2023-2024学年上海市某中学高一年级下册期中考试英语试卷含详解

2023学年第二学期位育中学期中考试试卷

高一年级英语学科

(考试时间100分钟总分100分)

I,ListeningComprehension(15%)

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossible

answersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Hergoodfriend.B.Herdoctor.

C.Herpersonaltrainer.D.Hersportsteacher.

2.A.LeaveDaisyaloneforthetimebeing.B.GotoseeDaisyimmediately.

C.MakeanapologytoDaisyinperson.D.BuyDaisyanewnotebook.

3.A.Whattoprepareforthepicnic.B.Howtokeepthefoodfrombeingwet.

C.Wheretohaveapicnic.D.Howtheweatheristhenextday.

4.A.Exhausted.B.Thirsty.C.Dizzy.D.Senseless.

5.A.HeislikelytoarriveearlierthanSusan.B.Heistoobusytoattendtheparty.

C.Susanisunlikelytogototheparty.D.IfsuptoSusantomakethedecision.

6.A.Alotofstudentsneedhelp.B.Joiningatutoringgroupisrewarding.

C.Thewomanshouldsparetimeonstudy.D.Thewomanhastutoredforalongtime.

7.A.Heoftencomplains.B.Heisworriedabouteverything

C.Heisahappyman.D.Healwayscausestroubles

8.A.He'llgetasimilarT-shirt.B.HewillgetanewT-shirtforfree.

C.He'llgethismoneyback.D.Hecancomplaintothemanager.

9.A.Howwellthecamerafunctions.B.Howtousethecameracorrectly.

C.Howtogetthepicturesprinted.D.Howthepictureswillturnout.

10.A.Theexamhadlittletodowiththebook.B.Themancouldhardlyfinishtheexam.

C.Theexamquestionsweretoodifficult.D.Themanfoundthequestionsconfusing.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbe

askedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversation

willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefour

possibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhave

heard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Comedownfromhighplaces.B.Hidethemselvesinholes.

C.Searchforshelters.D.Runaroundimpatiently.

12.A.Byfeelingadecreaseinairpressure.

B.Bynoticingthechangeofwinddirections.

C.Byfeelingadropinairtemperature.

DByobservingthebehaviorsofotheranimals.

13.A.BirdsandSignsofaStorm.B.AirPressureandWeatherChange.

C.Animals5SharpSenses.D.WeatherSignsfromAnimals.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Byforcefullysendingthemhome.

B.Byautomaticallydeletingafter-workemails.

C.Bybanningtheuseoftheemailsystems.

D.Byshorteningtheworkinghours.

15.A.Becauseofthelowworkingefficiency.

B.Becauseofthetightbreaktime.

C.Becauseoftheextendedworkinghours.

DBecauseofthepoorfamilyconditions.

16.A.Strategiestoprotectprivatelife.B.Policiestoraiseworkingefficiency.

C.Waystouseworkemailseffectively.D.Measurestoguaranteepersonallife.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Thelongworkinghours.B.Thechoiceofthejobs.

C.Hisinabilitytoholdthejob.D.Thelowsalaryoffer.

18.A.Heprefersteachingtodoingadministration.

B.Heisunabletomeettherequirementofthecomprehensiveschool.

C.Hemightbeturneddownforbeingtooyoung.

D.Hewantstosignalong-termcontract.

19.A.Lowlypaidbutsecure.B.Time-consumingandtiring.

C.Variedandinteresting.D.Flexiblebutdemanding.

20.A.Themanislikelytotakethecomprehensiveschooljob.

B.Thewomansuggeststhemanwaitforbetteroffers.

C.Themanisinfavourofthetechniqueschoolposition.

D.Thewomanhasalowopinionofthecomprehensiveschool.

II.GrammarandVocabulary:(20%)

SectionA(1*10=10)

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.For

theblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useoneword

thatbestfitseachblank.

