新世纪大学英语综合教程4课后答案

PAGE1Unit1Workingwithwordsandexpressions1.2.clozeTranslationAnswerstoUnit2Book4UnitTwoManandTechnologyWordsinActionWorkingwithWordsandExpressions1.1)monitor2)phenomenon3)isolation4)gradual5)opponent6)advent7)genetic8)consciously9)extreme10)nasty11)boom12)formal13)soar14)survey15)Similarly16)modify17)rough2.1)atthesametime2)arestuckwith3)forcertain4)makenodifference5)onaverage6)whenitcomesto7)dependson8)builtinto9)cometomind10)atworkIncreasingYourWordPower1.AdjectivesNounsAdjectivesNouns1)technologicaltechnology6)luxuriousluxury2)eternaleternity7)leisurelyleisure3)miraculousmiracle8)subjectivesubject4)relevantrelevance9)prosperousprosperity5)analyticalAnalysis10)innovativeinnovation2.2)multi-faith3)multiform4)multifunction5)multi-ethnic6)multilateral7)multi-lingual8)multimedia9)multimillionaire10)multinational1)amulti-faithsociety2)amulti-lingualsecretary3)amultimillionaire4)amultinationalmotor-manufacturingcorporation5)amultifunctionvideocamera6)amulti-ethniccommunity7)amultimediadictionary8)multi-culturaleducation9)amultilateraltradenegotiation10)multiformtechnologicalcooperation3.1)j2)c3)b4)i5)a6)g7)d8)e9)f10)h4.AdjectivesNounsAdjectivesNouns1)creativecreativity6)minorminority2)cruelcruelty7)originaloriginality3)equalequality8)purepurity4)locallocality9)regularregularity5)majormajority10)superiorsuperiority1)superiority2)equality3)originality4)minority5)Creativity6)purity7)crueltyGrammarReview1.1)Mymotherwouldnotbeworriedaboutmeifsheknewwhatmylifewaslike.2)Theywouldprobablyallowyoutodothejobifyouwereinbetterhealth.3)Theywouldn’tworkwithsuchenthusiasmiftheydidn’tknowwhattheywereworkingfor.4)IwouldhavetolookitupinthedictionaryifIdidn’tknowthemeaningoftheword.5)ShewouldunderstandwhatwesayifsheknewChinese.6)Iwouldbequitesatisfiedifyouspokewithgreateraccuracy.2.1)Ifweknewwherehewas,wewouldtrytogetintouchwithhim.2)Ifitwerenotfortheexpenseinvolved,wewouldgotherebyplane.3)Ifweweretomissthetrain,wewouldhavetowaitanotherfourhours.4)Ifwepooledallourresources,wewouldhaveenoughmoneytobuytheequipment.5)Ifhedidn’thaveastrongloveforthehandicappedchildren,hewouldn’tbeworkingsotirelesslyforthem.Cloze1)emphasize2)opposite3)improved4)luxuries5)benefited6)obviously7)consciously8)fractures9)eternal10)groundbreaking11)entitled12)correlation13)depends14)exclusivelyTranslation1.1)Hereallyknowsalotabouttheory,butwhenitcomestoactualwork,heseemstobequiteignorant.2)Thelatestsurveyshows/showedthatthemajorityofthecitizenssupport/supportedthegovernment’splantobuildanewlibrary.3)Thetwocountriescouldreachagreementsuccessfullyonscientificandtechnologicalcooperationbecauseseveralfactorsfavorabletotheircooperationhadbeenatwork.4)IsawthefilmwhenIwasintheprimaryschool,butthetitlejustwon’tcometomindforthemoment.5)Hehasbeenstuckwithheavydebtthoughheworksabouttwelvehourseverydayonaverage.6)Isitnecessarytoknowhisheight?Tome,itisnotrelevanttowhetherhecanbeagoodlawyerornot.7)Thecupboardisbuiltintothewallsothatitbothsavesspaceandisconvenienttouse.8)Theseworkersearnmorethanwedo,buttheothersideofthecoinistheirjobismoredangerous.9)Helenmajorsineconomicsattheuniversityandatthesametimeshestudiesphilosophyashersecondmajor.10)Whatismostimportantisthatyoumustfindoutandsolvetheproblemsbyyourselves.ItmakesnodifferencewhetherIgothereornot.2.Nowadays,manypeopleareenjoyingthebenefitsbroughtaboutbymaterialandtechnologicaladvancesunimaginableinpreviouseras.