六年级英语毕业专项复习之二(句型语法部分)

学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载六年级毕业专项复习之二（句型、语法部分）第一部分：复习要点：（一）了解这些语法知识吗。尽可能能运用在实际中运用这些语法知识。(1)句子的构成可包括含tobe,therebe,todo的肯定式、否定式、一般疑问式。观察下面的句子，找出一些规律：I.ThatisanEnglishstorybook.Thatisn’tanEnglishstorybook.IsthatanEnglishbook?II.Therearesometeachersintheoffice.Therearen’tanyteachersintheoffice.Arethereanyteachersintheoffice.III.Helivesneartheschool.Hedoesn’tliveneartheschool.Doesheliveneartheschool?(2)在我们小学阶段写过不同时态的句子。观察下面的句子，找出一些规律：I.Heisateacher.Hewillbe/isgoingtobeateachernextterm.Hewasateachertenyearsago.II.Thereisalamponthetablenow.Therewill/isgoingtobealamponthetable.Therewasalamponthetableanhourago.III.Heoftenplaysthepianointheevening.Heisgoingtoplaythepianotomorrow.Heisplayingthepiano.Heplayedthepianoyesterday,表示不同的时态的句子常有一些表示时间的提示，看下表：一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday/morning/afternoon/evening,onSunday/Monday/…nowLook!Listen!tomorrow,tomorrowmorning/afternoon/…thedayaftertomorrownextSunday/week/month/…yesterday,yesterdaymorning/afternoon/…thedaybeforeyesterday,lastnighttwohours/ayear/…ago(3)不同时态的句子还有疑问句式和否定句式。观察下面的特殊疑问式的句子，你能总结一些特殊疑问句的构成的规律吗？肯定式否定式一般疑问式Sheastudent.Sheisnotastudent.Issheastudent?Theyareworkinghere.Theyaren’tworkinghere.Aretheyworkinghere?Theywill/aregoingtoplayFootball.Theywon’t/aren’tgoingtoplayfootball.Willthey/Aretheygoingtoplayfootball?HeoftenreadsintheEvening.Hedoesn’treadintheevening.Doeshereadintheevening?Hewashereyesterday.Hewasn’thereyesterday.Washehereyesterday?Hehelpedusyesterday.Hedidn’thelpusyesterday.Didhehelpusyesterday?(4)句子还有特殊疑问句的句的句型。观察下面的特殊疑问式的句子，你能总结一些特殊疑问句的构成的规律吗？I.Wholivesthere.Whoissingingintheroom?Whowasathomeyesterday?Whosefatherisateacher.II.Whatdoeshedo?Whatishedoing?Whatdidtheydo?Whendoesheusuallygetup?Whendidshehavedinneryesterday?Whereishenow?Wherearetheyplantingtrees?Wheredidtheyplayfootball?Howisyourmother?Howishecoming?Howdidtheygetthere?Whydoeshegothere?Whydidshegothere?III.Whosebookisthis?Whoseparentsarecominghere?Whichbookisyours?Whichpresentsdidhegiveyou?(5)小学阶段还接触和学习过如下的句型,要求能理解这些有关的句子。I.含情态动词的句子：Wecanswiminthesea.Ican’trideabike.Canyouseethatmanoverthere?Imustfinditbeforesix.Youmustn’tlendthisbooktoothers.MustIcomeherebeforenine?Youmaysithere.MayIcomein?Weshouldtakeexerciseveryoften.Weshouldn’teattoomuchchocolate.Shouldwehelpher?HewillvisittheUSA.Theywon’tgotheretomorrow.Willhecometoseeus?Weshallmeetatthegateofthezoo.Shallwemeethere?Wewouldliketoworkwithyou.Wouldyouplaygameswithus?II.选择疑问句型：Isyourmotheradoctororanurse?Aretheyintheclassroomorontheplayground?Doyoulikethelongjumporthehighjump?III.状语从句：IwanttobeateacherwhenIgrowup.Ifyoueatme,youwillnotbehappy.IV.宾语从句：Ithinkheisgoodatplayingfootball.IhopeIcanplayfootball.IwishIcouldbeafairy.V.复合句：Ilikehamburgersandmybrotherlikessandwiches,Ican’tswimandmysistercan’tswimeither.Heistallbutheisnotstrong.VI.过去进行时的句子：Thefarmerwasworkingonthefieldsthen.Thechildrenwerereadingatthattime.(6)在小学阶段，同学们所学的名词的知识可有：I.