Everyyear,around30millionvisitorsswarmintoVenice,aplaceofunder50,000residents.Thepopulationhasshrunk

by70percentinthepast70yearsinVenice,]theresidentshavebeendrivenoutbyballooningrentsandcutsin

services.

Burano-aone-square-mileislandinthenorthlagoon-drawsthousandsofvisitorsdaily.Theytakea40-minute

vaporetto(waterbus)ridefromVenice2(see)theisland'scandy-coloredcottagesandtheleaningbelltower.

Now,asresidentsontheisland,someBuranelliarefightingback,3(make)theislandalaunchinggroundfor

ecotourism.Aclutchoftheisland'sfishermenaredoublingupontheirjobs-castingtheirnetsaswellasshowingtourists

thefragilelagoonandwhyitneeds4(preserve).

LifeonBuranohasrevolvedaroundthewater.Afishingsettlementwithahistory5(date)backtotheRoman

era,theisland'srelativeseparationfromVenice,haskeptitstraditionsundamaged6medievaltimes.

Yet7(work)withtouristsisincreasinglyimportantforthefishermen'slivelihoods.Wholesaleseafoodprices

nearly8(halve)duringthepandemic,andalthoughtheyrecovered,theydecreasedagaininlate2022.

"I'mproudofmyworkbutI'malsoawarethatinafewyearstherewon'tbeanyoneleft9(do)it,“oneofthe

localfishermensays.Numbersofbothcrabsandfishermenaresharplydeclining:"WhenIwasachild,therewere100

moecantionBurano;nowweare19,“hesays.Climatechange10(raise)lagoontemperaturesoverthelastdecade.

Whilethecrabsaren'tendangered,fewerofthemareswimmingintofishermen'snets.

SectionB(1*10=10)

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereis

onewordmorethanyouneed.

A.physicalB.confusedC.pumpingD.emotionallyE.involveF.recognizing

G.characterizedH.referenceI.initialJ.generouslyK.malfunctioned

Heartbreak:RomanticMetaphor(比喻)orSeriousHealthCondition

Itisanunfortunatefactoflifethatmostofuswillexperiencethesensationcommonlyknownas“heartbreak“atsome

pointinourlifetime.Heartbreakreferstofeelingsofextremesadness,oftenpersistent,duetoa(n)11disturbing

event.Theterm"heartbreak"or"brokenhearf,isusuallyusedinasymbolicsense.

Thatis,whenwesaysomeoneis"heartbroken,“wedonotmeanthattheirhearthasactually12.However,

whatmanypeopledonotknowisthatso-calledbrokenheartsyndrome(综合症),oftencausedbystress,isarecognized

13healthcondition.

Muchlikewhenpeoplemakemetaphorical14toheartbreak,brokenheartsyndromeisalsocausedby

painfullifeevents.Theseexperiencesusually15death,divorce,orseparation.However,thisconditioncanhave

veryrealnegativeeffectsonasufferer'shealth.Inclinicalsettings,brokenheartsyndromeisoften16withaheart

attackbecausemanyofthesymptomsofthesetwoconditionsareverysimilar.Themaindifferenceisthatwhileaheart

attackis17byablockageinoneofthehearfsarteries(动脉)，brokenheartsyndromeinvolvestemporary

enlargementinoneareaoftheheart.Suchenlargementmakesitdifficultforthehearttocontinue18bloodaround

thebodyandthusputsthesuffereratriskofheartfailure.

Ifyouhaveexperiencedastressfulorpainfulevent,two19symptomsofbrokenheartsyndrometowatch

outforarechestpainandbreathingdifficulties.Infact,20oneorbothofthesesymptomscanbevitalin

helpingyouseeknecessarytreatmentintheearlystagesofthiscondition.