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,people’sstandardoflivingisgettinghigherandhigher.People’slifeexpectancyhassoared,too.However,oddlyenough,manypeopledonotfeelhappierthantheyusedtobe.Itcanbeseenthatthereisnoclosecorrelationbetweenpeople’sincomeandtheirhappiness.Happinesscannot,afterall,beboughtwithmoney.Althoughthemajorityofpeoplearenotverysatisfiedwiththeirlives,theyarehappytobealive,andthemoretimetheygetonearth,thebetterofftheyfeelthey’llbe.Whatisimportantisthatmaterialwealthisfarfromenough.Peopleneedspiritualhappiness,too.Theme-relatedWritingSampleEssay:TheImpactoftheMobilePhoneonPeople’slivesAmongthemanytechnologicalinventions,themobilephoneimpressesmemost.Themobilephonebringsconsiderableconveniencetoourlives.Itnotonlyenablesustokeepintouchwitheachotheralmostanytimeandanywherebutalsohelpsussolveproblemsordobusinessefficiently.Inemergencies,amobilephonecanevenbealife-saver.Besides,itsmulti-functionsaddeaseandcolortoourlives.Withamobilephone,wecanreceivemail,readnews,listentomusic,playgames,andtakepictures.Yet,themobilephonehasitsdisadvantages,too.Mostofushaveexperiencedthenuisanceofunwantedorwrongcalls.Weareinconveniencedbycallsonoccasionswhenweleastexpectone.Besides,thetechnologyinfrastructuretosupportmobilecommunicationhasconsumedvaluablenaturalresourcesandcausedsignificantenvironmentalproblems.Itisreportedthatelectromagneticradiationwavesfromthephonemayresultinhealthproblems.Despiteitsnegativeside,theadvantagesofthemobilephoneoutweighitsdisadvantages.Ibelievethatwithadvancesinscienceandtechnology,improvedandsafermodelsofmobilephoneswillsurelyserveusstillbetter.(184words)keytounit3book4WORDSINACTIONWorkingWithWordsandExpressions1.1)quest2)remained3)consume4)likewise5)vessel6)qualify7)stiff8)collapsed9)predict10)inevitably11)absorbed12)sheer13)refining14)paralyzed15)exchange2.1)Inaway2)acton3)tosuchanextentthat4)opensup5)closeoff6)lookintoIncreasingYourWordPower1.ClippedwordsOriginalformsClippedwordsOriginalformsfaxfacsimilefridgerefrigeratorautoautomobilememomemorandumburgerhamburgerPoli-sciPoliticalsciencedemodemonstrationsubSubstitute;submarinefluInfluenzazooZoologicalgarden2.Nouns/AdjectivesSuffixesUncountableNounsChineseMeaningsking-dom/-hoodKingdom王国；领域fatherfatherhood父亲的身份（或资格）adultadulthood成年brotherbrotherhood手足之情，同胞之爱freefreedom自由；自主dukedukedom公爵的爵位likelylikeliness可能性neighborneighborhood街坊，四邻；住宅区wisewisedom智慧，才智womanwomanhood女子成年期；女子气质3.1)positive2)certain3)less4)unknown5)complete6)infinite7)hopeless8)modern9)individual10)contradictoryGRAMMARREVIEW1.1)Iftheyhadn’tbrokenawayfromtheout-of-dateregulation,theywouldn’thavemadegreatadvancesintheirwork.2)Iftheyhadn’ttakenpropercareofher,shewouldn’thaverecoveredsorapidly.3)Theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessfulifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations.4)Wewouldhavehadahardtimeifwehadn’tfollowedtherightinstructions.5)Thefloodwouldhavecausedgreatdamagetoourpropertyifwehadn’tbuiltsomanyreservoirs.6)Theywouldhavesucceededintheexperimentiftheyhadfollowedtherightprocedure.2.1)IfEnglishhadn’tbecomealanguageofinternationalbusinessafterWorldWarII,mostdevelopingcountrieswouldn’thaverequiredstudentstostudyitatschool.2)IfWilliamhadn’tinvadedEnglandin1066,theEnglishlanguagewouldn’thavehadmanywordsofFrenchorigin.3)IfmodernEnglishhadn’tdevelopedfromseveraldifferentlanguages,thegrammarandspellingruleswouldn’thavebeensoirregular.4)IfEnglandhadn’tbeenconqueredbytheNormansin1066,Frenchwouldn’thavebecomethemainlanguageoftherulingclassatthattime.CLOZE1.1)topic2)creates3)really4)grasp5)sure6)opposite7)contradictory8)reality9)physical10)rigidity11)individual12)humility13)rainbow14)falsehoodTRANSLATION1.1)Mostpeoplestronglybelievethatthecourtwillnodoubtpunishthebankrobbersseverely.2)Themedicalworkersovercameonedifficultyafteranotherintheirlong-termquestforacureforthedisease.3)Actingontheinformationtheyreceived,thepoliceclosedoffthestreetsandcaughtthebankrobbers.4)Wewereamazedatlearningthatthenewly-builtTVfactorycanproduce500,000TVsetsinthefirstyear.5)Thegovernmentislookingintothecausesofsomanylayoffsandistryingtohelpthelaid-offworkerstobere-employed.6)Toexpandthesalesofitsproduct,thecompanyhastakenupvariousmeasurestoopenupnewmarketsandtoimproveitsservices.7)HehasneglectedhisstudiestosuchanextentthatIamafraiditisimpossibleforhimtocatchupwiththeotherstudentsinamonth.8)Thefireworksfactorywasclosedlastmonthforfailingtocomplywiththegovernmentsafetyregulations.9)Itremainstobeseenwhetherourfootballteamcanbeatitsopponents.10)Mr.Smithpredictedthattherecentoildiscoveries,togetherwiththeuse/employmentofnewtechnologies,wouldleadtoadeclineinthepriceofcrudeoil.2.Weallknowthatknowledgeispowerbutweareseldomawareofhowdifficultknowledgetransferis.AccordingtoVictoriaGriffith,therearemanybarrierstoknowledgetransferandlackoftrustisoneofthemajorones.Itseemstoherthatpeopleareonlytoabsorbknowledgereadilyfromthosetheyknowandtrust.Forexample,intheearly17thcentury,Galileoarguedthattheearthandotherplanetsmovearoundthesun,butthisknowledgewasrejectedbythegeneralpopulationsatthattimebecausetheItalianoverthreehundredyearsagotrustedtheRomanCatholicChurchmorethantheytrustedscience.Whatwasworse,Galileohadtospendtherestofhislifeunderhousearrestforhisideas.VictoriaGriffithremindsusthatknowledgetransferisstillatoughproblemalthoughwearelivinginthe“knowledgeera.”THEME-RELATEDWRITINGSampleEssay:Knowledgetransferisahumanphenomenonandplaysaveryimportantroleintheprocessofhumanevolution.Withtheknowledgeaccumulatedovergenerations,humanbeingscannowbuildandtransformsocietieswithunprecedentedknowledgeresources.However,therearemanybarrierstoknowledgetransfer.Forexample,lackoftrustandresistancetochangeunderminethetransferofknowledge.Peoplearelesslikelytoacquireknowledgefromthosewhomtheydon’ttrustortoadoptnewtheoriesandpracticestheyarenotfamiliarwith.Culturalandlanguagebarriersalsohamperthetransferofknowledgebetweennationsorethnicgroups.Itwouldbealmostimpossibleforpeoplewhospeakdifferentlanguagesordialectswithdifferentculturalbackgroundstocommunicateeffecitvely,nottomentionexchangingknowledge.Anunderdevelopedeconomyisanotherbarriertoknowledgetransfer.Thelackofsocio-economicandtechno-environmentalcooperation,aswellaspoorcommunicationsinfrastructure,cangreatlyhindertheflowofknowledgewithinandbetweennations.Toremovethesebarriers,peopleshouldchangetheirattitudetowardsknowledgetransferandthelearningofforeignlanguagesandcultures.Atthesametime,effortsshouldbemadetodevelopabetterworldeconomy.(190words)TheAnswerstoBook4Unit4EnhanceYourLanguageAwareness(I)WorkingwithWordsandExpressions1.(1)mass(2)gambled(3)voluntary(4)hunted(5)classified(6)abolished(7)division(8)senseless(9)fashions(10)coordination(11)declarations(12)spanned(13)recommends/recommended(14)moderately(15)slightest2.(1)stands/stoodachance(2)ruledout(3)worthyof(4)gonethrough(5)inthestrictsense(6)Ataguess(7)earnsaliving(8)coincidewith(9)goneinfor(10)gottheirteethinto(II)IncreasingYourWordPower1.(1)imaginary(2)congratulatory(3)Migratory(4)documentary(5)legendary(6)introductory(7)contradictory(8)explanatory2.(1)vocation(2)posts(3)trade(4)job(5)work(6)profession(7)career(8)position3.(2)lawyer(3)electrician(4)philosopher(5)musician(6)engineer(7)surgeon(8)cashier(9)photographer(10)biologistGrammar1(1)Idon’trememberhavingborrowed/borrowinganythingfromyou.(2)She’llstayhereforacoupleofweeksbeforegoingontoNewYork.(3)TheprospectofProfesorSmith’scomingtoseeuscheeredusall.(4)Jim,amanofstrongcharacter,naturallydidn’tgivein.(5)Arrivingattheschoolgate,hafoundhisclassmateshadalreadyassembled.2(1)Hewasafraidoffallingbehindtheothers..(2)WewereallamusedatHenry’srunningafterthedoginhisslippers.(3)Havetheyinformedyouofthechangeintheplan?(4)We’regreatfultoyouforhavinggivenussomuchhelp.