专题03 形容词 - 副词（讲练）（原卷版）-2024中考英语二轮复习

1/1专题03形容词，副词形容词是描述人或事物的特征、性质、属性及状态的一种词类，主要用来修饰名词或代词。对于形容词的考查多集中在三个方面：1.形容词的比较等级；2.形容词词义辨析；3.形容词短语搭配。纵观近年各地市中考题，对在语言环境中考查形容词词义的题目有逐步增加的趋势。在学习过程中，要在识记形容词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。副词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用副词的能力。中考考查重点：一、形容词，副词词义辨析；（重点，难点考题） 二、形容词短语搭配；三、形容词，副词的级别 （重点考题） 1.(2023·武汉)—Maryis________aboutwhatsheeats.Sheneverhasjunkfood.—Agoodhabit.A.careful B.angry C.nervous D.relaxed【答案】A【解析】句意：——玛丽对吃什么很小心。她从不吃垃圾食品。——一个好习惯。考查形容词辨析。careful小心的；angry生气的；nervous紧张的；relaxed放松的。根据“Sheneverhasjunkfood”可知她不吃垃圾食品，所以对自己吃的东西非常小心。故选A。2.(2023·湖北荆州)—Thegirlsaretalkingabouttheartfestival_______.—Yes,theyhavesomanyfunthingstoshare.A.suddenly B.sadly C.badly D.happily【答案】D【解析】句意：——这些女孩们正在快乐地谈论艺术节。——是的。她们有很多有趣的事情一起分享。考查副词辨析。suddenly突然地；sadly难过地；badly严重地；happily开心地。根据“theyhavesomanyfunthingstoshare”，可知她们应该很开心，故选D。3（2023·江苏扬州）—Ilikeyourteapot.Ithasaveryfunnybutinterestingshape.—Thankyou.It’saworkofart,butitisalso________forteamaking.A.natural B.practical C.equal D.general【答案】B【解析】句意：——我喜欢你的茶壶。它有一个非常有趣但有趣的形状。——谢谢。它是一件艺术品，但它也可以用来泡茶。考查形容词辨析。natural自然的；practical适用的，实际的；equal平等的；general普遍的。根据“It’saworkofart,butitisalso...forteamaking.”可知是指茶壶是一件艺术品，也适用于泡茶。故选B。4.(2023·湖北鄂州)—IsJulieastallasyou?—No,sheisn’t.She’s________thanme.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.thetallest【答案】B【解析】句意：——Julie跟你一样高吗？——不，她不是。她比我高。考查形容词比较级。根据than可知，此处用形容词比较级。故选B。【副词，形容词】A语法功能1.形容词是描述人和事物特征、性质、属性或状态的词。主要用来修饰名词或不定代词。一般置于所修饰的名词之前、不定代词之后。成分说明例句作定语一般放在所修饰词的前面It’sacoldandwindydaytoday.今天是个寒冷、有风的天气。作表语放在系动词的后面Helookshappytoday.他今天看上去很开心。做补足语作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的性质、状态或特征Ithinkitimpossibleforhimtofinishtheworkbeforedark.我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成这一工作。作状语主要表示原因、伴随或方式Hungryandtired,Ihadtostoptohavearest.又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。2，副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。►Weshouldlistentoourteacherscarefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。►Heisveryhappytoday.他今天非常高兴。►＂Whathappened?＂Iasked,ratherangrily.＂发生什么事情了？＂我相当生气地问。►Inspring,Icanseeflowerseverywhere.在春天，我到处都能看到花。B副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为：1.时间副词：today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still2.表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always,often,usually,sometimes,never,ever,hardly等一般位于系动词、3.地点副词：here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home4.方式副词：well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly5.程度副词：very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite6.频度副词：always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,neverC形容词和副词的比较等级中考考查重点：1.形容词比较等级的用法及各种句型；2.副词等级的用法及各种句型；3.比较级表示最高级的含义的用法。形容、副词比较级和最高级的构成构成原级比较级最高级一般在词尾加-er,-estgreat伟大的fast快地greater较伟大的faster较快地greatest最伟大的fastest最快地以字母e结尾只加-r,-stnice好的nicer较好的nicest最好的以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写这一辅音字母,再加-er,-estbig大的bigger较大的biggest最大的以辅音字母+y结尾时，将y变为i再加-er,-esthappy高兴的heavy重的happier较高兴的heavier较重的happiest最高兴的heaviest最重的其他双音节和多音节词，在词前加more,themostslowly慢的difficult困难的moreslowly较慢的moredifficult较困难的themostslowly最慢的themostdifficult最困难的注意：(1)需要在其前面加more和most构成比较级和最高级的形容词和副词。