小学英语语法总结1

小学英语语法总结

1.人称代词

主格：Iweyousheheitthey

宾格：meusyouherhimitthem

形容词性物主代词：myouryourherhisitstheir

名词性物主代词：mineoursyourshershisitstheirs

2.形容词和副词的比较级

(1)一般在形容词或副词后+er

oldertallerlongerstronger,etc

(2)多音节词前+more

moreinteresting,etc.

(3)双写最后一个字母，再+er

biggerfatter,etc.

(4)把y变i,再+er

heavier,earlier

(5)不规则变化：

well-better,much/many-more,etc.

3.可数词的复数形式

Mostnouns+sabook-books

Nounsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iesastory一stories

Nounsendingins,sh,chorx+esaglass-glassesawatch-watches

Nounsendingino+sor+esapiano-pianosamango-mangoes

Nounsendinginforfe-forfe+vesaknife-knivesashel色shelves

4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)

bread,rice,waterjuiceetc.

5.缩略形式

I'm=Iamyou're=youareshe's=sheishe's=heis

it's=itiswho's=whoiscan't=cannotisn5t=isnotetc

6.a/an

abook,apeach

anegganhour

7.Preposition:

on,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at,behind.

表示时间：atsixo'clock,atChristmas,atbreakfast

onMondayon15thJulyOnNationalDay

intheeveninginDecemberinwinter

8.基数词和序数词

one-firsttwo-secondtwenty-twentieth

9.Some/any

1havesometoysinmybedroom.

Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?

10.be动词

(1)Basicform:am/are/is

(2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.

Myeyesare(not)small.

Myhairis(not)long.

(3)一般疑问句：AmIaChniese?Yes,youare.No,youaren't.

ArctheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren't.

Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn't.

11.therebe结构

肯定句：Thereisa...

Thereare...

一般疑问句:Isthere...?Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.

Arethere...?Yes,thereare./No,therearen't.

否定句：Thereisn't....Therearen't....

12.祈使句

Sitdownplease

Don'tsitdown,please.

13.现在进行时.通常用“now”.

形式：be+verb+ing

eg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.

You/We/Theyare(not)reading.

He/She/Itis(not)eating.

动词一ing的形式

Mostverbs+ingwalk——walking

Verbsendingine-e+ingcome-coming

Shortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonantrun-runningswim-swimming

14一般现在时。通常用“usually,often,everyday,sometimes”。

形式：

肯定句：

Igotoschoolonfooteveryday.

Shegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.

一般疑问句：

Doyoujumphigh?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.

Docshejumphigh?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.

否定句：Wedon'tgotoschoolonSundays.

Mymotherdoesn'tlikewatchingTVintheevening.

15.(情态)动词can,must,should后面直接用动词原形。

eg：

1.1/He/She/Theycansing.

2.Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.

16.一般过去时态

(a)be动词的过去式：

I/He/she/itwas(not)....You/we/theywere....

一般疑问句was,were放在句首。

(b)动词过去式：

肯定句：Iwatchedcartoons.

Shevisitedthezoo.

一般疑问句：Didyoureadbooklastnight?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn't.

Didshecleanthedeskjustnow?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn't.

否定句：Theydidn'tgothethepartyesterday.

Hedidn'tmakemodelshipslastweek.

⑶动词过去式的变化：

规则动词的变化：

Mostverbs+edeg.planted,watered,climbedo

Verbsendingine+deglikedo

Verbsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iedeg:study-studied

Shortverbsendinginav