浙江省诸暨市2019-2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）

浙江省诸暨市20192020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatcoloristheman'sumbrella?A.Black.B.Brown.C.Blue.2.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Sendaletterforhim.B.Offeradviceonhisletter.C.Writealetterofthanksforhim.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inthewoman'shouse.C.Inthewoman'soffice.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttohave?A.Chocolate.B.Sweets.C.Icecream.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Angela'sproblems.B.Angela'sparents.C.Angela'seatinghabits.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至第7题。6.Whatmusicalinstrumentdoestheman'ssisterplay?A.Theviolin.B.Theguitar.C.Thepiano.7.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Thewomanplaystheguitarwell.B.Thewomansingsbetterthanhim.C.Thewomanhaslittlegiftformusic.听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。8.Whatcanclubmembersgetfreeofcharge?A.Points.B.DVDsofthestars.C.Picturesandlettersfromthestars.9.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Meetthestars.B.SellTshirts.C.Jointheclub.听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题。10.WheredoesMahmoudKaboorwork?A.InDubai.B.IntheUnitedStates.C.InCanada.11.WhoinfluencesMahmoudKaboor?A.Agreatdirector.B.Hisuncle.C.Histeacher.12.WhatdoweknowaboutMahmoudKaboorasafilmmaker?A.Heisasuccess.B.Heisgenerous.C.Heistooyoung.听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。13.Howdidthemanknowaboutthewritingcourses?A.FromtheInternet.B.Fromanewspaper.C.Fromhisfriend.14.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodofirst?A.Filloutaform.B.Askhersomequestions.C.Tellherhispersonalinformation.15.Wherewillthewomansendtheinformationthemanneeds?A.Tohisoffice.B.Tohisfriend'splace.C.Tohisnewflat.16.Whenwillthewomanmailtheinformation?A.NextMonday.B.NextTuesday.C.NextFriday.听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。17.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Children'seducation.B.Somelifeproblems.C.Alongcarjourney.18.WhatproblemdidMr.Zappruninto?A.Hiscarbrokedown.B.Hecouldn'tfindahotel.C.Hehadtroublewithlanguage.19.HowcanMr.Zapp'schildrengeteducation?A.Theygotoschool.B.Theyaretaughtbytheirparents.C.Theylearnfrombooksthemselves.20.Whyhavethefamilybeenontheroad?A.Toexperiencenature.B.Tofollowtheirdream.C.Toescapetheboringlife.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15个小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。(A)A3yearoldboycalledCaseywhowaslostinthewoodsfortwodaysisnowsafeathomewithhisfamily.Buthetoldhisrescuersthathewasnotaloneintherainy,freezingcoldwoods.Hesaidhewaswithafriendabear.ThechildwentmissingonJanuary22whileplayingwithfriendsathisgrandfather'shouseinthesouthernstateofNorthCarolina.WhentheotherchildrenreturnedtothehouseandCaseydidnot,thefamilysearchedtheareaforalmostanhourbeforecallingthepolice.Policeformedasearchandrescueteamtolookfortheyoungboyinthenearbywoods.ButtwodayswentbyandstillnoCasey.ThenonJanuary24,someonecalledthepolicesayingtheyheardachildcryinginthewoods.PolicefollowedupontheinformationandfoundCaseyatabout9:30thatnight.Theypulledhimoutofsomebriar(多刺野灌木).Hewasingoodhealth.Caseytoldtherescuersthathehadhungoutwithablackbearfortwodays,abearhecalledhis"friend".OfficerHughesspokewithreportersfromseveralagencies.HesaidCaseydidnotsayhowhewasabletosurvivethewoodsforthreedaysinthecold,rainyweather.However,hesaid,"Caseydidsayhehadafriendinthewoodsthatwasabear.AndatnopointdoIthinkhewastakenawayillegally."DoctorsatCarolinaEastMedicalCentertreatedCaseyforminorinjuries.HewasthenreleasedtohisfamilyonJanuary25.HismotherBrittanyHathawaytalkedwithreportersfromalocalnewsagencyandthankedeveryonewhojoinedinthesearchandrescueefforts."Wejustwanttotelleverybodythatwe'reverygratefulthatyoutookthetimeouttoesearchforCaseyandprayedforhim,andhe'sgood,"saidhismother."Heisgood,heisupandtalking.He'salreadyaskedtowatchNetflix."1.WhathappenedtoCasey?A.Hewasignoredbyhisfriends. B.Hewasattackedbyabear.C.Hewentmissinginthewoods. D.Hewaswantedbythepolice.2.Whatremainsamysteryregardingtheaccident?A.HowCaseymanagedtosurvive. B.Whenhewassuccessfullyrescued.C.Whyhewasseriouslyinjured. D.Howmanyhourshewastrapped.3.WhatdoyouthinkofCaseywhosurvivedthedifficultsituation?A.Naughty. B.Lucky. C.Intelligent. D.Determined.4.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.Hismothercaredabouthim. B.Hismotherwasverygrateful.C.Caseydeservedagoodrest. D.Caseywasingoodcondition.5.Thepassageisprobablyisa(an)________.A.survey B.advertisement C.newsreport D.characterintroduction【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.D5.C【解析】本文是新闻报道。讲述了一个三岁小男孩在树林里迷路两天，在恶劣情况下完好幸存，后来被发现救出，安全回家的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“A3yearoldboycalledCaseywhowaslostinthewoodsfortwodaysisnowsafeathomewithhisfamily.”(一个叫凯西3岁男孩在森林里迷路了两天，现在已安全回家和家人在一起。)可知凯西在树林里迷路了，故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“HesaidCaseydidnotsayhowhewasabletosurvivethewoodsforthreedaysinthecold,rainyweather.”(他说，凯西没有说他是如何在寒冷多雨的天气里在树林里活了三天的。)可知凯西在恶劣情况下怎样幸存下来的是个谜，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Buthetoldhisrescuersthathewasnotaloneintherainy,freezingcoldwoods.Hesaidhewaswithafriendabear.”(但他告诉救援人员，他不是一个人在雨中寒冷的树林里。他说他和一个朋友在一起，一只熊。)第四段“Theypulledhimoutofsomebriar(多刺野灌木).Hewasingoodhealth.”(他们把他从多刺野灌木中救出来。他身体很好。)可知幼小的凯西能在恶劣情况下幸存下来，并且身体完好，这说明他是幸运的。故选B。【4题详解】句意猜测题。根据第四段“Hewasingoodhealth.”和最后一段“"Heisgood,heisupandtalking.”(凯西现身体状况很好，能站起来说话了)可知凯西没有受伤，现在已恢复。画线句子He'salreadyaskedtowatchNetflix.表明他有精力看电影了，身体状况很好。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。文章讲述了一个三岁小男孩在树林里迷路两天，后来被发现救出，安全回家的故事。文章不属于调查，广告和人物介绍，属于新闻报道。故选C。(B)HaveyoueveraskedyourselfwhypeopleoftenhavetroublelearningEnglish?Ihadn't,untilonedaymyfiveyearoldsonaskedmewhethertherewashaminahamburger.Thereisn't.Thismademerealizethatthereisnoeggineggplanteither.Neitheristherepinenorappleinpineapple.ThisgotmethinkinghowEnglishcanbeacrazylanguagetolearn.Forexample,inourfreetimewecansculptasculpture(雕塑)andpaintapainting,butwetakeaphoto.Andwhenwearetravelingwesaythatweareinthecarorthetaxi,butonthetrainorbus!Whilewe'redoingallthistraveling,wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickinacar,butwedon'tgethomesickwhenwegethome.Andspeakingofhome,whyaren'thomeworkandhouseworkthesamething?If"hard"istheoppositeof"soft",whyare"hardly"and"softly"notanopposingpair?Ifharmlessactionsaretheoppositeofharmfulactions,whyareshamelessandshamefulbehaviorsthesame?Whenwelookoutofthewindowandseerainorsnow,wecansay"it'sraining"or"it'ssnowing".Butwhenweseesunshine,wecannotsay"it'ssunshining".Eventhesmallestwordscanconfuse(混淆)you.Whenyouseethecapitalized"WHO"inamedicalreport,doyoureaditasthe"who"in"Who'sthat?"Whatabout"IT"and"US"?Youalsohavetowonderattheuniquemadnessofalanguageinwhichahousecanburnupasitburnsdown,inwhichyoufillinaformbyfillingitout,andinwhichanalarmisonlyheardonceitgoesoff.Englishwasinventedbypeople,notputers,anditreflectsthecreativityofthehumanrace.Thatiswhywhenthestarsareout,theyarevisible(看得见的),butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible.AndthatiswhywhenIwindupmywatch,itstarts,butwhenIwindupthispassage,itends.6.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TotellusEnglishisacrazylanguagetolearn.B.TorequireustoenrichEnglishvocabulary.C.TopersuadeustolearnEnglishwellenough.D.TosuggestbetterwaystomandEnglish.7.Whenyouareinaforeigncountrywithoutyourparentsaround,youwillprobablybe________.A.crazy B.spoiled C.homesick D.frightened8.Whichofthefollowingpairisanopposingone?A.burnup/burndown B.fillin/filloutC.visible/invisible D.hardly/softly9.Whatdoestheinventionoflanguagesreflect?A.Thefastpaceofourlife. B.Humans'identity.C.Themandoflanguage. D.Humans'creativity.10.Basedonthepassage,wefindthatEnglishvocabularycanbe________sometimes.A.confusing B.shocking C.regular D.embarrassing【答案】6.A7.C8.C9.D10.A【解析】本文是说明文。文章通过大量例子介绍了英语的独特和巧妙之处，让我们体会到英语词汇的灵活性、多样性和丰富性。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ThisgotmethinkinghowEnglishcanbeacrazylanguagetolearn.”(这让我思考英语是怎样成为一门疯狂语言的)及文章中列举的英语单词构成，运用及大写字母的例子，可知作者是想告诉我们英语是一门疯狂的语言。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“butwedon'tgethomesickwhenwegethome.”(但我们回家后不会想家)可知homesick是“想家的”，所以当在国外没有父母在身边的时候，我们可能会想家。故选C。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thatiswhywhenthestarsareout,theyarevisible(看得见的),butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible.”(这就是为什么当星星出来的时候它们是看得见的，但灯灭的时候，它们是看不见的。)可知visible是“看得见的”，invisible是“看不见的”，二者是反义词。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Englishwasinventedbypeople,notputers,anditreflectsthecreativityofthehumanrace.”(英语是人而不是电脑发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。)可知语言的发明反映了人类的创造力。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“HaveyoueveraskedyourselfwhypeopleoftenhavetroublelearningEnglish?”(你问过自己为什么人们学英语有困难吗？)第五段“Eventhesmallestwordscanconfuse(混淆)you.”(即使最小的单词也会使人迷惑)以及列举了许多让人费解的例子可知，英语词汇有时是让人迷惑的。故选A。(C)Only50yearsago,puterswerebiggerthanpeople.Nowadays,peoplecancarrytheirlaptopswiththemeverywheretheygo.Soon,wemaybeabletostepinsideaputerworldthankstothemagicofvirtualreality（虚拟现实）.Ifsomethingisvirtual,thenitiscreatedbyputertechnologyandappearsasifitwerereal.Virtualrealityisaputersystemwithaspecialheadset（耳机）.Whenyouputontheheadset,youlookattwotinytelevisionscreens.Theyaresoclosetoyoureyesthatyourmindwillseetheimageasonepicture,andyouwillbelievethatyouhaveenteredadifferentworld.Inmanysystems,youalsowearaspecialdataglove.Withthisgloveyoucanreachoutandtouchthingsintheartificialworld.ThefirstVRgames,alreadysoldaroundtheworld,enableyoutodriveasportscar,flyaplane,orfightanenemy.Inthefuture,itmaybedifficulttotellthevirtualworldofthegamesfromtherealworldoutside.However,VRisnotjustforentertainment.Oneday,cheerfulchildrenwillbeabletolearngeographybyobservingexcitingforeigncountrieswithouthavingtoleavetheirclassroom.TheywillbeexcitedtolearnhistorybyvisitingthepyramidsofEgypt,orbyhandfeedingfriendlydinosaurs.Inaddition,businesswillbeabletouseVRformanytasks.Carsdesignedusingputerscanbetestedasvirtualmachinesfirst,beforetheyareproducedinmetal.Architects（建筑师）willbeabletomakevirtualbuildings,whichtheycanwalkaroundandcheckaheadofschedule.VRcanhelpusinhundredsways.Despitetheadvantages,concernedcriticshavewarnedthattherecouldbedangersinthispowerfulnewmedium.WillwehaveVRgamesinwhichpeoplecanmitvirtualcrimes（犯罪）?AfterpeoplegetusedtoVR,willtheywanttoreturntoreality?Willweforgethowtoliveandworkwithrealpeople?Ontheotherhand,somepeoplethinkthatVRwillhelpusimprovetheworld.ByexperimentingharmlesslyinsideaVRworld,wewillbeabletoseethedangerswemayfaceinthefuture.Thenwewillbeabletoavoidtheminreallife.NodoubttherewillbesomeproblemswithVR,astherearewithallnewinventions.However,onethingisforsure:VRisheretostay.Getreadytostepintoanotherworld!11.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?A.TheamazingworldVRwillcreate. B.Theeasyoperationofvirtualreality.C.Thebigchangesofputerscience. D.Thebiginfluenceofvirtualreality.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whatvirtualrealityis. B.Howvirtualrealitybenefitsus.C.Wherevirtualrealityisused. D.Whyvirtualrealityisinvented.13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.VRwilltotallychangeclassroomeducation.B.AllproblemscannotbesolvedbyVR.C.ThedevelopmentofVRisrevolutionary.D.VRcanbeappliedtodifferentfields.14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoVR?A.Hopeful. B.Doubtful. C.Grateful. D.Unconcerned.15.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AFutureWorld B.AShockingLifeC.GreatChanges D.VirtualReality【答案】11.C12.A13.D14.A15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要解释什么是VR，VR在生活、学习等各个领域中的应用和VR的优缺点。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Only50yearsago,puterswerebiggerthanpeople.Nowadays,peoplecancarrytheirlaptopswiththemeverywheretheygo.”（50年前，电脑比人都大；现在人们能随身携带笔记本电脑去任何地方。）可知，现在的电脑便于携带与50年前大个头的电脑不一样了。由此推知，电脑科学发生了很大变化，故选C项。【12题详解】主旨大意题。第一段最后一句话“thankstothemagicofvirtualreality”（多亏了神奇的虚拟现实。）及“Ifsomethingisvirtual,thenitiscreatedbyputertechnologyandappearsasifitwerereal.Virtualrealityisaputersystemwithaspecialheadset”（如果某个东西是虚拟的，那么它就是由电脑技术创造，如同真实出现一般。虚拟现实是带有特殊耳机的电脑系统。）可知，本段是对第一段最后一句话密切衔接，主要介绍什么是虚拟现实，故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“However,VRisnotjustforentertainment.”（然而，虚拟现实不只是为了娱乐）及“learngeographybyobservingexcitingforeigncountrieswithouthavingtoleavetheirclassroom.”（不必离开教室，通过观察外国就能学习地理。）及“learnhistorybyvisitingthepyramidsofEgypt,orbyhandfeedingfriendlydinosaurs.”（通过参观金字塔，或亲手喂恐龙学习历史。）可知，VR除了游戏娱乐，还可以应用在生活学习等更多方面，故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“wewillbeabletoseethedangerswemayfaceinthefuture.Thenwewillbeabletoavoidtheminreallife.”（我们将有能力预见将来会面临危险。然后我们有能力在真实生活中避免它们。）及最后一段“However,onethingisforsure:VRisheretostay.Getreadytostepintoanotherworld!”（然而有一件事是明确的：VR在现实中存在，我们准备进入另一个世界）可知，作者觉得存在即合理，人们有能力预见危险，避免危险，并且已经做好准备进入新的世界，由此推知，作者对VR是抱有希望的，故选A项。【15题详解】标题判断题。由文章第一段“thankstothemagicofvirtualreality”（多亏了神奇的VR）开始，引出VR。接下来各段依次解释什么是VR，VR在生活、学习等各个领域中的应用和VR的优缺点。所以本文主要介绍VR。