江苏省七市高三英语第三次调研考试试题（含解析）

江苏省七市2021届高三英语第三次调研考试试题（含解析）注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Dry. B.Rainy. C.Sunny.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youaskedmetotellyouwhenitstopsraining.M:Andhasit?Ineedasunnydaytodosomepaintingoutside.W:Notyet,buttheforecastsaysitwillbedryandsunnytomorrow.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendidthewomanfirstcall?A.Inthemorning. B.Intheafternoon. C.Intheevening.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Mr.Murphy.Icalledyouatbreakfasttimeandagainafterlunch.Myfridgeneedsanurgentrepair.M:OK.I'mhavingdinnernow,butI'lleoutstraightafterwards.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatcoloristhecar?A.Black. B.Grey. C.Blue.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ithoughtyoudidn'tlikecarsinthatcolor.Yousaidthereweresomanybluecarsonthestreet,andyouthoughttheywereboring.W:Butthisisaspecialone.M:Ilikedtheblackonewesawyesterday.ThegreyonewasOKaswell.4.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendidtheboystartplayingfootball?A.At7p.m. B.At8p.m. C.At9p.m.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:einsidenow.You’vebeenplayingfootballfortwohours.It'stimeforbed.M:OhMom,it'sonlynineo'clock.Noneofmyfriendsevergotobedbeforeten.W:Maybenoneofthemhavetobeupasearly.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Learningaline. B.Shootingafilm. C.Buyingacamera.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Cut.Startfromthetop!Leo,please,let'strythatlineagainwithmoreenthusiasm.M:I'mtrying.It'sgettinglate,andwe'vebeenshootingthissceneforhours.W:Yourcharacterisfallinginlove.Showussomeemotion!Cameramen,getreadytoshoot!第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howmanycandleshasthewomanordered?A.5. B.10. C.50.7.Whatwillthemandotohelpthewoman?A.He'llcanceltheorder. B.He'lltakethecandlesback. C.He'llgivethewomanfreecandles.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Iplacedanorderonyourwebsiteforsomecandles,butIneedtocancelit.M:Howe?W:Well,Iwasonlytryingtobuyfivecandles,butIaddedazeroattheendbymistake.M:Ohdear!Letmelogontothesystemandcheckwhethertheyhavebeenshippedornot.W:Ihopenot.Idon'tknowwhatI'ddowiththatmany.M:Youcouldgivethemawayaspresentsforfree.Haha!I'mjustkidding.We'dtakethemback.W:That'sarelief.M:Goodnews.Theyhaven'tbeenshippedyet,soI'llcanceltheorder.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Thepanyisbeingsold.B.Thepanyisturningaprofit.C.Thepanyismakingjobcuts.9.Whoisthemanspeakingto?A.Hisboss. B.Hisclient. C.Hiscoworker.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:ein,Adam.Please,takeaseat.M:Thanks.W:Don'tbenervous.You'renotinanytrouble.M:Iappreciateyousayingthat,butconsideringthebudgetcuts,I'mnotexpectinggoodnews.W:Thereisgoodnewsandbadnews.Thegoodnewsisthatnoonewillbefiredwithinyourteam.M:Theywillberelieved.Butwhat'sthebadnews?W:Oneoftheotherteamsisgoingtoberemoved.Youknow,ithasbeenadifficultdecision,butwehadtolookatwhatisbestforthebusiness.Unfortunately,theyarenotdeliveringthefiguresasyouare.M:WhatifItookovertheirteamtemporarily,totryandgetthemtoourlevel?W:Wouldyoubewillingtodothat?M:Absolutely,ifitmeanstheycouldkeeptheirjobs.Well,Icangiveitashot.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Howmanyshopsdidthespeakersmentionatfirst?