高考英语单元增分（译林版）必修①Unit3单元检测A语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练

必修①Unit3单元检测A——语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练[语言基础扎根练]Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1．Withinafewdaysshehadbeeseriouslyill,suffering(遭受)greatpainanddisfort.2．Asisknowntoall,failure(失败)isasteppingstonetosuccess.3．(2018·衡水模拟)JustasIwaswonderingwhattodonext,Isawafamiliarfigure(人物)passingbyourclassroom.4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Evenworse,theamount(数量)offastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.5．Someevidencesshowthatrecentlifestylechangesmaybeaffecting(影响)people'seatinghabits.6．Itisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts(重要)．7．(2018·南昌模拟)Luckily,therewasn'tmuchdamage(损害)toourhouse,butsomeofmyfriendswerelefthomeless.8．Thecostoftheprojectisexpectedtobeapproximately(大约)$1billion.9．Thepresidentgained(获得)highevaluationfromhispeopleduetohisexcellentwork.10．Italy'sindustrialdistrictsareconcentrated(集中)initsnorth­centralandnorth­easternregions.11．Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisveryfortable(fort)tositin.12．Somesupermodelsarefartooskinnytobeattractive(attract)enough.13．Hehasnowmadeafullrecovery(recover)fromhissuffering.14．It'sapitythatmanypatientsarenotgettingthemedicaltreatment(treat)theyneed.15．Itwillgiveyouasenseofachievement(achieve)ifyouactuallymakeittotheendofaverylongbook.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Ontheshortterm,thepanyhasnohopeofmakingprofit.On→In2．Jennyisasuccessasateacher,butfailureasanactress.failure前加a3．Largeamountsofwaterhasbeenpollutedinthepastfewyears.has→have4．LiuHulanpreferreddieratherthansurrenderbeforetheenemy.die前加to5．WhenIcamein,themanisconcentratinghismindfortheInternet.for→on6．Wecan'tfigureonwhysomanypeopleweretakeninbysuchasimpletrick.on→out7．Helookedbehindfromtimetotimesohewentforward.so→as8．Hecan'tcook,andneitherdoI．do→can9．Amyeatslotsoffruitandvegetables,allofthemaregoodforherhealth.them→which10．Wetandfine,hegotupatsixandtookawalkinthepark.第一个and→orⅢ.根据提示补全句子1．我的同学经常在早晨读半小时英文，我也一样。(so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语)MyclassmatesusuallyreadEnglishforhalfanhourinthemorning,andso_do_I.2．老板让我们随时告诉他最新的进展。(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语)Thebossorderedustokeep_him_informed_ofthefreshdevelopments.3．他已经按照老师的建议修改了工作申请书。(as引导方式状语从句)Hehasredonehisjobapplicationas_the_teacher_suggested.4．在这个世界上，没有什么比生命和健康更宝贵。(nothing＋be＋比较级＋than...)Nothing_is_more_valuable_thanlifeandhealthintheworld.5．你认为谁会赢得一万米赛跑的冠军？(插入语doyouthink)Who_do_you_thinkwillwinthechampionof10,000­metrerace?6．就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但也有一些不利之处。(intermsof)Thejobisgreatin_terms_of_salary,_butithasitsdisadvantages.[阅读理解提速练]AAtsometimeinyourlifeyoumayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.However,chancesarethatyoudon'tactonyourimpulse(冲动),butletitpassinstead.Youknowthattomittheactioniswronginsomewayandthatotherpeoplewillnotacceptyourbehavior.Oneofthenewesttaboos(禁忌)inAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.It'snotataboototalkaboutfat;it'satabootobefat.The“in”lookisthin,notfat.Intheworkworld,mostpaniespreferyouthful­lookingexecutivestoselltheirimageaswellastheirproductstothepublic.Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigorandsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self­disciplineandself­respect.Inanimage­conscioussocietyliketheU.S．，thinis“in”butfatis“out”．It'snotsurprisingthatmillionsofAmericanshavebeecrazyaboutstayingslimand“inshape”.Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,theonlyreasonforAmerica'sfascinationwithdietandexercise.Recentresearchhasshowntheimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.Asinmosttechnologicallydevelopednations,thelifestyleofNorthAmericanshaschangeddramaticallyduringthecourseofthelastcentury.Modernmachinesdoallthephysicallaborthatpeoplewereonceforcedtodobyhand.Carsandbusestransportusquicklyfromonepointtoanother.Asaresultofinactivity,people'sbodiescaneasilybeeweakandvulnerable(易受攻击的)todisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.