家人一起做一些事情。)”可知，锻炼让人快乐，又增进人际关系，故F选项“Exerciseandphysicalactivitycanbefunandsocial!(锻炼和体育活动既有趣又社交！)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasNovember.Theskywasgraywithdarkcloudsandafreezingrain.Mymood___21___theday.ThanksgivingwascomingsoonandthenChristmasbutafterthatwasalong,dark,coldwinterandIwasn’t___22___it.TheolderIgot,thelessitseemedI___23___thewintermonths.WhenIwasaboy,theymeant___24___inthesnow,makingsnowmen,havingsnowballfights,andthensittingwithmydogbythe___25___andreadingmyfavoritebooks.Nowtheyjust___26___watchingthedaysgetshorter,drivingonslippyroads,andfeelingthecoldwindbitemyfaceeverytimeIwentoutside.Ilayonmybed,hopingIcouldsleepunderthecoversuntil___27___.Justthenmylittledogclimbedontomy___28___andlookedatmewithherbig,weteyes.Sheappearedsosadandmiserable.“IsthathowI___29___rightnow?”Ithought,knowingthatsheoften___30___mymoods.Ismiledandpattedheruntilshesmiledtoo.Ifeelgratefulforhavingthisloving,littledog.She___31___methatthewholeworldaroundusisourmirror.Wecaneitherbeareflectionof___32___ordarkness.Wecaneithergivetheworldkindnessandjoyorfearand___33___.Lifetrulyiswhatwe___34___itandwecanreflectourwarmth,loveandlighteveninwinter’s___35___days.21.A.counted B.admired C.matched D.rescued22.A.lookingforwardto B.keepingupwith C.takingnoticeof D.gettingalongwith23.A.achieved B.remembered C.needed D.liked24.A.playing B.training C.performing D.driving25.A.roadside B.tree C.river D.fire26.A.enjoyed B.meant C.advised D.regretted27.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter28.A.stage B.desk C.bed D.chair29.A.sound B.look C.smell D.taste30.A.demanded B.forgot C.mirroredD.delivered31.A.reminds B.suggests C.warns D.promises32.A.peace B.light C.silence D.patience33.A.doubt B.surprise C.shame D.anger34.A.have B.use C.take D.make35.A.happiest B.simplest C.darkest D.busiest〖答案〗21.C22.A23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.C29.B30.C31.A32.B33.D34.D35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过自己和狗狗的在一个冬天的经历，体会到生活真的是我们自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的温暖、爱和光明。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心情与这一天相匹配。A.counted数；B.admired钦佩；C.matched匹配；D.rescued营救。根据前文的“ItwasNovember.Theskywasgraywithdarkcloudsandafreezingrain.”和后文“ThanksgivingwascomingsoonandthenChristmasbutafterthatwasalong,dark,coldwinter”可知，作者心情不好，所以觉得自己的心情与这一天相匹配。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：感恩节很快就要到了，然后是圣诞节，但那之后是一个漫长、黑暗、寒冷的冬天，我一点也不期待。A.lookingforwardto期待；B.keepingupwith跟上；C.takingnoticeof注意；D.gettingalongwith进展。根据前文的“ThanksgivingwascomingsoonandthenChristmasbutafterthatwasalong,dark,coldwinter”可知，作者不喜欢冬天，所以一点也不期待。故选A项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我似乎越来越不需要冬天。A.achieved获得；B.remembered记住；C.needed需要；D.liked喜欢。根据后文的“WhenIwasaboy,theymeantinthesnow,makingsnowmen,havingsnowballfights,andthensittingwithmydogbytheandreadingmyfavoritebooks.Nowtheyjustwatchingthedaysgetshorter,drivingonslippyroads,andfeelingthecoldwindbitemyfaceeverytimeIwentoutside.”可知，当作者还是个小男孩的时候，它们意味着在雪地里玩，现在它们只意味着看着白天变得越来越短，在滑溜溜的路上开车，每次出门都感觉寒风刺骨，也就是现在意味着无聊的生活。所以作者似乎越来越不需要冬天。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，它们意味着在雪地里玩，堆雪人，打雪仗，然后和我的狗坐在火边，读我最喜欢的书。A.playing玩耍；B.training训练；C.performing执行；D.driving驱动。根据后文的“inthesnow,makingsnowmen,havingsnowballfights”可知，当作者还是个小男孩的时候，会在雪地里玩。故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，它们意味着在雪地里玩，堆雪人，打雪仗，然后和我的狗坐在火边，读我最喜欢的书。A.roadside路边；B.tree树；C.river河；D.fire火。根据前文的“sittingwithmydogbythe”可知，冬天，作者和自己的狗坐在火边，读最喜欢的书。