Id.ReadingComprehension(30%)

SectionA(1*10=10)

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C

andD.Fillintheblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

TheEastAfricancountryofKenyahasbeenattheforefrontoftheglobalwaronplasticsince2017,whenofficials

bannedplasticbags.InJune2020,thegovernmentintensifiedtheeffortswithabanonsingle-useplasticsinprotectedareas.

Unfortunately,themeasureshave21madeanyimpact.Hundredsoftonsofindustrialandconsumerpolymer(聚合

物)wastecontinuetoget22intolandfillsdaily.However,if29-year-oldNzambiMateehasherway,theunpleasant

plasticheapswillsoonbetransformedintocolourfulbricks.

Thematerialengineer'ssearchtofinda(n)23solutiontocontrolplasticpollutionbeganin2017.Shequither

jobasadataanalystatalocalchemicalfactoryandsetupasmalllabinhermother'sbackyard.Ittookherninemonthsto

producethefirstbrickandevenlongerto24apartnertohelpbuildthemachinerytomakethem.Butthedetermined

eco-entrepreneurwasconfidentinherideaanddidnotgiveup.

Shesays,“Iwantedtousemyeducationinappliedphysicsandmaterialengineeringtodosomethingabouttheproblem

ofplasticwastepollution.ButIwasvery25thatthesolutionhadtobepractical,sustainable,andaffordable.The

bestwaytodothiswasby26thewasteintotheconstructionandfindingthemostefficientandaffordablematerial

tobuildhomes.^^

Hercompany,GjengeMakers,nowhires112peopleandproducesover1,500bricksaday.Thepavers(铺路材料)are

madeusingamixofplasticproductsthatcannotbereprocessedorrecycled.Thepolymerisobtained27from

factoriesorpickedbyhiredlocalsfromNairobi9slargestlandfill,Dandora.

Thecollectedplasticis28withsand,heatedatveryhightemperatures,andcompressedintobricksthatvary

incolourandthickness.Theresultingproductisstronger,lighter,andabout30percentcheaperthanconcretebricks.

Matee,whowasrecentlyrecognizedasoneoftheYoungChampionsoftheEarth2020—theUnitedNations5highest

environmental29-isfarfromdone.HerdreamistoreducethemountainoftrashinDandoratojustahillby

increasingproductionandexpandingherofferings.Shesays,“Themorewerecycletheplastic,themoreweproduce

affordablehousing,andthemorewecreate30fortheyouth.^^

21.A.barelyB.nearlyC.mildlyD.equally

22.A.leakedB.turnedC.loadedD.dumped

23.A.personalB.orderlyC.feasibleD.adjustable

24.A.remindB.convinceC.assureD.direct

25.A.clearB.fairC.boldD.mature

26.A.enclosingB.distributingC.channellingD.reversing

27.A.distantlyB.openlyC.secretlyD.directly

28.A.replacedB.mixedC.equippedD.fixed

29.A.levelB.grantC.diplomaD.honour

30.A.employmentB.experimentC.entertainmentD.investment

SectionB(2*7=14)

Directions:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Foreachof

themtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtothe

informationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

Thetrainwasatastandstill,sometwentyminutesoutsideKolkata,whenanunexpectedstrokeofluckpresentedPiya

withanopportunitytogoforaseatbesideawindowforsomefreshair.Shehadbeensittinginthestuffiestpartofthetrain

compartment,ontheedgeofabench,now,movingtotheopenwindow,shesawthatthetrainhadstoppedatastationcalled

Champahati.

Lookingoverhershoulder,Piyaspottedatea-sellerontheplatform.Reachingthroughthebarsofthewindow,shecalled

himwithawave.Shehadnevercaredforthekindofchai,Indiantea,soldinSeattle,herhometownintheUSA,butsomehow,

inthetendaysshehadspentinIndiashehaddevelopedanunexpectedtasteformilky,overboiledteaservedinearthenware

cups.Therewerenospicesinitforonething,andthiswasmoretohertastethanthechaiathome.