(5)Weassuredthemofourwillingnesstocooperatewiththem.(III)Cloze(1)enjoy(2)physical(3)compelled(4)necessity(5)support(6)mental(7)idealize(8)status(9)values(10)classified(11)essential(12)mind(13)attitude(14)fortunate(IV)Translation1.Sentencetranslation(1)Asmoreandmoredetailsofherprivatelifeweredisclosedbythemedia,shewascompelledtoresignfromthepostofgeneralmanagerofthecompany.(2)Sheisverysatisfiedwithhernewjobasitcoincideswithherinterests.(3)Iboughtthisshirtbecausethepricewasreducedfrom300yuanto80yuan.(4)Tobringherchildrenup,themotherreallywentthroughallkindsofhardships.(5)Thepolicehaveruledoutmurderinthecaseoftheoldlady’sdeath.(6)Themunicipalgovernmentpromisedtotakeeffectivestepsassoonaspossibletosolvetheproblemsofairpollution.(7)IdidnotgoinfortheCampusTennisChampionshipsheldlastmonthbecauseofmyinjuredleg.(8)Ifyoucangetthesupportofthemajorityofthegirls,youstandagoodchanceofwinningtheelectionandbecomingChairmanoftheStudentsUnion.(9)NotallthebookshewrotewereassuccessfulasthisonesoIrecommendthatyouborrowitfromthelibraryandreadit.(10)Atthe2004AthensOlympicGamesLiuXiangwonthechampionshipofthemen’s110-meterhurdlesandbroketheworldrecord,whichhadbeenpreviouslyheldbyanAmericanathlete.\2.ParagraphtranslationSomepeoplethinkthatthey’vefulfilledtheirtasksaslongastheygoondutyandcomeoffdutyontime.Theyneverthinkaboutwhatismeantby“work”andwhytheyshouldworkatall.Infact,“work”involvessuchqualitiesaswisdom,enthusiam,imaginationandcreativity.Todohisworkwell,aworkermusthaveaspiritofdedication,andbecapableofbearinghardshipsandstandinghardwork.Inaddition,heshouldhaveinitiativeandcreativity.Havinginitiativemeanstheworkershouldbereadytograspeveryopportunitytodisplayhisoutstandingability.Inaddition,aworkershouldmakeclearthenatureandsignificanceoftheworkhedoes,beresponsibleforwhateverheisdoingandplungehimselfintotheworkwithvigorousenthusiasm.Ifhecandoso,hewilllfindajobnolongeraburdenbutanindispensablepartofhislife.Whateverhedoes,hecanalwaysfindvaluesandpleasureintheworkandachieveextraordinaryresultsinotherwiseordinarywork.TheAnswerstoBook4Unit5EnhanceYourLanguageAwareness(I)WorkingwithWordsandExpressions1.(1)fortune(2)dull(3)chased(4)launched(5)finance(6)reputation(7)liberty(8)publicity(9)sufficiently(10)sympathy(11)target(12)educate(13)commerce(14)alike(15)bored(16)audiences(17)regard(18)assure2.(1)thrownout(2)andsoon(3)fordearlife(4)dedicatehimselfto(5)wastiredof(6)turnaway(7)hangon(8)forthesakeof(II)IncreasingYourWordPower1.Back-formationOriginalwordBack-formationOriginalwordautomateautomationhousekeephousekeeperbabysitbabysittermass-producemass-productionbook-keepbook-keepingself-destructself-destructiondry-cleandry-cleaningwindow-shopwindow-shoppingediteditorwordprocesswordprocessor2.(1)reached/secured(2)achieved/attained(3)attained/reached(4)reach/secure(5)achieved/realized/fulfilled(6)fulfill/meet/satisy3.(2)competitive(3)same(4)momentary(5)specific(6)sufficient(7)cruel(8)humble(9)famous(10)reasonableGrammarReview1(1)(real)subject(2)objecttotheverb“make”(3)predicate(4)attributemodifying“opportunity”(5)objectcomplement(6)adverbialofpurpose(7)adverbialofresult(8)predicative(9)attributemodifying“person”(10)independentelement2(1)Tobecomeafamouswriter(2)totaketraveler’schecks(3)toemployayoungengineer(4)takethemachineapart(5)Tounderstandthesituationcompletely(6)torisehigherinposition(7)tofindthatthetrainhadleft10minutesbefore(8)toapplyforaknownjobopening(9)tomaketrouble(10)Tobemoreexact(III)Cloze(1)chase(2)reputation(3)dedicate(4)reward(5)sufficiently(6)measured(7)assure(8)Momentary(9)celebrity(10)target(11)frank(12)liberty(13)illusory(14)regard(IV)Translation1.Sentencetranslation(1)Heattemptedtosavetheenterprisewhichwasonthevenge