新教材2024高考英语二轮专题复习小题天天必练阅读理解题型分类练八

阅读理解题型分类练(八)主旨大意题——文章大意类A[2023·山东省青岛市高三检测]In2014,MahoneyperformedanactofkindnessaspartofaFacebookchallenge.Shepickeda79­year­oldseniornamedWagner,whoregularlygavebacktothecommunity.MahoneywantedtoknowWagnerbetter,sotheyspentadaytogether,pickingupgroceriesandgettingtheirnailsdone.“Itwasthefirsttimeinyearsthatsomeonehadmadeadayabouther，”saysMahoney.TheirsharedexperiencegotMahoneythinking.Howmanyotherseniorsmightbenefitfromdedicatedattention?Shecameupwithaplan:findlocalseniorswithlong­timedreamsandworktofulfilltheirwishes.Shenamedthenewcharity:WeAreYoung,orWAYforshort.Seniorscannominate(提名)themselvesorbenominatedbysomeoneelse;wishesarethenassessedbyacommunitycommitteethatlooksatfactorssuchasage­relatedphysicalbarriers,socialisolationandfinancialneed.Melanienominatedherhusband,78­year­oldVictor,togorockhounding,ahobbyhe'dgivenupwhenitbecametoophysicallydifficulttoaccessthebaywherehehuntedforgeodes(晶洞).TheteamatWAYhiredaboatforhimandhissonsotheycouldreachthebayandsearchoutgeodesonthebeach.“Now,Victorhasregainedhisself­confidenceandiswillingtotakeonnewchallenges.Wewanttoshowthatanythingispossiblewiththesupportofothers，”saysMahoney.Uptonow,WAYhasdeliveredon41dreams,rangingfromahelicoptertripoverachildhoodblueberry­pickingspottotravellingtoTorontotowatchaBlueJaysgame.WhilehercharityoperatesonlyinNovaScotia,Mahoneyhasherowndream.EachWAYwishisrecordedonvideo,andshewantspeoplewatchingtobeinspiredtofulfillawishforaseniorintheirowncommunity.“Wewanttocreateanationalmovementthatshiftshowweasasocietyview,valueandsupportseniors，”saysMahoney.“Thatistheimpactwe'retryingtocreate.”1．WhydidMahoneysetupWAY?A．TocompleteaFacebookchallenge.B．Togivebacktolocalcommunities.C．Tododailychoresfortheelderly.D．Tohelpseniorsrealizetheirgoals.2．HowhasWAYaffectedVictor?A．Hehasmademorefriends.B．Hehasstartedanewhobby.C．Hehasbecomehigh­spirited.D．Hehasregainedhisson'ssupport.3．WhatdoesMahoneyintendtodobyrecordingvideos?A．Risetofameandfortuneovernight.B．Keepmemoriesalivefortheelderly.C．Positivelychangeourattitudetowardstheelderly.D．Improveinterpersonalrelationshipinthecommunity.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Lifelongdreams.B．Acharityforseniors.C．Problemsseniorsmeet.D．Anunforgettableexperience.B[2023·湖北省高三调研]Morecities,statesandregionsarecommittingtocomprehensiveclimateplanstodecarbonize(削减碳排放)transportationby2040.Theneedforactionisnow,andweneedtorisetothechallengequickly.Googletechnologyisunlockingourabilitytogenerateclimate­relatedinsightsandimpactontheglobe.Thetransportationsectoriswhereglobalgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsarerisingthequickest.In2018,GooglelaunchedtheEnvironmentalInsightsExplorer(EIE).UsingAI,thesystemsanalyzetransportationtrendsinacitybymode,helpinglocalgovernmentsassesstheirprogressintacklingGHGemissions.GHGinventoryprocesses(温室气体排放清单)traditionallytakemonthsandmultipledatasourcestocollect,andarenowhighlyefficient,allowinggovernmentstafftoreducethecostandpersonnelburdenofreporting.Inpursuitofhelpingmorecitiestakeactionagainstclimatechange,wewillmaketransportationinsightsavailableinEIEforover20，000citiesandregionalgovernmentsbytheendoftheyear,makingitoneofthelargestevercollectionsofhigh­quality,globallyconsistentenvironmentaldatasources.WithEIE,citieshavefreeaccesstoGoogle'suniquemappingdataandinsightssotheycandecideoncleanertransportpolicies.AspartofGoogle'smostambitiousdecadeofclimateaction,we'vecommittedtohelpingmorethan500citiesandlocalgovernmentsreduceatotalsumof1billiontonsofcarbonemissionsperyearby2030andbeyond.Asthewindowcontinuestonarrowoncarryingoutpoliciesandplanstoreduceemissions,we'recollaboratingwithotherassociations,committedtoaddressingclimatechange.OurworkwithCitiesClimateLeadershipGroup(C40)willhelpusbettersupporttheneedsofcities.Togetherwecanprovidehigher­qualitytransportationactivitydatatomeasureandtrackGHGemissionsataglobalscale,whilealsogivingstateandlocalgovernmentsresourcestobetterunderstandwhat'sworkingatalocallevel.5．WhatcanwelearnaboutEIEfromparagraph2?A．Ittakesovergovernmentstaff'swork.B．Itpredictstransportationtrendsinacity.C．ItresultsintherisingofGHGemissions.D．Itdealswithdatacollectionandanalysis.6．WhatisthepurposeoftheprojectEIE?A．TopromoteGoogle'sambitiousclimateaction．B．Tohelpcitiesmakemoresustainabledecisions.C．Toprovideenvironmentalprotectionresources.D.Topartnerwith40countriesforclimatesolutions.7．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“collaborating”inthelastparagraph?A．Cooperating.B．Compromising.C．Competing.D．Corresponding.8．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Googlehelpscalculatepeople'scarbonfootprintwithEIE.B．Localgovernmentsbenefitfromenvironmentaldatasources.C．Technologydoesitspartintheactionagainstclimatechange.D．Technologycanincreasepeople'senvironmentalconsciousness.C[2023·安徽省高三四月联考]Socialmediahascompletelytakenovereverydaylife,affectinghowsocietyrunsandchangingindividualsinwaysthateventheycanfeel.Whilesocialmediacanactasaplatformforpeopletoexpressthemselves,itcanalsobeoverwhelming,especiallyforhighschoolteens.ToteenagerBrysonLan,deletingsocialmediahelpedeliminateasignificantdistractioninhisroutineandkeepupwithteachers.“Iwasscrolling(滚动)throughsocialnetworkingsitessomuch，”Lansaid.“IwasalsostartingtostrugglesinceIenteredmyhighschoolyear.Whenschoolstarted,Iwassuperoverwhelmed(不知所措的),andIwasjustnotreadyforit.”Mostteenagersfearthatbyeliminatingtheseapps,theywillmissoutonconnectionswiththeirpeersandfeelasignificantlosstotheirsociallife.However,Lanfoundhedidn'tmissanythingduringhistimewithoutsocialmedia.Anotherproblemwithsocialmediaistheamountof“junkcontent”posted.Peopleareregularlypostingandupdatingonsocialmedia,andmuchofthecontenthasnomeaningtootherviewersandisultimatelya__time__suck．However,socialmediaisn'tallnegative.Socialmediacanbeaplacetodeveloppassionsandboostcreativity.Forexample,Lanfoundhisinterestinphotographyblossomafterseeingworksfromotherphotographersonsocialmedia.“Socialmediaisagoodplacewhereyoucanhaveaportfolio(作品集)oruploadyourworks，”Lansaid.