2024年高考英语快乐ABCD剖析高考真题阅读基础：解析2023年全国甲卷素材

2023年全国甲卷高考英语真题卷ABCD阅读理解篇基础知识点总结（A）WheretoEatinBangkokBangkokisahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers.Ithasaseeminglybottomlesswellofdiningoptions.HerearesomesuggestionsonwheretostartyourBangkokeatingadventure.NahmOfferingThaifinedining.NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary(烹饪的)experiences.It’stheonlyThairestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheworld’s50bestrestaurantslist.HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLondon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010.IssayaSiameseClubIssayaSiameseClubisinternationallyknownThaichefIanKittichai’sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisinecombinedwithmoderncookingmethods.Bo.lanBo.lanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok’sculinaryscenesinceitopenedin2009.Servinghard-to-findThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine’sroots,yetstillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandle-litdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungry,there’salargesetmenu.GagganEarningfirstplaceonthelatest“Asia’s50bestrestaurants”list,progressiveIndianrestaurantGagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues(场所)toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheateratitsbest.【任务一：重点单词学习】1.Culinary-音标:/ˈkʌlɪnəri/-详细释义:烹饪的，与烹饪相关的-词组搭配:1.culinaryskills（烹饪技巧）2.culinaryarts（烹饪艺术）-派生词:cuisine（烹饪，烹调风格）2.Flagship-音标:/ˈflæɡ.ʃɪp/-详细释义:旗舰的，代表性的，一流的-词组搭配:1.flagshipstore（旗舰店）2.flagshipproduct（旗舰产品）-派生词:flagshipairline（领航航空），flagshipuniversity（顶尖大学）3.Elegant-音标:/ˈelɪɡənt/-详细释义:优雅的，高雅的-词组搭配:1.elegantdesign（优雅的设计）2.elegantattire（优雅的服饰）-派生词:elegance（优雅），elegantly（优雅地）4.Progressive-音标:/prəˈɡresɪv/-详细释义:先进的，前卫的，进步的-词组搭配:1.progressiveideas（先进的观念）2.progressivesociety（进步的社会）-派生词:progress（进步），progressively（逐步地）5.Venue-音标:/ˈvenjuː/-详细释义:场所，地点，会场-词组搭配:1.weddingvenue（婚礼场地）2.concertvenue（音乐会场地）-派生词:-6.Colonial-音