2024届内蒙古自治区包头市高三年级下册二模英语试题（解析版）

2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（第二次模拟考试）

英语试卷

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笔试部分

一、阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

XBrownGirlDreaming

ByJacquelineWoodson

AsawinneroftheNationalBookAward,theCorettaScottKingAward,andaNewberryHonorBook,inher

book,BrownGirlDreaming,theauthorusespoetrytotellhertruestoryofgrowingupasablackwomaninthe

1960sand1970s.Woodson'sbeautifullanguageexploresbigideaswhiledescribingherfamily,hergrowing

awarenessofraceandthecivilrightsmovement,andherlifeinSouthCarolinaandNewYorkCity.

XWhenYouWereEverything

ByAshleyWoodfolk

CleoandLaylahavebeenbestfriendsforyears.Butintheirsecondyearofmiddleschool,everything

changes.Laylastartshangingoutwithhernewfriends,andthetwogirls'friendshipslowlyends.Cleoisstill

tryingtomakesenseofwhathappenedasshetriestomakenewfriends.Toldacrosstwotimelines,Cleo'sstoryof

sadnesssurroundingalostfriendshipwillberelevantformany8thgraderstryingtodealwithpastmiddleschool

frienddramaandlookingforwardtohighschool.

TheHoundoftheBaskervilles

ByArthurConanDoyle

ThefamousdetectiveSherlockHolmesandhisfriendWatsonsetouttolookintoanewcaseinDartmoor,

England.Amanisdead,withmanydogpawprintsleadingtohisbody.HolmesandWatsonarriveinDartmoorto

findseveralunexplainableeventsandclues.Together,theystarttofigureoutapuzzlethathasdefinedmystery

anddetectivefictioneversince.

XTheHobbit

ByJ.R.R.Tolkien

ThisstoryisanopenertothelongerandmorechallengingTheLordoftheRingstrilogy.Ifsanadventure

storysetinafantasyworld.Withdwarves（d、矮人），hobbits,swordfights,wizardsanddragons,thebook'splot

andhumorhavestoodthetestoftime.

1.HowisBrownGirlDreamingdifferentfromtheotherbooks?

A.Itfocusesoncitylife.B.Itusesclearlanguage.

C.Ithaswonmanyawards.D.Ittellshumorousstories.

2.WhatisWhenYouWereEverythingmainlyabout?

A.Friendshipandgrowth.B.Lostloveandgainedhope.

C.Learningtobemoreindependent.D.Dealingwithpressurefromschoolwork.

3.Whichbooksuitswhoeverwantstoreadaboutadventures?

A.TheHobbitB.BrownGirlDreaming

C.WhenYouWereEverythingD.TheHoundoftheBaskervilles

【答案】l.C2.A3.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍4本书。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据BrownGirlDreaming部分“AsawinneroftheNationalBookAward,theCorettaScott

KingAward,andaNewberryHonorBook（作为国家图书奖、科瑞塔•斯科特•金奖和纽伯里荣誉书的得

主）”可知，BrownGirlDreaming赢了很多的奖项。故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据WhenYouWereEverything部分“CleoandLaylahavebeenbestfriendsforyears.Butin

theirsecondyearofmiddleschool,everythingchanges.Laylastartshangingoutwithhernewfriends,andthetwo

girls'friendshipslowlyends.Cleoisstilltryingtomakesenseofwhathappenedasshetriestomakenewfriends.

Toldacrosstwotimelines,Cleo'sstoryofsadnesssurroundingalostfriendshipwillberelevantformany8th

graderstryingtodealwithpastmiddleschoolfrienddramaandlookingforwardtohighschool.（克莱奥和蕾拉是

多年来最好的朋友。但到了中学二年级，一切都变了。蕾拉开始和她的新朋友们一起玩，两个女孩的友

谊慢慢结束了。克莱奥在努力结交新朋友的同时，仍在努力理解所发生的事情。跨越两个时间线讲述，

克莱奥关于失去友谊的悲伤故事将与许多试图处理过去的中学朋友戏剧并期待高中的八年级学生有

关。）”可知，这本书讲述的是关于友谊和成长的故事。故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据TheHobbit部分“ThisstoryisanopenertothelongerandmorechallengingTheLordofthe

