2024届高考三轮冲刺英语作业考试化40分钟卷系列模拟题七选五36（含答案）

【2024届高考】英语作业考试化40分钟卷系列之最新模拟题七选五36班级：_________姓名：_________________分数：___________反思：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A（2024·山西晋中·模拟预测）Whetheritisthefluoranyoftheothercold-likevirusesrisinginwinter,itseemsthatstuffynosesandsorethroatsarecommonsymptoms.Youmayhavenoticed,however,thatyourcoldseemstogetbetterorworsedependingonthetimeofday.Mostcommonly,youwakeupwithworsesymptoms.Then,theypartiallyclearupthroughouttheday,onlytogetworseoncemoreasyougettobed.1Currently,theleadingideaisthatsymptomseverityislinkedtoourcircadianrhythm(昼夜节律).Thecircadianrhythmisveryimportantfordailycellularprocesses.2Italsoplaysacriticalroleincontrollingtheheartandtheimmunesystem.3Thisiswhysleepissoimportantafteryou’vebeentothegym.Thisalsoapplieswhenyouareill—thebodyfloodsthebloodwithwhitebloodcellscalledleukocytes,resultinginandimmuneresponseagainstdiseasesandtheimmunesystemfightinginfection.This,therefore,explainswhyourcoldsymptomsgetworseaswesettledownforanight’ssleep.Cellsinfectedbyvirusesareattractedtothelocalareaandkilled,causingsorenessintheaffectedtissues,andmucus(鼻涕)floodsthenosetojointhefight.4Youwakeupfeelinglikedeathduetothebattlehappeningwithin.Thereareotherreasonswhyyoumightfeelworseatnight.Thefirstissimplygravity.Whenyouliedown,yourmucusbuildsupinthenose,causingpressureandheadaches.5Anotherfactorisabouthormones.Hormonalimbalancescanbecausedbylackofsleepatnightandcouldinfluenceimmunefunction,leadingtoacycleofsleeplessnightsandthenfeelingworse.A．Whydoesthishappen?B．Othersarereportingthesamething.C．Asyoustandup,youstarttofeelbetter.D．It’sagoodthing,butitreallydoesn’tfeellikeit.E．Gravityhelpsoutalotmorewhenyouareupright.F．Whileresting,thebodyusesthedowntimetorecover.G．Anditcanbeaffectedbytheamountofsleepandlightwegeteachday.B（2024·江西萍乡·二模）Yourmanagerstopsyouandsayssheneedstohaveawordaboutyourperformanceintherecentproject.Shebeginsbypraisingyouforthegoodworkyou’vedoneontheproject,andyouwonderifthisisthepraisethatstartsoffthetypical“feedbacksandwich”.6Saysomethingnice,saywhatyoureallywanttosay,saysomethingniceagain.However,whenfeedbackbecomessucharoutine,employeescanstarttoperceivepositivefeedbackassimplyaformofsugarcoatingthenegatives,thusdecreasingitsvalue.Instead,positivefeedbackshouldnotsimplybeseenassomethingtocushionthenegative.7Belowarethreetipstohelpyoumakepositivefeedbackcount.8Whenpositiveandnegativefeedbackalwaysappeartogohandinhand,thepositivescanbecomedevaluedandignored.Ensuretherearetimeswhenpositivefeedbackisgivenforitsownsakeandresistthetemptationtoofferconstructivecriticism.Cultivatea“growthmindset”.Manyofustendtofocusourpraiseontheendresultandseeminginborntalents.Forexample,9However,researchsuggeststhatbyfocusingontheprocessofboxthingsaredone,wecanencouragethedevelopmentofnewskillsandthecontinuedenhancementoftalents.Createacultureofofferingpositivefeedback.Makegivingpositivefeedbackpartofyourteamculture.Don’tjustwaitforspecialmomentstogivefeedback.Offerinformalpositivefeedbackwhenmakingsmalltalk.10Encouragepeerfeedbackamongteammembersandcolleaguesandactivelyaskthemforpositivecommentsoneachother’sperformancesontasks.A．