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.11.Whatdidtheshopnexttothepostofficeoncesell?A.Shoes. B.Food. C.Phones.12.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthechanges?A.Sad. B.Grateful. C.Optimistic.【答案】10.B11.A12.A【解析】【原文】M:DoyouknowthebigshopontheHighStreet?W:Whichonedoyoureferto?Theonenexttothepostoffice?Theoneonthecorner?Theonewithroundwindows?ThereareseveralbigshopsontheHighStreet.M:Theonewiththewindowsandtheoneonthecornerhavebothbeenchangedintoofficesnow.Imeananotherone.W:Ohyes,Iknow.Iboughtmybootsthere.M:Yes,that'stheone.Everyoneusedtohavetheirkids'feetmeasuredthere.Theyhadsomeniceshoesbutalittleoldfashioned.W:So,whatdoyouwanttotellmeabouttheshop?M:Well,IwasdowntherethismorningandInoticedithasnowbeendividedintotwo,withoneshopsellingphonesandtheothersellingorganicfood.W:Oh,that'ssuchashame.Allthetown'slovelyoldbusinessesaredisappearing.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inamuseum. B.Onahill. C.Inapark.14.Whyisthemanhot?A.Heisill. B.Theweatherishot. C.Hehasbeenclimbing.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthemuseum?A.Interested. B.Bored. C.Upset.16.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Goinghome. B.Takingaphoto. C.Goingbackdown.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Iwonderwhobuiltthisplace.M:Didn'tyoureadthesignatthebottomofthehill?W:No,whatdiditsay?M:I'mnotgoingbackdowntheretoreaditforyou.I'moverheatingafterclimbinguphere.W:Theexercisewillbegoodforusonsuchacoldday.M:Maybe.Anyway,thesignsaidthiswasthepartthatwasbuiltfirst.Therestofthecastlecamearound200yearslaterandtheouterwallsweredownthereinthepark.W:It'sapitytherearejustemptybuildingsherenow.I'dbegladtohaveseenthethingstheyhadinside.M:Wecanlookaroundthemuseumlater.Theyhavesomethingsthere.W:Ohgreat!Inevergetboredlookingatthingslikethat.Ilovethehistoryoftheseplaces.M:Metoo.It'samazingtothinkofthepeoplewhowalkedonthislandandhowdifferentlifewasforthembackintheolddays.W:CanItakeyourphotohere?M:Yes,andthenlet'sclimbthestepstothetopofthetower.Theviewfromtherewillbefantastic.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whoisallowedtostartastudentclub?A.A1styearstudent. B.A3rdyearstudent. C.A5thyearstudent.18.Whatskillcanyoulearnthroughparticipatinginassociations?A.Concentration. B.Timemanagement. C.Administration.19.Howmuchstartingcapitalcouldanewassociationgetpreviously?A.$1,000. B.$1.500. C.$2,0020.Whoisprobablygivingthetalk?A.Astudent. B.Apresident. C.Aprofessor.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】Wethankeveryonewhoisinterestedinestablishingastudentassociationattheuniversity.Therearesomeimportantthings,includingchangestotherulesandfees.

Firstly,youallknowthatanybodycouldstartacluborassociationpreviously.However,startingfromthisyear,youmusthavesuccessfullypletedatleastoneyearofstudiesandhavenotbeenastudentformorethan4years.Thereasonisthatwewantallourstudentstofocusontheirstudies,andnotgetdisturbedbyoutsideactivities.

However,joiningstudentclubsisagreatwaytolearncareerskillslikeorganizationandleadership.Secondly,theuniversityadministrationwillnolongerprovideeveryneworganizationwith$1500.Instead,thestartingcapitalwillbe$10pernewmember,upto$2000.Itdoesn'tmatterifyouhavemorethan200membersinyournewclub.Thesearethemajorchanges,andweareconfidentthattheywillimprovestudentlifeandhelpambitiousyoungstudentsbeactiveoncampus.

Personally,IhavealonghistoryattheUniversityofTuscaloosa,firstasastudentnowasaprofessor.Throughoutthetime,Ihavebeenalwaysinvolvedinclubsandassociationshere,bothforstudentsandstaff.So,Iunderstandtheirvalue.Ifyouhaveanyfurtherquestions,pleasetakealookatthebrochureormeetmeatmyofficetonightat6p.m.,whereIwillbeansweringquestionspersonally.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheLondonEyeremainstemporarilyclosedbutinlinewiththeGovernment'sroadmapoutoflockdownweplantoreopenfrom17thMay.Youcanprebooknow.Furtherinformationcanbefoundhere.WhattoExpectTheLondonEyesoars443feeintotheskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.Sinceopeningin2000,ithasbeenusedasabackdropincountlessfilmsandislovedbyBritonsandvisitorsalike.ThisistheUK'smostpopularvisitorattraction,visitedbyover3.5millionpeopleayear.EachLondonEyecapsuleholdsupto25passengersfortably.Allcapsulesarefullyairconditionedandrotate(旋转)onaspecialdevicedesignedtokeepeveryoneuprightasthewheelmakesaslowbutprogressiverotation.Thefullrotationlasts30minutesofaneverchangingviewofthisdynamiccity.OpeningTimes■SeptembertoMay10:00am—8:00pmdaily■June10:00am—9:00pmdaily■July10:00am—9:30pmdaily■August10:00am—8:30pmdaily■NotopenonChristmasDayorduringmaintenanceperiod.TicketPricesAdult:Child(515years):Childunder5years:freeBookingline■9:00amto5:00pmMondaytoSunday■Telephone:0870500060021.WhichofthefollowingdoestheLondonEyerideoffer?A.A30minutefastrotation.B.Aninsightintoitslonghistory.C.A360°movingviewofthecity.D.Anonchargeableadmission.22.WhenistheLondonEyeopeninJanuary?A.10:00am—8:00pm.B.100am9:00pm.C.10:00am—9:30pm.D.10:00am—8:30pm.23.What'sthechargeforayoungcouplewitha5yearoldboywhovisitonthereopening【答案】21.C22.A23.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了伦敦眼计划从5月【21题详解】细节理解题。根据WhattoExpect部分的“TheLondonEyesoars443feeintotheskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.(伦敦眼高达443米，视野遍布25英里。)”可知伦敦眼可展示360度视角下的城市。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据OpeningTimes部分的第一行“SeptembertoMay10:00am—8:00pm（九月份至五月份，每天早上十点到晚上八点。）”可知，它在一月份的早上十点到晚上八点开放。故选A项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“weplantoreopenfrom17thMay.(我们打算从五月十七号开始重新开放）”，以及TicketPrices部分的第一个方框“Adult(成年人），ApriltoDecember£15.50(四月至十二月，十五点五英镑)”，以及第二个方框“Child(515years)(孩子5至15岁），ApriltoDecember£7.75(四月至十二月，英镑）”，合计票价为英镑，可知，他们的费用是英镑，故选D项。BIt'sthenearfuture.Animalpopulationshavefallensharplyand80%ofspeciesareextinct.Theforestsaresorarethatyouneedtomakeabookingtovisitone.Birdsalsofaceextinction.TheArcticterns,aspeciesevolvedtoflyacrosstheworldon4000kmannualjourneys，areontheirlastmigration(迁徙)toAntarctica.TheLastMigrationbytheSydneybasedwriterCharlotteMcConaghyisadifferentsortofclimatenovel，oneinwhichtheheroine's(女主人公)damagedsoulisasmuchastoryasthedamagedenvironmentThisisMcConaghy'sfirstworkofliteraryfiction,afterahistorypublishinginsciencefictionandaromanticfantasyseries