“Alotofpeoplehavephotographyaccountsorartaccounts.Insomeways,Ithinkitactuallyfurthersyourhobby.”Thevastaudiencethatsocialmediacanreachbringsconvenienceandeffectivenessinthespreadofart.Althoughsomepeoplemightbediscouragedbyotherartists'impressiveworks,Lanisinspiredtoproducebetterphotographs.“Thankstothisrevolutionarydevelopmentofsocialmedia,wecanenjoyaworldwhereeveryoneiscloserthanbefore，”Lansaid.“Butwealsoneedtohavetheskillstomakegooduseofsocialmedia,andthatdependsoneachperson'sefforts.”9．WhatdidgettingridofsocialmediabringLan?A．Moredistractions.B．Confusionaboutlife.C．Asmallersocialcircle.D．Moreattentiononhisstudies.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“atimesuck”inParagraph4mean?A．Awasteoftime.B．Atimetable.C．Alackoftime.D．Atimeswitch.11．What'sLan'sattitudetowardssocialmedia?A．Doubtful.B．Unclear.C．Objective.D．Supportive.12．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Mostteenagers'opinionsonsocialmedia.B．Theeffectssocialmediahasonteenagers.C．Innovativedevelopmentofsocialmedia.D．Theproblemssocialmediabringspeople.[答题区]题号123456789101112答案阅读理解题型分类练(八)A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Mahoney成立慈善组织WAY，来帮助老年人实现愿望。1．答案与解析：D细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Shecameupwithaplan:findlocalseniorswithlong­timedreamsandworktofulfilltheirwishes.Shenamedthenewcharity:WeAreYoung,orWAYforshort.”可知，Mahoney成立WAY是为了帮助老年人实现他们的愿望。2．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段“Now,Victorhasregainedhisself­confidenceandiswillingtotakeonnewchallenges.”可知，WAY让Victor变得意气风发了。3．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据最终一段“EachWAYwishisrecordedonvideo,andshewantspeoplewatchingtobeinspiredtofulfillawishforaseniorintheirowncommunity.”可知，Mahoney录制视频的目的是主动变更我们对老年人的看法。4．答案与解析：B主旨大意题。依据其次段“TheirsharedexperiencegotMahoneythinking.Howmanyotherseniorsmightbenefitfromdedicatedattention?Shecameupwithaplan:findlocalseniorswithlong­timedreamsandworktofulfilltheirwishes.Shenamedthenewcharity:WeAreYoung,orWAYforshort.”结合全文，文章主要介绍了Mahoney成立WAY，来帮助老年人实现愿望。可知，这篇文章主要是介绍一个致力于帮助老年人的慈善机构。故选B。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要围绕Google在碳排放议题下所开展的全球气候变更数据库建立的过程和意义。表明白技术在应对气候变更的行动中发挥了作用。5．答案与解析：D细微环节理解题。依据其次段“UsingAI,thesystemsanalyzetransportationtrendsinacitybymode,helpinglocalgovernmentsassesstheirprogressintacklingGHGemissions.GHGinventoryprocesses(温室气体排放清单)traditionallytakemonthsandmultipledatasourcestocollect,andarenowhighlyefficient”可知，EIE主要进行数据收集和分析。6．答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。依据其次段“UsingAI,thesystemsanalyzetransportationtrendsinacitybymode,helpinglocalgovernmentsassesstheirprogressintacklingGHGemissions.”和第四段“WithEIE,citieshavefreeaccesstoGoogle'suniquemappingdataandinsightssotheycandecideoncleanertransportpolicies.”可知，通过EIE，城市可以依据EIE获得的数据确定更环保(干净)的交通政策。7．答案与解析：A词义揣测题。依据画线词下一句“OurworkwithCitiesClimateLeadershipGroup(C40)willhelpusbettersupporttheneedsofcities.”可知，画线词所在句意为：随着执行减排政策和安排的时间变得越来越紧迫，我们正在与其他致力于应对气候变更的协会合作，collaborating意为“合作”。8．答案与解析：C主旨大意题。依据