Ringstrilogy.Ifsanadventurestorysetinafantasyworld.（这个故事开启了更长、更具挑战性的《指环王》

三部曲。这是一个以幻想世界为背景的冒险故事。）”可知，TheHobbit是一个以幻想世界为背景的冒险

故事，适合想要阅读冒险故事的人。故选A。

B

ItwasacoldMaymorningwhenIreceivedanemailfromanoldfriendinvitingmetojoina10-dayall-girls

surftrip.IknewIhadtosayyes.Thetripseemedsimpleenough.10womenaged30to45,allcompletestrangers,

weretomeetonthecoastofPortugaltotrysomethingnew:surfingintheAtlanticOcean.Ihavealwaysloved

traveling,soIeagerlysentanemailtomybossaskingfortimeofftomakethetrip.

Ifthere?sonethingI'velearnedovermypast33yearsit'sthatadultstypicallyspendtheirdaysmastering

thethingsthey'vedonebefore.Itseemslikeweprideourselvesonbecomingexpertsinwhateverfieldwe've

falleninto,knowingmoreaboutless.Now,intheory,thisisagreatstrategy,asitallowsyoutobecomereally

goodatoneparticularthing,butitalsokindofendsupleavingsomeskillslacking.

ImetmynewsurfingcompanionsonthegrassofthehotellawninasmallsurftowncalledEriceira.Despite

ourdifferentpersonalitiesandbackgrounds,wewereallunitedinastrongdesiretochallengeourselves,learn,

tackleandgrow.

TheshoresatEriceira,wherethebeginnerslearntosurf,areshallowandcoveredwithslipperyrocks.They

makeforsofterwavesbutaredifficulttoride.

Guidedbyouramazingcoaches,together,wefacedthewaves.Sometimes,itpouredwithrain,andthewaves

crashedaroundus,butwewerestilloutthere.Andwitheveryslipandfall,wordsofencouragementfilledtheair.

Honestly,Iprobablyspentmostofmydaysfrozentothebone,butthatdidn'tmatterbecauseanewlevelof

genuinejoyandpersonalachievementhadbeenunlocked.

Learninganewskilltaughtmethehumility（谦虚）thatcancomefromdoingbadlyatsomethingnew,and

thepridethatdevelopswhenyoufinallymanagetograspsomethingyou'vebeenworkingon.Whilesurfing

mightnotbemylifelongpassion,tryingitoutinspiredmetotakemorerisksinlife.Youneverknowwhatyou're

capableofifyoudon'tgooutthereandtry.

4.Whatinspiredtheauthortojointhesurftrip?

A.Herloveforseashoresurfing.B.Herdesiretomakenewfriends.

C.Herneedtotakeabreakfromwork.D.Herpassionforexploringsomethingnew.

5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofadults9focusingonmasteringonefield?

A.Ithurtsone'spride.B.Itnarrowsone'spotential.

C.Itpromotesone'scareersuccess.D.Itbroadensone'sviewoftheworld.

6.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor'ssurfingexperience?

A.Relaxingbutdangerous.B.Toughanduninteresting.

C.Challengingbutrewarding.D.Surprisingandunforgettable.

7.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor?

A.Sheusedtolackconfidenceinherself.

B.Shedeterminedtobecomeanexpertsurfer.

C.Shediscoveredherlifelongpassionafterthetrip.

D.Shewasmorewillingtotrynewexperiencesinlife.

【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过葡萄牙的冲浪之旅，感悟到了突破极限和尝试新事

物的价值。

[4题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第——段"10womenaged30to45,allcompletestrangers,weretomeetonthecoastof

Portugaltotrysomethingnew:surfingintheAtlanticOcean.（10名年龄在30到45岁之间、素不相识的女性

将在葡萄牙海岸见面，尝试一项新事物：在大西洋冲浪。）”和文章最后一段“Learninganewskilltaught

methehumility（谦虚）thatcancomefromdoingbadlyatsomethingnew（学习——项新技能教会了我在新事物上

做得不好时的谦卑）”可知，对探索新事物的热情激发了作者加入冲浪之旅。故选D。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Now,intheory,thisisagreatstrategy,asitallowsyoutobecomereallygood

atoneparticularthing,butitalsokindofendsupleavingsomeskillslacking.（现在，从理论上讲，这是——个彳艮