D项“虚拟现实”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtostaysafewhenanearthquakehappensWhatshouldyoudowhenanearthquakeesaboutunexpectedly?Herearesometipsforyou.●Whenwalkingoutside___16___Signs,brokenwindows,tools,buildingmaterialsandsoonareallprobablyedowntoyoufromoverhead.Protectyourheadwithyourbagorcoatandkeepatadistancefromtallbuildings.Stonewallsandpillarscanalsofalldownandareprobablydangerous.●WhendrivingacarFirmlyholdthesteeringwheel（方向盘）,graduallyreducespeed,parkyourcaronthesideoftheroad,andstoptheengine.___17___Ifyouneedtoevacuate（撤出）,leaveyourkeys,keepthedoorunlocked,andwalkawaywithyourcardocumentsandvaluables.●WhenundergroundorinasubwayTheshakingyoufeelwhenyouareundergroundisabouthalfofwhatyouwouldexperienceoverground.___18___Calmlyevacuate,followinginstructionsfromshopclerksandsubwaystaff.●Wheninahighrisebuilding___19___Immediatelyleavetheelevator.Ifyougettrappedintheelevator,usethefixedtelephonetogetintouchwithsomeoneoutsideandwaitforrescue.Whenyouevacuatefrombuildings,neveruseelevators,listentoannouncementsandusethestairstoleavethebuilding.●WhenneartheoceanHeadforhighergroundandcarefullylistentotsunami（海啸）information.Donotgoneartheoceanuntiltsunamiwarningshavebeencleared.___20___A.Don'tbeburiedinruins.B.Becarefulaboutfallingobjects.C.Don'teventhinkaboutgoingtowatchtsunamis!D.Payattentiontothedifferentsignsofanearthquake.E.Additionally,undergroundareasaresaferthanhighrisebuildings.F.Listentoinformationontheradioandfindoutwhatishappening.G.Elevatorswithearthquakesensorswillstopatthenearestfloor.【答案】16.B17.F18.E19.G20.C【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要从5个方面讲述当地震发生时，如何保护自身安全。【16题详解】空后“Signs,brokenwindows,tools,buildingmaterialsandsoonareallprobablyedowntoyoufromoverhead.”（标志，破碎的窗户，工具，建筑物的材料等都可能从头顶掉下来。）举例当地震发生时，在户外可能存在的危险。B项“Becarefulaboutfallingobjects.”（小心掉落的物品。）是对小标题“whenwalkingoutside”的总述，与后一句紧密衔接，故选B项。【17题详解】根据标题whendrivingacar及“Firmlyholdthesteeringwheel（方向盘）,graduallyreducespeed,parkyourcaronthesideoftheroad,andstoptheengine.”（握紧方向盘，逐渐减速，把车停在路边，关闭引擎。）可知，本段是介绍在开车时遇到地震的情况。F项“Listentoinformationontheradioandfindoutwhatishappening.”（听广播里的信息，弄清楚发生了什么）是告诉我们停车之后的具体做法，故选F项。【18题详解】根据空前“Theshakingyoufeelwhenyouareundergroundisabouthalfofwhatyouwouldexperienceoverground.”（你在地下感受到的震动是地面上的一半。）可推测地下更安全。E项“Additionally,undergroundareasaresaferthanhighrisebuildings.”（除此之外，地下比高层建筑更安全）与上文表述内容一致，故选E项。【19题详解】根据后一句“Immediatelyleavetheelevator.”（立即离开电梯。）可知，在地震发生时，我们应该先等电梯停下，再离开电梯。G项“Elevatorswithearthquakesensorswillstopatthenearestfloor.”（电梯的地震传感器会把你停在最近一层。）与后一句构成先后顺序关系，故选G项。【20题详解】前一句“Donotgoneartheoceanuntiltsunamiwarningshavebeencleared.”（不要靠近大海，直到消除海啸警报。）警告我们当地震发生时，不要靠近大海。C项“Don'teventhinkaboutgoingtowatchtsunamis!”（甚至不要看海啸）中even“甚至”是关键词，与上文构成递进关系，符合题意，故选C项。第三部分：语言运用（共三节，满分47分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。