进阶练19概要写作（满分范文）专练-新高考英语一轮总复习培优全

进阶练19概要写作（满分范文）专练（解析版）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、概要写作1．（2023·上海静安·统考二模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.SecondhandfashionstagesaebackFewfollowersoffashionwillforgetthemomentwhenasupermodelarrivedataNewYorkfashionweekdinner,wearinga1950sdress.Thenextday,ahuntforsomethingsimilarbegan.Thatwas2003.Fastforwardtothe2020sandsecondhandfashionisrenewinganewroundofcraze,andthistime,arguably,it’sbackforgood.Whensupermodelsanddesignerswerebuyingthingsatsecondhandmarketsandmatchingthemwithexpensivepieces,theactwasmorerelatedtotheoldidealofwhatfashionwas—verytrendbasedandveryseasonbased.Today,ordinarypeoplealwayswanttohavenewlooksbutthey’rebeingmoreawareoftheimpactoftheirchoicesontheenvironment,andthebestthingwecandointhisclimatecrisisistolimittheresourceswetakeoutoftheplanet.Secondhandfashionspeakstowhat’shappeningrightnow.Andtheworldisspeakingback.It’sestimatedthatthetotalresaleclothesmarketisexpectedtoriseinvaluefrom$96billionin2021to$141billionby2023.Morethan‘backforgood’,secondhandfashionlookssettobeethenewnorm.Theincreasedcraftsofrepairandupcyclingofferanothercontemporarydimensiontothetrend.There’sariseinyoungpeoplelookingatthingsthatalreadyexist,notonlytotakeinspirationfrom,butalsotouseasmaterialfornextstagecreation.Currentrepairandupcyclingskillsmaketheirwishareality.Evensocialmediaplatformsareonboard.“Onceyoustartfindingheatatthesecondhandfashionshop,itquicklyturnsintoanevergrowingaddiction.Eachpiecehashistorybehindit,”saidanonlinecelebritywith1.7millionfollowers.He,alongwithothercelebritiespostingvisitstoshopsofthiskind,haspushedupsales.Theirpowerinthefieldcan’tbeneglected._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Unlikeformerheat,todaysecondhandfashionisbackpermanently.paredwithfashionorientedprofessionals,ordinarypeopleturntosecondhandfashionoutofconsiderationforenvironmentprotection.Thehugemarketrisedemonstratesitspopularity.Theupgradedrepairandupcyclingcraftsmakefurthercreationpossible.Socialmediaalsostepin,withonlinecelebritiesinfluencingsalestoaddtothecraze.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，与过去不同的是，如今二手时尚永久回归。相比于以时尚为导向的专业人士，普通人出于环保的考虑而选择二手时尚。巨大的市场上涨表明了它的受欢迎程度。升级的维修和升级回收工艺使进一步的创造成为可能。社交媒体也参与进来，网红影响销量，助长了这股热潮。【详解】1.要点摘录①Fastforwardtothe2020sandsecondhandfashionisrenewinganewroundofcraze,andthistime,arguably,it’sbackforgood.②Whensupermodelsanddesignerswerebuyingthingsatsecondhandmarketsandmatchingthemwithexpensivepieces,theactwasmorerelatedtotheoldidealofwhatfashionwas—verytrendbasedandveryseasonbased.Today,ordinarypeoplealwayswanttohavenewlooksbutthey’rebeingmoreawareoftheimpactoftheirchoicesontheenvironment,andthebestthingwecandointhisclimatecrisisistolimittheresourceswetakeoutoftheplanet.Secondhandfashionspeakstowhat’shappeningrightnow.③Theincreasedcraftsofrepairandupcyclingofferanothercontemporarydimensiontothetrend.④Evensocialmediaplatformsareonboard.“Onceyoustartfindingheatatthesecondhandfashionshop,itquicklyturnsintoanevergrowingaddiction.Eachpiecehashistorybehindit,”saidanonlinecelebritywith1.7millionfollowers.He,alongwithothercelebritiespostingvisitstoshopsofthiskind,haspushedupsales.Theirpowerinthefieldcan’tbeneglected.2.缜密构思将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。