Shepaidforherteaandwastryingtogetinthecupthroughthebarswhenthemanintheseatoppositeherownsuddenly

turnedoverapage,joltingherhand.Sheturnedherwristquicklyenoughtomakesurethatmostoftheteaspilledoutofthe

window,butshecouldnotpreventsomefromspillingoverhispapers.

“Oh,I'msosorry!”Piyawasveryembarrassed:ofeveryoneinthecompartment,thiswasthelastpersonshewouldhave

chosentoinjurewithhertea.ShehadnoticedhimwhilewaitingontheplatforminKolkataandshehadbeenstruckbythe

self-satisfiedtiltofhisheadandthewayinwhichhestaredateveryonearoundhim,takingthemin,sizingthemup,sorting

themallintotheirplaces.

“Here,“saidPiya,producingahandfuloftissues.tcLetmehelpyoucleanup.”

“There'snothingtobedone,^^hesaidtestily(暴躁地).“Thesepagesareruinedanyway.”

Foramomentsheconsideredpointingoutthatitwashewhohadknockedherhand.Butallshecouldbringherselfto

saywas,"I'mverysorry.Ihopeyou511excuseme.”

“DoIreallyhaveachoice?^^hesaid."Doesanyonehaveachoicewhenthey'redealingwithAmericansthesedays?”

Piyahadnowishtogetintoanargumentsosheletthispass.Instead,sheopenedhereyeswideand,inanattemptto

restorepeace,cameoutwith,"Buthowdidyouguess?"

“Aboutwhat?”

“AboutmybeingAmerican?Ybu'reveryobservant.^^

Thisseemedtodothetrick.Hisshouldersrelaxedasheleanedbackinhisseat."Ididn'tguess,9,hesaid.46Iknew.”

31.Inthefirstparagraph,Piyawasrelievedwhenshegotawindowseatbecauseitmeantthat.

A.therewasmoreroomforherluggage

B.shenolongerhadtosufferfromalackofair

C.therewaslesschancethatshewouldmissherstop

D.shedidn'thavetostandfortherestofthetrainjourney

32.PiyafoundthattheteaorchaishehaddrunkinIndia.

A.wasdisappointinglyweakintaste

B.remindedherofherhomeinSeattle

C.wouldhavetastedbetterifservedfresh

D.waspreferabletothechaishehadhadbefore

33.Piyaasked“Buthowdidyouguess?”inorderto.

A.findoutwhatthemanreallythoughtaboutAmericans

Bensurethemanrealizedthatshehadapologized

C.trytocalmthesituationdownbystartingaconversation

D.makesurethemanknewhewasbeingrude

(B)

ComputerscanbeatworldchesschampionGaryKasparovathisgame,countalltheatomsinanuclearexplosion,and

calculatecomplexfiguresinafractionofasecond,buttheystillfailattheslightdifferencesinlanguagetranslation.Artificial

Intelligencecomputershavelargeamountsofmemory,capableofstoringhugetranslatingdictionariesandextensivelistsof

grammarrules.Yet,today'sbestcomputerlanguagetranslatorshavejusta60percentaccuracyrate.Scientistsarestillunable

toprogramthecomputerwithhuman-likecommonsensereasoningpower.

ComputerlanguagetranslationiscalledMachineTranslation,orMT.Whilenotperfect,MTissurprisinglygood.MT

wasdesignedtoprocessdry,technicallanguagethatpeoplefindtedioustotranslate.Computerscantranslatebasicphrases,

suchas"Yourfootbone'sconnectedtoyouranklebone,youranklebone'sconnectedtoyourlegbone."Theycantranslate

moredifficultphrases,suchas"Whichwitchiswhich?”Computerscanalsoaccuratelytranslate“Wildthing,youmakemy

heartsing!”intootherlanguagesbecausetheycanunderstandindividualwords,aslongasthewordsarepre-programmedin

theirdictionary.