可数名和不可数名词：(A)我们学过的多数名次是可数名词有(countablenoun)：bun,cabbage,tomato,potato,mushroom,vegetable,carrot,hamburger,sandwich,book,ruler,desk,bus,…(B)不可数名词有(uncountablenouns)：milk,water,juice,tea,bread,rice,soup,chicken(鸡肉),fish(鱼肉),beef,beefsteak,porridge,pasta,toast等(C)有些名词可用作可数名词和不可数名词，但意思不一样，如pepper辣椒(c),胡椒(n)；chicken鸡(c),鸡肉(u)；fish鱼(c),鱼肉(u)(D)可数名次的但输变复数有如下规律：a.一般情况在原名词后加-s，如：pen—pens,student—students,card—cardsb:以s,x,she,ch结尾的名词在原名词后加-es,如：bus—buses,box—boxes,bench—benches,fish(鱼类)—fishesc.部分o结尾的名词，如：hero—heroes,tomato—tomatoes,potato—potatoes(但radio—radios,photo—photos)d.以辅音字母加-y的名词，改y为i在加-es,如：city—cities,factory—factories,baby—babies,family—familiese.部分名次的单复数变化是不规则的，如：sheep—sheep,fish—fish,child—children,man—men,woman—women,tooth—teeth,goose—geese,mouse—mice(E)不可数名词与动词的搭配用法与名词单数一样：例如：Thereissomewaterinthebottle.Isthereanycoffeeinthecup?Thereisn’tanymilkintheglass.(F)much,alotof,plentyof可以修饰不可数名词，如：muchrice,alotofmilk,plentyofwater(G)many,alotof,plentyof可以修饰可数名词，如：manyhills,alotofhousesII.注意专有名词的写法：(A)人名：MrSmith,MissWebb,TomWhite(B)地名：Canada,China,Britain,London,NewYork,Beijing(C)单位名：No.1Hospital,theInternationalSchoolofGuangzhou(D)节日名：SpringFestival,Christmas,NewYear’sDay(F)月份名：January,February,March,April(G)星期名：Sunday,Monday,Tuesday(H)语言名称：French,Chinese,English,JapaneseIII.名词所有格：(A)一般情况在原名次后加-‘s，如：theboy’sname,theheadmaster’soffice,(7)关于冠词a,an,the的使用方法：I.表示一个（支、条、只）或某一种类的名次前用a,如：adictionary,auniform,abook但在表示一个（支、条、只）或某一种类的原音发音名词前用an,如：anegg,anapple,anicecream,anorange,anhour,anhonestboyII.表示特指的一个（支、条、只）或某一种类的名次前用the,如：theforestnearthehill,theteacherofourclassIII.在句子中再次提及该物品时，物品前加the,如：Isawabook.Thebookwasfromthelibrary.IV.在最高级的形容词前用the:thebiggestroomonthisfloor,thehottestdayinthisweek(8)你掌握some,any及some-,any-,no-,every-的用法了吗？(1)多用在肯定句或表示请求的句子：WehavesomepictureonthewallThereissomethingontheplate.Someonewillcomeandhelpus.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?(2)any-多用于疑问句或否定句：Thereisn’tanywaterinthelake.Isthereanythinginthebottle?Wedon’twanttoseeanyoneofthem?(3)no-是事实的否定：Thereisnomilkintheglassnow.Thereisnothingintheroom.Nobodycandothat.(4)代词some-,any-,no-,every-语法上看成是第三人称单数：Thereissomethinginthebottle.Everyonelikesit.(9)关于形容词、副词的比较级和最高级I.形容词一般放在被修饰的名次之前，如：anaughtyboy,anhonestgirl,abeautifullady,abigboxII.副词放在被修饰的动词之后：Heworkshard.Shestudiedwell.III.表示频度的副词放在be的后面和行为动词的前面，如：Heisalwayslateforschool.Theyoftencomeshereafterschool.有时放在句前或句后，如：Sometimesheworkshard.Hecomeshereveryoften.IV.你知道形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成的一些规律吗？A.一般情况下加-er,-est:long–longer,longest;small–smaller,smallestB.重读闭音节，双写最后一个字母再加-er,-est:big–bigger,biggest;hot–hotter,hottestC.辅音字母加y，改作后一个字母y为i再加-er,-est:funny–funnier,funniest,lucky–luckier,luckiestD.部分双音节和多音节词，加more,most:slowly–moreslowly,mostslowly;moredelicious,mostdeliciousE.不规则变化:good–better,best;bad–worse,worstV.你知道形容词、副词的比较级和最高级句子的构成吗？A.Thisbookisnewerthanthatone.TheEnglishbookisthenewestofthethree.MikerunsfasterthanJohn.Mikerunsfastestinhisclass.B.Thisflowerismorebeautifulthanthatone.Thistreeistheoldestinthepark.Thegirlisswimmingbetterthanthegirl.Jimswimsbestinhisgroup.C.Snakesaremoredangerousthanfrogs.Themeetingisthemostimportant.Theoldmanwalksmoreslowlytheyoungman.Katejumpshighestinherclass.D.TimhasmorebooksthanJim.Timhasthemoststampsinhisclass.