Unlikeformerheat,todaysecondhandfashionisgettingbackpermanently.paredwithfashionorientedprofessionals,monpeopleturntosecondhandfashionoutofconsiderationforenvironmentprotection.Thehugemarketrisedemonstratesitspopularity.Theupgradedrepairandupcyclingcraftsmakefurthercreationpossible.Socialmediaalsostepin,withonlinecelebritiesinfluencingsalestoaddtothecraze.【点睛】[高分句型1]paredwithfashionorientedprofessionals,ordinarypeopleturntosecondhandfashionoutofconsiderationforenvironmentprotection.运用过去分词作状语对第二段进行了概括。[高分句型2]Socialmediaalsostepin,withonlinecelebritiesinfluencingsalestoaddtothecraze.用with的复合结构对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。2．（2023·上海徐汇·统考二模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.IsBanningSingleusePlastictheRightOption?Theharmfuleffectsofusingplasticarebeingincreasinglyapparent.Plasticdoesnotdepose,butbreaksdownintosmallerandsmallerparticles.Itthreatensournatureaswellasourhealth.Onepopularsolutiontotheproblemistoprohibitsingleuseplastics.IntheUK,supermarketsarebeingencouragedtosetupplasticfreeaisles,inwhichthefoodisdisplayedloose,andshoppersareencouragedtomakemoreenvironmentallyfriendlychoicesinpackingandtransportingtheirfood.Suchplansarewellintentioned,butitmaynotbebeneficialtoeliminate(清除)theuseofsingleuseplasticaltogether.Oneofthefieldswheresingleuseplastichasavitalroleisthefoodindustry.Whenfoodorfreshgoodsarepackedinplastic,theyareprotectedandpreserved,helpingthemremainfresherandkeepingthemfromspoiling.Singleuseplasticisalsocrucialinthemedicalindustry.Thisisnotjustbecauseofitslowcost.Ithelpstopreventthespreadofinfectionandthatisthebiggestbenefitofthematerialinthemedicalfield.Replacingplasticwithothermaterialsisneithersimplenorstraightforward,mainlyduetothechallengeoffindinganalternativethatbinesallthemostdesirableplasticproperties.Forexample,glassproductsareapotentialalternative,butcleaningthemwouldbeextremelyexpensivewhileincreasingtherisktohealth.Anotherissueisthatalternativematerialstoplasticareoftenmoreenvironmentallyharmfulthanplastic.Takepaperbags,forexample.ResearchbytheNorthernIrelandAssemblyshowsfourtimesmoreenergyisrequiredtomanufactureapaperbagthanaplasticbag.Ifpeoplerespondbysimplyusingothermaterials,abanonsingleuseplasticcanendupmakingtheproblemworse.Clearlythereisaneedtoreduceplasticwasteanditsimpactontheenvironment.However,simplybanningtheirsingleusemaynotbethebestoption.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考答案Plasticwastecancausegreatharmtobothnatureandourhealth.Banningsingleuseplastic,althoughwellintentioned,isnotthebestsolution,becausesingleuseplasticiswidelyusedinfoodandmedicalindustrytoensuresafetyandsavemoney.Besides,thealternativematerialsmaynothavethedesirableproperties,andcancausemoreharmtotheenvironment.(57words)【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了塑料垃圾会对自然和我们的健康造成很大的危害。禁止使用一次性塑料，虽然是出于好意，但并不是最好的解决方案。替代材料可能没有理想的性能，并可能对环境造成更大的危害。【详解】1要点摘录①Theharmfuleffectsofusingplasticarebeingincreasinglyapparent.Itthreatensournatureaswellasourhealth.②Onepopularsolutiontotheproblemistoprohibitsingleuseplastics.③Suchplansarewellintentioned,butitmaynotbebeneficialtoeliminate(清除)theuseofsingleuseplasticaltogether.④Oneofthefieldswheresingleuseplastichasavitalroleisthefoodindustry.Singleuseplasticisalsocrucialinthemedicalindustry.Thisisnotjustbecauseofitslowcost.⑤Ifpeoplerespondbysimplyusingothermaterials,abanonsingleuseplasticcanendupmakingtheproblemworse.⑥However,simplybanningtheirsingleusemaynotbethebestoption.2.