高考英语创新大一轮译林版学案模块九Unit1~2

Ⅰ.单词一、核心单词1.freezingadj.极冷的，冰冻的adv.极冷地2.rankvi.&vt.将……归为某个等级；排列n.等级；军衔3.historicadj.有历史意义的4.contentadj.满意，满足，甘愿5.owevt.归因于，归功于；欠……债6.affairn.风流韵事；公共事务；事件7.sentencevt.判刑n.判决，宣判8.stressvt.强调；重读n.强调；重读，重音；压力9.absolute__adj.绝对的，完全的10pulsoryadj.强制的；义务的二、阅读单词1.apparentadj.明显的，显而易见的2.registervt.&vi.登记，注册n.登记表，注册簿3.bordern.国界，边界；边疆4.recreationn.娱乐，消遣5.dynamicadj.充满活力的；动态的6.occasionn.场合7.clumsyadj.无技巧的，笨拙的8.steadyadj.稳步的9.heritagen.遗产10.fragrantadj.芬芳的，芳香的三、拓展单词1.originallyadv.原来；起初→originn.起源；由来；起因→originaladj.原始的；最初的2.decorationn.装饰品；装潢→decoratevt.装饰→decorativeadj.装饰的3.inspirationn.灵感；启发灵感的人(或事物)→inspirevt.鼓舞；激发；启示→inspiredadj.受到鼓舞的；有灵感的→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的4.settlementn.定居点；定居；(问题的)解决→settlev.定居；停留；(使)平静→settlern.移民5.merryadj.欢乐的，愉快的→merrilyadv.欢乐地，愉快地6.immigrationn.移民，移居→immigratev.(为定居而从外国)移入7.equipvt.装备，配备→equipmentn.装备，设备，用具8.thrilln.兴奋，激动vt.使非常兴奋、激动→thrilledadj.非常激动的，兴奋的→thrillingadj.令人激动的→thrillern.惊险小说，惊险电影9.consideringprep.&conj.考虑到，鉴于→considerv.考虑，认为→considerableadj.相当大的，相当多的→considerateadj.关心的，体贴的→considerationn.考虑10.associatevt.联想，联系adj.非正式的，副职的→associationn.联系11.appointvt.任命，委任；指定(时间、地点)→appointmentn.任命；约会12.assistancen.帮助，援助→assistv.帮助，援助→assistantn.助手，副手Ⅱ.短语/词块1.in__addition__to除……之外，还2.be__home__to(动物或植物的)产地，生长(栖息)地3.on__top__of除……外4.little__more__than只是……而已，仅仅5.be__recognized__as被公认为6.cause__damage__to给……带来破坏7.be__charged__with被指控犯有……罪8.sentence__sb__to__death判处某人死刑9.on__behalf__of__sb代表某人，代替某人10.in__terms__of在……方面，从……方面来说11.be__equal__to和……匹敌12.beshapedlike形状像13.consistof由……组成14.seekone’sfortune外出寻找(成功或发财)机会15.averagewintertemperatures冬季的平均气温16.intheheartofToronto在多伦多的中心17.undertakeimportantwork从事重要的工作18.ahandfulofpeople几个人19.ahighpercentageofAustralians多数澳大利亚人20.alongdistancerace长距离比赛21.makeadvantagesinvariousfields在不同的领域取得进步22.coveranareaofmorethan20acres占地20多英亩Ⅲ.句式一、补全句子1.Montreal，aportintheprovinceofQuebec，isthesecondlargestcityinCanada，andalsothesecondlargestFrench－speakingcityintheworld，Paris__being__the__largest.港口城市蒙特利尔位于魁北克省境内，是加拿大第二大城市，也是世界上第二大法语城市，最大的法语城市是巴黎。2.Itislikeanundergroundcity，covering__an__area__of__more__than__20__acres.它就像一个地下的城市，占地面积20多英亩。3.At__the__upper__end__of__the__Sacred__Way__is__Changling，thelargestoftheMingTombs.在圣道的顶端是长陵，明朝最大的陵墓。二、分析长难句1.Canadahasvastareasofwilderness，fromtheArcticnorthwhereaveragewintertemperaturesareusuallyminus20degreescentigrade，tothe8892－kilometre－longborderwiththeUSAinthesouth，whichissaidtobethelongestborderintheworldnotdefendedbyanarmyorthepolice.【分析】本句是一个复合句，where和which都引导定语从句。【翻译】加拿大有辽阔的荒原，北起北极寒地——那里的冬季平均气温通常是零下20摄氏度，南与美国相邻——边境线长达8__892千米，据称是世界上最长的没有军队或警察设防的边境线。2.Thewaterfalls，thelargestofwhichisshapedlikeasemicircle，are670metreswide，andfall56metresinanawesomewhitesheetofwater.【分析】本句是一个复合句，thelargestofwhich引导定语从句。【翻译】尼亚加拉瀑布群宽670米，白色水幕飞流直下56米，令人叹为观止，其中最大的瀑布形似一个半圆。