(10)你能正确识别下面的代词？读例句并总结他们的用法。IYouhesheitweyoutheyMeYouhimheritusyouthemMyyourhisheritsouryourtheirTheyoftenhelpme.(在动词后作宾语)Weoftendoourhomeworkfromeighttonine.（做主语）Thedoctorcheckedtheirteeth.（修饰名词）Thisbookisn’tmine.It’shers.（索命前面的物品所属）(11)关于基数词和序数词I.基数词表示数目和号码,如：:Thepopulationofthiscityisonemillionandthreehundredthousand.Hisphonenumberis89276310.Theliveat12,BillStreet.II.序数词表示顺序，如：Takethesecondright.Theyliveonthethirdfloor.III.注意下面基数词变为序数词的不规则变化：one—first,two—second,three—third,five—fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve—twelfthIV.注意下面十位数基数词变为序数词的不规则变化：Twenty—twentieth,thirty—thirtieth,fifty—fiftieth（二）学习语法和句型要注意的问题：(1)应学会在大量已学的句子中学会观察、归纳和分析，找出语言的规律；(2)学习语法和句型不是目的，而学习句型和语法目的是更好运用语言，但学习句型和语法可以准确地更好地理解和表达。(3)要巩固句型与语法的知识，必须更多地运用，在语言的实践中加深对语法知识的理解。(4)不需要背诵语法条条，更重要的是理解。第二部分：练习1.Rewritethefollowingsentencesafterthemodel.按要求改写下面的句子。Model:Theyoungmenareplayingfootball.(basketball)Dotheyoungmenplayingbasketball?No,theyaren’t.Theyareplayingfootball.(1)Thereisabiggardenbehindthehouse.(infrontof)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)Theteachersareintheclassrooms.(teachers’room)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(3)Mikelivesonthefirstfloorofthatbuilding.(secondfloor)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(4)Allthestudentslookhappy.(worried)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(5)Thechildrenareplantingkapoktreesonthehill.(pinetrees)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(6)Thepupilscanswimintheswimmingpool.(lake)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(7)JimwasborninNewYork.(Washington__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(8)Bensawafilmlastnight.(listenedtoaconcert)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Makeupsentenceswiththegivenwords.连词成句。(1)plays,often,who,tennis,you,with?______________________________________________________(2)born,you,were,where?______________________________________________________(3)when,play,piano,she,does,the?______________________________________________________(4)clean,kitchen,who,will?______________________________________________________(5)people,many,there,how,are,family,in,your?______________________________________________________(6)job,your,what,is,father’s?______________________________________________________(7)do,what,going,are,to,you,Saturday,this?______________________________________________________(8)which,pets,rabbits,cats,like,better,you,or,do?______________________________________________________(9)stamps,whose,these,are?______________________________________________________(10)what,like,weather,yesterday,was,the,here?______________________________________________________(11)you,which,do,prefer,the,the,toy,toy,toy,car,train?______________________________________________________(12)the,much,jeans,are,how?______________________________________________________3.Fillintheblankswitha,anorthewherenecessary.