如：interesting,important,expensive,useful,careful,carefully,dangerous,delicious,serious,famous,difficult,wonderful,comfortable,popular,enjoyable...(2)某些由形容词加-ly构成的副词，也是在其前面加more和most构成比较级和最高级。如：slowly→moreslowly→mostslowlyquietly→morequietly→mostquietly(3)形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可省略定冠词the。如：Jackistheearliestboytocometoschool.Michaelruns(the)fastestinhisclass.不规则原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastmuch/manymoremostfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthestoldolderelderoldesteldest形容词和副词原级的用法结构意思as+形容词/副词+as和……一样notas/so+形容词/副词+as不及／不如……so+形容词/副词+that从句如此……以至于……too+形容词/副词+todosth.太……而不能……形容词/副词+enoughtodosth.足够……倍数+as+形容词/副词+as表示倍数Such+a(an)+形容词+可数名词单数=so+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数如此；这样such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词形容词和副词比较级的用法：结构意思...比较级+than...两个事物/人比较Whichis+比较级，...or...?less+原级+than...不及……The+比较级...，the+比较级...越……就越……...比较级+and+比较级...越来越……倍数+比较级+than+被比较的对象表示倍数...比较级+thananyother+名词单数+in(of)...=...比较级+thantheother+名词复数+in(of)...比其他……都……形容词和副词最高级的用法：结构意思...oneofthe+最高级+名词复数之一...最高级+of(in)...可以转换为：...比较级+thananyother+n.(单数)+in(of)...最……比……任何一个都……Thisis/wasthe+最高级+名词+that定语从句/...be+序数词+最高级+可数名词的单数+in(of).../4.注意：(1)有的词既是副词又是形容词。如：fast,late,hard,early,deep...(2)hard既是形容词也是副词,作形容词时意为“困难的；艰苦的；坚硬的”，作副词时意为“努力地；猛烈地”。hardly的意思是“几乎不”,它和hard的意思完全不同。如：Hestudieshard.他努力学习。Hehardlystudies.他几乎不学习。(3)有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。一般在形容词词尾加上-ly构成。如：careful→carefully，bad→badly，free→freely，slow→slowly(4)在比较级前可以用even，abit，alittle，alot,much,still,far等修饰。如：Heisfarhealthierthanbefore.IwritemuchmorewordsthanSally.一、写出下列形容词或副词的最高级形式1.close_______________________________ 2.creative______________________________3.funny_______________________________ 4.friendly_____________________________5.good_______________________________ 6.boring_______________________________7.little_______________________________ 8.easy_______________________________9.bad_______________________________ 10.fresh_______________________________11.many_______________________________12.dry_______________________________13.interesting____________________________14.well_____________________________ 15.useful_____________________________16.beautifully__________________________17.careful_____________________________18.slowly ____________________________19.far_______________________________20.wet_______________________________二、副词的构成形容词类型构成相应副词的方法举例一般情况在形容词后直接加-lyquick—__________slow—___________以y结尾的形容词先将y改成i,再加-lyhappy—__________busy—__________绝大多数以e结尾的形容词 直接加-lypolite—_________wide—__________少数以e结尾的形容词要去掉e再加-lytrue—_________terrible—________特殊情况与形容词同形earlyadj.—___________.highadj.—___________.三、形容词副词常用结构1，A>B比较级+than2，A=Bas…as3,A<Bnotas(so)….as 4,比较级的修饰语有than:much,even,alittle,alot,+比较级5,比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越”warmerandwarmer,nicerandnicer,moreandmorebeautiful,The+比较级，the+比较级表示“越来越”themore，thebetter.6,表示“最……之一”，用oneof+最高级+复数名词；基本句型训练：1.他多么的开心啊！______________________heis!2.他玩得多么开心了。______________________heisplaying!3.