好的策略，因为它可以让你变得非常擅长某一件事，但最终也会让你缺乏一些技能。）”可推知，作者认

为，成年人专注于掌握一个领域会限制自己的潜力。故选B。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Guidedbyouramazingcoaches,together,wefacedthewaves.Sometimes,it

pouredwithrain,andthewavescrashedaroundus,butwewerestilloutthere.Andwitheveryslipandfall,words

ofencouragementfilledtheair.Honestly,Iprobablyspentmostofmydaysfrozentothebone,butthatdidn't

matterbecauseanewlevelofgenuinejoyandpersonalachievementhadbeenunlocked.（在我们出色的教练的

带领下，我们一起面对海浪。有时，下着大雨，海浪在我们周围拍打，但我们仍然在那里。每一次滑

倒，空气中都充满了鼓励的话语。老实说，我可能大部分时间都僵在骨头上，但这并不重要，因为真正

的快乐和个人成就的新水平已经被解锁了。）”和文章最后一段"Learninganewskilltaughtmethehumility

（谦虚）thatcancomefromdoingbadlyatsomethingnew,andthepridethatdevelopswhenyoufinallymanageto

graspsomethingyou'vebeenworkingon.（学习一项新技能教会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑，以及当

你最终掌握了你一直在做的事情时产生的自豪感。）”可知，作者的冲浪之旅是充满挑战的，但却是值得

的。故选C。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whilesurfingmightnotbemylifelongpassion,tryingitoutinspiredmeto

takemorerisksinlife.Youneverknowwhatyou'recapableofifyoudon'tgooutthereandtry.（虽然冲浪可能不

是我一生的爱好，但尝试它激励我在生活中承担更多的风险。如果你不去尝试，你永远不知道你能做什

么。）”可推知，作者变得更愿意尝试新事物了。故选D。

C

Youhateme.Youdon'tevenknowmeandyouhateme.Beforewe'veevenspoken,youhateme.Atleast

thafshowitfeelsonmyendofthecallasafemalecollectionsofficeratacallcenter.

IdreadthemomentwhenIhavetologontoourphonesystemfirstthinginthemorningbecauseInever

knowwhoisgoingtobeontheotherendofthatcall.

Sometimesifsaneasytask.Thecallerispleasantandhasacceptedpersonalresponsibilityfortheirdebts,

andwegetthroughthephonecallwithease.Thentherearetheoneswhocallinlookingforafight,orlookingfor

someonetoblame.Throughtheluckofthephonesystem,thatpersonisme.

I'vehadpeoplewhoshoutatme,callmehorriblenames,accusemepersonallyoftakingtheirmoneyand

threatenme.Why?Ithinkit'sbecauseIaminvisible.IthinkIwouldbetreatedwiththesamelevelofdisrespect

ifwewerefacetoface.Fortunatelyforme,Ihavehadyearsofexperienceincustomerservice,soI'mfairlyrich

innotlettingthenegativeencountersbotherme.

Thebiggestandmosteffectiveskillwhenitcomestothejobisempathy（同理心）.Icanappreciatethe

situationwhichthecallerisinbecauseFvebeenthere.ThafswhyI'mgoodatmyjob-Iunderstandwhatyou're

goingthrough,andI'mheretohelp.

Somedaysthough,nomatterhowmuchItrytoleavethestressbehindwhenIhangupthephone,itstays

withme.Imaydosomedeepbreathing,goforaquickwalkorsimplystickmyheadoutsideforaburstoffresh

air.IdothissoIdon'tcarrythatnegativityontomynextcall.Thatnextcallmaybeapersonhavingtheworst

dayoftheirlife,butIdon'twanttoeverbetheonewhomakesitworse.Weareallhumansjusttryingtogetbyin

life,whichmakesyouandmeequal.Soplease,thenexttimewetalk,rememberthat.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dread“inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Enjoy.B.Fear.C.Expect.D.Avoid.

9.Whydoestheauthorthinksomecallerstreatherbadly?

A.Theygetangrytooeasily.B.Theyblameherfortheirdebts.

C.Theydonotseeherasarealperson.D.Theyaccuseheroftakingtheirmoney.