在必要的地方选择a,an或the填空。(1)Thereis_________appleand__________pearonthetable.(2)Mygrandfatherwatch__________TV__________everyevening.(3)Myuncleliveson_________secondfloorofthattallbuilding.(4)Johngoesto__________atabouttenat__________night.(5)_________firstgirlfromtherightismybestfriendJudy.(6)Myfathergetshomeataboutfivethirty__________everyafternoon.(7)Wecansee__________officenexttothecanteen.(8)What’s__________weatherliketheretoday?(9)Isaw___________animalin__________oaktreein__________garden.(10)_________sunisred,___________skyisblue.Itwillbe__________sunnyday.(11)Ithinkmycousinis___________honestboy.(12)Hestayedtherefor___________hour__________thismorning.(13)Chongqinis___________biggestcityinChina.(14)Billyplayedchesswithme____________yesterdayafternoon.(15)Goaheadandtake___________firstright.4.Lookatthepicture.Fillintheblankswithin,on,beside,behind,infrontof,under,fromorof.看图用in,on,beside,behind,infrontof,under,from,of填空。图:一幅客厅上，墙壁挂着一张家庭照片，沙发边有一张小桌子，桌前有一张小凳子，桌子下有一只小猫，桌子旁有一个冰箱，冰箱上有一些花。在窗的旁边有一个钟。Thisisapicture__________myfriendMrWebb’sliving-room.MrWebbis___________theUK.__________thewall__________theliving-roomthereisapicture___________hisfamily.Thereisasofa___________theliving-room.___________thesofathereisasmalltable.Thereisasmallstool__________thetable.__________thetablethereisafridge,__________thefridgetherearesomeflowers.__________thewindowthereisaclock.Look,what’s__________thetable?Oh,thereisacat.5.Fillintheblankswiththerightwords.用适当的词填空。(1)YaoMingisgood_____________playingbasketball.(2)Thegirl__________aredcoatismyfriend.(3)Mysisteroftengoesshopping_____________myparents.(4)Welivefaraway_____________thesupermarket.(5)Wearegoingtovisitthemuseum___________halfpasteight__________theevening.(6)Winterlasts___________December___________Februarythere.(7)Wearegoingtolivethere____________threemonths.(8)TheAsianGamewillbeheldinGuangzhou_____________2010.(9)Hismotherisworried___________him.(10)Sheusuallygetstoschool___________aquartertoeight.(11)Doessheoftenplaybadminton__________Saturday?(12)Sometimeswegoskating___________Sundayafternoon.(13)__________theway,doyougotoschool___________footor__________bus?(14)Helpyourself___________somesteakbeef.(15)Hedoeswell___________maths.6.Fillintheblankswiththerightwords.选择适当的单词填空。(1)Thechildrenhave___________(some,any)newcomputersintheclassroom.(2)Doesyourfatherhave____________(some,any)Indianstamps?(3)Wouldyoulike___________(some,no)coffee?(4)Arethere____________(some,any)redrosesonthetree?(5)Thatboydoesn’thave___________(anything,something)inhishand.(6)Isthere___________(anything,nothing)inthebottle?(7)CanIhave___________(something,anything)todrink?(8)Therewas___________(anybody,nobody)inthehouse.(9)Isaw____________(anyone,nobody)ontheplayground.(10)___________(Noone,Anything)candoit.7.Fillintheblankswiththerightnounsintheblanks.用适当的形式写出下面句子中括号的名词。(1)YaoMingandLiuXiangaremy_____________(hero).(2)Welikeeating_____________(pork).(3)Those____________(sheep)arefromAustralia.