我觉得英语和语文一样重要。Inmypointofview,Englishis__________________________Chinese.4.我姐姐我细心得多。Mysisteris_____________________________thanme.5.他妈妈很高兴。看！她正开心地在房间唱歌。Hismotherisvery__________.Look!She_____________________________intheroom.6.老师告诉我们一些有趣的事情Theteachertoldus_____________________.7.这石头太重我帮不动Thestoneis__________________________________________carry.8.这音乐听起来很美妙Themusic______________________.9.那个公园变得越来越美丽。Theparkisgetting____________________________.10.雨正变得越来越大。Therainisbecoming_____________________.11.你吃的越多就越胖。__________youeat,___________youwillbe.12.这本书比那本书难Thebookis_________________________thatone13.中山是中国最美丽的城市之一。Zhongshanisoneof____________________________citiesinChina.14这本书比那本书更有得多趣。Thisbookis______________________________________________thatone.15.这本书不及那本书有趣。Thisbook_________________________________________thatone四、选择题1（2023·江苏扬州）—Ilikeyourteapot.Ithasaveryfunnybutinterestingshape.—Thankyou.It’saworkofart,butitisalso________forteamaking.A.natural B.practical C.equal D.general2.(2023·湖北鄂州)—IsJulieastallasyou?—No,sheisn’t.She’s________thanme.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.thetallest3.(2023·湖北黄石)InSwitzerland,keepingonlyonegoldfishisn’tallowed,becauseitisverybadtomakesuch________animalslivealone.A.lucky B.social C.patient D.dangerous4.(2023·湖北十堰市)—AsfarasIknow,thehigh-speedrailwayfromShiyantoXi’anwillbefinishedsoon.—Yeah.Itwillbemore________forustotraveltoXi’an.A.dangerous B.difficult C.convenient D.traditional5.(2023·江苏徐州)Mycousinis________.Heneverforgetsthethingsheneedstodo.A.energetic B.curious C.organized D.confident6.(2023·江苏无锡)Dressingupasaghostis________unusualinourculture.Peoplethinkitwillbringbadluck.A.hardly B.hard C.highly D.high7.(2023·安徽)—Campingtripsinspringhavebecomevery________insouthernChina.—Exactly.That’sbecausetheseareashavewarmerweatherandanearlierfloweringseason.A.hot B.safe C.cheap D.hard8.(2023·安徽)Frommychildhood,I________remembermyparentsworkingharddayandnight.A.clearly B.patiently C.suddenly D.politely9.(2023·沈阳)Thedeliciousfoodand________waitersmadeushappywiththerestaurant.A.slow B.tired C.awful D.polite10.(2023·山东滨州)—HowamazingChatGPTis!—Yes.Thenewinventionmakesitquite________forpeopletowritepapersandstories.A.late B.simple C.natural D.difficult11.(2023·山东滨州)—Father’sDayisaroundthecorner,butIdon’thavemoneytobuyagiftformydad.—Whynotmakeacardbyyourself?Hewill________loveit.A.widely B.smoothly C.hardly D.certainly12.(2023·山东青岛)Weshouldeat________fruitandvegetablestokeephealthy.A.free B.fresh C.soft D.sweet13.(2023·北京)—Whichdoyoulike________,swimmingorskating?—Swimming.A.well B.better C.best D.thebest14.—Beinghomesickisafeeling________tomanypeopleintheworld.—Yes.That’swhymanypoetsworldwidehavewrittenaboutthistopic.A.similar B.common C.close D.strange15.—It’ssaidthatpeopleusuallyraisetheirvoicewhentellingalie.—That’sprobablybecausetheyare________.A.angry B.uneasy C.excited D.surprised16.Clearwatersandgreenmountainsareas________asmountainsofgoldandsilver.A.silent B.general C.valuable D.private17.—Whatdoyouthinkofthemaninthetalentshow?—Heisso________.Hecanmakedifferentchangingpictureswithsand.A.common B.creative C.careless D.helpful18.