Whatisthemostfunyoucanhavein21hoursand23minutes?On15October2003,YangLiweiansweredthisquestion.His___21___inspacetookhim600,000kilometersinorbit（轨道）,aroundtheearth14times,injustover21hours.ItmadehimChina'sfirst___22___inspace.Hehadworkedtowardsthis___23___formanyyears.Bornin1965,Yanghadwantedto___24___sincehewasayoungboy.Hisfriendsandteachershaveallsaidthathe___25___scienceandtechnologyfromayoungage.Healwayshada(an)___26___offlying.In1983hejoinedthearmyandwenttoflightschool.He___27___in1987andbecameapilot.In1998,he___28___tobeamemberofProject921,whichisnowcalledShenzhou.Hewasoneoftheonly14___29___from1,500candidates（候选人）.Theteamspentthenextfiveyearsbeing___30___.Theynotonlystudiedallthesubjects___31___tobeanastronaut,butalsolearned___32___skillsandallabouthowspaceshipandrocketsarebuilt.Yangscoredamongthevery___33___ineverythingthegroupstudied.InSeptember2003,onlythreeoutofthe14candidateswere___34___fortheChinesespaceadventure,andYangwasoneofthem.Hetookallkindsofteststo___35___hewasfitforthisimportanttask.___36___hedidnotgetthebestscoresoneverysingletest,itwashishighscoresonthepsychological（心理的）teststhat___37___wonhimthechance.Intheend,Yangwasindeeda___38___.Hisnamewillgodowninhistory.ThepeopleofChinacanbe___39___ofhimandyoungpeopleallovertheworldcan___40___himasanexampleofamanwhomanagedtolivehisdream.21.A.sailing B.voyage C.walk D.leap22.A.tourist B.survivor C.astronaut D.volunteer23.A.goal B.idea C.risk D.reward24.A.explore B.operate C.pete D.fly25.A.ignored B.loved C.doubted D.refused26.A.dream B.chance C.opinion D.schedule27.A.dropped B.survived C.graduated D.succeeded28.A.wanted B.hoped C.deserved D.applied29.A.got B.taken C.selected D.kept30.A.recognized B.trained C.persuaded D.replaced31.A.required B.added C.simplified D.released32.A.walking B.munication C.management D.survival33.A.altitude B.middle C.top D.bottom34.A.designed B.picked C.coached D.praised35.A.prove B.admit C.expect D.mention36.A.Although B.Because C.Unless D.When37.A.frequently B.swiftly C.gradually D.finally38.A.concern B.failure C.success D.petitor39.A.confident B.proud C.afraid D.ashamed40.A.getalongwith B.careabout C.dealwith D.lookupto【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A36.A37.D38.C39.B40.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述中国首位成功登上太空的太空宇航员杨利伟的事迹和成就。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的太空之旅在轨道上运行了60万公里，环绕地球14圈，只用了21个多小时。A.sailing乘船航行；B.voyage航行；C.walk步行；D.leap跳跃。根据下文可知杨利伟是中国首位登陆太空的宇航员，因此应该是去太空的旅行，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使他成为中国首位太空宇航员。A.tourist游客；B.survivor幸存者；C.astronaut宇航员；D.volunteer志愿者。通过上文去太空旅行，可知是宇航员，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他为这个目标奋斗了许多年。A.goal目标；B.idea想法；C.risk冒险；D.reward奖励。上文这使他成为中国首位太空宇航员，所以这应该是目标，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：杨出生于1965年，从小就想要飞行。A.explore探索；B.operate经营；C.pete竞争；D.fly飞行。根据上文说他为了太空旅行这一目标一直奋斗，应该是从小就想要飞行，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的朋友和老师都说他从小就热爱科学和技术。A.ignored忽视；B.loved爱；C.doubted怀疑；D.refused拒绝。根据上文从小梦想飞上太空，可知是热爱科学和技术，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一直梦想着飞翔。A.dream梦想；B.chance机会；C.opinion意见；D.schedule日程。根据上文他为这个目标奋斗了许多年，可知应该是一直梦想着飞翔。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1987年毕业后，他成为了一名飞行员。A.dropped落下；B.survived幸存；C.graduated毕业；D.succeeded成功。根据上文“In1983,hejoinedthearmyandwenttoflightschool”可知下文是毕业后成为飞行员，故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1998年，他申请加入“921计划”，即现在的神舟计划。A.wanted想要；B.hoped希望；C.deserved应得；D.applied应用。根据下文加入“921计划”，可知申请符合语境，故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是1500名候选人中仅有的14人之一。A.got得到；B.taken拿；C.selected选择；D.kept保持。根据下文的1500名候选人，可知是选择，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个队花了5年时间进行训练。