."Iwantedtotryandengagewiththeclimatecrisisclosely,"shesaid."It'shardtonaildownwherehebookcamefrom.ButIhadToniMorrison'swordsinmyhead:'Ifthere'sabookyoureallywanttoread,butihasn'tbeenwrittenyet,thenyoumustwriteit.'Ilovethat.Itreallyspeakstome.""IwantedtowriteaboutthewaythenaturalworldisdisappearingbutIdidn'tknowawayin."Thewayin”,shesays,wasto"gotravelling.IwenttoIrelandandIceland,andthoughtabouttheseincrediblejourneysoftheternsandthesepeoplewhostudyhesjourneys."Thebookbecameastoryofadoublejourney:themigrationofthebirds,andabrokenwoman'stravellingtotheendoftheearth.Muchofthebookistoldinflashbacks,theactionjumpingbetweenthesouthcoastofNewSouthWalestothewestcoastofIrelandandtoGreenland."I'vealwaysbeenfascinatedwithIreland:thelandscape,thepeopleandthepoetryandmusic.Iwasfascinatedwithwritingacharacterfromthere.Itwasawaytoconnectmorewiththeplace."McConaghysaysshealsowantedtohaveacharacterwhowas"oftwoplaces"."Ihadlivedin21housesbythetimeIwas21,asaresultIdefinitelyknowhowitfeelstofeelasifyouarenotsurewhereyoubelongandfeelingasifyouarebetweentwoworlds."24.HowisTheLastMigrationdifferentfromotherclimatenovels?A.Itforecastsenvironmentaldestruction.B.Itfeaturesabird'scrosscontinentalmigration.CItbinessciencefictionwellwithromanticfantasy.D.Itattachesequalimportancetotheheroine'sbrokensoul.25.WhatdidMcConaghythinkofToniMorrison'swords?A.Inspirational. B.Onesided. C.Authoritative. D.Casual.26.WhydidMcConaghygotravelling?A.ToappreciatethelandscapeofIreland.B.Tofollowthemigrationofthebirds.C.Togetawayfromhertiresomelife.D.Tofindideasforhernewbook.27.Howmightacharacter"oftwoplaces"feel?A.Contentandcarefree.B.Moreconnectedwithnature.C.Lackinginasenseofbelonging.D.Knowledgeableabouttheworld.【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了悉尼作家夏洛特麦康奈的小说《最后的迁徒》，作者在书中通过环境问题表达了自己的担忧，让我们更加了解自然界。24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“TheLastMigrationbytheSydneybasedwriterCharlotteMcConaghyisadifferentsortofclimatenovel，oneinwhichtheheroine's(女主人公)damagedsoulisasmuchastoryasthedamagedenvironment”（悉尼作家夏洛特·麦康奈的《最后的迁徙》是一部不同的气候小说，书中女主

人公受损的灵魂和受损的环境一样）。可知，作者将女主角受损的灵魂和恶化的环境一样重视。所以D选项：它同样重视女主人公破碎的灵魂。是《最后的迁徙》与其他气候小说的不同，故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。结合第四段的“ButIhadToniMorrison'swordsinmyhead:'Ifthere'sabookyoureallywanttoread,butihasn'tbeenwrittenyet,thenyoumustwriteit.'Ilovethat.Itreallyspeakstome.(但我脑子里有托尼·莫里森的话：“如果有一本书你真的想读，但我还没有写，那么你必须写。”“我很喜欢它。这真的是在对我说话”)”可见作者认为McConaghy话很鼓舞人心。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“IwantedtowriteaboutthewaythenaturalworldisdisappearingbutIdidn'tknowawayin."Thewayin”,shesays,wasto"gotravelling.(我想写一下自然世界的消失方式，但我不知道如何消失。她说，进去的方式是“去旅行”。)”可知作者旅行的目的就是寻找写作素材和灵感。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第一段的“Idefinitelyknowhowitfeelstofeelasifyouarenotsurewhereyoubelongandfeelingasifyouarebetweentwoworlds(我绝对知道你不确定自己属于哪里，感觉自己在两个世界之间的感觉)”可推断，在两个世界导致不确定自己的口所属地，也就是缺乏归属感。