时文阅读与练习（含答案）-2023届高考英语复习备考

时文阅读：太阳能树

太阳能树是一种将太阳能技术与树状相结合的功能性发电机。它是一种可扩展

的产品，应用范围广泛，不仅可以产生足够的能量为单个家庭或整个社区供电，还

可以用于商业停车场为电动汽车充电。太阳能树是太阳能发电系统或其他清洁能源

的补充，让我们一起来了解一下吧。

阅读短文并回答问题

Asolartreeisastructureresemblingatreethatgeneratessolarenergyusing

photovoltaicpanels（太阳能光伏板）.Ithelpssolveanurgentglobalchallenge:Replacing

greenhousegas-emittingenergysourceslikeoilandgaswithrenewableenergy.Butthe

powergenerationpotentialofsolartreesisrelativelylimited,andtheirprimarypurpose

istoraisepublicawarenessaboutrenewableenergybygettingpeopletonoticeand

interact（互动）withsolarenergyinnewways.

Solartreesgenerallyhaveafirmmetal,plastic,orstonebasethatextendsupand

outinto“branches"onwhichsolarpanelsaremounted.Beyondthisbasicstructure,

thereisgreatdiversityinthedesignofsolartreeunits.Thesolartree/sphotovoltaic

“leaves“absorbsunlight,convertingitintoelectricitythatisconducteddownthrough

thetrunk-likecentralp川arofthestructuretoaninsidebattery.Manydesignsfeature

rotating（旋转的）panelsthatcanmovethroughoutthedayinordertoobtainthe

greatestamountofsunlight.

Solartreeshelppowerhomes,businesses,andpublicservices.Theycancreate

shadetohelpreducetheurbanheatislandeffectandprovideshelterinsevereweather

suchasrainstormsandheatwaves,creatinggreaterurbanresilienceinthefaceofclimate

change.Theyalsoenhancepublicspaces,providingchargingstations,andpowering

streetlights.

Incomparisontootherkindsofground-mountedsolarpaneldevices,solartrees

don'trequiremuchland.Theymakesolarenergygenerationpossibleinland-scarceareas

thatcan'tsupportvastsolararrays,aswellasplacesthatlacksufficientrooftopspacefor

panels.However,solarpanelsaremuchcheaperthansolartreesatpresentandhavefar

greaterenergygenerationcapacity.Therefore,presentsolartreedesignsoftenserveasa

supplementalsourceratherthanasaprimaryenergysource.

Atpresent,solartreesaren'tdesignedaslarge-scalesolarprojects,whichlimitstheir

abilitytocontributetothelow-carbonenergytransition.Still,theirvarieddesignsare

appealing.Thismakessolartreeseffectiveatdisplayingandtherebyeducatingpeople

aboutsolarenergy,andpromotingabusinessororganization'scommitmenttorenewable

energy.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofbuildingsolartrees?

A.Tobeautifytheurbanenvironment.

B.Todrawpublicattentiontosolarenergy.

C.Toreplacenon-renewableenergyresources.

D.Toprovidechargingservicesinemergencies.

2.Whatdoweknowaboutasolartree?

A.Itstoresenergyinitsownbattery.

B.Itcanadjustitsheightautomatically.

C.Itismadeofenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.

D.Ittransformssunlightintoelectricitybyitsmetalbase.

3.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Thedesignfeaturesofsolartrees.

B.Thewaysofsavingenergyincities.

C.Thebenefitsofsolartreestohumans.

D.Thedifficultiesofpromotingsolartrees.

4.Whatadvantagedosolartreeshaveoverotherground-mountedsolarpanel

devices?

A.Theyoccupymuchlessland.

B.Theyarecheapertomanufacture.

C.Theyaremoreeffectiveingeneratingenergy.

D.Theycanworkinvariousweatherconditions.