Buthighlysensitivetypesoftranslating,suchasimportantdiplomaticconversations,arebeyondthescopeofcomputer

translatingprograms.Humantranslatorsuseintuitionalmeaning,notlogic,toprocesswordsandphrasesintootherlanguages.

Ahumancanproperlytranslatethephrase,"Thepenisinthepen（围养禽畜的圈）,“becausemosthumansknowthatitmeans

thatawritinginstrumentisinasmallenclosedspace.Manytimes,computersdonothavetheabilitytodetermineinwhich

waytwoidenticalwordsinonesentencearetobeused.

Inadditiontousingmassiverule-programmedmachines,computerprogrammersarealsotryingtoteachcomputersto

learnhowtothinkforthemselvesthroughthe"experience“oftranslating.Evenwiththeseefforts,programmersadmitthata

“thinking“computermightnoteverbeinventedinthefuture.

34.Computerstodayarecapableof.

A.defeatingthebestchessplayerintheworld

B.tellingsubtledifferencesbetweenlanguages

C.translatingover60percentofdifficulttexts

D.doinghuman-likecommonsensereasoning

35.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Computerscantranslatedryanddifficultphrase.

B.Computerscantranslatetechnicallanguage.

C.Computerscanunderstandpre-programmedword.

D.Computerscanunderstandsensitivelanguage.

36.Toimprovemachinetranslation,computerprogrammersaretryingto.

A.usepowerfulrule-programmedcomputers

B.havecomputerscompiletranslatingdictionaries

C.teachcomputerstothinkbypractice

D.addexplanationsofwordsincomputerprograms

37.Thepassagesuggeststhat.

A.theaccuracyrateofmachinetranslationcannotberaised

B.itisimpossibleforcomputerstothinkashumansdo

C.onlytechnicallanguageissuitableformachinetranslation

D.itisimpossibletodetermineidenticalwords

SectionC（1.5*4=6分）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthe

box.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

BeastfromtheEastCausesChaos

Anyoneexpectingthearrivalofspringwasbitterlydisappointedlastweek,asfreezingtemperaturesanddisruptive（破

坏性的）snowsweptacrosstheUK.38TheBeastfromtheEastisawintrystormcausedbyamajorweather

eventintheNorthPole.39Becauseitwasweakened,coldairfromSiberia,inRussia,sweptinoverEurope,

bringingwithitlowtemperaturesandsnowstorms.From26February,peoplearoundthecountryenduredtemperaturesas

lowas-12℃andsomeareasweretoldtoexpectasmuchas20centimetresofsnowfall.

40ItwasthefirstredsnowalertevertobeissuedintheUK.Atleast2,000schoolsinEnglandwereforced

toclose.Zoosaroundthecountryalsoshutinordertokeeptheanimalssafeandwarm.Supermarketsreportedqueuesof

peoplewaitingtostockuponsupplies.AspokespersonfortheCo-opsupermarketsaiditwasusualtoseesalesincreasein

extremeweather."'Peoplestockup,readytostayindoors,9,hesaid.

Normally,mostpeoplewouldbeexpectingtoseesignsofspringblossominginthefirstweekofMarch.Incredibly,in

spiteofthecoldweatherandofficialwarnings,springhasactuallysprunginCornwall.Theheadgardenersofsixmajor

gardensinthecountyhavereportedbloomsontheirmagnoliatrees—asignthattheseasonischanging-evenifitdoesn'tfeel

likeit.41

A.Aredweatherwarning—themostextreme-wasissuedasconditionsbecamedangerous.

B.Itwasallthankstotheso-calledBeastfromtheEast.

C.ThereisfurtherheavysnowforecastovernightforthenortheastandeasternpartsofEnglandandisolatedshowers

elsewhere.

D.Foreveryoneelse,however,theBeastfromtheEastmeanswinterwon'tbelooseningitsgripforatleastafewdaysyet.

