湖南省2023-2024学年高二下学期期中测试英语模拟试卷

湖南省2023-2024下学期高二期中测试模拟试卷英语（试题卷）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatkindofbookisthemanreading?A.AdetectivestoryB.AnadventurenovelC.Sciencefiction.2.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Takehistemperature.B.Takeaslowbreath.C.Haveahealthcheck.3.Whywon'tthewomangotothemalltoday?A.Theweatheristoocold.B.Itwillbecrowded.C.Shepreferstogotoapark.4.Howwastheweatherlastweek?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.5.Wheredidthewomanvisittherainforestlastyear?A.InOregon.B.InAlaska.C.InWashington.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendidthemancomeback?A.OnMonday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.7.WhatdidthemandoinLeeds?A.Hevisitedapark.B.Hedesignedaproduct.C.Hemadeapresentation.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthewoman'sspeechmainlyabout?A.Storms.B.Risingsealevel.C.Dyingoceanplants.9.Whichpartofthespeechisthewomanworriedabout?A.Theintroduction.B.Thegeneralspeech.C.Thequestionandanswerperiod.10.Whatadvicedoesthemangivethewoman?A.Toresearchhertopic.B.TogivethespeechtoothersC.TolookforspeechtipsontheInternet.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthewomandoinginthemall?A.Searchingforhersister.B.Pickingoutaweddinggift.C.Buyingaphotoalbum.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Considerjewelry.B.Planherbudget.C.Getsomethingpersonalized13.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Spendlessmoney.B.Getajobpromotion.C.Holdaninterview.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdidthewomanlearncooking?A.Fromhermother.B.OntheInternet.C.Fromhersister.15.Whydidthewomanlearntocook?A.Toearnherliving.B.Tohelphermother.C.Tomasteralifeskill.16.Whenwasthewoman'scookingimproved?A.Aftershegotmarried.B.Whileshewasinhighschool.C.Whenshestudiedawayfromhome.17.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Learntocook.B.Goonapicnic.C.Prepareforabarbecue.听第10段材料，回答第18-20题。18.Whyhasthelakebecomefamousinrecentyears?A.It'sintroducedinbooks.B.Asportsgameisheldthere.C.Asingersingsasongaboutit.19.Wheredidthejourneystart?A.Ontheeasternshore.B.Onthefrozensurface.C.Fromabovethelake.20.Whatattractsrunnerstothelake?A.Thewidespace.B.Thebeautifullandscape.C.Thecoldweather.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALouisPasteuroncesaid,"Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.That'sthetruthbehindthefollowinginventions-thescientistswerepreparedandwereabletoseethemagicinamistake.MauveIn1856,WilliamPerkinwastryingtocomeupwithanartificialmedicine,buthisexperimentsproducedathickmess.ButthemorePerkinlookedatit,themorehesawabeautifulcolorinhismess.Itturnedoutthathehadmademauve,thefirst-eversyntheticdye(合成染料),whichwasfarbetterthananynaturaldye:thecolorwasbrighter,clearer,anddidn'tfadeorwashout.SuperglueThissuper-stickysubstancewasdiscoveredbyaccident-twice!ChemistHarryCooverhadbeenattemptingtomakeclearplasticgunsights,andin1942onemethodhetestedproducedanextremelyquickbondingadhesive(黏合剂).Itwasuselessforhisgunsights,though,andheforgotaboutituntilalmosttenyearslater,whenhecameacrossitagainwhiledevelopingheat-resistantpartsforairplanes.Thistimehererecognizeditspotential,andtheproductwasputonthemarket.PlasticIn1907,shellac(虫胶)wasusedinelectronics.Itwascostly,soAmericanchemistLeoHendrikBaekelandtriedtoproduceanalternative.Instead,hisexperimentsproducedamaterialthatcouldtakehightemperatures.Helaterdevelopeditintoplastic,anditwassoonusedintheproductionofalmosteverything.TeflonBackinthe1930s,YoungDuPontchemistRoyPlunkettwasworkingtomakeanewkindofCFCforrefrigeration.Afterstoringthegasincertaincontainers,heopenedonetodiscoverthatithadchangedintoawhitepowderthatwasextremelystickyandhadaveryhighmeltingpoint.Threeyearslater,thesubstance,whichwasnamedTeflon,waspatented.21.Whichinventioncameoutearliest?A.Mauve.B.Superglue.C.Plastic.D.Teflon.22.Whorecognizedthevalueofhisoriginalinventionwhendevelopingairplaneparts?A.WilliamPerkin.B.HarryCoover.C.LeoHendrikBaekeland.D.RoyPlunkett.23.Whatdotheinventionshaveincommon?A.Theyweremadebyaccident.B.Theycouldtakehightemperatures.C.Theyreceivednorecognitionatfirst.D.Theycouldbeusedinmedicalfields.BAChinesegirl,TanFanglin,overcameaworld-classmathematicsproblemandwasinvitedagaintoattendtheWorldLaureatesForumwhenshewas15.Communicatingwithmanytopscientistsintheworld,shebecamearisingstarinthismeetingoftheworld'ssharpestminds.HerdiscoveryhaswonhermanyprizesinyouthinnovationcompetitionsinChina.However,Tanisnota“genius”inthetraditionalsense.Tanwasbornintoascholarlyfamily.Herfatherwasaprofessorofmathematics.Tanshowedahighinterestinmathematicswhenshewasveryyoung.Shelikestofindquestionsonherown.Themoredifficulttheproblemis,themorepotentialshewillunlock.Inthisprocess,herfatherwillonlygiveproperguidance.Tantookpartinmanyresearchprojects.Sodevotedtotheprojects,sheoncemadeseriousmistakesduringtheexamatschool.Insteadofseverelyrebukingher,herparentsletherfindtheproblembyherselfandachieveabetterbalancebetweentextbookstudyandresearch,ItwasbecauseoftherespectandtrustofherparentsthatTanbegantoplanherstudytimescientificallyandappliedthelearningmethodssummarizedintheprocessofmathematicsresearchtotheclassroom.Withherhardwork,shemadegreatachievementsinmathematics.AttendingthismeetingenabledTantogetmoreinspirationfromtheworld'stopscientists.SheevengottheopportunitytotalkwithGeroMiesenböck,whoispioneeringthefieldofoptogenetics(光遗传).Miesenböckhasencouragedhernottoloseherpassionandloveforwhatshedoesandsaidacceptingfailureisimportanttoresearchers.HehasstressedthatweallknowthatevenThomasEdisonwentthroughhundredsofunsuccessfulattemptsbeforefinallyinventingthelightbulb,Tanhasmetmanydifficultiesinherresearchandoftenfeelsupset.Thewordshavemadeherfeelinspired.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutTanFanglinfromthearticle?A.Shewenttothemeetingwithherfather.B.Shehasastrongloveformathematics.C.Shenevermademistakesinherschoolexams.D.ShewasinvitedtoattendtheForumforthefirsttime.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rebuking"inParagraph3mean?A.Helping.B.Challenging.C.Criticizing.D.Praising.26.HowdidTan'sparentshelpherwithherresearch?A.Bycorrectinghermistakes.B.Byofferingextratrainingforherresearch.C.Bystressingtheimportanceofscientificresearch.D.Byrespectingherandencouragingherinself-development.27.WhichstatementdoesGeroMiesenböckprobablyagreewith?A.AllroadsleadtoRome.B.Nothingisimpossible.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.CSmartdeviceshaveapparentlybecomeaneverydaypartofourlives.Asmartrefrigeratorcangoaboveandbeyondsimplykeepingourfoodcool.Asmartrefrigeratorisanyrefrigeratorthat'sequippedwithaWi-Ficonnection,Itcanshareinformationaboutitself,beareal-timecamerathatletsusersseewhat'sinsidewhileatthesupermarket,oractasadigitalcommandcenterforthehome.Someotherthingssmartfridgesareabletodoincluderaisingorloweringthetemperatureatthesoundofyourvoiceorwithyourphone,orhelpingyoumonitorthecontentsofyourfridgesoyoudon'trunintoamilkshortageemergency.Smartfridgescanbeparticularlygoodatkeepingfoodcool.It'seasiertoadjustthetemperatureifitishigherthanitshouldbebecausethedoorisleftslightlyopen.Thiscanmakeadifferenceinyourenergybillsandthequalityandlifespan(寿命)ofyourfood.Manyofthesmartfridge'sfeaturescanalsosaveyoutimewhenyou'rerushingtogetreadyinthemorning.Thepeoplewhowillbenefitmostfromasmartfridgeareprobablythosewhohavechildrenwhomightbeusingthefridgewhileparentsareatwork.It'sanotherwayyoucankeepaneyeonwhat'sgoingonathomewhenyou'renotthere.However,pricesdotendtorunhigherthantraditionalfridges.Ifyoualreadyhaveafoodorganizationalsystemthat'sworkingverywellforyou,andyouarecoolwiththewayyourfridgeishandlingyourfood,thenasmartfridgemaynotbeworthitpractically.However,ifthesmartfridge'sfeaturesmentionedabovesoundliketheywouldmakeyourlifeeasier,thenonecouldbeworththeextraexpenses.28.Whatcanasmartrefrigeratordo?A.Orderfood.B.Recordthecontentsinside.C.Dealwithemergency.D.Shareinformationwithsupermarkets.29.