10.Whydoestheauthorthinksheisgoodatherjob?

A.Shecanoffercallersbestadvice.B.Sheisalwaysrespectedbycallers.

C.Shecanputherselfinothers9shoes.D.Sheisn'teasilyinfluencedbynegativity.

11.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthistext?

A.Tocallforunderstandingofherjob.B.Toexplainwhysheisgoodatherjob.

C.Tointroducewhatsheisresponsiblefor.D.Tocomplainaboutherbeingtreatedbadly.

【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名客服的感悟，并呼吁人们理解她的工作。

【8题详解】

词句猜测题。根据上文“Youhateme.Youdon'tevenknowmeandyouhateme.Beforewe'veevenspoken,

youhateme.Atleastthafshowitfeelsonmyendofthecallasafemalecollectionsofficeratacallcenter.（你f艮

我。你根本不了解我，还恨我。我们还没说话，你就烦我了。至少这是我作为一个呼叫中心的女催收员

在电话里的感觉。）”和下文a...becauseIneverknowwhoisgoingtobeontheotherendofthatcall.（H

永远不知道电话的另一端是谁。）”可知，作者对于电话另一端的未知感到恐惧，划线词所在的句子意思

是：我害怕早上第一件事就是登录我们的电话系统。由此可知，dread意为“害怕”。故选B。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第四段'Tvehadpeoplewhoshoutatme,callmehorriblenames,accusemepersonally

oftakingtheirmoneyandthreatenme.Why?IthinkifsbecauseIaminvisible.（有人冲我大喊大叫，用难听的

名字骂我，指责我拿了他们的钱，还威胁我。为什么？我想那是因为我是看不见的人。）”可推知，作者

认为一些打电话的人对她不友好，因为他们没有把她当作一个真实的人。故选C。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第五段"Thebiggestandmosteffectiveskillwhenitcomestothejobisempathy（同理

心、）.IcanappreciatethesituationwhichthecallerisinbecauseI'vebeenthere.ThafswhyI'mgoodatmyjob一I

understandwhatyou'regoingthrough,andFmheretohelp.（在工作中，最重要也是最有效的技能就是同理

心。我能理解打电话的人的处境，因为我也经历过。这就是我擅长这份工作的原因一一我理解你的感

受，我是来帮你的。）”可推知，作者认为她很擅长自己的工作，是因为她能设身处地地为别人着想。故

选Co

11题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Weareallhumansjusttryingtogetbyinlife,whichmakesyouandme

equal.Soplease,thenexttimewetalk,rememberthat.（我们都是人类，只是想努力生活，这让你我平等。所

以，下次我们谈话的时候，请记住这一点。）”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了呼吁人们理解她的

工作。故选A。

D

Waterwaysareimportantforeverycountryaroundtheworld.Theyprovidenotonlywaterforeverydayuse

butalsoroutesfortransport.However,duetoindustrialactivity,manyofthemarenowpolluted.

DakotaPerryfromtheUShasexperiencedwaterpollutionfirst-hand.The15-year-oldhighschoolgirltold

AlabamaLocalNewsthatshespendsalotoftimegoingonboatrideswithherdadontheriverbehindtheir

house.However,theriverhasbecomelitteredwithplasticbags,bottlesandcups.Perrywantedtocleanupthe

watersoshecouldcontinuetoenjoytheriver.So,withthehelpofherfather,shedesignedasystemtocollectand

removerubbishinwaterways.

InMay,PerryputforwardhersolutionattheRegeneronInternationalScienceandEngineeringFairheldin

Georgia,US,andreceivedaJudge'sAwardfromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationforher

project.

AccordingtotheScienceNewsforStudentswebsite,hersystemwasinspiredbytheDutchGreatBubble（气

泡）BarrierinAmsterdam,whichcreatesaflowofbubblesthattrapwasteanddirectsittoacatchmentsystem.

ButPerrytriedtochallengeherselfandmakehersystemmoreenvironment-friendly.Sheplannedtocreatea

curtainofbubblesthatstretchedtheriverdiagonally（对角地）.Thecurtainwouldstopthefloatingrubbishand

thenpushittowardtheshore.Oncethere,aconveyorrunbyasolar-poweredbatterywouldcarrythewastetoa

dustbin.