E.HundredsoftrainsanddozensofflightswerecancelledasLondon'stransportserviceswerethrownintototalconfusion.

EThere,ariseinairtemperatureweakenedthejetstream(喷射气流),whichisabandofstrongwindthatmovesweather

aroundtheplanet.

IV.Sentencecompletion.(1*10=10)

Directions:completeeachofthesentenceswithproperwordsorexpressions.

42.在粮食生产上，我们国家做到了自给自足。

Ourcountryfoodproduction.

43.这些照片唤起了我的情感，我对它们所呈现的高中经历记忆犹新。

Thesephotoshaveappealedtomyemotions,andtheexperiencesofmyseniorhighschooltheypresentarestill

44.我们天天看报，好了解时事。(keepup)

Wereadnewspaperseveryday.

45.越来越多的人为了追求梦想而搬到另一个城市。(pursuit)

Moreandmorepeoplemovetoanothercity.

46.世上万物都得遵从自然法则。(subjected)

Everythingonearththelawofnature.

47.事实证明，市场毕竟不是理性的。(turn)

themarketwasnotrationalafterall

48.我们支持你发起禁烟运动。

Youhaveourbackingtoagainstsmoking.

49如果朋友有困难，你不觉得有义务帮他吗？

Ifyourfriendwereintrouble,wouldn'tyouofferhimhelp?

50.每项计划都是根据当地情况量身订做。(tailor)

Eachprogramlocalconditions.

51.这次发射标志着航空业的一个新的里程碑。

Thelaunchmarksthespaceindustry.

V.Translation:(3+3+4+5=15)

Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.

52.这本科幻小说开阔孩子们在科技方面的眼界，值得推荐。(open)(汉译英)

53.作为一名意志坚定的运动员，他本赛季的目标是打进5球。（targeted）（汉译英）

54.《老人与海》教会我们：一个人可以被毁灭，但不能被打败。（lesson）（汉译英）

55.在这部热门电影的发布会上，专业摄影师们眼观六路，耳听八方，以免错过感人场面。（forfear）（汉译英）

2023学年第二学期位育中学期中考试试卷

高一年级英语学科

(考试时间100分钟总分100分)

I,ListeningComprehension(15%)

II.GrammarandVocabulary:(20%)

SectionA(1*10=10)

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.For

theblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useoneword

thatbestfitseachblank.

Everyyear,around30millionvisitorsswarmintoVenice,aplaceofunder50,000residents.Thepopulationhasshrunk

by70percentinthepast70yearsinVenice,]theresidentshavebeendrivenoutbyballooningrentsandcutsin

services.

Burano-aone-square-mileislandinthenorthlagoon-drawsthousandsofvisitorsdaily.Theytakea40-minute

vaporetto(waterbus)ridefromVenice2(see)theisland'scandy-coloredcottagesandtheleaningbelltower.

Now,asresidentsontheisland,someBuranelliarefightingback,3(make)theislandalaunchinggroundfor

ecotourism.Aclutchoftheisland'sfishermenaredoublingupontheirjobs-castingtheirnetsaswellasshowingtourists

thefragilelagoonandwhyitneeds4(preserve).

LifeonBuranohasrevolvedaroundthewater.Afishingsettlementwithahistory5(date)backtotheRoman

era,theisland'srelativeseparationfromVenice,haskeptitstraditionsundamaged6medievaltimes.

Yet7(work)withtouristsisincreasinglyimportantforthefishermen'slivelihoods.Wholesaleseafoodprices

nearly8(halve)duringthepandemic,andalthoughtheyrecovered,theydecreasedagaininlate2022.

"I'mproudofmyworkbutI'malsoawarethatinafewyearstherewon'tbeanyoneleft9(do)it,“oneofthe

localfishermensays.Numbersofbothcrabsandfishermenaresharplydeclining:"WhenIwasachild,therewere100

moecantionBurano;nowweare19,“hesays.Climatechange10(raise)lagoontemperaturesoverthelastdecade.

