高中英语选修7-unit1语法-动词不定式省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖课件

Unit1LivingwellLearningaboutLanguage1/751Fillinthetablebelow.

Youcanuse

thedictionarytohelpyou.NounAdjectiveambitiousabsentsuitabilitybenefitannoynanceambitionabsencesuitablebeneficialannoyed/annoying2/75NounAdjectiveclumsinessfirmnessnoisepsychologyencouragingclumsyfirmnoisypsychologicalencouragement3/751.Howdoyoumeasurethelengthofaraceroundaracetrack?2.Howwouldyoufeelifsomeonekepttalkingwhenyouweretryingtoread?2Answereachquestionbyusingacorrectnewwordinthisunit.lapannoyed4/75

3.Inwhatwaycanateachercheckifyouhavelearnedthenewwordsbyheart?4.Whatdoyoucallanitemwritteninadiaryorinadictionary?5.Whatkindofinstrumentdoesadoctorneedtoexaminevirusesinblood?dictationentrymicroscope5/756.Howdoyoudescribesomeonewhoishappytomeetnewpeople?7.Whatdoyoucallstudentsinthesameyeargroupandthesamesituationasyou?8.Whatdoyoucallthebehaviourofonestudenttoothers?outgoingfellowconduct6/753Completethispassageusingthewordsbelow.

Therewasatimewhenchildrenwithmentaldisabilitieswerepreventedfromlivinganormallife_____________.Theyusedto__________intheirownhomesafterbeingeducatedinspecialin

many

wayssit

aroundadapttocutoutinotherwordsoutofbreathsitaroundinmanywaysmakefunofallinall7/75schools.

Otherpeoplesometimes___________them.Butnowthingsarechanging.Therearetrainingprogrammesforyoungpeoplewithmentaldisabilities,whichhaveprovedverybeneficial.StudentslikeXieLi,mentallydisabledfrombirth,nowhaveachancetobecomeathletes.Butitisachallenge.Shehasto__________trainingprogrammesaswellasmixingwithotherable-bodiedathletes.makefunofadaptto8/75“XieLi’sconfidencehasgrown,”saidherfather.“Shelooksmuchbetterandisnotsooften___________afterhertraining.________hermotherandIareveryhappywithherprogress.”So,insteadof___________mainstreamactivities,mentallydisabledstudentscanbecomepartofthemainstream.______________theycanleadamorefulfillinglife.In

other

wordsoutofbreathAllinallcuttingout9/75RevisetheInfinitive

Unit1Grammar10/751.Itisgoodtohelpothers.2.Itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings.3.MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.Identifyitsfunction.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想11/754.Idon’thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.5.Iamtheonlystudentinmyclasstohaveapetsnake.6.Abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.7.MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam.(attribute)(attribute)(object)(object)12/758.Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife.9.SomedaysIamtootiredtogetoutofbed.10.Wemustcallonlocalgovernmentto

givefinancialassistancetodisabled

people.(adverbial)(adverbial)(objectcomplement)13/75动词不定式作用

FunctionsofInfinitive

1主语(subject)2表语(predicative)3宾语(object)4宾补(objectcomplement)5定语(attribute)6状语(adverbial)

7独立结构(absoluteconstruction)

14/751不定式作主语(subject)Tokeepsmiling

ishealthyforyou.It’simportanttolookupthenewwordsinthedictionary

whenyoustudyEnglish.单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式后置。15/75Myjobtoprotecttheworld.Myambitionisto_____________.is2不定式作表语(predicative)16/75

Seeingistobelieve.Toseeisbelieving.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.×√√×不定式惯用在系动词be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表语。Allyouhavetodois(to)finishthejobquickly.假如主语部分有个表示不定式内容do,用作表语不定式可省略to。17/75YaoMinglikestoplay

basketball.Ifinditstillnecessary(forhim)to_________ifhewantstowin.

3不定式作宾语(object)句型：think/consider/findit+adj.+todo18/75常接动词不定式作宾语动词有：agree,afford,appear,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,get,hate,hesitate,hope,hurry,intend,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish。19/75你记得哪一条路到那儿吗？

Doyourememberwhichwaytoget

there?