3.Thelastmajordamageofthiskindoccurredwiththetheftofmanyofthebestsculpturesin1801，whenanEnglishman，LoadElgin，cutthemoffthefaceoftheParthenon，andtookthemtoLondon.【分析】本句是一个复合句，when引导定语从句，介词短语withthetheftof...表示伴随状况。【翻译】最后一次此类重大破坏发生在1801年，许多最精美的雕塑遭窃。当时英国人埃尔金勋爵把这些雕塑从帕台农神庙的建筑表层切割下来，带到伦敦。1.owevt.归因于；归功于……；欠……债(1)owesbanapology该向某人道歉owesbafavour欠某人一个人情owesbsth＝owesthtosb欠某人某物owe...to...把……归功于……(2)owingto因为；由于①Manypeopleowetheirloveofsporttotheperfectweatherconditionsforit.(教材原句)许多人把他们对体育运动的热爱归功于适合体育运动的绝好的气候条件。②Marywilltakecareofthebaby—sheowes__me__a__favour.玛丽会照看孩子的——她欠我一个人情。③Iowe__ittothedoctorthatIamstillalive.我仍然活着，这要归功于那位医生。④Owing__to__lack__of__experience，Ididn’tdotheworkwell.由于缺乏经验，我没有把工作做好。[名师指津]表示“因为，由于”的介词短语还有：①becauseof②onaccountof③dueto④thanksto⑤asaresultof2.equipvt.装备，配备(1)equip...with...用……装备……equip...forsth/todosth为了……而装备……beequippedfor/todosth为……装备好；做好准备(2)equipmentn.[U]设备，设施①Itisoftensaidthathumanbeingsarenaturallyequipped__to__speak(speak).人们常说，人天生具有说话的能力。②Thecourseisdesignedtoequipstudents__foracareerinnursing.此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。③Heisequippedwithmuchexperienceinteaching.他具有丰富的教学经验。④Mymotherboughtausefulpieceofequipment(equip)forthekitchenyesterday.昨天，妈妈买了一件有用的厨房设备。3.associatevt.联想；联系adj.非正式的；副职的(1)associate...with...把……和……联系在一起；由……联想到……associatewithsb与某人交往或常打交道beassociatedwith...和……有关(2)associationn.协会；联系inassociationwith...与……合伙/合作①Ialwaysassociatethesmellofbakingwithmychildhood.一闻到烘烤食物的味道我就想起了童年。②Thefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeople.交朋友的第一步就是要跟他人联系。③Weareworkingin__association__withalocalpanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.我们正在联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。[名师指津]“把……与……连接/联系”的短语还有：①connect...with...②link...with/to...③relate...to...4.appointvt.任命；委派；安排，指定(时间、地点)(1)appointsbtoapost派某人任某职appointsb(as/tobe)...任命某人为……appointsbtodosth委派某人做某事appointatime/placeforsth/todosth确定时间/地点做某事(2)appointmentn.约会；任命，委派make/haveanappointmentwithsb与某人约会①Theyappointedhimas/to__becaptainoftheEnglishteam.他们任命他为英格兰队队长。②Weareconsideringappointinghimto__act(act)assecretary.我们在考虑指定他当秘书。③I’dlovetogotherewithyou，butIhaveanappointmentwithmylawyer.我很想和你一起去那里，但我要约见我的律师。5.stressvt.强调；重读n.强调；重读，重音；压力(1)lay/put/placestresson强调，着重于understress在压力之下underthestressof为……所迫；在……压力之下Itmustbestressedthat...必须着重指出……(2)stressfuladj.有压力的①Heisunder__stressbecausehehastoomuchworktodo.工作太多，他感到压力很大。②Fatheralwaysputsalotofstressongoodtablemanners.父亲一向非常强调要有好的餐桌礼仪。③Thelifeofahighschoolstudentisusuallyactive，excitingandfulloffun，butitcanbestressful(stress)sometimes.高中学生的生活通常是积极的、令人激动的，同时也充满了快乐，但有时候可能有压力。6.seekone’sfortune找出路，碰运气(1)fortunen.[U]运气，命运[C]大笔的钱makeafortune发财，赚大钱havethegoodfortunetodosth有幸能做某事leaveafortunetosb留给某人一笔遗产(2)fortunateadj.幸运的fortunatelyadv.幸运地①YoumayaswellgotoShanghaitoseek__your__fortune.你不妨去上海碰碰运气。②Whenhewasyoung，hewoulddreamofmaking__a__fortune.当他年轻时，他总是梦想着发财。③Herfather__left__a__fortune__to__herfiveyearsago.