Inherbackyardpool,Perryusedanaircompressor（压缩机）tosendairthroughapipefullofholestocreate

astreamofbubbles.Sheexperimentedwithdifferentamountsofpressuretomakesuretherewouldbeenough

bubblestoformafullcurtain.'Torthebubblesystemtoactuallyworkandcollectrubbish,“sheexplainedto

ScienceNewsforStudents,UIhavetoknowhowmuchpressuretheaircompressorissupposedtopushout.”

Aftershetestedhersystemforcollectingrubbish,Perryfoundthatitworkedbetterthanexpected.Next,she

planstoworkouthowtousethepoweroftherivertoruntheaircompressor.

12.WhatmotivatedPerrytodesignarubbish-collectingsystem?

A.Herfather'sencouragement.

B.Herdesiretoprotectanearbyriver.

C.Avisittoascienceandengineeringfair.

D.AninventionofaDutchhighschoolstudent.

13.Whatcanweknowabouttherubbish-collectingsystem?

A.ItwasdesignedbyPerryalone.

B.Itmakespowertoruntheaircompressor.

C.Itcollectssolarenergytoremoverubbish.

D.Itcreatesabubblecurtaintoblockrubbish.

14.Whatisthe5thparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Advantagesofthesystem.B.Thewayoftestingthesystem.

C.Theimprovementonthesystem.D.Challengesinthedesignprocess.

15.WhatkindofpersonisPerry?

A.Efficientandambitious.B.Helpfulandhardworking.

C.Responsibleandcreative.D.Professionalandadventurous.

【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了来自美国的达科塔•佩里设计垃圾收集系统来清理河流里的垃

圾，文章介绍了系统的工作方式以及是如何接受测试的。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Perrywantedtocleanupthewatersoshecouldcontinuetoenjoytheriver.So,with

thehelpofherfather,shedesignedasystemtocollectandremovetrashinwaterways.（佩里想把河水?青理干

净，这样她就可以继续享受这条河了。因此，在她父亲的帮助下，她设计了一个收集和清除水道垃圾的

系统）”可知，保护附近河流的愿望促使佩里设计了一个垃圾收集系统。故选B。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段"AccordingtotheScienceNewsforStudentswebsite,hersystemwasinspiredbythe

DutchGreatBubbleBarrierinAmsterdam,whichcreatesaflowofbubblesthattrapwasteanddirectsittoa

catchmentsystem.（据“学生科学新闻”网站报道，她的系统受到阿姆斯特丹荷兰大气泡屏障的启发，该屏

障产生气泡流，将废物捕获并引导到集水系统）”可知，垃圾收集系统产生一个气泡幕来阻挡垃圾。故选

Do

【14题详解】

主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Inherbackyardpool,Perryusedanaircompressor（压缩机）tosendair

throughapipefullofholestocreateastreamofbubbles.Sheexperimentedwithdifferentamountsofpressureto

makesuretherewouldbeenoughbubblestoformafullcurtain.uForthebubblesystemtoactuallyworkand

collectrubbish,sheexplainedtoScienceNewsforStudents,tcIhavetoknowhowmuchpressuretheair

compressorissupposedtopushout.”（在她家后院的游泳池里，佩里用一台空气压缩机将空气通过一根满是

孔的管道输送出去，形成一股气泡流。她试验了不同的压力，以确保有足够的气泡形成一个完整的帘

子。“为了让气泡系统真正工作并收集垃圾，”她向学生科学新闻解释说，“我必须知道空气压缩机应

该推出多大的压力。可知，倒数第二段的主要内容是佩里测试她的系统的方式。故选B。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Perrywantedtocleanupthewatersoshecouldcontinuetoenjoytheriver.So,with

thehelpofherfather,shedesignedasystemtocollectandremovetrashinwaterways.（佩里想把河水清理干

净，这样她就可以继续享受这条河了。因此，在她父亲的帮助下，她设计了一个收集和清除水道垃圾的

系统）”以及第四段“AccordingtotheScienceNewsforStudentswebsite,hersystemwasinspiredbytheDutch

GreatBubbleBarrierinAmsterdam,whichcreatesaflowofbubblesthattrapwasteanddirectsittoacatchment

system.ButPerrytriedtochallengeherselfandmakehersystemmoreenvironment-friendly.（JS"学生科学新