youhavearealtalentfororganizingevents.B．Youknowhowthefeedbacksandwichgoes.C．Attempttoinjectsomepositivityintonegativefeedback.D．youreallyputalotofeffortintomakingthiseventasuccess.E．Don’talwaysfollowpositivefeedbackwithnegativefeedback.F．Feedbackdoesn’thavetoonlycomefromthehigherrankseither.G．Itshouldalsobedeliveredsoastoreinforceandencouragegoodperformance.C（2024·北京·一模）“Findyourpassion!”Whendiscussingfuturecareeroptionsorselectingamajorincollege,yourparentsoftensaythis.Theveryexpressionismeanttoinspire.Butisitgoodadvice?“Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.11Tostudythis,researchersuseaframeworkof

“fixed”and“growth”mindsets.Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.12Incontrast,peoplewhoviewinterestsandpassionsasdevelopedhaveagrowthmindsetofinterest.Researchershaverevealedthatafixedmindsetofinterestcandecreasecreativity.Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.13Evidently,peoplecandoalottoembraceagrowthmindsetofinterest.First,realizethatyourinterestsandpassionsaren’tpre-existing.Takeanactiveroleindevelopingyourpassions.Second,practisepositiveself-talk.Whenyoulackinterestinanewtask,payattentiontoyourinnerdialogue.14Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”15Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.A．Socanagrowthmindsetofinterestbetaught?B．Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.C．Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.D．Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.E．Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.F．Don’texpectthatpursuingnewinterestswillalwaysbeeasyorexciting.G．Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.D（2024·山西晋中·模拟预测）WhyCookingMealsatHomeBenefitsMoreThanJustYourWalletWhenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtake-outcanbeterriblyattractive.Relyingonfoodawayfromhomeoccasionallyistotallyacceptable.16Herearefourreasonstomakecookingathomeyouroption.●It’scheaper.Youcouldspend$100atafancyrestaurantforonedinner,whilethesameamountofmoneycouldbuyyougroceriesforaweek.Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.Here’show:17●Itmayreduceyourexposuretocertainchemicals.Themostsurprisingbenefitofcookingathomecandecreasetheamountofharmfulchemicalsyou’reexposedto.Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.18Foodpackagingcanalsocontainotherdamagingcompounds(化合物).●Youcanbetterestimatecalories.Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.19Onthecontrary,youhavecompletecontroloverthefoodmaterialswhenyoucookinyourownkitchen.Choosingfiber-packedvegetablesandmeatcontaininglessfatwillhelpkeepyourcaloriesundercontrol.Sowillthewayyoucookyourfood.Ratherthanfrying,chooseroasting.●20Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitislinkedtoserioushealthissueslikeheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Athome,youcancontrolthequantityofsaltonyourplatebyseasoningfoodinotherways,likeusinglemonjuice.Thesamegoesforsugar.Youcanusesmallerquantitiesofnaturalsweetenerslikehoneytoaddsweetnesstoyourfood.Toomuchaddedsugarislinkedtosomediseasesaswell.A．