Whilethecrabsaren'tendangered,fewerofthemareswimmingintofishermen'snets.

【答案】1.because##as##for

2.tosee3.making

4.preserving##tobepreserved##preservation

5.dating6.since

7.working8.halved

9.doing10.hasraised

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了威尼斯附近的布拉诺岛的情况，威尼斯每年吸引着大量的游客，但本

地居民却大量减少，附近的布拉诺岛上的居民开始反击，将该岛发展为生态旅游的发起地，向游客展示岛上脆弱的

泻湖需要保护。渔民在岛上努力工作，但面临海鲜价格下降和气候变化导致渔获量下降的生计问题。

【1题详解】

考查原因状语从句。句意：在过去的70年里，威尼斯的人口减少了70%,因为不断上涨的租金和服务的削减把居

民赶了出去。分析句子可知，空处前后为完整的句子，空前表示“在过去的70年里，威尼斯的人口减少了70%”，

空后表示“不断上涨的租金和服务的削减把居民赶了出去”，前为结果，后为原因，且非显而易见或已知的原因，

因此用意为"因为"的从属连词because>as或for引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/for„

【2题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：他们从威尼斯乘坐40分钟的水上巴士，参观岛上糖果色的小屋和倾斜的钟楼。分析句子可

知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用see的不定式形式。故填tosee。

【3题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，作为岛上的居民，一些布拉内利人开始反击，使该岛成为生态旅游的发起地。分析

句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，make"使得"和someBuranelli逻辑上是主动关系，应用make

的现在分词形式，作状语。故填making。

【4题详解】

考查非谓语动词或名词。句意：岛上的一群渔民正在加倍工作一一撒网，同时向游客展示脆弱的泻湖以及为什么需

要保护它。分析句子可知，空处作needs的宾语，可用固定短语needdoing或needtobedone表示“需要做某事，某

事需要被做"，用preserve的动名词形式或不定式被动语态，或用preserve的名词形式preservation,意为"保护"，

为不可数名词。故填preserving/tobepreserved/preservationo

【5题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个历史可以追溯到罗马时代的渔业定居点，该岛与威尼斯相对分离，自中世纪以来

一直保持着它的传统。分析句子可知，空处作history的后置定语，是非谓语动词，datebackto"追溯至『'和history

逻辑上是主谓关系，date应用现在分词的形式。故填dating。

【6题详解】

考查介词。句意：作为一个历史可以追溯到罗马时代的渔业定居点，该岛与威尼斯相对分离，自中世纪以来一直保

持着它的传统。分析句子可知，空处和medievaltimes搭配，作状语，结合上文描述的岛上的建筑景观和渔民们的

工作可推知，此处指“自中世纪以来一直保持着它的传统”，应用介词since表示“自……以来"。故填since。

【7题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，与游客合作对渔民的生计越来越重要。分析句子可知，空处和空后的withtourists搭

配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，且此处介绍的是一件已知的事情，因此应用work的动名词形式。故填working。

【8题详解】

考查动词的时态。句意：在疫情期间，海鲜批发价格几乎减半，虽然有所回升，但在2022年底再次下降。分析句子

可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合“duringthepandemic”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，

halve“减半”应用过去式的形式。故填halved。

【9题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：“我为自己的工作感到自豪，但我也意识到，再过几年，就没有人能做这项工作了，”一

位当地渔民说。分析句子可知，过去分词短语left...作修饰anyone的定语，固定短语beleftdoing表示“留下来去

做什么事情”，应用do的现在分词形式，作补足语。故填doing。

【10题详解】

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，气候变化提高了泻湖的温度。分析句子可知，空处作句子的

谓语，结合“overthelastdecade”可知，此处在叙述过去的动作持续到现在，时态应用现在完成时，且主语Climate

change为单数，助动词用has。故