(4)Thebabyhassome____________(tooth)inthegarden.(5)Thetwo____________(family)areclosefriends.(6)Therearemanysmall___________(ball)inthose___________(box).(7)Therearethree______________(factory)inthecity.(8)Youmustdrinkplentyof____________(water).(9)Those_____________(snowman)areverycute.(10)Ilikeeating_____________(fish)fordinner.8.Fillintheblankswiththerightpronounces.根据句子括号内的中文意思，选择这些代词填入空格内。(1)_________(你的)motherisgoingtogive_________(他)adictionary.(2)_________(我们)livewith__________(我们的)grandparentsnow.(3)_________(他的)roomisbeautiful,but__________(你的)istoosmall.(4)_________(谁的)picturesarethese?Are__________(他们的)or_________(你们的)?(5)Arethenotebooksfor__________(我们)or___________(他们)?(6)Let__________(我们)goandsee___________(他).(7)Couldyoushow___________(我)__________(你的)newstory-book?(8)Thisrulerisn’t___________(我的).It’s____________(你的).(9)__________(她)does___________(她的)houseworkfromninetotwelve.(10)Does___________(他)oftenhelp___________(你们)?Yes,____________(他)oftencomeshereandhelps___________(我们).9.Fillintheblankswiththerightverbs.用适当的动词形式填空。(1)A:Look!.Thechildren_____________(run)overthere.B:__________theyoften______________(run)inthemorning.A:Yes,they____________.(2)A:__________yourmother______________(work)atatoyfactory?B:No,she_____________(work)atasmallhotel.She________(be)amanagerthere.(3)A:__________thestudents_____________(visit)themuseumyesterday?B:Yes,they____________.Theyoften_____________(visit)thefarms,factoriesormuseumsatthistimeoftheyear.(4)A:____________you____________(want)tobuynewclothes?B:Yes,I___________.Mysister_____________(want)tobuysometoo.A:Tomorrow____________(be)holiday.Let’s____________(go)shopping.B:Allright.(5)A:Whattime____________Lucyusually____________(get)up?B:Sheusually____________(get)upathalfpastsix.A:It’ssixthirtynow.B:Yes,she____________(put)onherclothesnow.(6)A:Where____________(be)youEnglishteachernow?B:She____________(be)hereanhourago.Ithinkshe___________(work)attheteachers’officenow.(7)A:___________you____________(live)withyourparentsbeforeyoucametothiscity?B:Yes,I____________.A:Whataboutyourbrother?B:He___________(live)withmygrandparentsbeforewecameheretoo.(8)A:__________you___________(clean)yourbedroomthedayaftertomorrow?B:No,I_______________(clean)ityesterdayevening.(9)A:____________you_______________(invite)JanetandBentothebirthdaypartytomorrowevening?B:Yes,ofcourse.(10)A:What___________theword‘near’____________(mean)?B:It____________(mean)‘closeto’.(11)A:Whatdate___________(be)itthedaybeforeyesterday?B:Well,today___________(be)July21st.Thedaybeforeyesterday__________(be)July19th.(12)A:PremierZhouEnlai___________(study)inFrancewhenhe__________(be)young.B:Yes.DengXiaopingalso___________(study)inFrancetoo.(13)A:When__________Kate’sgrandfather___________(die)?B:He___________threeyearsago.(14)A：Listen!Yourmother__________(sing)anEnglishsong.B:Yes,she___________(cansing)manyEnglishsongs.(15)A:Lookatthedog.She___________(open)thedoor.B:Yes,she__________(want)togoout.9.