Youcanreduceaddedsaltandsugar.B．Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostorebranditems.C．Saltandsugararebothessentialsincookingdeliciousfoods.D．Peoplearealwaystooengagedintheirworktocookathomepersonally.E．Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.F．However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.G．Commonintakeoutandfast-foodpackaging,thosechemicalshavebeenassociatedwithmanydiseases.E（2024·陕西咸阳·二模）Intoday’sworld,wheretheconsequencesofclimatechangearebecomingincreasinglyevident,theneedforenergyconservationhasneverbeenmorepressing.21.UseyourlaptopmorethanyourdesktopLaptopsuseanaverageof20to50wattsofelectricitytorun,whereasdesktopcomputersuseanaverageof60to200wattsofelectricitytorun.Thereasonforthisisthatlaptopsrunoffofbatterypoweranddesktopsarecontinuouslypluggedintoapowersourcethatdrainsenergy.22.Notonlydoesthishelpreduceyourenergyusage,butitalsooptimizesyourlaptop’sbatterylifetolastlonger.ChargeyourphoneinairplanemodeandbeforebedtimeWhilecharging,switchyourphonetoairplanemode,sothatthephonedoesnotslowdownthechargingprocessbycontinuallyburningenergytryingtoconnectwithcellphonetowersandplotyourlocationwithitsGPSfunction.Whenyouswitchtoairplanemodeyourphonechargesmorequickly.Thebrighterthescreensetting,themorepoweritusesandvibrationusesmoreenergythanaringtone.23,thereforelessenergyconsumption.Andremember-unplugyourchargerifnotinuse!UnplugmobilephoneandlaptopchargersAlwaysunplugelectronicsandapplianceswhennotinuse.24.Whenthepowerstripislefton,thedevicespluggedintoitcontinuetouseenergyandactuallyincreaseyourenergyusage.TheNorthernResourcesDefenseCouncilfoundthatdevicesinsleeporstandbymodeaccountforaboutone-quarterofallresidentialenergyconsumption.25Reduceyourcarbonfootprintbyorganizingyourfilesandeliminatingunnecessarydatafromcloudstorage!Companiesofferingclouddatastorageneedwarehousesfilledwithserversrunningnonstop.ThesedatacentersconsumemassiveamountsofenergysincetheyrequireACsystemstoavoidoverheating.A．LowPowerModealsosavesbatterylifeB．DeleteunwantedfilesfromcloudstorageC．SavingenergyisnoweasierwiththesetipsfromUNICEFD．Therefore,energyconservationhasneverbeenmorepressingE．UnusedelectronicappliancesmayproduceharmtotheenvironmentF．Deenergizationwillsaveyouenergy,money,andcanpreventelectricalfiresG．Makesuretounplugyourlaptopfromthepowersourceonceit’sfullycharged【2024届高考】英语作业考试化40分钟卷系列之最新全国各地模拟题七选五36参考答案根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A（2024·山西晋中·模拟预测）Whetheritisthefluoranyoftheothercold-likevirusesrisinginwinter,itseemsthatstuffynosesandsorethroatsarecommonsymptoms.Youmayhavenoticed,however,thatyourcoldseemstogetbetterorworsedependingonthetimeofday.Mostcommonly,youwakeupwithworsesymptoms.Then,theypartiallyclearupthroughouttheday,onlytogetworseoncemoreasyougettobed.1Currently,theleadingideaisthatsymptomseverityislinkedtoourcircadianrhythm(昼夜节律).Thecircadianrhythmisveryimportantfordailycellularprocesses.2Italsoplaysacriticalroleincontrollingtheheartandtheimmunesystem.3Thisiswhysleepissoimportantafteryou’vebeentothegym.Thisalsoapplieswhenyouareill—thebodyfloodsthebloodwithwhitebloodcellscalledleukocytes,