答案：BACA

生词

1.gas-emittingadj.排放气体的

2.pillarn.柱子，桥墩（尤指兼作装饰的）

3.resiliencen.恢复力；适应力

4.arrayn.阵列

语块

1.solarenergy太阳能

2.renewableenergy再生能源

3.solarpanels太阳能板

4.throughouttheday整天

5.publicservices公共服务

6.urbanheatislandeffect城市热岛效应

7.severeweather恶劣天气

8.chargingstations充电站

9.incomparisonto与..相比

10.contributeto有助于；对..做贡献

知识拓展

urbanheatislandeffect

城市热岛效应是指城市因大量的人工发热、建筑物和道路等高蓄热体及绿地减

少等因素，造成城市“高温化”，城市中的气温明显高于外围郊区的现象。在近地面

温度图上，郊区气温变化很小，而城区则是一个高温区，就像突出海面的岛屿，由

于这种岛屿代表高温的城市区域，所以就被形象地称为城市热岛。

时文阅读：远离人潮，年轻人青睐“逆向旅游”

为了躲避汹涌的人潮，“逆向旅游”逐渐在年轻人中兴起，一些非著名旅游小城

慢慢走入他们的视野。出于对假期里知名景点“人挤人”的厌倦，不少年轻人开始

尝试另一种选择，前往一些小众景点，寻求独特、轻松的度假体验。“逆向旅游”兴

起的真正原因是什么？又给旅游业带来什么新思考呢？一起来看看吧。

阅读短文并回答问题

Goingagainstthetideofflockingtowell-knowntouristdestinationsonvacation,a

growingnumberofholidaymakersinChinatendtospendtheirleisuretimeat

lesser-knownresorts（旅游胜地）.Reversetourism（逆向旅游）hasappearedasanew

trendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.

Accordingtodatafromanonlinetravelagency,thenumberofroomsbookedat

hotelsinless-traveledcitiesduringtheholidaywasup30percentyear-on-year.Bookings

forfour-starorfive-starhotelsinless-traveledplacesallincreasedatleast10-fold（十倍）.

Somelesser-knownscenicspotsposteddouble-digitgrowthduringtheholiday.

BaimaiquanParkinJinan,thecapitalofShandongProvince,received52,100visitsinthe

sevendays,up15.78percentyear-over-year.

Besidescrowds,somevacationerschoseless-traveledplacestosaveonthecostof

tripstopopulardestinations.Inaddition,lesser-knownattractionsarenotas"commercial”

asdevelopedonesandareabletooffermoreactualexperiencesandnaturalencounters.

Essentiallyspeaking,totalrelaxationisbecomingarealexpectationformanypeople

whentheytravel.Changesindemandmaybethefundamentalreasonforthepopularity

ofreversetourism.COVID-19isanotherkeyfactorfuelingreversetourism.As

precautionarymeasurescontinue,travelinghasanunpredictablequality.Travelershave

thusbecomemorecautiousandtendtochooselocalattractionsorplaceswithfewer

tourists.

“Theriseofreversetourismisnotabadthing/saidZhengzhouDaily.Itmeans

thatvacationersnowhavemoreoptions,whichbringsmorepossibilitiestothetourism

market.Moreimportantly,itnoted,thetrendissettoforcepopulardestinationsto

improvethemselvesinsteadofrestingontheirpasthonor.

JiangHan,aseniorresearcher;saidthatreversetourismwillbecomeoneofthe

futuredirectionsforthemarket,lbgivearealboosttothetourismmarket,Jiang

suggestedthatmoreeffortsbemadetotapthepotentialofunderrated,lesser-known

destinations.Itisnecessarytodigdeeperintothelocalcustomsandhighlightthelocal

characteristicstoimprovethequalityoflocaltourism.

1.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.ThepopularityoftravelagencyinChina.

B.Thecontributionsoftourismtotheeconomy.

C.Thehighincomeofhotelsduringholidays.

D.TheincreasingtrendofreversetourisminChina.

2.Whatmaybetherootcauseoftheriseofreversetourism?

A.TheimpactofCOVID-19.

B.Holidaymakers'changingneedsfortravel.

C.Thelowercostofheadingtoless-traveledplaces.

D.Thelackofinnovativeimprovementsinfamousattractions.

3.WhatdoesZhengzhouDailythinkofreversetourism?

A.Itwilldropwiththerecoveryofeconomy.