五年前，她父亲留给她了一笔遗产。7.onbehalfof代表……一方；作为……的代言人onbehalfofsb＝onone’sbehalf代表某人；为了某人；为了帮助某人①I’mgladtotellyousomethingabouttheseactivitieson__behalf__of__our__school.我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关这些活动的一些事情。②Myfathercannotbehere，butIwanttothankyou__on__his__behalf.我父亲不能前来，我代表他向你们致谢。[易混辨析]represent，onbehalfof，standforrepresent用来表示“代表某人/某个团体/政府等”“某种标志代表什么”“某物(书、雕塑等)表现的是什么”和“把某人/物描绘成什么”onbehalfof只能用作状语，表示“代表/代替某人”standfor往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表/象征什么”选用上述词语填空③Heacceptedtheinvitationon__behalf__ofthewholeclass.④TheletterAcanstand__forseveralsoundsinEnglish.⑤Hewaschosentorepresentourschoolatthemeeting.8.intermsof就……而言；从……角度etotermswithsb与某人和解；妥协；让步beongood/badtermswith与……关系很好(坏)inthelong/shortterm从长远/眼前来看onequalterms在平等的条件下①In__terms__ofbusiness，theyareon__good__termswhilein__terms__offriendship，theyareon__bad__terms.就生意方面来说，他们相处得很好；然而从友谊角度来说，他们关系却不好。②Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironmentin__the__long__term.从长远来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。9.Montreal，aportintheprovinceofQuebec，isthesecondlargestcityinCanada，andalsothesecondlargestFrench－speakingcityintheworld，Paris__being__the__largest.港口城市蒙特利尔位于魁北克省境内，是加拿大第二大城市，也是世界上第二大法语城市，最大的法语城市是巴黎。句中Parisbeingthelargest是独立主格结构，表示补充说明，Paris是分词短语beingthelargest的逻辑主语。独立主格结构的用法如下：(1)构成：名词/主格代词＋分词/不定式/介词短语/形容词/副词(2)功能：作时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等状语，通常可转换成状语从句(3)特征：意义上相当于一个句子，但就结构而言并非如此(无谓语)①Allthestudentshaving__sat(sit)down，thelecturebegan.所有学生坐好之后，讲座开始了。②Suchanablemanto__help(help)you，youwillsurelysucceedsoonerorlater.有这么能干的人来帮你，你迟早一定会成功的。③Thenewteachercamein，a__smile__on__her__face.新老师面带微笑走了进来。10.At__the__upper__end__of__the__Sacred__Way__is__Changling，thelargestoftheMingTombs.在圣道的顶端是长陵，明朝最大的陵墓。本句为倒装句，其结构为“介词短语＋连系动词＋主语”。正常语序为：Changling，thelargestoftheMingTombs，isattheupperendoftheSacredWay。常见的引起全部倒装的情形：(1)表示时间、地点、方位等的副词或介词短语，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，onthewall，underthetree等置于句首，且主语是名词时。①In__front__of__the__house__standsamanandliesadog.房子前站着一个人，躺着一条狗。(2)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时。②Such__arethemostpowerfulvoicesofourtimes!这些就是我们时代的最强音！(3)为平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密，常将作表语的形容词、副词、分词或介词短语提到句首，引起全部倒装。③Buried(bury)intheearthwasajarwithlotsofancientcoinsinit.埋在泥土里的是一个装满古币的坛子。[名师指津]当主语为人称代词时，句子不倒装。④—Look!Hereesthetaxi.—Here__it__es.——看！出租车来了。——它(车)确实来了。[课下作业]Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Approximatelyonemillionpeoplelefttheirhomesandtravelledwestwardstoseektheirfortune(财富)intheGoldRush.2.WatchingDVDisaformofrecreation(消遣)，whichispopularamongyoungpeople.3.It’sfreezing(极冷的)here.We’dbetterebackhomeassoonaspossible.4.Shetoldmenottoassociate(联系)withTombutIdidnotlistentoher.5.Hissalaryhasbeenraised20%againafterthecurrentwageassessment(评估).6.Therehasbeenasteady(稳定的)decreaseinpopulationinthiscity.7.Itwassobeautifulaplacethatittookmybreathaway.So，asaphotographer(摄影师)youwouldhaveenjoyedtheopportunitytoseethisplace.8.Agreencardgivesyouofficialimmigration(移民)statusintheUnitedStates.9.Thesolutiontotheheavytrafficproblemisapparent(明显的).Weshouldreducethenumberofvehicles.10.Alltheguestsshouldregister(登记)atthereceptiondeskbeforeenteringthehall.11.Considering(考虑到)Australia’srelativelysmallpopulation，itsoutstandingperformanceintheOlympicGameswasamazing.12.TheLongMarchisconsideredtobeahistoric(历史的)eventinthehistoryofChinaaswellastheworld.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Thisregionishometomanyspeciesofwildflower.2.Iwaslateingettingtothestation.Butfortunately(fortune)forme，thetrainwaslate，too.3.IwonderedifIcouldhaveanappointment(appoint)withthedoctorthefollowingday.4.ItissaidthatthebookwaspublishedinassociationwithBritishHeritage.5.Pleaseequipyourselfwithasharppencilandarubberfortheexam.6.Owingtohisabsence，wehadtoputofftheclassmeetingtillnextweek.7.WhenIwasachild，Motherlaidgreatstressonmyproperbehaviour.8.Onbehalfofmyclassmate，Iacceptyoursuggestion.9.Thetestfinished(finish)，we’llhaveoursummerholiday.10.Wehadourfurnituremovedtothenewhousewhenthedecoration(decorate)ofthehouseisfinished.11.AmericawasrecognizedasanindependentcountrythenbytheBritish.12.Thosewhoarecontentwith__theirpresentsituationswillsurelymakenodifferenceinlife.Ⅲ.完成句子1.Heowes__his__success__tohardworkandpractice.他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。2.Wehave__not__yet__appointed__a__time__forthenextmeeting.我们还没安排下次会议时间。3.Ifeelsurethatin__terms__of__ability__and__experience，youareabsolutelysuitedtotheposition.我确信从能力和经验的角度来说，你绝对适合这个职位。4.Nowmanyvillagersgotothebigcitiestotry__their__fortune.现在很多村民去大城市碰运气。5.Inthechildren’smindssummeris__associated__withpicnics.在孩子的意识里，夏天是和野餐联系在一起的。6.By__the__window__satayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.窗户边坐着一位年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。Ⅳ.阅读理解A“Hungary？”Ilookedatmyschoolheadmasterinconfusion.“InevermentionedwantingtogotoHungary.”Andwiththat，myadventurestarted.MynameisJonathanDiamondandIjustfinishedanamazingschoolexchangeyearinHungary.Goingonanexchangehadalwaysbeenmydream.Whenmyhighschoolofferedanall－yearprogram，Ijumpedattheopportunity.ItwouldpayforalmosteverythingandallIhadtodowasbuyaplaneticket.IknewwhereIwantedtogo:Spain，thecountryofdancerswearingflowingreddresses.SowhenIheardthatIwasgoingtoHungary，Iwasprettyshocked.ButIdecidedtomakethebestofit，sinceitwas，afterall，aonce－in－a－lifetimeopportunity.BeforeIknewit，Iwasontheairplane，leavingforBudapestFerencLisztInternationalAirport，Hungary.IhaddifficulttimeswhenIalmostgaveup.Hungarianisthehardestlanguageontheplanet.Culturaldifferencesoccasionallyembarrassedbothmypeersandme.Ihadtogiveupeatingcarrots，mybeautifulfavorite，forHungariansthinkcarrotsarerubbishintheircountry.Thechangeinthelandscapewasamazing，lookingnothinglikeskyscrapers，bullettrains，cars，andpeopleintinyhousesthatIhadbeenaccustomedto.Gradually，Ifellinlovewiththerelaxinglifestyle，thewarm－heartedpeople，andgettinghomeat2：30p.m.atthelatestfromschool.AndIwassadtoleaveonmyverylastday.HavingthehostfamilywhotookmeasoneoftheirownmemberswasthebestthingI’veeverexperienced.Frommylittlesisters，Ilearnedhowtoembracelifetoitsfullest.FrommybrothersIlearnedthatit’sOKforaboytorunaroundthehouse.FrommyhostparentsIlearnedtostaypositive，tosmileandthatwhenyoupicktherightpeopleandtaketheirhands，suddenly，youbeefriends.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为一个交换生在国外学习的经历和感受。1.HowdidJonathanfeelwhenhewastoldtogotoHungary?A.Excitedandsatisfied.B.Confusedandshocked.C.Amazedandembarrassed.D.Delightedandinterested.答案B[细节理解题。根据首段中的“Ilookedatmyschoolheadmasterinconfusion.”可知，作者听到这个消息很迷惑；再结合第三段中的“SowhenIheardthatIwasgoingtoHungary，Iwasprettyshocked.”可知，选项B正确。]2.WhydidJonathanstilldecidetogotoHungaryinsteadofSpain?A.Hedidn’tlikeSpain.B.HewantedtolearnHungarian.C.Itwasararechance.D.GoingtoHungarywasmuchcheaper.答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ButIdecidedtomakethebestofit，sinceitwas，afterall，aonce－in－a－lifetimeopportunity.”可知，作者决定充分利用这次机会，因为毕竟这是一次千载难逢的机会，所以选项C正确。ararechance“一次罕见的机会”。]3.WhatcanwelearnaboutJonathanduringhisstayinHungary?A.Hefellinlovewitheatingcarrots.B.Hecouldn’twaittoleave.C.Hewassurprisedbythelandscape.D.Hequicklygotusedtothelifethere.答案C[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thechangeinthelandscapewasamazing”可知选项C正确。]4.AccordingtoJonathan，thehostfamily________.A.changedhimpletelyB.taughthimhowtodancewellC.treatedhimasequallyasastudentD.showedhimthegoodthingsoflife答案D[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者从寄宿家庭那里学到了很多人生哲学，他们向作者展现了生活中美好的事情，故选项D正确。]BPatientsintheearlystagesofAlzheimer’sdiseaseoftenstruggletorememberrecentlylearnedinformation，meaningtheyforgetthingslikeimportantappointmentsorwheretheylefttheirkeys.Butitseemsthatthesememoriesarenotlost.Theyarestillfiledawayinthebrainsomewhere;theyjustcan’tbeeasilyaccessed.Now，researchersatMIThavedevelopedameansofgettingbackmemoriesinmicesufferingfromAlzheimer’s.Themethodreliesonatechniquethatuseslighttocontrolgeneticallymodifiedneurons(转基因神经元).Currentlyitistooearlytobeusedinhumantrialsasitinvolvesinsertinglightemitting(发光)equipmentintothesubjects’brains，butthesameprinciplesstillapply，theresearcherssaid.“Theimportantpointisthatthisisevidenceoftheconcept.Thatis，evenifamemoryseemstobegone，itisstillthere.It’samatterofhowtogetitback，”saidtheseniorresearcherSusumuTonegawa.Theteamtooktwogroupsofmice,onegeneticallyengineeredtodevelopAlzheimer’sandonehealthy.Theythenplacedthemintoaroomandgavethemamildelectricshock.Allofthemiceshowedfearwhenputbackinanhourlater.Whenplacedintheroomathirdtimeseveraldayslater，theAlzheimer’smiceactednormally.Theyhadforgottentheshock.Theresearcherswerethenabletobringbackthememoryoftheshockbyactivating(激活)