闻”网站报道，她的系统受到阿姆斯特丹荷兰大气泡屏障的启发，该屏障产生气泡流，将废物捕获并引

导到集水系统。但佩里试图挑战自己，让她的系统更环保）”可推知，佩里有责任心，有创造力。故选

Co

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Weallwanttoknowwhathappinessmeansandtrytofindwaystohelpmakeourlifebetter.Happiness一

youknowitwhenyouseeit,butifshardtodefine.Youmightcallitasenseofwell-being,optimismor

meaningfulnessinlife,althoughthosecouldalsobetreatedseparately.16weknowthatwewantit,and

thatisjustsomehowgood.

Wealsoknowthatwedon'talwayshavecontroloverourhappiness.Researchsuggeststhatgeneticsmay

playabigroleinourlevelofhappiness,sosomeofusmaystartoutatadisadvantage.Ontopofthat,

environmentalfactorscanbringdownmoodanddryupourthirstforliving.17.Manystudieshave

foundaconnectionbetweenpsychologicalandphysicalwell-being.

A2022reviewofmorethan200studiesfoundaconnectionbetweenpositivepsychologicalfeatures,suchas

happiness,optimismandlifesatisfaction,andaloweredriskofheartdisease.

18.Ifyouhaveagoodsenseofwell-being,it'seasiertomaintaingoodhabits:exercising,eatinga

balanceddietandgettingenoughsleep.

19.andtheydonotprovidehardevidenceofcauseandeffect.Butsomeresearchersbelievethat

positivementalstatesdohaveadirecteffectonthebody,perhapsbyreducingdamagingphysicalprocesses.For

instance,theyfoundthatoptimismisassociatedwithlowerlevelsofinflammation（炎症）.

Ifwhatyoumeanbyhappinessisspecifically“enjoymentofthere?snewerevidencetosupportthat,

too.AstudyintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalfoundthatpeopleaged60andoverwhosaidthey

enjoyedlifelessweremorelikelytodevelopdisabilityoveran8-yearperiod.20.Thisstudydoesnot

provethatphysicalproblemsarecausedbylessenjoymentoflife,butsuggestsarelationship.

A.Butwhateverhappinessreallyis.

B.Itmighttakemoreworkifyourmoodislow.

C.Fornowthesestudiescanonlyshowassociations.

D.Thatreferstotheperson,andthesituationheorsheisin.

E.Beingabletotravelaroundwasalsorelatedtoenjoymentoflife.

F.Tomanageouremotionsisimportantforbothourbodyandmind.

G.It'snotassimpleas“youmustbehappytopreventheartattacks”,though.

【答案】16.A17.F18.G19.C20.E

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了幸福的定义以及影响幸福的因素。

【16题详解】

根据上文uHappiness-youknowitwhenyouseeit,butifshardtodefine.Youmightcallitasenseofwell­

being,optimismormeaningfulnessinlife,althoughthosecouldalsobetreatedseparately.（幸福----当你看至U它

的时候你知道它，但是它很难定义。你可以把它称为生活中的幸福感、乐观感或意义感，尽管这些也可

以分开对待。）"和下文"weknowthatwewantit,andthatisjustsomehowgood.（我们知道我们想要它，它

在某种程度上是好的。）”可知，上文在给幸福下定义，此处说明无论真正的幸福是什么，承接上文，且

与下文形成让步转折关系，下文中的"让”指代A项中的"happiness”。A项：Butwhateverhappiness

reallyis.（但无论真正的幸福是什么）符合语境。故选A。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Ontopofthat,environmentalfactorscanbringdownmoodanddryupourthirstforliving.（最重要

的是，环境因素会降低情绪，使我们对生活的渴望干涸。）”和下文“Manystudieshavefoundaconnection

betweenpsychologicalandphysicalwell-being.（许多研究发现心理健康和身体健康之间存在联系。）”可知，

上文提到了情绪因素，下文提到心理健康和身体健康之间存在联系，空处承上启下，说明管理情绪的重

要性，F项中的“importantforbothourbodyandmind”与下文中的apsychologicalandphysicalwell-

being”对应。F项：Tomanageouremotionsisimportantforbothourbodyandmind（管理我们的情绪对我们

的身心都很重要。）符合语境。故选F。

【18题详解】

根据上文“A2022reviewofmorethan200studiesfoundaconnectionbetweenpositivepsychologicalfeatures,

suchashappiness,optimismandlifesatisfaction,andaloweredriskofheartdiseased2022年对200多项研究