标:/kəˈloʊniəl/-详细释义:殖民地的，殖民时代的-词组搭配:1.colonialarchitecture（殖民地建筑）2.colonialrule（殖民统治）-派生词:colonization（殖民），colonially（殖民地地）7.Candle-lit-音标:/ˈkændl-lɪt/-详细释义:用蜡烛照明的，烛光照明的-词组搭配:1.candle-litdinner（烛光晚餐）2.candle-litroom（烛光房间）-派生词:-8.Michelin-音标:/ˈmɪtʃ.lən/-详细释义:米其林（法国轮胎公司，也是餐厅评级系统的名称）-词组搭配:1.Michelinstar（米其林星级）2.Michelinguide（米其林指南）-派生词:-9.Exciting-音标:/ɪkˈsaɪ.t̬ɪŋ/-详细释义:令人兴奋的，刺激的-词组搭配:1.excitingadventure（刺激的冒险）2.excitingnews（令人兴奋的消息）-派生词:excitement（兴奋），excitedly（兴奋地）10.Culinarytheater-音标:/ˈkʌlɪnəriˈθiːətər/-详细释义:烹饪艺术表演，美食表演-词组搭配:1.culinarytheaterexperience（烹饪艺术表演体验）2.culinarytheatershow（烹饪艺术表演秀）-派生词:-【任务二：高级词组搭配】1.Finedining-释义:精致餐饮-例句:Nahmoffersanexceptionalfinediningexperience.-例句翻译:Nahm提供了出色的精致餐饮体验。2.Traditionalcuisine-释义:传统美食-例句:IssayaSiameseClubservesafusionoftraditionalcuisinewithmoderntechniques.-例句翻译:IssayaSiameseClub提供传统美食与现代技术的融合。3.Hard-to-finddishes-释义:难寻找的菜肴-例句:Bo.lanspecializesinhard-to-finddisheswithauthenticflavors.-例句翻译:Bo.lan专注于味道地道的难寻找的菜肴。4.Candle-litdinner-释义:烛光晚餐-例句:Bo.lanisperfectforaromanticcandle-litdinner.-例句翻译:Bo.lan非常适合浪漫的烛光晚餐。5.Setmenu-释义:套餐-例句:Gagganoffersasetmenuforthosewhowanttotryavarietyofdishes.-例句翻译:Gaggan提供套餐，供那些想尝试各种菜肴的人选择。6.Top10oftheworld's50bestrestaurantslist-释义:世界50大最佳餐厅榜单前十名-例句:NahmistheonlyThairestauranttomakeittothetop10oftheworld's50bestrestaurantslist.-例句翻译:Nahm是唯一一家进入世界50大最佳餐厅榜单前十名的泰国餐厅。7.ProgressiveIndianrestaurant-释义:先进的印度餐厅-例句:GagganisknownasaprogressiveIndianrestaurant,pushingboundarieswithitsinnovativedishes.-例句翻译:Gaggan被认为是一家先进的印度餐厅，通过其创新的菜肴突破界限。8.Two-storycolonialThaihome-释义:两层楼的殖民地泰式住宅-例句:Gagganishousedinatwo-storycolonialThaihome,addingtoitsuniqueambiance.-例句翻译:Gaggan设在一座两层楼的殖民地泰式住宅中，增添了独特的氛围。9.Besttable-释义:最佳座位-例句:ReservethebesttableatGagganforanunforgettablediningexperience.-例句翻译:在Gaggan预订最佳座位，享受难忘的用餐体验。10.Culinaryexperience-释义:烹饪体验-例句:DiningatIssayaSiameseClubisnotjustameal,it'saculinaryexperience.-例句翻译:在IssayaSiameseClub用餐不仅仅是一顿饭，而是一次烹饪体验。（B）TerriBoltonis

adabhand

whenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith£5inpocketmoney.Shesays:“I’msureIwasn’tmuchofahelptostartwith,paintingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksanditwasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.”Terri,whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhenatenancy(租期)comestoanend.Sheadds:“I’vemovedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures,so,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.”WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthatcomingweeks,newresearchshowsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong,warmsummerdaystogetjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearound£823.Twothirdsofpeopleaimtoimprovetheircomfortwhileathome.Twofifthswishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhouse.ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.【任务一：重点单词学习】1.Dabhand-音标:/dæbhænd/-详细释义:在某方面技艺高超的，在某方面有经验的-词组搭配:1.He'sadabhandatfixingcars.（他在修车方面很在行。）2.She'sadabhandinthekitchen.（她在厨房里很有经验。）-派生词:-2.Backbreaking-音标:/ˈbækˌbreɪkɪŋ/-详细释义:折磨人的，令人筋疲力尽的-词组搭配:1.backbreakinglabor（令人筋疲力尽的劳动）2.backbreakingwork（令人筋疲力尽的工作）-派生词:backbreaker（令人筋疲力尽的事物），backbreakingly（令人筋疲力尽地）3.Tenancy-音标:/ˈtɛnənsi/-详细释义:租期，租赁期限-词组搭配:1.rentaltenancy（租赁期限）2.residentialtenancy（住宅租期）-派生词:tenant（租户），tenants'rights（租户权益）4.Personalise-音标:/ˈpɜːrsənəˌlaɪz/-详细释义:个性化，使个人化-词组搭配:1.personalizeyourspace（个性化你的空间）2.personalizeyourbelongings（使你的物品个性化）-派生词:personalization（个性化），personalized（个性化的）5.Deposit-音标:/dɪˈpɒzɪt/-详细释义:押金，定金-词组搭配:1.payadeposit（支付押金）2.returnthedeposit（退还押金）-派生词:depositary（存款人），depository（存放处）【任务二：高级词组搭配】1.Long,warmsummerdays-意思:漫长而温暖的夏日-例句:Withthelong,warmsummerdaysahead,manypeopleareplanningDIYprojects.-例句翻译:在漫长而温暖的夏日即将到来之际，许多人正在计划DIY项目。2.Makethemostof-意思:充分利用，充分发挥-例句:PeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthesummerdaysbytacklingDIYprojects.-例句翻译:人们计划充分利用夏日来处理DIY项目。3.Averagespend-意思:平均花费-例句:TheaveragespendperDIYprojectisexpectedtobearound£823.-例句翻译:每个DIY项目的平均花费预计约为823英镑。4.Leadthecharge-意思:领头冲锋，率先行动-例句:TheresearchshowsthatwomenarenowleadingthechargeinDIYprojects.-例句翻译:研究表明，如今女性在DIY项目中领头冲锋。5.TacklingDIYprojects-意思:处理DIY项目-例句:ManypeoplearelookingforwardtotacklingDIYprojectsduringthesummer.-例句翻译:许多人期待着在夏季处理DIY项目。6.Improvetheircomfort-意思:提高舒适度-例句:TwothirdsofpeopleaimtoimprovetheircomfortwhileathomethroughDIYprojects.-例句翻译:三分之二的人希望通过DIY项目提高在家中的舒适度。7.Increasethevalueoftheirhouse-意思:增加房屋价值-例句:TwofifthsofpeoplewishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhousebyundertakingDIYprojects.-例句翻译:五分之二的人希望通过进行DIY项目来增加房屋价值。8.DIYprojects-意思:DIY项目-例句:DIYprojectshavetraditionallybeenseenasamalehobby,buttheresearchshowsthatwomenarealsoembracingthem.-例句翻译:DIY项目传统上被视为男性的爱好，但研究表明女性也在接受这一爱好。9.Accompaniedtowork-意思:陪同工作-例句:Terriaccompaniedhergrandfathertoworkfromayoungage,whichinstilledinhervaluableDIYskills.-例句翻译:Terri从小就陪同祖父去工作，这使她具备了宝贵的DIY技能。10.Rewardwith-意思:以...作为奖励-例句:TerriwasrewardedwithpocketmoneyforherhelpwithDIYtasks.-例句翻译:Terri因帮助DIY任务而获得零用钱作为奖励。（C）Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder’s

Sophie’sWorld.Itwasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy(哲学).ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.NothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeoplewhothinktheyunderstandFoucault,Baudrillard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou—andthentrytoexplainthem.EricWeiner’s

TheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophers

reawakenedmyloveforphilosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosophy.Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher’sworkinthecontext(背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy,isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersinhistory,andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding(解读)theirmessagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.TheSocratesExpress

isafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.It’sworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedon’thavealotof.【任务一：重点单词学习】1.Invitation-音标:/ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/-详细释义:邀请，邀请函-词组搭配:1.extendaninvitation（发出邀请）2.acceptaninvitation（接受邀请）-派生词:invite（邀请），invitational（邀请赛）2.Quality-音标:/ˈkwɑːləti/-详细释义:质量，品质-词组搭配:1.highquality（高质量）2.qualitycontrol（质量控制）-派生词:qualitative（定性的），qualityassurance（质量保证）3.Decoding-音标:/diˈkoʊdɪŋ/-详细释义:解码，解读-词组搭配:1.decodingamessage（解读信息）2.decodingskills（解码技能）-派生词:decoder（解码器），decodable（可解码的）4.Appealing-音标:/əˈpiːlɪŋ/-详细释义:有吸引力的，吸引人的-词组搭配:1.appealingappearance（吸引人的外表）2.appealingidea（吸引人的想法）-派生词:appeal（吸引），appealingly（具有吸引力地）5.Gradually-音标:/ˈɡrædʒuəli/-详细释义:逐渐地，渐渐地-词组搭配:1.graduallyimprove（逐渐改善）2.graduallyfade（逐渐消失）-派生词:gradual（逐渐的），gradualism（渐进主义）6.Experiences-音标:/ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz/-详细释义:经验，体验-词组搭配:1.lifeexperiences（生活经验）2.uniqueexperiences（独特体验）-派生词:experience（经历），experiential（体验的）7.Loneliness-音标:/ˈloʊnlinəs/-详细释义:孤独，寂寞-词组搭配:1.feelingsofloneliness（孤独的感觉）2.overcomeloneliness（克服孤独）-派生词:lonely（孤独的），loneliness（寂寞）8.Humor-音标:/ˈhjuːmər/-详细释义:幽默，幽默感-词组搭配:1.senseofhumor（幽默感）2.humorinwriting（文字中的幽默）-派生词:humorous（幽默的），humorist（幽默作家）9.Regrets-音标:/rɪˈɡrets/-详细释义:后悔，遗憾-词组搭配:1.havenoregrets（无怨无悔）2.livewithoutregrets（无悔的生活）-派生词:regret（后悔），regrettable（令人遗憾的）10.Coffeeortea-意思:咖啡或茶-例句:Theauthorinvitesreaderstopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwithhisbook.-例句翻译:作者邀请读者拿杯咖啡或茶，坐下来阅读他的书。D篇Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—werevere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.“Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange,”saysbearbiologistChrisServheen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswheretheyhaven’tbeenseeninacenturyormore,they’reincreasinglybeingsightedbyhumans.ThewesternhalfoftheUSwasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheUS.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheUSFishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.Obviously,ifprecautions(预防)aren’ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,”saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.【任务一：重点单词学习】1.Revere-音标:/rɪˈvɪər/-详细释义:敬畏，尊敬-词组搭配:1.reveresomeoneasahero（尊敬某人为英雄）2.deeplyreveretraditions（深深尊敬传统）-派生词:reverence（尊敬），reverent（虔诚的）2.Frightening-音标:/ˈfraɪtənɪŋ/-详细释义:令人恐惧的，可怕的-词组搭配:1.afrighteningexperience（令人恐惧的经历）2.afrighteningsight（可怕的景象）-派生词:frighten（使害怕），frightened（害怕的）3.Sighted-音标:/ˈsaɪtɪd/-详细释义:看到的，目击的-词组搭配:1.asightedUFO（目击的飞碟）2.asightedanimal（被目击到的动物）-派生词:sight（视觉），sighting（目击事件）4.Continuous-音标:/kənˈtɪnjuəs/-详细释义:连续不断的，持续的-词组搭配:1.continuousimprovement（持续改进）2.continuouseffort（持续努力）-派生词:continually（不断地），continuity（连续性）5.Delist-音标:/diˈlɪst/-详细释义:摘除...的名单，取消...的上市地位-词组搭配:1.delistastock（摘除股票）2.delistaspecies（从名单中删除一个物种）-派生词:delisting（摘牌），delisted（摘牌的）6.Loosen-音标:/ˈluːsən/-详细释义:放松，松开-词组搭配:1.loosenrestrictions（放松限制）2.loosenaknot（解开结）-派生词:loose（宽松的），loosening（放松）7.Troublesome-音标:/ˈtrʌblsəm/-详细释义:麻烦的，令人不安的-词组搭配:1.troublesomebehavior（麻烦的行为）2.troublesomesituation（令人不安的情况）-派生词:trouble（麻烦），troublemaker（麻烦制造者）8.Attractant-音标:/əˈtræktənt/-详细释义:诱引物，引诱因素-词组搭配:1.animalattractant（动物诱引物）2.attractantscent（吸引气味）-派生词:attract（吸引），attractive（有吸引力的）9.Biologist-音标:/baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/-详细释义:生物学家-词组搭配:1.marinebiologist（海洋生物学家）2.wildlifebiologist（野生动物学家）-派生词:biology（生物学），biological（生物的）10.Precautions-意思:预防措施，预防方法-例句:Takingprecautionsaroundgrizzlybearsisessentialforsafety.-例句翻译:在灰熊周围采取预防措