下一步干什么你决定了吗?Haveyoudecidedwhattodonext?

我来问他怎么样开这机器。

I’llaskhimhowtooperatethemachine.1)不定式有时和连接代词/副词组成宾语。20/752)有时不定式由whether引发。

Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughorcryaboutit.3)feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider

等动词后假如是不定式做宾语，补语是形容词(间或是名词)，惯用it作形式宾语，把不定式后移。

Ifinditdifficulttoworkwithhim.21/754不定式作宾补(objectcomplement)Mymumasksmetoplaythepiano

twohourseveryday.22/75Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.引导不定式作宾补动词：warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等+sbtodosth23/75

listento

hear

watch五看

see

lookat

observe

notice三使

let

make

have

二听一感觉:

feel+sbdosth（不带to）24/751.Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.但当以上动词用于被动式，to要还原：

MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek.

Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek.25/753不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,假如这些介词前有行为动词do各种形式,那么介词后不定式不带to,相反则带to。1.Shecoulddonothingbutcry.2.Ihavenochoicebuttogo.3.Whatdoyouliketodo

besidessleep.26/755不定式作定语(attribute)1.Kateislookingforasuitablecoattowear.2.Tomhasanicepentowritewith.27/751.不定式作定语与所修饰词之间有三种关系：Ihavealotofworktodo.我有很多工作要做。Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.他总是第一个来。Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.我们都有上大学机会。(1)动宾关系(2)主谓关系(3)同位关系28/752.当名词被thefirst,thelast,theonly等词以及形容词最高级修饰时eg:

Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.3.something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词惯用不定式做后置定语。29/75注意比较：1)Haveyouanythingtosend?

你有什么东西要寄吗？2)Haveyouanythingtobesent?

你有什么要（我或他人）寄东西吗？

（不定式tosend动作执行者是you）（不定式tobesent动作执行者是已被省略me或someoneelse）30/755.假如不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当介词。

Pleasepassmesomepapertowrite____.on4.也可用在have…todo和therebe

句型中。

Thereisnoonetotakecareofher.Ihavenojewelrytowear.31/75Igotupearlyto_____________.

Youcamehereto________.inorderto,soasto,enoughto,onlyto,too...tocatchthetrain

6不定式作状语(adverbial)在一些短语中也有表达32/75eg:Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.1.

表示目标:toinordertosoastoso/such…astodo不定式作状语33/752.

表示原因:

不定式能够用在作表语形容词后作状语,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed等。eg:I’mglad/pleasedtoseeyou.Weweresurprisedtohearthenews.34/75so+adj./adv.+astodo…such+adj.+n.+astodo…adj./adv.+enough+todotoo+adv./adj.+todo

Hewassofoolishastobelieveit.=Hewassuchafoolastobelieveit.=Hewasfoolishenoughtobelieveit.3.结果状语:常与only,enough或too连用Hestudiedhardonlytofailtheexam.35/75Totellthetruth,Iamnothappyatthemoment.tobefranktobehonesttotellthetruth7

独立结构(absoluteconstruction)

36/758.不定式否定结构：不定式否定结构多由“not+不定式”组成，否定副词not,never,seldom,hardly等要置于to前。请告诉你小孩不要在街上玩耍。Pleasetellyourchildnottoplayinthestreet.她检验名字为了不犯错误。Shecheckedthenamesso

as

not

tomakemistakes.37/75动词不定式时态和语态形式主动被动普通式进行式完成式完成进行式todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone38/75(1)Theypretendednottoseeus.(2)Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3)Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(普通式表示与谓语动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后。)(在谓语动词发生同时,不定式动作也正在进行。)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。)(4)We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwith

you.

(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续。)39/75不定式时态

不定式普通式todo

Iamgladtoseeyou.Hehasdecidedtogivehersomemoney.