resultinginandimmuneresponseagainstdiseasesandtheimmunesystemfightinginfection.This,therefore,explainswhyourcoldsymptomsgetworseaswesettledownforanight’ssleep.Cellsinfectedbyvirusesareattractedtothelocalareaandkilled,causingsorenessintheaffectedtissues,andmucus(鼻涕)floodsthenosetojointhefight.4Youwakeupfeelinglikedeathduetothebattlehappeningwithin.Thereareotherreasonswhyyoumightfeelworseatnight.Thefirstissimplygravity.Whenyouliedown,yourmucusbuildsupinthenose,causingpressureandheadaches.5Anotherfactorisabouthormones.Hormonalimbalancescanbecausedbylackofsleepatnightandcouldinfluenceimmunefunction,leadingtoacycleofsleeplessnightsandthenfeelingworse.A．Whydoesthishappen?B．Othersarereportingthesamething.C．Asyoustandup,youstarttofeelbetter.D．It’sagoodthing,butitreallydoesn’tfeellikeit.E．Gravityhelpsoutalotmorewhenyouareupright.F．Whileresting,thebodyusesthedowntimetorecover.G．Anditcanbeaffectedbytheamountofsleepandlightwegeteachday.1．A2．G3．F4．D5．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要分析的是流感及类似感冒症状随着一天中的不同时间而好转或恶化的原因。1．空前“Youmayhavenoticed,however,thatyourcoldseemstogetbetterorworsedependingonthetimeofday.Mostcommonly,youwakeupwithworsesymptoms.Then,theypartiallyclearupthroughouttheday,onlytogetworseoncemoreasyougettobed.(然而，你可能已经注意到，你的感冒似乎随着一天中的不同时间而好转或恶化。最常见的是，你醒来时症状更严重。然后，它们在一天中会部分消失，但在你上床睡觉时又会变得更糟。)”说明了你的感冒似乎随着一天中的不同时间而好转或恶化，空格处应该对这种现象进行提问，A选项“Whydoesthishappen?(为什么会发生这种情况？)”是对上文的提问，进一步引出后文的解释，因此A选项承上启下，符合语境，故选A。2．空前“Currently,theleadingideaisthatsymptomseverityislinkedtoourcircadianrhythm(昼夜节律).Thecircadianrhythmisveryimportantfordailycellularprocesses.(目前，主要的观点是症状的严重程度与我们的昼夜节律有关。昼夜节律对细胞的日常活动非常重要。)”说明了症状的严重程度与我们的昼夜节律有关，空格处应该说和昼夜节律相关的内容，昼和夜也就是白天和黑夜，G选项“Anditcanbeaffectedbytheamountofsleepandlightwegeteachday.(它会受到我们每天的睡眠时间和光照的影响。)”中的it指代的是Thecircadianrhythm，其中的sleep指的是晚上的睡眠，light指的是白天，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。3．空后“Thisiswhysleepissoimportantafteryou’vebeentothegym.(这就是为什么在你去健身房之后睡觉是如此重要。)”说明了睡觉很重要，空格处应该说睡眠的好处，F选项“Whileresting,thebodyusesthedowntimetorecover.(休息时，身体利用休息时间来恢复。)”说明睡觉能让身体恢复，是睡觉的好处，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。4．空前“Cellsinfectedbyvirusesareattractedtothelocalareaandkilled,causingsorenessintheaffectedtissues,andmucus(鼻涕)floodsthenosetojointhefight.(被病毒感染的细胞被吸引到局部区域并被杀死，导致受感染组织疼痛，鼻涕会涌入鼻子加入战斗。)”说明被病毒感染的细胞会被杀死，空后“Youwakeupfeelinglikedeathduetothebattlehappeningwithin.(当你醒来时，由于内部的斗争，你感觉自己像死了一样。)”说明你醒来后感觉很糟糕，空格处承上启下，应该说虽然被病毒感染的细胞被杀死，但是这并不表示你会感觉很好，D选项“It’sagoodthing,butitreallydoesn’tfeellikeit.(这是件好事，但这真的感觉不像。)”说明了空前所说的内容感觉起来并不像好事，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。5．空前“Whenyouliedown,yourmucusbuildsupinthenose,causingpressureandheadaches.(当你躺下时，你的鼻涕在鼻子里积聚，造成压力和头痛。)”说明了躺下时鼻涕会积聚，造成压力和头痛，空格处应该说不躺下时会感觉怎么样，C选项“Asyoustandup,youstarttofeelbetter.(当你站起来的时候，你开始感觉好多了。)”说明了站起来时感觉会好得多，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。