(1)arerunning,Do,run,do(2)Does,work,works,is(3)Did,visit,did,visit(4)Do,want,do,wants,willbe,go(5)does,get,gets,putting(6)is,was,isworking(7)Did,live,did,lived(8)Will,clean/Are,goingtoclean,cleaned(9)Are,goingtoinvite/Will,invite(10)does,mean,means(11)was,was(12)studied,studied(13)did,die,died(14)issinging,cansing(15)isopening,wants10.Choosethewordsintheboxtofillintheblanks.选用框中适当的单词填空。and,but,or,when,during,because(1)Mygrandfatherisold,___________heisstrongandhealthy.(2)Doyouliketolistentomusic___________watchVCD?(3)Wearegoingtoseemyuncleandmyaunt___________theholiday.(4)Didyouenjoyyourself___________youwerethere?(5)Iwanttobeateacher___________Ilikechildren.(6)Myfatherwouldlikechicken___________mymotherwouldlikefish.11.Fillintheblankswiththerightformofadjectivesandadverbs.用形容词和副词的适当形式填空。(1)TheChangjiangRiveris_______________(long)thanthePearlRiver..(2)LiuTingtingusuallycomeshere_______________(early)thanus.(3)Thisbedroomisthe_______________(comfortable)inthishotel.(4)Chinais_____________(large)thanIndia.(5)Lilyis______________(pretty)thanhersister.(6)Myfatheralwaysgetsup___________(late)inmyfamily.(7)Tomorrowwillbemuch_____________(hot)thantoday.(8)Februaryisthe_____________(cold)monthinGuangzhou.(9)Thismeetingis______________(important)thanthatone.(10)Who’s____________(beautiful),LilyorLucy?(11)DidMikework_____________(hard)thanallofyou?(12)Tomplaysfootball____________(well)thanme.12.Choosetherightwordstofillintheblanks.选择适当的单词填空。()(1)BothLinTao__________HanMingcanspeakEnglish.A.andB.orC.but()(2)Mysisterdoesn’tlikecats.Idon’tlikecats_____________.A.alsoB.tooC.either()(3)Theathletejumpedvery__________intherace.A.highB.tallC.good()(4)Welike___________footballverymuch.A.watchB.watchesC.watching()(5)Weoftenhelps__________other.A.eachB.everyC.one()(6)Thestudentsstudy__________.A.niceB.goodC.well()(7).Hegoestoschool__________foot.A.byB.onC.with()(8)Heis_________playingtheguitar.A.yetB.stillC.too()(9)Iwasoften_________troublewhenIwasalittleboy.A.onB.atC.in()(10)Don’tforgettohand__________yourhomeworktomorrow.A.onB.atC.in()(11)It’stime_________bednow.A.toB.forC.in()(12)_________tellyouthetruth.I’madentist.A.ToB.ForC.With13.Fillintheblankstocompletethesentences.根据中文提示用适当的词填空。(1)Thereare____________(三十八幅画)onthewallsoftheclassroom.(2)MissZhangandIlivein___________(同一座大楼).Heliveson____________(第九层楼).(3)The____________(第十二个)personfromtherightisLiHaibin.(4)Mymother____________(正在上楼).(5)Thetemperatureis_____________(摄氏二十六度).(6)Thelady_____________(看起来很苗条).(7)Thishouseis____________(不同于那一间).(8)Please____________(打开收音机).(9)Gostraightahead.Take____________(在第二路口拐左).(10)Mary_____________(不得不留在那里).(11)______________(你最好还是)handthemintomorrow.(12)Myfather_____________(到过很多国家).参考答案：1.(1)Isthereabiggardeninfrontofthegarden?No,thereisn’t.Thereisagardenbehindit.(2)Aretheteachersintheteachers’room?No,theyaren’t.They’reintheclassrooms.(3)DoesMikeliveonthesecondfloorofthatbuilding?No,hedoesn’t.Helivesonthefirstfloor.(4)Doallthestudentslookworried?No,theydon’t.Theylookhappy.(5)Arethechildrenplantingpinetreesonthehill?No,theyaren’t.They’replantingkapoktrees.(6)Canthepupilsswiminthelake?