可知，一个处于“两个地方”的角色是缺乏归属感的角色。故选C。CBabieswhofrequentlymunicatewiththeircaregiversusingeyecontactandvocalisations(发声)attheageofonearemorelikelytodevelopgreaterlanguagesskillsbythetimetheyreachtwo,accordingtonewresearch.Inthestudy,researcherslookedat11and12monthodbabies'vocalisations.gesturesandgazebehaviours,andathowtheircaregiversrespondedtothem.Tomeasureheinteractions,theresearchersvideoedinfants(婴儿)andcaregiverathome,andaskedthemtoplayasusual.TheytookthoserecordingsbacktotheuniversityThescientiststhenusedstatisticalmodelstofindthatthebestpredictorofvocabularyat24monthswaswheninfantswereseentousevocalsatiomswhilelookingattheircaregiver'sfacewhentheywereaboutayearold.Thebenefitswereevengreaterwhentheseinteractionswerefollowedbyresponsesfromthecaregiver.Thestatisticsshowedthatat19months,childrenhadanaverageofabout100words.Thosewhoexhibitedthebeneficialinteractivebehaviourearlierinlifewereseentohaveanaverageofabout30extrawords."Themessageofthispaperisthatitistheresultofajointeffort;noticingwhatyourchildisattendingtoandtalkingtothemaboutitwillsupporttheirlanguagedevelopment."saidMcGillion,acoauthorofthework."Thejoyofthismessageisthatthatcanhappeninanycontext...acrossanypartofyourday.It'snotsomethingthatrequiresspecialequipmentorevenlotsoftime.Icanhappenwhenyou'redoingthelaundry,forexample—whenyou'retakingoutthesocks,youcantalkaboutsocks...inthepark,inthecar,atmealtimes,atbathtimes.Thisfindingcanbeusedinanycontext,"addedMcGillion."Thisisadevelopmentalsnapshotinthefirstyearoflife,butchildrenareconstantlygrowingandchangingandsoaretheirbehaviours.Itwouldbeinterestingtolookatthesesortsofbehavioursagainaschildrenprogressthroughthesecondyearoflifetoseewhat'shappeningthere,"saidDonnellan,theleadauthoronthestudy.28.Howdidtheresearchersgetthefindings?A.Byinteractingwithbabies.B.Byaskingbabiestovocalize.C.Byanalyzingrelevantrecordings.D.Byreferringtothepreviousstatistics.29.Whatdoesheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph5mean?A.Infants'eyecontact.B.Infants'largervocabulary.C.Theresponsefromcaregivers.D.Thebestpredictorofvocabulary.30.WhatdidMcGilionsayaboutinfants'interactivebehaviour?A.I'seasytoperform.B.It'splextounderstand.C.It'sdifficulttocopy.D.It'sinterestingtovideo.31.Whatmightfurtherstudiesbeon?A.Children'sacademicprogress.B.Children'sgrowingenvironment.C.Children'spotentialphysicaldevelopment.D.Children'sbehavioursacrossmoreageranges.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要研究了婴儿的语言技能与护理者之间的互动的关系，得出的结论是：和孩子的眼神以及语言交流越多，孩子的语言能力就越好。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中句子“Babieswhofrequentlymunicatewiththeircaregiversusingeyecontactandvocalisations(发声)attheageofonaremorelikelytodevelopgreaterlanguagesskillsbythetimetheyreachtwo,accordingtonewresearch.”（一项新的研究表明，婴儿在一岁的时候经常笑并与他们的照顾者使用目光接触和交流发声更有可能使他们在两岁的时候产生更大的语言技能。）可知，研究人员通过一项新的研究研究出了和孩子的眼神以及语言交流越多，孩子的语言能力就越好。