B（2024·江西萍乡·二模）Yourmanagerstopsyouandsayssheneedstohaveawordaboutyourperformanceintherecentproject.Shebeginsbypraisingyouforthegoodworkyou’vedoneontheproject,andyouwonderifthisisthepraisethatstartsoffthetypical“feedbacksandwich”.6Saysomethingnice,saywhatyoureallywanttosay,saysomethingniceagain.However,whenfeedbackbecomessucharoutine,employeescanstarttoperceivepositivefeedbackassimplyaformofsugarcoatingthenegatives,thusdecreasingitsvalue.Instead,positivefeedbackshouldnotsimplybeseenassomethingtocushionthenegative.7Belowarethreetipstohelpyoumakepositivefeedbackcount.8Whenpositiveandnegativefeedbackalwaysappeartogohandinhand,thepositivescanbecomedevaluedandignored.Ensuretherearetimeswhenpositivefeedbackisgivenforitsownsakeandresistthetemptationtoofferconstructivecriticism.Cultivatea“growthmindset”.Manyofustendtofocusourpraiseontheendresultandseeminginborntalents.Forexample,9However,researchsuggeststhatbyfocusingontheprocessofboxthingsaredone,wecanencouragethedevelopmentofnewskillsandthecontinuedenhancementoftalents.Createacultureofofferingpositivefeedback.Makegivingpositivefeedbackpartofyourteamculture.Don’tjustwaitforspecialmomentstogivefeedback.Offerinformalpositivefeedbackwhenmakingsmalltalk.10Encouragepeerfeedbackamongteammembersandcolleaguesandactivelyaskthemforpositivecommentsoneachother’sperformancesontasks.A．youhavearealtalentfororganizingevents.B．Youknowhowthefeedbacksandwichgoes.C．Attempttoinjectsomepositivityintonegativefeedback.D．youreallyputalotofeffortintomakingthiseventasuccess.E．Don’talwaysfollowpositivefeedbackwithnegativefeedback.F．Feedbackdoesn’thavetoonlycomefromthehigherrankseither.G．Itshouldalsobedeliveredsoastoreinforceandencouragegoodperformance.6．B7．G8．E9．A10．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了消极的反馈和积极的反馈之间的关系和影响。6．根据上文“Shebeginsbypraisingyouforthegoodworkyou’vedoneontheproject,andyouwonderifthisisthepraisethatstartsoffthetypical“feedbacksandwich”.(她一开始就称赞你在项目中做得很好，你想知道这是不是典型的“反馈三明治”的开始)”以及后文“Saysomethingnice,saywhatyoureallywanttosay,saysomethingniceagain.(说点好听的话，说你真正想说的话，再说点好听的话)”可知，后文具体解释了“反馈三明治”的过程，可知知道反馈三明治是怎么回事。故B选项“你知道反馈三明治是怎么回事”符合语境，故选B。7．根据上文“However,whenfeedbackbecomessucharoutine,employeescanstarttoperceivepositivefeedbackassimplyaformofsugarcoatingthenegatives,thusdecreasingitsvalue.Instead,positivefeedbackshouldnotsimplybeseenassomethingtocushionthenegative.(然而，当反馈成为一种惯例时，员工会开始认为积极的反馈只是一种粉饰消极的形式，从而降低了消极反馈的价值。相反，积极的反馈不应该仅仅被看作是缓冲消极的东西)”可知，上文提到积极的反馈不应该仅仅被看作是缓冲消极的东西，本句承接上文说明积极反馈真正的作用。故G选项“它的实施也应该是为了加强和鼓励良好的表现”符合语境，故选G。8．根据本段内容“Whenpositiveandnegativefeedbackalwaysappeartogohandinhand,thepositivescanbecomedevaluedandignored.Ensuretherearetimeswhenpositivefeedbackisgivenforitsownsakeandresistthetemptationtoofferconstructivecriticism.(当积极和消极的反馈总是齐头并进时，积极的东西就会被贬低和忽视。确保有时候给予积极的反馈是为了反馈本身，并抵制提供建设性批评的诱惑)”可知，后文提到了积极和消极的反馈的缺点，建议提出建设性批评，说明不要总是太在乎积极的反馈和消极的反馈。故E选项“不要总是紧跟着积极的反馈和消极的反馈”符合语境，故选E。9．根据上文“Cultivatea“growthmindset”.Manyofustendtofocusourpraiseontheendresultandseeminginborntalents.(培养“成长心态”。我们中的许多人倾向于把赞美集中在最终结果和似乎天生的才能上)”可知，本句主要是针对上文提到的“把赞美集中在最终结果和似乎天生的才能上”进行举例说明，A选项中talent对应上文talents。故A选项“你在组织活动方面很有天赋”符合语境，故选A。10．根据后文“Encouragepeerfeedbackamongteammembersandcolleaguesandactivelyaskthemforpositivecommentsoneachother’sperformancesontasks.(鼓励团队成员和同事之间的同伴反馈，并积极要求他们对彼此在任务中的表现给予积极的评价)”可知，同伴也可以给予反馈，说明反馈不一定来自上级。故F选项“反馈也不一定只来自高层”符合语境，故选F。C（2024·北京·一模）“Findyourpassion!”Whendiscussingfuturecareeroptionsorselectingamajorincollege,yourparentsoftensaythis.Theveryexpressionismeanttoinspire.Butisitgoodadvice?“Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.11Tostudythis,researchersuseaframeworkof