—Danielcangetgoodmarksinallhissubjects,buthenevershowsoffandalwayshelpsothers.—Icannotagreewithyoumore.Heisa________boy.A.patient B.generous C.curious D.modest19.Teenagersshouldn’tspendplentyoftimeon________products.Theyarebadforeyes.A.national B.basic C.electronic D.natural20.Some________informationlikefingerprintscanhelpthepolicefindtherealcriminal.A.national B.musical C.personal D.social21.—Anne,theinformationisreally________.Thankyouverymuch.—Notatall.IamhappyIcanhelpyou.A.enjoyable B.available C.valuable D.comfortable22.It’s________topushinbeforeotherswhilewaitingforthebus.A.impossible B.impatient C.impolite D.inconvenient23.Doyouknowyogurtwasa(n)________invention?Whenpeoplepackedmilkwithbags,thegerms(细菌)reactedwiththemilk,andyogurtcameintobeing.A.correct B.accidental C.patient D.strong24.We’renotvery________friendsthoughwe’veknowneachotherforalongtime.A.serious B.creative C.close D.fresh25.—Becarefulwhenyouaredriving,____________inarainstormlikethis.Thanks,Iwill.A.especially B.properly C.probably D.frequently26.—Doesyourbrotherlikehisnewjob?—Ithinkso.Heworks________,buthefeels________.A.hard;happily B.hard;happy C.hardly;happily D.hardly;happy27.—Tom,haven'tyouhelpedyourparentsdothehousework_______?—Yes,I'vehelpedthemwashthedishes_______.A.already;yet B.yet;yet C.already;already D.yet;already28.Shanghaiisalargeandmoderncity,butitalsohaslotsof________places.A.history B.historical C.famous D.morefamous29.Allthe________thingsneedairandwater.Withoutairorwater,nothingcouldstay________.A.living;living B.living;alive C.alive;alive D.alive;living30.Myfathertooksome________actionstoloseweight.Forexample,heatesmallbuthealthymealsandtookexerciseeveryday.A.powerful B.peaceful C.pleasant D.practical31.The________lookonhisfacesuggestedthathe________that.A.surprising;hadn’texpected B.surprised;hadn’texpectedC.surprising;wouldexpect D.surprised;shouldn’texpect32.—Areyougoingtotheairportbybus?—No,I’mgoingtotakeataxi.It’s________.A.quicker B.cheaper C.thequickest D.thecheapest33.“Excuseme,istherealibrarynearhere?”thegirlasksme________.A.widely B.politely C.nearly D.hardly34.Takeyourhomework________everyday.Ibelieveyoucanimproveyourselfalot.A.comfortably B.truly C.cheaply D.seriously35.Ican________workoutthesemathproblems.They’rejusttoohard.A.simply B.easily C.hardly D.gradually36.The“doublereduction”(双减)policymakesitpossibleforstudentstohavemore________timetodooutdooractivities.A.spare B.proud C.central D.absent37.—Ourlifewillbemore________if5Gtechnologyisusedwidely.—Yes,Iquiteagreewithyou.A.unusual B.general C.active D.convenient38.—Nelly,wereyou________attheresultofthesingingcompetition?—Yes.Wethoughtitwasa________result.A.surprising;surprised B.surprised;surprisingC.surprising;surprising D.surprised;surprised39.________wetakesubwaysinthefuture,________airpollutiontherewillbeinourcity.A.Theless;thefewer B.Thefewer;themore C.Themore;theless D.Thefewer;thefewer40.—Whatdoyouthinkofthesoapoperas?—Ithinktheyare________.Idon'tlikethematall.A.serious B.meaningless C.enjoyable D.educational41.Justbe________,youcan’tmakesuchgreatprogressinaday.Ittakestime.A.honest B.humorous C.active D.patient42.Toprotecttheenvironment,we’dbettertakeour________bagswhenwegoshopping.A.believable B.enjoyable C.reusable D.comfortable43.