A.recognized认出；B.trained训练；C.persuaded劝说；D.replaced代替。根据下文“Theynotonlystudiedallthesubjects11tobeanastronaut,butalsolearned12skillsandallabouthowspaceshipandrocketsarebuilt.”，可知应是花了5年时间训练，故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不仅学习了成为宇航员所需的所有科目，而且还学习了生存技能以及所有关于飞船和火箭如何建造的知识。A.required要求；B.added增加；C.simplified简化；D.released释放。根据前文所说的登上太空计划，可知应该是宇航员所需的所有科目，故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不仅学习了成为宇航员所需的所有科目，而且还学习了生存技能以及所有关于飞船和火箭如何建造的知识。A.walking步行；B.munication沟通；C.management管理；D.survival生存。根据常识，登陆太空，应该还得学习生存技能，故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杨在小组学习的所有科目中都名列前茅。A.altitude高度；B.middle中间；C.top顶部；D.bottom底部。根据下文的被选中，推测应该是在小组学习中名列前茅，故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2003年9月，14名候选人中只有3人被选中参加中国的太空探险，杨利伟就是其中之一。A.designed设计；B.picked挑选；C.coached辅导；D.praised赞扬。根据上文14名候选人中可知应是挑选3人，故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他参加了各种各样的测试，以证明他适合这项重要的任务。A.prove证明；B.admit承认；C.expect期望；D.mention提到。根据上下文逻辑，参加测试是为了证明适合这项重要的任务，故选A。【36题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然他并不是每次考试都拿到最好的分数，但他在心理测试中的高分最终为他赢得了这次机会。A.Although尽管；B.Because因为；C.Unless除非；D.When当……时候。根据上文关系，可知是转折，故选A。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然他并不是每次考试都拿到最好的分数，但他在心理测试中的高分最终为他赢得了这次机会。A.frequently频繁地；B.swiftly讯速递；C.gradually逐渐地；D.finally最终。根据下文赢得了这次机会，可知是最终，故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，杨确实获得了成功。A.concern关心；B.failure失败；C.success成功；D.petitor竞争者。根据上文他成功登上太空，可知是成功，故选C。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国人民可以为他感到骄傲，全世界的年轻人都可以以他为榜样，他实现了自己的梦想。A.confident有信心的；B.proud骄傲的；C.afraid害怕的；D.ashamed害羞的。根据上文他获得了成功，可知中国人民为他感到骄傲。故选B。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国人民可以为他感到骄傲，全世界的年轻人都可以以他为榜样，他实现了自己的梦想。A.getalongwith进展；B.careabout关心；C.dealwith应付；D.lookupto尊重。根据下文“asanexampleofamanwhomanagedtolivehisdream.”可知，因为杨利伟成功登陆太空，获得成功，因此全世界年轻人都尊重他，故选D。第二节：语法填空（共17小题；每小题1分，满分17分）阅读下列单句，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。41.Theyoungmanansweredacallandleftinahurry,leaving_______generoustiponthetable.（用适当的词填空）【答案】a【解析】【分析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：这个年轻人接了个就匆忙离开了，留下一大笔小费在桌上。此处表示“一大笔小费”需要用不定冠词，generous开头是辅音因素，故填a。42.Shetoldmeshehadsearchedtheroomfortheamber_______daybeforebutwithoutsuccess.（用适当的词填空）【答案】the【解析】【分析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：她告诉我前一天她在房间里找过琥珀，但没有找到。“前一天”是thedaybefore，定冠词表特指。故填the。43.Iwanttomakefriends_______thosewhoarehonest,reliableandeasygoing.（用适当的词填空）【答案】with【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：我想和诚实、可靠、随和的人交朋友。makefriendswithsb.为固定短语，意为“和......交朋友”，根据句意。故填with。44.Asisknowntousall,theOlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryears_______aregularbasis.（用适当的词填空）【答案】on【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，奥运会是每四年定期举行一次。ona...basis按照……规律，是固定短语，结合句意，故填on。【点睛】45.Thepassengers_______wereinjuredintheaccidentarereportedtohaveentirelyrecovered.（用适当的词填空）【答案】who/that【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：据报道，在事故中受伤的乘客已经完全康复。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为thepassengers，who或that引导限制性定语从句，指人，在从句中作主语。故填who/that。46.Eversincetheorganizationwasfoundedin1998,asmanyas800members_______(admit).