回顾发现，积极的心理特征，如幸福、乐观和生活满意度，与降低心脏病风险之间存在联系。）”可知，

幸福与降低心脏病风险存在联系，结合下文“Ifyouhaveagoodsenseofwell-being,it'seasiertomaintain

goodhabits:exercising,eatingabalanceddietandgettingenoughsleep.（如果你有良好的幸福感，就更容易保

持良好的习惯：锻炼，饮食均衡，睡眠充足。）”可知，除了降低心脏病的风险，良好的幸福感还有利于

保持良好的生活习惯。G项：Ifsnotassimpleas"youmustbehappytopreventheartattacks”,though.（不

过，这并不像“你必须幸福才能预防心脏病发作”那么简单。）符合语境。故选G。

【19题详解】

根据下文“andtheydonotprovidehardevidenceofcauseandeffect』它们并没有提供因果关系的确凿证

据。）”可知，空处不是完整的一句话，并且有复数名词和下文的“they”对应，C项：Fornowthese

studiescanonlyshowassociations（因为目前这些研究只能显示出关联）符合语境。故选Co

[20题详解】

根据上文“Ifwhatyoumeanbyhappinessisspecifically"enjoymentofliffe”,there飞newerevidencetosupport

that,too.AstudyintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalfoundthatpeopleaged60andoverwhosaidthey

enjoyedlifelessweremorelikelytodevelopdisabilityoveran8-yearperiod.（如果你所说的幸福指的是“享受

生活”，那么也有新的证据支持这一点。《加拿大医学协会杂志》上的一项研究发现，60岁及以上的人说

他们不太享受生活，在8年的时间里更有可能患上残疾。）”可知，本段内容和“享受生活”相关，E项

中的“enjoymentoflife”是关键词。E项：Beingabletotravelaroundwasalsorelatedtoenjoymentof

life.（能够到处旅行也与享受生活有关。）符合语境。故选E。

二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳

进项。

Standingontheshoreofalake,Ican'thelpbutfeelsurprisedatthethousandsofsmallrocksthatsurround

myboots.Theywereallcreatedfromhardsurfaces,theiredgessofteningovertime.Iwonder,t4Canwelearn

fromapileof21?”

Eventhetallestmountainshave22:noneareastallastheywere1,000yearsago.Andmuchlikea

rock,Fvefoundmy23hassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheach

triparoundthesun.

24.1wasalsoasharprockcoveredinpointyedges.Today,afterdecadesofthewatersoflife

coursingoverme,myedgesaresofterandandI'mmore25.I'mlesslikelytojudgeandmoreinterested

inlearninghowwecan26together.

ButI'mnotarock.Tma27filledwithallthedramabuiltintomyDNA.

Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwest,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralyoungmen

to28fornotwearingmasks.Not29andnotrude.Onthedoorreadasign,“Pleaseweara

maskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon'tlikeiteither,butlefsalldowhatwecanto30this

together.^^

Thegroupofyoungmenwantedto31aboutthenote.Isatattherestaurantwatching,

understandingbothsides.I'vebeenoneofthembefore,usingmyyouthfuledgestochipawayattheworld.What

Ilost,32,wastheabilitytogrowfrom33bylookingthroughtheeyesofothers.In

learningtobemore34,Fvealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.

Youcanfitmoreroundedrocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.Theformerlookforwaysto

35andmakeroomforothers,whilethelatternevergivean36toaccommodateothers.

37,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,changesusbywashingawayourresistance

to38theworldfromsomeoneelse'spointofview.

Iplaceda39stoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisholdinga40again.

21.A.goodsB.boxesC.booksD.rocks

22.A.piledupB.worndownC.risenupD.brokendown

23.A.willB.voiceC.attitudeD.heart

24.A.OftenB.StillC.HereD.Once

25.A.understandingB.confidentC.patientD.competitive

26.A.contributeB.existC.suffe