缜密构思将第1要点单独概括，将2、3、4三个要点进行重组，将第5、6两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Plasticwastecancausegreatharmtobothnatureandourhealth.Banningsingleuseplastic,althoughwellintentioned,isnotthebestsolution,becausesingleuseplasticiswidelyusedinfoodandmedicalindustrytoensuresafetyandsavemoney.Besides,thealternativematerialsmaynothavethedesirableproperties,andcancausemoreharmtotheenvironment.【点睛】[高分句型1]Banningsingleuseplastic,althoughwellintentioned,isnotthebestsolution,becausesingleuseplasticiswidelyusedinfoodandmedicalindustrytoensuresafetyandsavemoney.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段后半部分和第二段进行了概括。其中省略的although引导的让步状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句表达非常高级。[高分句型2]：Besides,thealternativematerialsmaynothavethedesirableproperties,andcancausemoreharmtotheenvironment.用文章纽带连接副词Besides对第三段和第四段进行了概括，运用了并列连词and连接谓语，表达高级。3．（2023·上海·上海市建平中学校考三模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.MultitaskingAreyouamultitasker?DoyouwatchTVandcookdinneratthesametime?Doyouofteninterruptyourworktocheckyouremail?Doyoutalkonyourphonewhileyou’redriving?Ifyoudotheseorsimilarthings,thenyouareoneofmanymultitaskers.AccordingtoasurveybythemagazineScientificAmericanMIND,90percentofAmericanadultsmultitaskregularly.Mostpeoplesaytheymultitaskbecausetheyaretoobusy,andmultitaskingsavestime.Popularelectronicdevicesliketabletsandsmartphonesmakeitconvenienttodoseveraltasksatonce,sopeoplefeelliketheyaregettingmoredone.MelissaBrownofEvanston,Illinois,saysshehasnotroublelisteningtomusic,surfingtheInternet,andsendingtextmessagestofriendswhileshedoesherhomework.Recentstudies,however,showthatMelissaandotherslikeherareperhapsgettinglessdonethantheythinktheyare.That’sbecausewithmultitasking,thereareactuallymany“microinterruptions”inwhichpeoplestoponetask,startanother,andeventuallyreturntothefirstone.Thesestopsandstartsmakeitdifficulttoconcentrate,andsomultitaskersactuallywastetime,accordingtoastudyatMicrosoftCorporation.Inthestudy,workerswhointerruptedtheirworktoansweranemailortextmessagetookanaverageof15minutestoreturntotheworktheyweredoingbeforetheinterruption.Somepsychologistssaythatthehumanbrainjustisn’tgoodatconcentratingontwothingsatthesametime.Thisdoesn’tmatterifyou’reonlypreparingasaladandlisteningtotheradio,theysay.Butifyou’redoingadifficulttaskthatrequiresthinking,likewritingareport,thenmultitaskingcanslowyoudownandcausemistakes.Itcanevenbedangerous,asinthecaseofpeoplewhotalkonthephone,eat,orevenapplymakeupwhiledriving.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Multitaskinghasbeeapopularhabitmainlybecausetheyfeeltoobusyandmultitaskinghelpssavetime.However,studiesshowmultitaskingleadsto“microinterruptions,”makingitdifficulttoconcentrateandwastetime,causinglowproductivity.Moreover,ashumansarenotgoodatconcentratingontwothingssimultaneously,multitaskingcanmakepeopleslowatworkandcausemistakesanddangers.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，多任务处理已经成为一种流行的习惯，主要是因为他们觉得太忙了，而多任务处理有助于节省时间。然而，研究表明，多任务处理会导致“微干扰”，使人难以集中注意力，浪费时间，导致效率低下。此外，由于人类不擅长同时专注于两件事，多任务处理会使人们工作速度变慢，并导致错误和危险。【详解】1.要点摘录①AccordingtoasurveybythemagazineScientificAmericanMIND,90percentofAmericanadultsmultitaskregularly.Mostpeoplesaytheymultitaskbecausetheyaretoobusy,andmultitaskingsavestime.②Thesestopsandstartsmakeitdifficulttoconcentrate,andsomultitaskersactuallywastetime,accordingtoastudyatMicrosoftCorporation.Inthestudy,workerswhointerruptedtheirworktoansweranemailortextmessagetookanaverageof15minutestoreturntotheworktheyweredoingbeforetheinterruption.