（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】havebeenadmitted【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自1998年该组织成立以来，已有多达800名成员被接纳。根据句中时间状语Eversince可知用现在完成时。主语members与admit之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填havebeenadmitted。47.Thebuilding_______aboyistrappedandwaitingtoberescuedwillexplodeatanytime.（用适当的词填空）【答案】where【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个男孩被困在等待救援的大楼，随时会爆炸。分析句子，该句为定语从句，先行词为Thebuilding，关系词用where引导且在从句中作状语。故填where。48.ThereisnodoubtthattheAmberRoomisquite_______(value)inmanyways.（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】valuable【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：毫无疑问，琥珀屋在很多方面都很有价值。根据句子结构可知，此处应填形容词作被系动词is的表语，被quite修饰，故填valuable。49.Itisreportedthatanothernewschoolwill_______(set)upinthedisasterstrickenarea.（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】beset【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：据报道，灾区将再建一所新学校。根据句意和助动词will可知此处是一般将来时，从句主语newschool和setup是被动关系，作谓语用一般将来时的被动语态willbedone，故填beset。50.Asmanyas15,000________(athlete)tookpartinthemarathonraceheldinShanghai.（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】athletes【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：多达15000名运动员参加了在上海举行的马拉松比赛。分析句子，该句缺少主语，应用名词作主语，根据上文“15,000”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填athletes。51.MysisterboughtmeabookaboutrareculturalrelicswhichIfoundworth_______(read).（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】reading【解析】分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我姐姐给我买了一本关于珍贵文物的书，我觉得值得一读（be）worthdoing“（某事）值得做”是固定句型，其中doing为动名词，表被动含义，所以此处应用read的动名词形式reading。故填reading。52.Toouramazement,Andypreparesmovestousewheneveranewsituation_______(arise).（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】arises【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：令我们惊讶的是，安迪准备好了新情况出现时使用的举措。从句中缺少谓语，根据给出的动词prepares可知使用一般现在时，主语anewsituation是单数，动词用第三人称单数。故填arises。53._______(enrich)yourvocabulary,youaresupposedtoreadandaccumulateagreatdeal.（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】Toenrich【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了丰富你的词汇量，你应该大量阅读和积累。此处用不定式表目的，故填Toenrich。54.I'vejoinedanEnglishclubwhereIfindsomepeerscanspeakEnglish_______(fluent).（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】fluently【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：我加入了一个英语俱乐部，在那里我发现一些同学英语说得很流利。分析句子可知，设空处用来修饰动词speak，应用副词做状语，故填fluently。55.I'mamazedtofindhim_______(devote)tothedevelopmentofartificialintelligence.（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】devoted【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很惊讶地发现他致力于人工智能的发展。bedevotedto致力于，在句中作宾语补足语，所以用过去分词形式。根据句意，故填devoted。56.UnderMrSmith'sguidance,myEnglishhasimprovedalot,for________Iamgrateful.（用适当的词填空）【答案】which【解析】【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在史密斯先生的指导下，我的英语进步了很多，对此我很感激。分析句子可知，“for①Iamgrateful”为非限制性定语从句，设空处为引导词，指代的是前面的句子，在从句中做介词for的宾语，故填which。57."Itisthewaymyfriendspeakstome_______Iamtiredof,"Aliceplained.（用适当的词填空）【答案】that【解析】【分析】【详解】考查强调句型。句意：“我厌倦的是我朋友对我说话的方式，”爱丽丝抱怨道。分析句子可知，“Iamtiredofthewaymyfriendspeakstome”是完整的句子，故考查强调句型，故填that。【点睛】第四部分：写作（满分33分）第一节：段意概括（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分）58.阅读下段并用一句话概括其大意（用自己的语言，不抄袭原句），字数不超过20个单词。Geographypl