—Whosings________ofthethreegirls?—Mary.Ithinknoonesings________beautifullythanher.A.better;themost B.better;more C.thebest;themost D.thebest;more44.________news!Tomhaswonthe________race.A.Whatexcited;800metres’ B.Whatexciting;800-metreC.Howexcited;800-metre D.Howexciting;800metres’45.—Guangzhouisoneof________citiesinChina.—Yes,andit’swarminwinter.A.themostbeautiful B.morebeautiful C.verybeautiful D.muchbeautiful46.—What’syourpredictionaboutthefuture,Jill?—Wewillhave________worktodobecause________robotswillhelpus.A.less;more B.more;less C.more;more D.less;less47.Wechatis________ofthetwowaystotalkwithfriends.A.themorepopular B.morepopular C.themostpopular D.mostpopular48.Cindyisa________volleyballstarandsheplaysvolleyballvery________.A.well;good B.good;well C.well;well D.good;good49.TheYangtzeRiverisoneof________intheworld.A.thelongerriver B.longestrivers C.thelongestriver D.thelongestrivers50.Nanjingisthesecond________cityinEastChina.A.larger B.largest C.morelarge D.mostlarge51.Mymomisa________cook.Shecooks________.A.good;well B.well;well C.good;good D.well;good52.Mybrotherisoften_______fromfamilymeetingsbecauseheistoobusy.A.absent B.available C.nervous D.terrible53.HanMingdidn’tlikemathatfirst,buthe________becameinterestedinitwiththehelpofhisteacher.A.especially B.gradually C.seriously D.clearly54.Sandy,youhaven’tchangedatall.Youstilllook________thesameasbefore.A.recently B.finally C.exactly D.hardly55.Theoldmanlivesina________town.Helives________,buthedoesn’tfeel________.A.lonely,lonely,alone B.lonely,alone,lonelyC.alone,alone,lonely D.alone,alone,alone56.WhenJudyfirstcametoChina,shefoundthecountrywas______thewayhergrandfatherdescribed:beautifulandpeaceful.A.curiously B.exactly C.probably D.properly57.Theboytriedoutfortheschoolfootballteam________becausehewasinterestedinit.A.hardly B.nearly C.simply D.specially58.IfoneofyourfriendssendsyouamessagetoborrowmoneyontheInternet,you’dbetterphonehim________firsttomakesureofthat.A.recently B.directly C.finally D.exactly59.Ican’ttellwhenthehousewasbuilt________,butitmustbeveryold.A.wonderfully B.differently C.exactly D.recently60.Mymother________useselectronicproductsbecauseshethinkstheyarebadforhereyes.A.usually B.seldom C.often D.always61.—Itisreportedthatadriverhelpedputoutthefireinacaronthehighway.—Yes,themanleft________,andnobodyknowswhoheis.A.slowly B.happily C.silently D.nervously62.Ihaven’theardfrommyson________.I’mworriedabouthim.A.recently B.suddenly C.properly D.quickly63.—Jim,youlookworried.Whathappened?—I________forgottodohomework.I’mafraidMr.Leewillgetangrywithme.A.exactly B.normally C.completely D.wisely64.WehavebeentotheChinaFolkCultureVillages________.A.lately B.late C.latest D.last65.—HowisSue?—Oh,shelivesabroad,soI________everseeher.A.hardly B.greatly C.nearly D.clearly59.Tomanypeople’ssurprise,stinkyLuosifenhasnowbecomethemostpopularsnack,butmanyothers,________theyoung,loveitsomuchthattheywishtohaveiteveryday.A.specially B.especially C.probably D.possibly66.—Canyoufinishyourworkontime?—Iamafraidnot.Mycomputerhasn’tworked_____