③Somepsychologistssaythatthehumanbrainjustisn’tgoodatconcentratingontwothingsatthesametime.Thisdoesn’tmatterifyou’reonlypreparingasaladandlisteningtotheradio,theysay.Butifyou’redoingadifficulttaskthatrequiresthinking,likewritingareport,thenmultitaskingcanslowyoudownandcausemistakes.2.缜密构思将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3三个要点进行分说。Multitaskinghasbeeapopularhabitmainlysincetheyfeeltoooccupiedandmultitaskinghelpssavetime.Butstudiesshowmultitaskingcontributesto“microinterruptions,”makingithardtoconcentrateandwastetime,causinglowproductivity.Besides,ashumansarenotexpertatfocusingontwothingssimultaneously,multitaskingcanmakepeopleslowatworkandcausemistakesanddangers.【点睛】[高分句型1]Multitaskinghasbeeapopularhabitmainlybecausetheyfeeltoobusyandmultitaskinghelpssavetime.运用because引导原因状语从句原文第一段和第二段进行了概括。[高分句型2]Butstudiesshowmultitaskingcontributesto“microinterruptions,”makingithardtoconcentrateandwastetime,causinglowproductivity.用现在分词作状语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。4．（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.KeepingtheKidsEatingHealthyFruitsandvegetablesaresuperimportantforkidstobeabletogrowuphealthyandstrong.Scienceremendsthatchildrenaged2to18getatleasttwoservingsoffruitandthreeservingsofvegetableseachday.Butgettingkidstoeattheirfruitsandvegetablesisofteneasiersaidthandone.Ifyouneedadditionalreasonstohelpyourkidsboosttheirintake,newresearchhasfoundthatstudentswhoeatmorefruitsandvegetablesmighthavebettermentalwellbeingthanthosewhoeatless.ArecentstudypublishedinBMJNutrition,PreventionandHealthlookedat9,000studentsfromacrosstheU.K.About7,500wereinsecondaryschool,and1,500wereinprimaryschool.Studentsselfreportedtheirdietandweregivenageappropriatetestsformentalwellbeingthatlookedathappiness,relaxationandhealthyinterpersonalrelationships.Thestudyfoundastrongassociationbetweeneatingmorefruitsandvegetablesandhighermentalwellbeingscores.However,onlyabout25percentofthestudentsmettheremendationofatleastfiveservingsofproduceaday.Anotherinterestingfindingconcernedbreakfast,anespeciallyimportantmealforschoolagekids,asitprovidesthefueltheyneedtolearnandfunctioningeneral.However,theresearchfoundthatmorethanoneinfivesecondaryschoolchildrenandonein10primaryschoolchildrendidn’tcatastandardbreakfastatall,andmanyjusthadasnackordrinkinplaceofameal.Thosewhohadafullbreakfasthadsignificantlybettermentalwellbeingscoresthanthosewhoskippedthemorningmeal.Inshort,thefindingssuggestthateatingahealthydietthatincludesafullbreakfastandatleastfiveservingsoffruitsandvegetablesadayleadstothebestmentalhealthoutesforchildren.Unfortunately,manystudentssurveyedweremissingthemarkwitheitherfruitsandvegetables,breakfast,orboth.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Fruitsandvegetablesareessentialtokids’growth,butitisdifficulttogetthemtoeat.Newresearchfindshigherintakeoffruitsandvegetablesandafullbreakfastbeneficialtoschoolchildren’smentalwellbeing.Despiteresearchers’advicetocatahealthydiet,manychildrenfailtoconsumetheremendedquantityoffruitsorbreakfast.(55words)【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，水果和蔬菜对孩子的成长是必不可少的，但很难让他们吃。一项新研究发现，多吃水果和蔬菜以及丰盛的早餐有利于学童的心理健康。尽管研究人员建议保持健康饮食，但许多儿童没有摄入推荐量的水果或早餐。【详解】1要点摘录①Fruitsandvegetablesaresuperimportantforkidstobeabletogrowuphealthyandstrong.

