复合句(定语从句名词性从句状语从句)学案

复合句（定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句）定语从句考点一关系代词引导的定语从句1．whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，ofwhich可以代替whose指物，词序一般是名词＋ofwhich或ofwhich＋名词。ofwhom可以代替whose指人，词序是名词＋ofwhom。2．which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that；which代指前面整个句子内容。3．who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。考点二介词提前了的定语从句1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose)考点三关系副词引导的定语从句1．关系副词在定语从句中作状语，when指时间，where指地点，why指原因，在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。2．先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。考点四先行词为point,situation,case等的定语从句point，situation，case，activity等，从表面上看它们不是表地点的，但却表示类似地点的意义，因此它们作先行词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，那么这个引导词要用where；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。名词性从句考点一主语从句主语从句在主句中作主语，位于主句谓语动词之前，但多数情况下由it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句子的后面，其句型结构为：It＋be＋n./adj.＋that/whether/why/when＋从句。考点二同位语从句1．同位语从句常放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt等名词的后面，是对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。2．同位语从句与定语从句的区别：同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明，引导词只起引导作用，不在句中作任何成分，一般不可省略。定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制，引导词在句中作一定的句子成分。考点三表语从句表语从句在句中作表语，位于主句的系动词之后。引导表语从句的连词有that，whether，asif；疑问代词有who，what，which；疑问副词where，why，when，how等。考点四“疑问词＋ever”与“nomatter＋疑问词”的区别“疑问词＋ever”与“nomatter＋疑问词”虽然都有“无论……”的意思，但是用法有区别：“疑问词＋ever”既可以引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句，而“nomatter＋疑问词只能用来引导状语从句。状语从句考点一时间状语从句1．表示时间的状语从句可以由when，whenever，as，while，before，until，eversince，assoonas等词引导。【温馨提示】when可表原因，意为“既然”。Howcanyouexpecttolearnanythingwhenyouneverlisten?既然你什么也听不下去你怎么期望学东西呢？2．assoonas，immediately，directly，instantly，themoment，theminute，theinstant，nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。3．nosooner...than和hardly...when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。若把nosooner,hardly提到句首，主句须倒装。考点二条件状语从句1．通常由if，unless如果不，除非，as(so)longas只要，incase“结果，万一”等连词引导。2．由oncondition(that)；provided(that)；providing(that)(假若；倘使)；supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。考点三地点状语从句1．通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。Wherethere'sawill，there'saway.有志者事竟成。考点四让步状语从句1.由although，though，as引导的状语从句although和though同义，用法基本相同。前者较正式，多置于句首；后者较通俗、口语化。【温馨提示】as引导的让步状语从句多用于书面语，语序要倒装。Childasheis,heknowsalot.尽管他是个孩子，但是他知道得很多。2．evenif,eventhough表示“即使，纵然”，有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。3．whether(...or)引导让步状语从句，提供两个或两个以上的假设。4．由疑问词＋ever引导让步状语从句。考点五原因状语从句原因状语从句常用because,since,as,for引导，还可用nowthat(既然)，consideringthat...(考虑到……)，notthat...butthat(不是因为……而是因为)等引导。考点六结果状语从句结果状语从句由sothat,so...that,suchthat,such...that等词引导。