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesmartrefrigerator?A.Energy-savingbutexpensive.B.Child-friendlybutnoisyC.Time-savingandunsafeD.Convenientbutpower-consuming30.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Acceptingasmartfridgepassively.B.Highlyrecommendingustoownasmartfridge.C.Thinkingreasonablyabouthavingasmartfridge.D.Firmlyrejectingtheideaofbuyingasmartfridge.31.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?A.Aposter.B.Amagazine.C.Anovel.D.Aguidebook.DJapaneseautomakerToyotahasannouncedplanstocreateamodelofthe“cityofthefuture"totestanddevelopnewtechnologies.Theprojectwillinvolve“buildingacompletecityfromthegroundup”atthefootofJapan'sMountFuji.ThecompanyannouncedtheplansduringtheyearlyCEStechnologyshowinLasVegas,Nevada.Toyotacallstheproject“WovenCity".Itismeanttobeamodelforcreating“smartcities"globally.Asmartcityisanareadevelopedwithhigh-speedInternetconnectivitytolinkmajorinformationandcommunicationsystems.Thesesystems-poweredbydataandsensors-canimprovelivingconditionsrelatingtothingslikeenergy,transportationandhealth.Smartcitiescanbedesignedtogreatlydecreasehuman-causedpollution,reducetrafficproblemsandcreatenewusesforInternettechnologytoaffecteverydaylife.TheWovenCitywillaimtobealivinglaboratory"fortechnologiesincludingself-drivingsystems.robotics,smarthomesandartificialintelligence.Thecitywillbebuiltonlandwhereanautomobilefactorycurrentlyoperates.Thecitywillcoverabout70hectaresoflandandisdesignedtoholdaround2,000people.ResidentscouldincludeToyotaemployeesandvisitingresearchers.Thecitywillhaveitsownpoliceofficers,fireandemergencyservicesandschools.Thecity'smainelectricalpowerwillcomefromhydrogenfueltechnology.Thecityisplannedtobefullysustainable,withbuildingsmademostlyofwood.Buildingswillbemadewithsolarequipmenttoproduceadditionalelectricity.32.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph2?A.Theexplanationofasmartcity.33.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetrafficinstreetsoftheWovenCity?A.Safe.B.Rapid.C.Intelligent.D.Comfortable.34.WhichismentionedinParagraph4?A.WhentheWovenCitywillbecompleted.B.WhowillbeallowedtoliveintheWovenCity.C.WhysolarenergywillbeusedintheWovenCity.D.HowacarfactorywillbechangedintotheWovenCity35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheWayHumanBeingsWillLiveintheFutureB.World-LeadingTechnologiesofToyota'sSmartHomeC.The“CityoftheFuture"toBeBuilttoTestNewTechnologiesD.GreatChangesBroughtbytheInternetinOurFutureLife第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Bikingoffersanumberoflife-changingbenefitstoitsriders.Itfightsoverweightandheartdiseaseaswellasbuildsupmuscles.Cyclingforthecommute(通韵)reducesnoiseandairpollutantsandcutsdownongreenhousegases.36Nottomentionthatcyclingischeaperthandriving.37Abikecompanyconductedasurveyandfoundoutthatthenumberonethingpreventingpeoplefrombikingtoworkwasawarenessofroadsafety",Sharingtheroadwithcarscanbedangerous,OmarBakhshi,anappdeveloper,experiencedthisfirsthandwhenacarhithim,leavinghimwithaninjurythataffectedhistasteandsmellforlife,38Thatwaswhyhesetouttomaketheroadssafertoshare.Hestartedacompany,Tether,toimprovesafetyconditionsforurbancyclists.Tetherhasdevelopedasmallsmartsensorthatisinstalledonabike'shandlebars.Asthebikerridesthroughthecity.thedeviceprojectsa“safetyzone"oflightsontothesidewalk.Ifcarsgettooclosetothebiker'spersonalspace,thelightswillstartflashing.39WhatmakesBakhshi'sdevicedifferenttosimilardevicesonthemarketareitssmartfeatures.Tether'stoolcollectsdatafromcloseencounters(相遇)withcars.Thedataisthenorganizedintoacentraldatabase.40Whenbikinganddrivingcanbothshareroadsafetyawareness,bikingwillbecomeabeautifulsightinthecity.A.Citybikingisfarfromsafe.B.Bikerscangoquicklyandsafely.C.Herealizedthatwhathappenedtohimwasn'tunusual.D.Inotherwords,it'sacleanandgreenwaytogettowork.E.Withalltheseadvantages,whyaren'ttheremanybikersoncityroads?F.Thiscanremindcardriverstopayattentiontotherulesofsharingtheroad.G.Thus,bikerscanaccesstheinformationtodeterminewhichstreetsaresaferforthem.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mylifeasanexchangestudentfinallybegan!Itwasonlyashort20-minutedrivefromtheairporttoQueenslandUniversityofTechnology(QUT),butI4litalotbecausemydriverwasvery42andtoldmealotaboutAustralianculturealongtheway.Beforeleavinghome,Ihadageneralideaofwhatmy_43wouldbelike.WhenO-Week(迎新周)atQUTfinallyhappened,Ifeltthatmylifeherereallyliveduptomyfirst44.Theweek-longeventnotonly45metojoindifferentclubsandsocieties,butalsogavemeachanceto46QUT'scampus.Ilovedthe47ofO.Week,Itwasreallylively.Interactingwithdifferentculturesinpersonwasreallya(n)48.IfeltthiswasexactlywhatI49lifeinAustraliawouldbelike.Iwasreallyexcited!After50mynewhome,IfoundthatlivinginBrisbanewasquitedifferent,Ihadthe5ltodoalotmorethingsandhadnolimitsto52Icoulddothem.Forexample,haveyoueverwantedpancakesevenat6am?Besides,itwasconvenienttolivethere-oneofmyfavoriterestaurantswasonlya2-minutewalkawayfrommy53.Besides,Ifounditquiteinterestingtomeetandworkwiththelocals.IlovedAustraliasomuchthatIfeltvery54whenmyexperiencecametoa(n)55.ImadesomanyfriendsthereandIhopetoseethemallagainonmynextworldtour!41.A.predictedB.enjoyedC.hatedD.pursued42.A.curiousB.lonelyC.friendlyD.independent43.A.experienceB.positionC.resultD.behavior44.A.optionsB.expectationsC.challengesD.grades44.A.warnedB.forcedC.taughtD.allowed46.A.explodeB.exportC.exploreD.expand47.A.atmosphereB.purposeC.invitationD.origin48.A.attitudeB.eye-openerC.record-holderD.mixture49.A.deniedB.picturedC.declaredD.postponed50.A.settlingintoB.figuringoutC.carryingoutD.knockinginto51.A.excuseB.patienceC.intentionD.freedom52.A.whyB.howC.whenD.where53.A.houseB.villageC.companyD.laboratory54.A.proudB.confusedC.upsetD.satisfied55.A.pointB.powerC.existenceD.end第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheUKDementiaResearchInstituteteamatCardiffUniversityusedartificialintelligence56(analyse)datafrom103,712smartwatchwearers.Andby57(track)theirspeedofmovementoverasingleweek,thecomputerprogramswereabletorecognisethosepeople58wereintheearlystagesofParkinson'sdisease(帕金森病).Itishopedthatthiscouldfinallybeusedas59practicaltool.Butmorestudies,comparingthesefindingswithotherdata60(gather)globally,areneededtocheckhowaccurateitwillbe.Andsinceabout30%oftheUKpopulationusedwearable61(device),studyleaderDrCynthiaSandorsaid,theymightofferacheapand62(rely)waytoidentifyearly-stageParkinson'sdisease.DrKathrynPeall,whoworkedonthestudy,saidthatitappearedtobeaccurateanddistinguishParkinson'sdisease63otherthingsthatmightaffectmovement,suchasoldageorweakness.AccordingtoresearchfrommarketandconsumerinsightssiteStatista,nearly230millionpeople64(make)themostofwearableequipmentin2027Wherethisworkis65(potential)importanttothefieldisthatwehopethatnewtherapies(治疗方法)thatallowustoslowdiseaseprogressionwillbecomeavailable.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华,你市的科技馆将举办一场机器人展览会。请给你的交换生好友Peter写一封电子邮件,邀请他一同前往,内容包括:1.展览会时间、地点;2.展览会内容;3.发出邀请。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ashelayawakethatnight,Tonycouldhearhisparentsdiscussing