“fixed”and“growth”mindsets.Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.12Incontrast,peoplewhoviewinterestsandpassionsasdevelopedhaveagrowthmindsetofinterest.Researchershaverevealedthatafixedmindsetofinterestcandecreasecreativity.Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.13Evidently,peoplecandoalottoembraceagrowthmindsetofinterest.First,realizethatyourinterestsandpassionsaren’tpre-existing.Takeanactiveroleindevelopingyourpassions.Second,practisepositiveself-talk.Whenyoulackinterestinanewtask,payattentiontoyourinnerdialogue.14Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”15Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.A．Socanagrowthmindsetofinterestbetaught?B．Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.C．Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.D．Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.E．Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.F．Don’texpectthatpursuingnewinterestswillalwaysbeeasyorexciting.G．Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.11．B12．C13．E14．G15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章批判了“找到你的激情”这个观点，认为激情是培养出来的，要秉持兴趣成长型心态，这会帮助你保持开放和好奇，有助于培养激情。11．根据上文““Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.(“找到”激情意味着它已经存在，只是在等待被发现。不幸的是，科学并没有告诉我们这个想法)”可知，科学表明“激情”并非存在某个地方，等待被发现；由此可知，激情是需要培养的。B项“Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.(相反，激情和兴趣一样，是需要培养的)”符合题意。故选B。12．根据上文“Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.(他们认为，鼓励人们“找到”自己的激情可能会使他们最终相信兴趣和激情是天生的，相对来说是不可改变的)”推知，相信激情和兴趣是可以找到的人，大有可能认为激情和兴趣是不可改变的，即他们有一种固定的兴趣心态。C项“Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.(这么想的人有一种固定的兴趣心态)”符合题意，this指代上文“believethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable”。故选C。13．根据上文“Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.(如果人们认为他们只局限于一些天生的兴趣，因此不去探索其他领域，他们可能会错过跨领域的重要联系)”可知，如果人们认为他们只局限于一些天生的兴趣，他们可能会错过跨领域的重要联系；空处位于段末，应对上文进行总结。E项“Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.(因此，将兴趣视为固定的限制了他们的创造潜力)”符合题意，creativepotential呼应上文exploreotherarea。故选E。14．根据下文“Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”(例如，将“我对这个不感兴趣”改为“我对这个还不感兴趣，但我知道兴趣会随着时间和投入而发展。”)”可知，当我们对某个东西不感兴趣时，要用积极的想法代替消极的想法。G项“Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.(用鼓励成长和学习的积极想法取代自我批评的想法)”符合题意，下文是对选项的举例说明。故选G。15．根据下文“Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.(但兴趣的成长型心态会帮助你保持开放和好奇。科学告诉我们，我们应该努力去热爱我们所做的事情。因此，我们可能会变得更有创造力和耐力)”中的But可知，空处内容与下文为转折关系。D项“Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.(当然，并不是每一项活动都会成为一种燃烧的激情)”符合语境，虽然并非每项活动都会成为激情，但保持兴趣成长型心态有助于让人们保持开放和好奇。故选D。D（2024·山西晋中·模拟预测）WhyCookingMealsatHomeBenefitsMoreThanJustYourWalletWhenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtake-outcanbeterriblyattractive.Relyingonfoodawayfromhomeoccasionallyistotallyacceptable.16Herearefourreasonstomakecookingathomeyouroption.