B.Itbenefitsbothtouristsandthetourismmarket.

C.Itishelpfultospreadlocalculturetotourists.

D.Itblocksthedevelopmentofsomepopularresorts.

4.WhatisJiangHan'sadviceondevelopingthetourismmarket?

A.Upgradingthesupportingfacilitiesintouristareas.

B.Improvingthemanagementrulesoftouristattractionsfurther.

C.Exploringthepotentialandfeaturesoflesser-knownattractions.

D.PromotingthelocalcharacteristicsofChinathroughonlinemedia.

答案:DBBC

生词

underratedadj.被低估了的

语块

1.flockto聚集到；涌入

2.touristdestinations旅游胜地；旅游目的地；旅游景点

3.leisuretime休闲时间

4.travelagency旅行社

5.scenicspots旅游景点

6.essentiallyspeaking从本质上讲

7.fundamentalreason根本原因

8.precautionarymeasures预防措施

9.tapthepotential挖掘潜力

时文阅读：100节车厢！世界最长客运列车诞生

据报道，瑞士雷蒂亚铁路公司近日开发出了一列由100节车厢组成、长约两千

米的超长火车。经吉尼斯世界纪录认证，这是全球最长的窄轨客运列车。这列火车

于10月29日从海拔1749米的普雷达出发，穿越瑞士境内最著名的朗德瓦萨高架桥

后，一路开到贝尔金，完成了其首次的正式旅程。长长的红色列车行驶在位于瑞士

阿尔卑斯山区的雷蒂亚铁路网上，与沿途风景相得益彰，吸引了不少火车迷和观光

客乘车体验。

阅读短文并回答问题

HighintheSwissAlps,StMoritzmadeitsnameasaplaceforpushingthe

boundariesofwintersports.Recently,theregioncontinueditslongtraditionof

expandingthelimitsofwhatispossiblewithaworldrecordattempt——notonsnowor

ice,butonrails.Tomarkthe175thanniversaryofSwitzerland'sfirstrailway,arailway

companycreatedtheworld'slongestpassengertrain-100cars,2,990tonnesand

almosttwokilometerslong.

Formedof25newelectrictrains,therecord-breaking1,906-metertraintookalmost

anhourtocoveraround25kilometersovertheimpressiveUNESCOWorldHeritage

AlbulaLine,whichisfamousforitsendlessswoopingcurvesandsteepinclines（斜坡）.

Themountainrailwaysareregardedasgreatfeatsofengineering.The62-kilometerline

betweenThusisandStMoritz,aworld-renownedmasterpieceofcivilengineering,took

justfiveyearstobuilddespiterequiring55bridgesand39tunnels.

UnlikemostSwissandEuropeanrailways,whichusethestandardgauge（标准轨星巨）

betweentherailsof1.435meters,therails,knownasRhaetischeBahnrails,arejustone

meterapart."Inordertocompletethetrain'sjourneysuccessfully,everythinghastobe

perfect.Weneedtobe100%synchronized（同步的），everysecond.Everyonehastokeep

theirspeedandothersystemsundercontrolatalltimes,“leaddriverAndreasKramer

said."WeneedtoknowtheAlbulaLineverywell,everychangeofgradient,andevery

incline/

ThemountainousSwisslandscapehasencouragedcreativetransportationsolutions

forgenerations,resultinginoneofthemosttrain-reliantnationsintheworld.Onaverage,

Swisscitizenstravelabout2,450kilometersbytrainannually—anestimatedquarterof

theirtotaltransportationsystem.In2021,SwissFederalRailwaysoperated11,260trains

carrying880,000passengersand185,000tonnesofgoodsperdayona3,265

kilometer-longnetworkwith804stations.Therefore,thesuccessfulrecordattemptwill

begreatforthelocalareaandforthecountryasawhole.

1.Whatistheworld'slongestpassengertraincreatedfor?

A.Celebratingthe175thyearofSwissfirstrailway.

B.Satisfyingpeople'sincreasingdemandfortransportation.

C.EncouragingpeopletopayattentiontoSwisswintersports.

D.Attractingmorevisitorstoappreciatethebe