语篇解读：文章介绍了现在在美国社会人们普遍的禁忌是肥胖，并且分析了美国人要保持苗条的原因。1．Fromthetextwecaninferatabooisconsidered________.A．unacceptableinpeople'seyesB．popularwithpeopleC．favorableimpressionleftonotherpeopleD．acrimemittedonimpulse解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句以及第二段的开头“Oneofthenewesttaboos(禁忌)inAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.”由此可知，禁忌指的是不被人接受的行为。故选A项。2．AccordingtothetextwecanconcludeinAmericansociety“beingfat”________.A．hasn'tlongbeenatabooB．willremainatabooC．can'tbeatabooD．isnotconsideredataboobymostpeople解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，肥胖和其他的社会禁忌话题不同，肥胖是美国人一直谈论的话题。谈论肥胖不是禁忌，但是，肥胖却是禁忌。故选B项。3．IntheU.S．，thatthinis“in”butfatis“out”mostprobablymeans________.A．thinis“lazy”butfatis“kind”B．thinis“old”butfatis“youthful”C．thinis“unsuccessful”butfatis“successful”D．thinis“popular”butfatis“unpopular”解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The‘in’lookisthin...”可知，瘦是一种时尚，而肥胖是过时的。故选D项。4．WhyaresomanyAmericansexercisingmore?A．Tokeepstrongandfreefromdisease.B．Tofindgoodjobsinthepanies.C．Toencouragetheirchildren.D．Toavoidbeingold.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Recentresearchhasshowntheimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.”可知，美国人热衷于锻炼的主要原因是他们想保持健康。故选A项。B(2018·山东烟台模拟)Grandparentswhohelpoutoccasionallywithchildcareintheirmunitytendtolivelongerthanseniorswhodonotcareforotherpeople,accordingtoastudyfromBerlin,Germany.“Havingnocontactwithgrandchildrenatallcannegativelyimpactgrandparents'health.Thislinkcouldbedeeplyrootedinourevolutionarypastwhenhelpwithchildcarewasimportantforthesurvivalofthehumanspecies，”saidSonjaHilbrand,oneoftheresearchers.Thefindingsaredrawnfromdataonmorethan500peopleoverage70.Overall,afteraccountingforgrandparents'ageandgeneralstateofhealth,theriskofdyingovera20­yearperiodwasone­thirdlowerforgrandparentswhocaredfortheirgrandchildren,paredwithgrandparentswhoprovidednochildcare.Caregivingwasassociatedwithalongerlifeevenwhenthecarereceiverwasn'tarelative.Halfofallchildlessseniorswhoprovidedsupporttofriendsorneighborslivedforsevenyearsafterthestudybegan,whilenon­helperslivedforfouryearsonaverage.“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsociety.Caregivingmaybethoughtalsoasanactivitythatkeepscaregiversphysicallyandmentallyactive，”saidProfessorBrunoArpino.Arpinonoted,however,thatcaregivingisnottheonlyactivitythatcanimprovehealthandthattoomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbeneficialactivitieslikeworking,beinginsocialclubs,orvolunteering.“Childrenshouldtake_into_accounttheirparents'needs,willingness,anddesiresandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare，”hesuggested.“Itisveryimportantthateveryindividualdecidesforhimself/herself,what‘properamountsofhelp’means，”Hilbrandsaid,adding,“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedabouttheintensity(强度)ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethinggoodforothersaswellasforyourself.”语篇解读：德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。5．Whatisthecaregivingstudybasedon?A．Humanevolutionaryhistory.B．Demandofmodernsociety.C．Socialcontactbetweenrelatives.D．Dataonmanyelderlypeople.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，这一发现是从对500多个70岁以上的老人的数据分析得来的。故选D项。6．InArpino'sopinion,childcare________.A．issuretokeepoldpeopleawayfromillnessesB．allowsoldpeopletoliveamoremeaningfullifeC．createsmorejobopportunitiesforoldpeopleD．makessocialactivitiesinaccessibletooldpeople解析：选B推理判断题。根据题干中的Arpino'sopinion定位至第五段第一句可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是