表示动作通常与谓语所表示动作或状态同时或者几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。40/75不定式进行式tobedoingIamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.Hepretendedtobeworkinghardwhenhisbosspassedhim.表示动作通常与谓语动词表示动作同时发生。41/75不定式完成式tohavedoneHehappenedtohaveseenthefilmbefore.ThenovelisbelievedtohavebeentranslatedintoChinese.不定式所表示动作发生在谓语动作或状态之前。42/75Hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport,buthedidn’tgetthereintime.表示过去没有实现期待或者计划hoped,promised,wanted,wished,expected,planned…Hewouldliketohaveplayedtheviolinattheconcert.不定式完成式在wouldlike后边表示未能实现愿望。

43/75不定式语态主动语态todo被动语态tobedoneItisanhonorformetobeinvitedtoattendthemeeting.Everyonelikestheherotobepraised.44/75Weaskedhimtostaytillthenextday,butherefusedto.Areyouateacher?Yes,andIhavetobe.Whatwewanttodonowisliedownandhaveagoodrest.Ididn’tsayanythingbuttomakeagesture.省略to与省略do45/751.prefern.(doing)ton.(doing)2.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.3.wouldratherdo4.wouldrather+句子（虚拟语气）5.advise/allow/permit/forbidsb.todoadvise/allow/permit/forbiddoing固定词组和句型46/75

Thequestionisverydifficulttoanswer.Theproblemisdifficulttodealwith.1.主语＋be+adj.+todo能用于此句型形容词有:difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,pleasant,tiresome(使人疲劳),interesting,nice,heavy,dangerous,light,important,etc.主动形式表被动意义不定式47/75Theboxislightenoughtocarry.Theriverwateriswarmenoughto

swimin.2.主语+be+adj.+enough+todo

Thebooksseemedtooheavytocarry.Theiceistoothintoskateon.3.主语+be+too+adj.+todo48/751.LastsummerItookacourseon____.A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howdressestobemade课堂练兵49/752.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects3.Therearefivepairs____,butIamatalosswhichtobuy.AtobechosenBtochoosefromCtochooseDforchoosing50/754.Ifindtheseproblemsareeasy_____.A.tobeworkedoutB.toworkthemoutC.toworkoutD.tobeworkedthemout5.______lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept51/756.Iwouldlove_______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.havinggoneC.goingD.tohavegone7.Johnwasmade_____thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing52/758.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident

＿＿losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto9.Thepatientwaswarned_____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating53/751.____thiscake,you’llneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.(广东卷)A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making实战高考54/752.LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)_____birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.(重庆卷)A.issaidtobebuyingB.issaidtohaveboughtC.hadsaidtobuyD.hassaidtohavebought55/753.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_____.(全国卷)A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed56/754.–Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?–Yes.But______it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.(北京卷)A.tofindB.findC.tofindingD.finding57/755.Davidthreatened_______hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.(上海卷)A.tobereportedB.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported58/756.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_______withallbyourselveseveryday.(重庆卷)A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing59/757.Thechildrenallturned_______thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.(全国卷I)A.lookedatB.tolookatC.tolookingatD.lookat60/758.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.(全国I卷)A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.tohavebought61/759.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting____________.(江西卷)A.todiscover B.tobediscoveredC.discovered D.beingdiscovered62/7510.Wewereastonished_______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.(辽宁卷)A.findingB.tofindC.findD.tobefound63/7511.Ihavealotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm.(山东卷)A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted64/7512.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant___________.(四川卷)A.todealwithB.dealingwithC.tobedealtwithD.dealtwith65/751爱和被爱都是最大幸福。_____________________arebothgreathappiness.2听说他已经完成了他工作。Heissaid_________________________________.3依据报道他们已安全抵达。Theyarereported___________________.Toloveandtobelovedtohavefinished/completedhiswork翻译下面句子。tohavearrivedsafely66/754我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。Iwantthisbike___________________________________.5玛利好像已经被通知此事了。Maryseemed______________________.6众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。Heisknown_________________agoldmedalattheOlympics.toberepairedatoncetohavebeentoldaboutittohavebeengiven/immediately67/75Iwanttotellyousomething...Makeupashortpassageusingtheinfinitiveasmuchaspossible.Thebeginningofthepassageisgivenbelow.68/75ForexampleHi,Iwanttotellyousomething.IwillgotoRuianforshoppingthisafternoon.Doyouwanttogowithme?F