故选C项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Thosewhoexhibitedthebeneficialinteractivebehaviourearlierinlifewereseentohaveanaverageofabout30extrawords.”（那些更早展示有益的互动行为的婴儿获得了更多的词汇量。）和第五段中句子“Themessageofthispaperisthatitistheresultofajointeffort”（它是一个共同努力的结果。）可知，这里的“它”指代的是前文婴儿更大的词汇量。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第六段第一句“Thejoyofthismessageisthatthatcanhappeninanycontext...acrossanypartofyourday.It'snotsomethingthatrequiresspecialequipmentorevenlotsoftime.Icanhappenwhenyou'redoingthelaundry,forexample—whenyou'retakingoutthesocks,youcantalkaboutsocks...inthepark,inthecar,atmealtimes,atbathtimes.”（MG说,这种信息的交流可以在一天中的任何时刻发生,无论是在洗衣房,还是在公园,在车里,在吃饭的时候,在洗澡的时候）可推测，这种互动的表现是很容易去执行的。因此选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句“Itwouldbeinterestingtolookatthesesortsofbehavioursagainaschildrenprogressthroughthesecondyearoflifetoseewhat'shappeningthere”（当孩子们在第二年的成长过程中再次观察这些行为，看看那里发生了什么，这将是一件很有趣的事情。”）可知，进一步的研究应该是去研究儿童在更多年龄段的行为。故选D项。DLightpollutionisasignificantbutoverlookeddriveroftherapiddeclineofinsectpopulations,accordingtothemostprehensivereviewofthescientificevidencetodate.Artificiallightatnightcanaffecteveryaspectofinsects'lives,theresearcherssaid."Westronglybelieveartificiallightatnight—inbinationwithhabitatloss,chemicalpollution.invasive(入侵的)species,andclimatechange—isdrivinginsectdeclines,"thescientistsconcludedafterassessingmorethan150studies.Insectpopulationcollapseshavebeenreportedaroundtheworld,andthefirstglobalscientificreviewpublishedinFebruary,saidwidespreaddeclinesthreatenedtocausea"catastrophiccollapseofnature'secosystems".Therearethoughttobemillionsofinsectspecies,moststillunknowntoscience,andabouthalfareactiveatnight.Thoseactiveinthedaymayalsobedisturbedbylightatnightwhentheyareatrest.Themostfamiliarimpactoflightpollutionismoths(飞蛾)flappingaroundabulb,mistakingitforthemoon.Someinsectsusethepolarisationoflighttofindthewatertheyneedtobreed,aslightwaveslineupafterreflectingfromasmoothsurface.Butartificiallightcanscupper(使泡汤)this.Insectsareimportantprey(猎物)formanyspecies,butlightpollutioncantipthebalanceinfavourofthepredatorifittrapsinsectsaroundlights.Suchincreasesinpredationriskwerelikelytocausetherapidextinctionofaffectedspecies,theresearcherssaid.Theresearcherssaidmosthumancausedthreatstoinsectshaveanaloguesinnature,suchasclimatechangeandinvasivespecies.Butlightpollutionisparticularlyhardforinsectstodealwith.However,unlikeotherdriversofdecline,lightpollutionisrelativelyeasytoprevent.Simplyturningofflightsthatarenotneededisthemostobviousaction,hesaid,whilemakinglightsmotionactivatedalsocutslightpollution.Shadinglightssoonlytheareaneededislitupisimportant.Itisthesamewithavoidingbluewhitelights,whichinterferewithdailyrhythms.LEDlightsalsoofferhopeastheycanbeeasilytunedtoavoidharmfulcoloursandflickerrates.32.Whatisdiscussedinthepassage?A.Causesofdeclininginsectpopulations.B.Consequencesofinsectpopulationcollapses.C.Lightpollution:thekeybringerofinsectdeclines.D.Insectdeclines:thedriverofthecollapsedecosystem.33.Whatisthe5thparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howlighttravelsinspace.B.Howlighthelpsinsectsfindfood.C.Howthefoodchainisinterrelated.D.Howlightpollutionaffectsinsects.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"analogues"inParagraph6probablymean?A.Selectivethings. B.Similarthings. C.Variations. D.Limitations.35.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Tooffersolutions.B.Togiveexamples.C.Tomakeparisons.D.Topresentarguments.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了光污染对昆虫减少的影响。【32题详解】主旨大意题。由文章总领段第一段“Lightpollutionisasignificantbutoverlookeddriveroftherapiddeclineofinsectpopulations,accordingtothemostprehensivereviewofthescientificevidencetodate.(根据对迄今为止的科学证据进行的最全面的回顾，光污染是昆虫数量迅速下降的一个重要但被忽视的驱动因素)”，结合下文内容主要围绕介绍光污染对昆虫减少的影响展开可知，本文主要讨论昆虫数量下降的原因。故选C项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第五段“Themostfamiliarimpactoflightpollutionismoths(飞蛾)flappingaroundabulb,mistakingitforthemoon.Someinsectsusethepolarisationoflighttofindthewatertheyneedtobreed,aslightwaveslineupafterreflectingfromasmoothsurface.Butartificiallightcanscupper(使泡汤)this.Insectsareimportantprey(猎物)formanyspecies,butlightpollutioncantipthebalanceinfavourofthepredatorifittrapsinsectsaroundlights.Suchincreasesinpredationriskwerelikelytocausetherapidextinctionofaffectedspecies,theresearcherssaid.(光污染最常见的影响是蛾子在灯泡周围飞来飞去，误以为是月亮。一些昆虫利用光的偏振来寻找它们繁殖所需的水，因为光波在光滑的表面反射后会排成一行。但人造光会破坏这一点。昆虫是许多物种的重要猎物，但如果光污染困住了在光周围的昆虫，那么这种平衡就会偏向捕食者。研究人员说，这种捕食风险的增加很可能导致受影响物种的迅速灭绝)”可知，第五段主要讲述的是光污染会让昆虫误把光滑的表面当成水面，在这里繁殖，而这更会让他们的天敌抓住他们，会导致昆虫的快速灭绝。可见这一段讲述的是光污染是如何影响昆虫的。故选D项。【34题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第六段“suchasclimatechangeandinvasivespecies.Butlightpollutionisparticularlyhardforinsectstodealwith.(比如气候变化和入侵物种。但是光污染对昆虫来说很难去应对解决)”可知，“气候变化”和“入侵物种”都是昆虫在自然界中会遇到的威胁，“气候变化”和“入侵物种”等此类威胁在大自然中是有analogues的，因此昆虫可以解决。言外之意就是说因为昆虫在大自然中经历过这种威胁，所以在人类带来的这些相似的威胁中，他们也可以应对，但“光污染”就很难去应对解决了。由此可猜测划线词应是相同、相似物的意思。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“However,unlikeotherdriversofdecline,lightpollutionisrelativelyeasytoprevent.(不像其他导致昆虫减少的因素，光污染相对容易去避免)”可以看出，这一段是在讲避免光污染的解决方法。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Intoday'sincreasinglypetitivesociety,peopleareloadedwithagrowingamountofstress.Stresscanaffecthowyoufeel,think,andbehave.___36___It'sworthtakingthetimetolearndifferentstrategiesformanagingyourstress.●Identifythecause.Ifyouarehavingproblemswithtensemuscles,overtirednessheadaches,itisquitepossiblystressrelated.Isityourjob,relationshiporsomethingelse?Problemscanbedividedintothreecategories:thosewithapracticalsolution,thosewillgetbetterwithtimeandthoseoutsideyourcontrol.