②Butgettingkidstoeattheirfruitsandvegetablesisofteneasiersaidthandone.③Thestudyfoundastrongassociationbetweeneatingmorefruitsandvegetablesandhighermentalwellbeingscores.④Inshort,thefindingssuggestthateatingahealthydietthatincludesafullbreakfastandatleastfiveservingsoffruitsandvegetablesadayleadstothebestmentalhealthoutesforchildren.⑤Unfortunately,manystudentssurveyedweremissingthemarkwitheitherfruitsandvegetables,breakfast,orboth.将第1、2和4、5几个要点进行重组，将第3要点进行整合。Fruitsandvegetablesareessentialforthegrowthofchildren,butitishardtoletthemeat.Eatingmorefruitandvegetablesandaheartybreakfastisgoodforthementalhealthofschoolchildren,anewstudyhasfound.Althoughresearchersremendmaintainingahealthydiet,manychildrendonotconsumetheremendedamountoffruitorbreakfast.【点睛】[高分句型1]Fruitsandvegetablesareessentialtokids’growth,butitisdifficulttogetthemtoeat.(运用it作形式主语，真正主语为不定式的结构)[高分句型2]Newresearchfindshigherintakeoffruitsandvegetablesandafullbreakfastbeneficialtoschoolchildren’smentalwellbeing.(运用了“find+宾语+宾补”结构)5．（2023春·上海杨浦·高三同济大学第一附属中学校考阶段练习）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.LearningtowriteeffectivelyI’vebeenwritingformostofmylife.ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.Thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.Whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuchwemightliketothinkso.Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter.Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting(lastingonlyashorttime)thought,thethoughtwilldie.Ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareitwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.ThepracticethatcanhelpyoupastyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatElbowcalls“freewriting.”Infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernonstop,usuallyfor1520minutes.Nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.Thegoalistogetthewordsflowing.Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillefromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.Nowyouhaverawmaterialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou’vepersuadedtositonthesideandwatchquietly.Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepagesasthedeadlinedrawsnear.Insteadofstaringatablank,startfillingitwithwordsnomatterhowbad.Halfwaythroughyouravailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftimeandthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Howcanyoubeeaneffectivewriter?ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersadvisesthatyoushouldseparatecreativewritingfromcriticalwriting.Mixingthetwomeanseitherkillingbrilliantideasorpresentingsomethinginprehensible.Toacquiretheskill,takedownyourthoughtsfreelytocaptureideasandkeeprevisingyourwritinguntilitbeesagoodpiece.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如果你想要成为一名有效的作家，《没有老师的写作》一书建议你应该把创造性写作和批判性写作分开。为了获得这项技能，你可以通过自由地记下你的想法来捕捉想法，并不断修改你的写作，直到它成为一篇好文章。①ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.②Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowriting.③Thepracticethatcanhelpyoupastyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiscalled“freewriting.”④Whenyouhaverawmaterialsusingthecriticalmindandwatchquietly,youwillendupstaringblanklyatthepagesasthedeadlinedrawsnear.⑤Halfwaythroughyouravailabletime,reworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.2.缜密构思将第2、3两个要点进行整合，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Itislikelythatyouwillbelievethiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepagesasthedeadlinedrawsnear.Throughthehalfavailabletime,youcanstopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Ifthefleetingthoughtcanbecapturedandsimplybesharedwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.