复合句专项练习1.Theschoolshop,______customersaremainlystudents，isclosedfortheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where2.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses____arebuiltclosetoeachother.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that3.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_______shespokefluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that4.Motherboughtmanytomatoesfromthemarkettwodaysago,________somehavegonebadduetothebadweather.A.ofthoseB.fromwhichC.ofwhichD.inwhich5.Asateacher,Iseldomgivemystudentssodifficultaproblem_______theycannotworkout.A.thatB.ifC.inorderthatD.as6.Itisstillunderdiscussion___theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.A.whetherB.whenC.whichD.where7.Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo______ittakestosaveherlife.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever8.BeingangryisOK,butknowinghowtotellsomeone_______madeyouangryisimportant.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.what9.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenaheatedargumentabout________itisnecessaryforchildrentolearnEnglishfromanearlyage.A.whetherB.ifC.whatD.that10.ThewholefamilywereworriedaboutJanebecausenoonewasaware_____shehadgone.A.thatwhereB.oftheplacewhichC.ofwhatD.ofwhere11.Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech________thestudentsstartedcheering.A.sinceB.asC.whenD.than12.Asisreported,itis100years________QinghuaA.whenB.beforeC.afterD.since13.Nomatterhow________,itisnotnecessarilylifeless.A.adesertmaybedryB.dryadesertmaybeC.mayadesertbedryD.drymayadesertbe14.Havingcheckedeverything,hesatdowntodohishomework,________heheardalighteningstriketheelectricitypoleinthebackyard.A.forB.whenC.orD.but15.Ifyouaretraveling______thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo.A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where16.--Couldyoupleasecutthepricealittle?--Er...________youbuymorethanten.A.evenifB.solongasC.incaseD.assoonas17.Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxi__youcouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes.A.thoughB.aslongasC.sothatD.when18.________oneisfullyprepared,outdoorsportscansometimesmeaninjuries.A.UntilB.BecauseC.WhenD.Unless19.Thereshewas,standingexactly________Ihadlefther,cryingbitterly.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.inwhich20.Thenewteacherwassowellorganizedthatshebegan________westoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwasleftout.A.whenB.inwhichC.howD.where21.--Couldyoudomeafavour?--Itdependson________itis.A.which

B.whicheverC.what

D.whatever22.________teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.

A.Nomatterwhat

B.NomatterwhichC.Whatever

D.whichever23.--It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.--ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,___wegotlostonarainynight.A.which

B.thatC.what

D.when24.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas________wedidthismorning.A.when

B.whichC.where

D.what25.Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome________Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday.A.if

B.whenC.that

D.which26.Thefactorywasbuiltinasecretplace,around______highmountains.

A.whichwasB.itwasC.whichwereD.themwere请做下面一组题：（1）Yesterdaywevisitedamodernhospital,around_______somefruitshops.A.whichisB.itisC.whichareD.themare（2）Themurderhappenedinanoldbuilding,beside______thecitypolicestation.A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare（3）Nextmonthwe’llmovetoanewbuilding,nextto_______anicerestaurantwherewecanhaveChinesefood.A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare27.Amanwithableedinghandhurriedinandasked,“Isthereahospitalaround____Icangetsomemedicineformywoundedhand?”A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what28._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What比较下面一题：_____isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What再比较下面一组题：（1）___ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.

A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It（2）______ismentionedabovethatthenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It29.Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______hasjustbeencomplete.A.whichB.whenC.howD.where30.Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weworkedtwoyearsago.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which

附加题1.Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslike.A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom比较下面一题：Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslikehim.

A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom请再做以下试题：Itwasnotsuchagooddinner_______shehadpromisedus.A.likeB.thatC.whichD.as

2.Thebuses,mostof_____werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.A.thatB.itC.themD.which请再做以下试题：（1）Hishouse,for_______hepaid$10,000,isnowworth$50,000.

A.thatB.itC.themD.which（2）Ashdownforest,through_______we’llbedriving,isn’taforestanylonger.A.thatB.itC.themD.which（3）ThisIdidatnineo’clock,after_______Isatreadingthepaper.A.thatB.itC.themD.which请再做以下试题：（4）George,with_______IplayedtennisonSundays,wasawarm-heartedperson.A.thatB.himC.themD.whom（5）Hersons,bothof______workabroad,willcomebackhomethissummer.A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom（6）Imetthefruit-pickers,severalof_______werestilluniversitystudents.A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom3.Hehadthousandsofstudents,manyof____gainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield.A.whomB.themC.whichD.who比较以下各题：（1）Heaskedalotofquestions,noneof______waseasytoanswer.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that（2）Heaskedalotofquestions,andnoneof______waseasytoanswer.A.themB.whichC.whatD.that（3）Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,neitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.A.whomB.themC.whichD.who（4）Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,andneitherof____knewanythingabouttheother.

A.themB.whomC.whichD.who4.Hehadalotoffriends,onlyafewof______invitedtohiswedding.

A.whomB.themC.whichD.who比较：（1）Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______carriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that

（2）Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_____werecarriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that（3）Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,butnoneof__werecarriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that5.OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,________parentsseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that比较以下相似题：（1）OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that（2）OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,and______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that（3）OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,________parentssittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that（4）OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_____