___37___●Moveyourbody.Exercisewon'tcureyourstress,butitcanhelptocleanyourhead.Trysomethingnew:yogamaybecalming,butthere'snothingmorethrillingthanhittingapunchbag.Don'tworsenthestressbydrinkingandsmoking.___38___Theywillonlymakeyoufeelphysicallyandmentallyworse.___39___Ifyouarethekindofpersonwhoisopentoadviceplaintoafriendaboutyourstress.Friendscanworkasasupportgroup,andtheymayprovideyouwithsolutions.Sometimes,youcan'tseetheeasywayoutofsituationwhenyouarestandingrightinthemiddleofit.●Makealist.Havingtoomuchtodomaycauseyoutorusharoundbecause,ifyouaremovingfaster,itfeelsasifyouaregettingmoredone.___40___Makeatodolist.Dothebig,importantthingslast,afteryouhaveachievedseveralofthesmallthings.Thatway,youwillapproachthebigthingsalreadyfeelinggood.A.Talkitthrough.B.Beagoodlistener.C.Thesearen'tsolutions.D.Itpaystotrynewthings.E.Butthisisafalseimpression.F.Itcanalsoimpacthowyourbodyfunctions.G.Focusonthefirstkindandignoretheothers.【答案】36.F37.G38.C39.A40.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了面对压力的一些措施。【36题详解】根据上文“Intoday'sincreasinglypetitivesociety,peopleareloadedwithagrowingamountofstress.Stresscanaffecthowyoufeel,think,andbehave.(在当今竞争日益激烈的社会，人们承受着越来越多的压力。压力可以影响你的感觉、思考和行为)”以及后文“It'sworthtakingthetimetolearndifferentstrategiesformanagingyourstress.(值得花时间学习不同的压力管理策略)”可知，上文提到压力对人各方面的影响，后文则说值得花时间学习压力管理策略，可知本句应承接上文继续说明压力对人的影响，F选项中It指代上文Stress。故F选项“它也会影响你的身体功能”符合语境，故选F。【37题详解】根据上文“●Identifythecause.Ifyouarehavingproblemswithtensemuscles,overtirednessheadaches,itisquitepossiblystressrelated.Isityourjob,relationshiporsomethingelse?Problemscanbedividedintothreecategories:thosewithapracticalsolution,thosewillgetbetterwithtimeandthoseoutsideyourcontrol.(●确定原因。如果你有肌肉紧张、过度疲劳头痛的问题，那很可能是与压力有关的。是你的工作，感情还是别的什么?问题可以分为三类：那些有实际解决方案的问题，那些会随着时间变得更好的问题，以及那些你无法控制的问题)”可知，本段的主旨是确定压力产生的原因，且上文提到了三类问题，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明如何处理这些问题：专注于第一种，忽略其他。故G选项“专注于第一种，忽略其他”符合语境，故选G。【38题详解】根据上文“●Moveyourbody.Exercisewon'tcureyourstress,butitcanhelptocleanyourhead.Trysomethingnew:yogamaybecalming,butthere'snothingmorethrillingthanhittingapunchbag.Don'tworsenthestressbydrinkingandsmoking.(●锻炼身体。运动不能治愈你的压力，但它可以帮助清理你的头脑。尝试一些新的东西：瑜伽可能让人平静，但没有什么比打沙袋更让人兴奋的了。不要因为抽烟喝酒而加重压力)”可知，上文提到不要因为抽烟喝酒而加重压力，故本句承接上文说明原因：这些不是解决方案。C选项中These指代上文drinkingandsmoking。故C选项“这些不是解决方案”符合语境，故选C。【39题详解】根据后文“Ifyouarethekindofpersonwhoisopentoadviceplaintoafriendaboutyourstress.Friendscanworkasasupportgroup,andtheymayprovideyouwithsolutions.Sometimes,youcan'tseetheeasywayoutofsituationwhenyouarestandingrightinthemiddleofit.(如果你是那种愿意听取建议人，那就向朋友抱怨你的压力。朋友可以作为一个支持团体，他们可能会为你提供解决方案。有时候，当你站在困境的正中间时，你看不到摆脱困境的简单方法)”可知，后文提到通过向朋友倾诉自己的压力来缓解压力，即通过交谈来缓解压力，故A选项“好好谈一谈”符合语境，故选A。【40题详解】根据上文“●Makealist.Havingtoomuchtodomaycauseyoutorusharoundbecause,ifyouaremovingfaster,itfeelsasifyouaregettingmoredone.(●列一个列表。有太多事情要做可能会让你东奔西跑，因为如果你走得更快，就会感觉你完成的事情更多)”以及后文“Makeatodolist.Dothebig,importantthingslast,afteryouhaveachievedseveralofthesmallthings.Thatway,youwillapproa