【点睛】[高分句型1]：ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段内容进行了概括。其中that引导的定语从句表达高级。[高分句型2]：Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting(lastingonlyashorttime)thought,thethoughtwilldie.运用if引导的条件状语从句和while引导的时间状语从句对第二段主题进行了举例说明。表达非常高级。6．（2023·上海·南洋中学校考三模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheCrucialRoleofEarlyChildhoodEnvironmentTheenvironmentweareinaffectsourmoods,abilitytoformrelationships,effectivenessinworkorplay—evenourhealth.Inaddition,theearlychildhoodenvironmenthasaverycrucialroleinchildren’slearninganddevelopmentfortwoimportantreasons.First,youngchildrenareintheprocessofrapidbraindevelopment.Intheearlyyears,thebraindevelopsmoresynapses(神经元的突触)orconnectionsthanitcanpossiblyuse.Thosethatareusedbythechildformstrongconnections,whilethesynapsesthatarenotusedgraduallydisappear.Children’sexperienceshelptomakethisdetermination.TheNationalScientificCounciloftheDevelopingChildparesthedevelopmentofthebraintoconstructingahouse,stating,“Justasalackoftherightmaterialscanresultinblueprintsthatchange,thelackofappropriateexperiencescanleadtoalterationsingeneticplans.”Becausechildren’sexperiencesarelimitedbytheirsurroundings,theenvironmentweprovideforthemhasacrucialimpactonthewaythechild’sbraindevelops.Thesecondreasonthattheearlychildhoodenvironmenthassuchastrongroleinchildren’sdevelopmentisbecauseoftheamountoftimechildrenspendintheseenvironments.Manychildrenspendalargeportionoftheirwakefulhoursinearlychildhoodsetting.Forexample,ababybeginningchildcarewillspendupto12,000hoursintheprogram.Thisismoretimethanhewillspendinbothelementaryandsecondaryschools.Childrenwilltypicallyspendanother4,000hoursinkindergartenthroughthirdgradeclassrooms.AnitaRuiOlds,awellknownenvironmentaldesigner,believesthatweshoulddesignourearlychildhoodenvironmentsformiracles,notminimums.Shestates:“Childrenaremiracles.Believingthateverychildisamiraclecantransformthewaywedesignforchildren’scare.Whenweinviteamiracleintoourlives,weprepareourselvesandtheenvironmentaroundus.Wemakeitourjobtocreate,withgreatrespectandgratitude,aspacethatisworthyofamiracle!_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Therearetworeasonswhychildren’slearninganddevelopmentdependontheearlychildhoodenvironment.First,theenvironmentwherechildrengettheirexperiencesdeterminesthewayofchildren’sbraindevelopment.Second,paredtootherperiods,childrenspendmoretimeinearlychildhoodsettings.Soabetterearlychildhoodenvironmentshouldbesetforchildren’sbraindevelopment.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述幼儿环境对儿童的学习和发展有着非常关键的两方面的作用。【详解】1要点摘录①Inaddition,theearlychildhoodenvironmenthasaverycrucialroleinchildren’slearninganddevelopmentfortwoimportantreasons.②First,youngchildrenareintheprocessofrapidbraindevelopment.③Thesecondreasonthattheearlychildhoodenvironmenthassuchastrongroleinchildren’sdevelopmentisbecauseoftheamountoftimechildrenspendintheseenvironments.④Whenweinviteamiracleintoourlives,weprepareourselvesandtheenvironmentaroundus.Wemakeitourjobtocreate,withgreatrespectandgratitude,aspacethatisworthyofamiracle!2.缜密构思全文是“总分总”的结构。以上四句话分别描述每一段的主旨大意，因此概括全文内容可以使用它们的组合。3.遣词造句①Becausechildren’sdevelopmentsarecreatedbyeducation,theenvironmentweprovideforthemhasacrucialimpactonthem.②Manypeoplespendalargeportionoftheirwakefulhoursinplayingmobilephones.③Believingthateveryeffortwillcreateamirac