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，它们只意味着看着白天变得越来越短，在滑溜溜的路上开车，每次出门都感觉寒风刺骨。A.enjoyed喜欢；B.meant意味着；C.advised建议；D.regretted后悔。根据前文的“WhenIwasaboy,theymeantinthesnow”、“Nowtheyjust”和后文“watchingthedaysgetshorter,drivingonslippyroads,andfeelingthecoldwindbitemyfaceeverytimeIwentoutside.”可知，当作者还是个小男孩的时候，它们意味着在雪地里玩，现在它们只意味着看着白天变得越来越短，在滑溜溜的路上开车，每次出门都感觉寒风刺骨，也就是现在意味着无聊的生活。故选B项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我躺在床上，希望能盖上被子一直睡到春天。A.spring春天；B.summer夏天；C.autumn秋天；D.winter冬天。根据前文的“Nowtheyjust6watchingthedaysgetshorter,drivingonslippyroads,andfeelingthecoldwindbitemyfaceeverytimeIwentoutside.”和“Ilayonmybed,hopingIcouldsleepunderthecoversuntil”可知，作者不喜欢冬天，所以希望躺在床上，希望能盖上被子一直睡到春天。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我的小狗爬上了我的床，用她湿漉漉的大眼睛看着我。A.stage舞台；B.desk桌子；C.bed床；D.chair椅子。根据前文的“Ilayonmybed”可知，作者躺在床上，小狗爬上了作者的床。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在就看起来像这个样子吗？A.sound听起来；B.look看起来好像；C.smell闻起来；D.taste尝起来。根据前文的“Ilayonmybed,hopingIcouldsleepunderthecoversuntil”、“Sheappearedsosadandmiserable”和后文“knowingthatsheoftenmymoods.Ismiledandpattedheruntilshesmiledtoo.”可知，狗狗经常反映作者的心情，作者也情绪低落，看到狗狗的样子，觉得自己可能看起来也是这样的。故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道她经常反映我的心情，“我现在就是这个样子吗？”，我想。A.demanded要求；B.forgot忘记；C.mirrored反射，反映；D.delivered交付。根据后文的“Ismiledandpattedheruntilshesmiledtoo.”可知，作者知道狗狗经常反映作者的心情，所以后文才努力装作高兴，以便让狗狗高兴起来。故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她提醒我，我们周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。A.reminds提醒；B.suggests建议；C.warns警告；D.promises承诺。根据前文的“knowingthatsheoftenmymoods.Ismiledandpattedheruntilshesmiledtoo.”和后文“methatthewholeworldaroundusisourmirror”可知，作者知道狗狗经常反映作者的心情，所以狗狗提醒作者我们周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。故选A项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以是光明的反射，也可以是黑暗的反射。A.peace和平；B.light光明；C.silence沉默；D.patience耐心。根据后文的“ordarkness”和“wecanreflectourwarmth,loveandlight”可知，本空与darkness相对。故选B项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以给世界善良和欢乐，也可以给世界恐惧和愤怒。A.doubt怀疑；B.surprise惊喜；C.shame羞耻；D.anger愤怒。根据前文的“Wecaneithergivetheworldkindnessandjoyorfear”可知，本空与fear意思相近，与积极的情绪kindnessandjoy相反。故选D项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活真的是我们自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的温暖、爱和光明。A.have有；B.use使用；C.take拿；D.make创造。根据前文的“Wecaneithergivetheworldkindnessandjoyorfearand.Lifetrulyiswhatwe”可知，生活真的是我们自己创造的。故选D项。【35题详析】考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：生活真的是我们自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的温暖、爱和光明。A.happiest最幸福的；B.simplest最简单的；C.darkest最黑暗的；D.busiest最忙碌的。根据前文的“wecanreflectourwarmth,loveandlighteveninwinter’s”可知，我们能反映出我们的温暖、爱和光明，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Plantloversbelievethattalkingtoplantshelpsthemgrow.Scientistshavediscoveredtherecouldbereal___36___(true)inthisbelief.Researchershavediscoveredthatplantsgiveoffsoundswhentheyarestressed.Thesoundsarequitesimilar___37___ahumancry.Unfortunately,plantsoundsareattoohighafrequencyforthehumanear___38___(pick)up.Humanscanonlyhearfrequenciesofupto16kilohertz(赫兹).UsingspecialAltechnology,scientistscannowpickupsounds___39___(send)outbyplantsthatareupto250kilohertz.TheAlcanalsotelldifferencesbetweendifferenttypesofplantsounds.Theresearch___40___(do)inagreenhouseatIsrael’sTelAviyUniversity.LeadresearcherProfessorLilachHadanysaid:“Plantsusuallygiveoffsoundswhenthey___41___(be)understress.Eachplantandeachtypeofstressisconnectedwith___42___specificsound.”Shesuggestedthatcropfieldscouldbequite___43___(noise),saying“