●It’scheaper.Youcouldspend$100atafancyrestaurantforonedinner,whilethesameamountofmoneycouldbuyyougroceriesforaweek.Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.Here’show:17●Itmayreduceyourexposuretocertainchemicals.Themostsurprisingbenefitofcookingathomecandecreasetheamountofharmfulchemicalsyou’reexposedto.Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.18Foodpackagingcanalsocontainotherdamagingcompounds(化合物).●Youcanbetterestimatecalories.Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.19Onthecontrary,youhavecompletecontroloverthefoodmaterialswhenyoucookinyourownkitchen.Choosingfiber-packedvegetablesandmeatcontaininglessfatwillhelpkeepyourcaloriesundercontrol.Sowillthewayyoucookyourfood.Ratherthanfrying,chooseroasting.●20Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitislinkedtoserioushealthissueslikeheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Athome,youcancontrolthequantityofsaltonyourplatebyseasoningfoodinotherways,likeusinglemonjuice.Thesamegoesforsugar.Youcanusesmallerquantitiesofnaturalsweetenerslikehoneytoaddsweetnesstoyourfood.Toomuchaddedsugarislinkedtosomediseasesaswell.A．Youcanreduceaddedsaltandsugar.B．Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostorebranditems.C．Saltandsugararebothessentialsincookingdeliciousfoods.D．Peoplearealwaystooengagedintheirworktocookathomepersonally.E．Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.F．However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.G．Commonintakeoutandfast-foodpackaging,thosechemicalshavebeenassociatedwithmanydiseases.16．F17．B18．G19．E20．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在家做饭的好处。16．根据上文“Whenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtake-outcanbeterriblyattractive.(当饥饿来袭时，进入快餐店或叫外卖的便利会非常吸引人。)”和下文“Herearefourreasonstomakecookingathomeyouroption.(这里有四个理由让你选择在家做饭。)”可知，上文提到饥饿的时候叫外卖非常有吸引力，下文要介绍选择在家做饭的理由，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明经常进快餐店或者叫外卖的坏处。F项：However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.(然而，当它成为一种习惯时，你的腰围、钱包和健康都会受到严重影响。)符合语境。故选F。17．根据上文“Youcouldspend$100atafancyrestaurantforonedinner,whilethesameamountofmoneycouldbuyyougroceriesforaweek.Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.(你可以花100美元在一家高级餐厅吃一顿晚餐，而同样的钱可以买一个星期的杂货。当你聪明地购物并富有创意时，你不需要在早餐上花超过1美元，在午餐上花2美元，在晚餐上花4美元，就能买到有益健康的食物。)”可知，空处承接上文，介绍明智购物的方法。B项：Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostorebranditems.(大量购买，坚持购买商店品牌的商品。)符合语境。故选B。18．根据上文“Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.(在家做饭的人体内的危险化学物质含量较低。)”和下文“Foodpackagingcanalsocontainotherdamagingcompounds(化合物).(食品包装也可能含有其他有害的化合物。)”可知，空处提到了化学物质，并和下文一起讲述了化学物质和食品接触的渠道。G项中的“thosechemicals”和上文中“dangerouschemicals”对应。G项：Commonintakeoutandfast-foodpackaging,thosechemicalshavebeenassociatedwithmanydiseases.(在外卖和快餐包装中很常见，这些化学物质与许多疾病有关。)符合语境。故选G。19．根据上文“Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.(外出就餐会让计算卡路里变得棘手。)”可知，外出就餐会导致卡路里摄入量变多。E项中的“tendtoconsumeextracalories”和上文中“makecaloriecountingtricky”对应。E项：Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.(这就是为什么人们在外出就餐时往往会摄入额外的卡路里。)符合语境。故选E。20．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitisl