2022年山东泰安第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题

泰安一中2021-2022学年第二学期期中考试高一英语试题注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThispageexplainshowtoprepareyourarticleforsubmissiontoanyofourjournals.Notethatlengthlimits,articletypesandotherjournalspecificinformationareavailableonthe“Authorinformation”pageoneachjournalwebsite.ThesubmittingauthorwillberequiredtoprovideanOpenResearcherandContributorID(ORCID)viatheonlinesubmissionsystem.ThebenefitsofregisteringanORCIDareoutlinedhere.ProvisionofORCIDsbyco-authorsisstronglyencouraged,butnotamust.Youarepermittedtosuggestsuitablyregularreviewers(审稿人),especiallyifyouarefromunderrepresentedgroups,suchaswomen,scientistswithdisabilities,earlyliferesearchers.However,wemaychoosetouseotherreviewers.EditorialrulesPleasecarefullyreadourrulepagebeforesubmittingandreviewourlicensingandopenaccessconditions.Paperssubmittedtoourjournalsarenormallypeerreviewedinasingle-blindfashion(authornamesarenothidden,butjudgenamesare).Unlessyouhaveselectedforpublicationofpeerreviewinformationforacceptedpapers,thereviewreportsandothercontactinformationrelatingtoyourpapershouldnotbesharedormadepubliclyavailable.Formatting(编排格式)yourarticleInordertomakesubmissionaseasyaspossibleforauthors,wehaveintroducedformat-freefirstsubmissionforthemajorityofourjournals,apartfromBiologyLetterswhichrequiresaWordversionuponfirstsubmissiontoenableaccuratelengthcalculation.Onceanarticlehasbeenacceptedforpublicationthemaincontributionmustbesubmittedasaneditablefile,notaPDF,andthesourcefilesofanyfiguresandtablesmustbeprovided.1.Whatarewomenespeciallysuggesteddoinginthetext?A.OfferingtheirORCIDs.B.Recommendingqualifiedreviewers.C.Focusingonaccessconditions.D.Measuringarticlelengthcorrectly.2.Whichcanwefindinthearticlessubmittedtothejournals?A.Writernames. B.Thereviewreports.C.Judges’emails. D.Judgenames.3.Whomisthetextprobablywrittenfor?A.Aneditor. B.Ajournalist. C.Aresearcher. D.Areviewer.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在某机构的期刊上发表论文的相关要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Youarepermittedtosuggestsuitablyregularreviewers(审稿人),especiallyifyouarefromunderrepresentedgroups,suchaswomen,scientistswithdisabilities,earlyliferesearchers.(您可以推荐适当的定期审稿人，特别是如果您来自代表性不足的群体，如女性、残疾科学家、早期生活研究人员)”可知，文中特别建议女性推荐合格的审稿人。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Editorialrules部分第一段的“Paperssubmittedtoourjournalsarenormallypeerreviewedinasingle-blindfashion(authornamesarenothidden,butjudgenamesare).(提交给我们期刊的论文通常以单盲的方式进行同行评审（不隐藏作者姓名，但隐藏评委姓名）)”可知，我们可以在提交给期刊的文章中找到作者的名字。故选A。3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段第一句中的“ThesubmittingauthorwillberequiredtoprovideanOpenResearcherandContributorIDviatheonlinesubmissionsystem.(提交作者将被要求通过在线提交系统提供一个开放的研究人员和贡献者ID)”可知，文章主要介绍了在某机构的期刊上发表论文的相关要求。由此可推知，本文最有可能是为研究者所写的。故选C。BWhenNarayanswamiwasinvitedtoadinnerbyafriendwhoworkedatNasa’sJetPropulsionLaboratory,shewasexcited.Manyoftheguestsflewplanes.“Imusthaveexpressedsomeyearning(渴望),”shesays,becausesomeonetoldher“Youshouldjointheflyingclub!”ThenextdayNarayanswami,whowas57atthetime,arrangedtomeetaninstructor.“Isaid‘Aren’tItooold?”Hesaid“We’vegotstudentsintheir80s.”NarayanswamigrewupinSouthwestLondon,andatgrammarschoolsufferedhorrificracistbullying.Thelibraryprovidedshelter.But,asshereachedherlateteens,shefeelfamilypressureforanarrangedmarriage;“Ireallyprotested,”shesays.“ButIwanttobeanastronaut!Mymothermadeapromise.Aslongasyouaregettinganeducationwewillnotlookforahusbandforyou.”NarayanswamistudiedbiologyatLeicesterUniversity,thendidaPhDatStAndrew,followedbypostdoctoralresearchattheUniversityofCalifornia.“Everytimeyoumoveyougetfurtheraway,”herdadremarkedonthephone.“Ididn’tfeelIwouldbeabletescapeunlessIdidthat,”shesays.In2020,aged64,Narayanswamifinished423lighthourssheneededtoearnherpilot'slicense.ThensheappliedtoNasa’sastronautcorps,butreceivedaveryappreciativerejection.Evennow,at66,shesays“Ihaven'tbeenabletofigureouthowtodealwithit.Itdoesn’tgoaway.”Theracistbullyingshereceivedasachildhascastaverylongshadow.Flyinghashelped.Itisaworkout:shehastotowtheplaneouttothetaxiway.Anditoffersadifferentperspective.“Icanseeeagles,bears,mountainlions,birdsofprey.Ilovethebeautyoftheclouds.Theyarelikehills.Vasterthanourhills,”shesays.Newpossibilitieshavearisen—NarayanswamichairstheboardoftheGeneralAviationAwardsintheUS—butshefindsrelaxingdifficult.Inlight,sheispartofahugenetworkofpeoplewhoarecommunicatingbyradiofrequency.Thereisnosenseofskincolour.Wearealltiedtogetherbyourvoices.4.Howdidtheinstructor’swordssoundtoNarayanswami?A.Disappointing. B.Embarrassing.C.Annoying. D.Encouraging.5.Whatdoesthe,underlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A.Acceptinganagedmarriage. B.Receivinganeducation.C.Keepingadistance. D.Makingapromise:6.WhatdoesNarayanswamithinkofNasa'srejection?A.Itindicatesprejudiceagainsther. B.Itruinsherchildhoodmemory.C.Itraisesconcernforherage. D.Itleavesroomfornegotiation.7.WhatdoesflyingbringtoNarayanswami?A.Agoodwayofrelaxation. B.Adifferentdimensionoflife.C.Arichknowledgeofwildlie. D.Afullexhibitionofleadership.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了纳拉扬斯瓦米从57岁开始学习飞行的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ThenextdayNarayanswami,whowas57atthetime,arrangedtomeetaninstructor.Isaid“Aren’tItooold?”Hesaid“We'vegotstudentsintheir80s.”（第二天，当时57岁的纳拉扬斯瓦米安排见了一位教练。我说“我不会太老了吗？”他说“我们有80多岁的学生。”）”可知，纳拉扬斯瓦米本来还是有些担心自己年龄太大了，听到教练的话，是比较令人鼓舞的，故选择D项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Mymothermadeapromise.Aslongasyouaregettinganeducationwewillnotlookforahusbandforyou.（我母亲答应了只要你接受教育，我们就不会为你找丈夫。）”及第三段中“NarayanswamistudiedbiologyatLeicesterUniversity,thendidaPhDatStAndrew,followedbypostdoctoralresearchattheUniversityofCalifornia（纳拉扬斯瓦米在莱斯特大学学习生物学，然后在圣安得烈大学获得博士学位，随后在加利福尼亚大学进行博士后研究。）”可知，此处that的指代的是上文中提到的接受教育能帮助她摆脱包办婚姻，故选择B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Evennow,at66,shesays:“Ihaven'tbeenabletofigureouthowtodealwithit.Itdoesn’tgoaway.”Theracistbullyingshereceivedasachildhascastaverylongshadow.（即使到了现在，66岁的她说：“我还不知道如何应对，这种感觉挥之不去。”她小时候受到的种族主义欺凌给她留下了很深阴影。）”可知，纳拉扬斯瓦米认为美国宇航局的拒绝是出于对她的偏见，故选择A项，【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Anditoffersadifferentperspective.“Icanseeeagles,bears,mountainlions,birdsofprey.Ilovethebeautyoftheclouds.Theyarelikehills.Vasterthanourhills,”shesays.（它提供了一个不同的视角。她说：“我能看到鹰、熊、山狮、猛禽。我喜欢云朵的美丽。它们像山一样。比我们的山还要广阔。”）”可知，飞行给她带来了生活的另一种维度，故选择B项。CInrecenttimes,withtheadventofelectriccars,theideatofuelthemwithsolarenergyalsogainedmomentum.Electriccars—eventhoughtheyrunonelectricityanddon’tusefossilfuels—arestillNOTGREEN!Peoplesufferfromthemisconceptionthatnotusingfossilfuelmeans“green”whichiskindofabsurd,consideringtheelectricityweuseisgeneratedbyburningtheverysamefuels!However,whatifyourcarhadsolarpanelsthatcouldchargeit?Nowthatwouldindeedbeagreenmachine!Basically,asmuchaswewouldliketoincorporatethisenergysourceintoourcar,theefficiencyofthecurrentlyusedsolarpanelsissubjecttothefulfillmentofdifferentcriteria.Firstlysolarpanelsoccupyalargeamountofarea.Anaveragecarhasanareaof10-25sq.ft.ontheroof.whichcangeneratebetween50-150Wunderidealconditions.Thisishardlyenoughpowertoilluminatealightbulb!Also,moderatesunnytemperatureneedstobeideal,asextremelyhightemperaturescanreducetheefficiencyofthesolarpanels.Carsmustworkinallweatherconditions,soifasolarpanellimitsthecar’sfunctionality,itbecomespracticallyuseless.Moreimportantly,thecostofthepanelsanddevelopmentrequiredtopowertheelectronicsusingthesun’senergyoutweighsthebenefitsthatsolarpanelsprovide.Mostcarstodaythathavesolarroofs,usethesolarenergytopoweronlyafewbasicfunctionsofthecar.Whilethereisstilltimebeforewewillbeabletodrivecarsfullypoweredbysolarenergy,therearesomealternatives,suchassolarpowerstations,whicharebeingdesignedtoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuelsforelectricity.Solar-poweredvehiclesaresurelythefuture,butnotthenearfuture.Asthecostofsolarpanelscontinuestofallandtheirefficiencyincreases,thingswillbegintolookmuch“brighter”forthisalternativeandsustainableoption!8.Whyaren’telectriccarsenvironmentallyfriendly?A.Theywon’tworkaswellasthecommoncars.B.Theyarenotpoweredbysolarenergy.C.Theyrunonelectricityproducedbyburningfuels.D.Theycausemorepollutiontotheworld.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?ATemperatureshavelittleeffectonsolarpanels.B.Poweringtheelectronicscostslittle.C.Acar’sroofgeneratesenoughpowertolightabulb.D.Theperformanceofcurrentsolarpanelsdependsonvariousfactors.10.Whatcanweinferaboutsolarenergyinthecarindustry?A.Mostcarshavesolarroofs.B.Carscanbecurrentlypoweredfromsolarpowerstations.C.Carspartlypoweredbysolarenergyareontheroad.D.Solarcarswillsoonbeavailable.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatdosolarcarslooklike?B.Whydon’twepowerthecarwithsolarenergy?C.Howdosolarcarswork?D.Couldsolarcarsreplacetheelectriccars?【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍目前的电动汽车虽不使用化石燃料，但仍然不是绿色的。目前使用的太阳能电池板的效率取决于是否满足不同的标准。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Peoplesufferfromthemisconceptionthatnotusingfossilfuelmeans“green”whichiskindofabsurd,consideringtheelectricityweuseisgeneratedbyburningtheverysamefuels!”（人们有一种误解，认为不使用化石燃料就意味着“绿色”，这是一种荒谬的想法，因为我们使用的电力是通过燃烧同样的燃料产生的!）可知，为什么电动汽车不环保是它们靠燃烧燃料产生的电力运转。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Firstly,solarpanelsoccupyalargeamountofarea.”（首先，太阳能电池板占据了大量的面积。）和“Also,moderatesunnytemperatureneedstobeideal,asextremelyhightemperaturescanreducetheefficiencyofthesolarpanels.”（此外，温和的阳光温度需要是理想的，因为极高的温度会降低太阳能电池板的效率。）以及“Moreimportantly,thecostofthepanelsanddevelopmentrequiredtopowertheelectronicsusingthesun’senergyoutweighsthebenefitsthatsolarpanelsprovide.”（更重要的是，利用太阳能为电子设备供电所需的电池板成本和开发成本超过了太阳能电池板提供的好处。）可知，目前太阳能电池板的性能取决于多方面的因素。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Whilethereisstilltimebeforewewillbeabletodrivecarsfullypoweredbysolarenergy,therearesomealternatives,suchassolarpowerstations,whicharebeingdesignedtoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuelsforelectricity.”（虽然我们还需要一段时间才能驾驶完全由太阳能驱动的汽车，但仍有一些替代品，如太阳能发电站，其目的是减少我们对化石燃料的电力依赖。）可知，目前，汽车可以由太阳能发电站提供动力。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Solar-poweredvehiclesaresurelythefuture,butnotthenearfuture.Asthecostofsolarpanelscontinuestofallandtheirefficiencyincreases,thingswillbegintolookmuch“brighter”forthisalternativeandsustainableoption!”（太阳能汽车肯定是未来，但不是不久的将来。随着太阳能电池板的成本持续下降，其效率不断提高，对于这种替代性和可持续性的选择，情况将开始变得更加“光明”！）可知，主要介绍目前的电动汽车虽不使用化石燃料，但仍然不是绿色的。目前使用的太阳能电池板的效率取决于是否满足不同的标准可知，D项“太阳能汽车能取代电动汽车吗?”为短文最佳标题。故选D。DNothingis“newandimproved”anymore.It'sallabouttheplus.“SomethingexcitingishappeninginMarch,”flowedoutanemailfromCBSAllAccess,alertingsubscribersthatthestreamingserviceisbeingrenamedParamount+.ThecompanyseekstokeeppacewithAppleTV+,ESPN+,Disney+,BET+,AMC+andothers.Videoservicesdidn'tstartthis.TheAppleII+cameoutin1979andCrest+toothpastein2002,ButTVstreamingcompaniesnowapparentlymustbebrandedplus,forfearthatconsumersperceivetheirofferingsasaminus.Muchofthishastodowithjustifyingamonthlychargefortelevision-whichusedtobefree.Amorecompletenamewouldbe“Paramount+aBill.”Huluusedtohavea"plus"service,whichwasamisnomersincewhatcustomersgotwithitwastheabsenceofads."We'vehadfunwithouroldfriendPlus,thecompanyexplainedina2015email,“butit'stimetomoveon.WejustwantedtoletyouknowthatweareretiringtheHuluPlusname.Fromnowon,wewilljustbeknownasHulu.NoPlus.Yetotherstreamingserviceshavebeendrawntotheplus,thanksinlargeparttothesuccessofDisney+,whichadded86millionsubscribersduringitsfirstyear.DisneyalsooperatesESPN+and,outsidetheU.S.,Star+.Afunnythingaboutmarketing:Aplusisalwaysaplusbutaminusisneveraminus—eventhoughmoreproductsarenotableforwhattheycutdown.Budweiserwouldn'tcallitslower-caloriebeerBud-.Therearefat-freepotatochipsandcookies,butPringles-orOreos-isabandoned.Americanshaveafondnessforplus-sizeportions,plus-sizeclothingandmediathathaveplussignsintheirnames.Mercifully,theplusthinghasn'tyetreachedmoreimportantaspectsofourlives.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inparagraph3referto?A.Appleservice. B.Videoservice. C.Plusservice. D.Streamingservice.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutHulu?A.Huluhasnoadsputin. B.Hulunolongerfollowssuit.C.Hulusufferedagreatloss. D.Hulucheateditssubscribers.14.Whywouldn'tBudweisercallitslower-caloriebeerBud-?AToavoidmisunderstandings B.Toimprovethebeer'squality.C.Tokeeppacewithothercompanies. D.Toprotecttheconsumers'interests.15.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthetrend?A.Objective. B.Critical. C.Tolerant. D.Skeptical.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了三月许多流媒体开始在自己的公司名字后面加上“+”，因为他们担心消费者会认为他们提供的产品是负值。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段““SomethingexcitingishappeninginMarch,”flowedoutanemailfromCBSAllAccess,alertingsubscribersthatthestreamingserviceisbeingrenamedParamount+.ThecompanyseekstokeeppacewithAppleTV+,ESPN+,Disney+,BET+,AMC+andothers.(CBSAllAccess在一封电子邮件中写道：“3月份正发生一些令人兴奋的事情。”这封邮件提醒用户，流媒体服务将更名为Paramount+。该公司试图跟上AppleTV+、ESPN+、迪士尼+、BET+、AMC+等公司的步伐)”可知，视频服务并没有采取这一加号服务，即this指的是“加号服务”。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“WejustwantedtoletyouknowthatweareretiringtheHuluPlusname.Fromnowon,wewilljustbeknownasHulu.NoPlus.(我们只是想让你知道我们要取消HuluPlus这个名字。从现在起，我们就叫Hulu吧。没有加号)”可知，Hulu不再效仿。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Afunnythingaboutmarketing:Aplusisalwaysaplusbutaminusisneveraminus—eventhoughmoreproductsarenotableforwhattheycutdown.Budweiserwouldn'tcallitslower-caloriebeerBud-.(市场营销中有一个有趣的现象：“加号”永远是“加号”，“减号”永远不是“减号”——尽管更多的产品因其削减的产品而引人注目。百威不会把它的低热量啤酒叫做Bud-)”可推知，百威不把它的低热量啤酒叫Bud-，是为了避免误解。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Mercifully,theplusthinghasn'tyetreachedmoreimportantaspectsofourlives.(幸运的是，加号这件事还没有影响到我们生活中更重要的方面)”可推知，作者对这一趋势持批判态度。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分。注意：在答题卡上E涂AB，F涂AC，G涂AD.)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IamnotsurehowmanybooksIhavereread,butperhapsitisfewerthantheaverageperson.____16____Thesourcematerial,though,isofcoursenot.IusedtotakethesameapproachtobooksasIdidtotravel:don'tgotothesameplacetwice.Lifeistooshort.____17____ThenIrealizedthatthefactthatlifeisshortmightworktheotherwayaround,too:ifyouknowyouenjoysomething,orsomewhere,thenwhynotreturn?RecentlyIrereadJosephHeller'sCatch-22.Iwasinspiredtodosowhenremindedofhowhe'drespondwhenpeoplerudelyaskedhimwhyhe'dneverwrittenanythingasgood:"Whohas?"Catch-22prettymuchsavedmylifewhenIfirstreadit.____18____Ihaddroppedoutofschooltwice,didn'tleavethehouseatallanddidn'thavealife.ItfeltasthoughIhadn'tlaughedinsuchalongtime.____19____Itmanagedtotakemeoutofthedarkworld,andthoughitsthemesare,ofcourse,serious,itsclevernesscheeredmegreatly.Irelatedtoitscharacterswhoarethemselvestrapped.Iamnowplanningtorereadthesortofbooksthatinspiredmeinmyownwriting.Iwon'ttakeabreakaltogetherfromreadingthemostrecentreleases.Ilovethesmellofnewbooksfreshfromtheprinters.____20____A.Catch-22hadmelaughing.B.Myfavouritesaresecondhandeditions.C.Thereisdiscomfortinreadingrecently-releasedbooks.D.AtthattimeIwasanextremelydepressed17-year-old.E.Forme,thepleasureofrereadingisanewlydiscoveredone.F.Thereissomuchtoreadandsomuchtoseeandexperience.G.However,Ihavedeterminedtodipmorefrequentlyintotheoldones【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.A20.G【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章通过作者读书的经历，表达了虽然喜欢新书的味道，但还是喜欢重读能够激励自己的旧书的观点。【16题详解】根据上文“IamnotsurehowmanybooksIhavereread,butperhapsitisfewerthantheaverageperson.”(我不知道我重读了多少本书，但可能比一般人少。)提到作者不知道自己重读了多少书籍可知，后面紧接着要说重读对于作者的意义。E项“Forme,thepleasureofrereadingisanewlydiscoveredone.(对我来说，重读的乐趣是新发现的。)”符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】上文“IusedtotakethesameapproachtobooksasIdidtotravel:don'tgotothesameplacetwice.Lifeistooshort.”(我过去对待书籍和旅行的态度是一样的：不要去同一个地方两次。生命太短暂了。)说明之前作者对待书籍和对待旅行的态度是一样的，作者不会去同一个地方，不读同一本书，是因为生命太短暂，需要经历的东西太多。F项“Thereissomuchtoreadandsomuchtoseeandexperience.(有太多的东西要读，太多的东西要看和经历。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据下文“Ihaddroppedoutofschooltwice,didn'tleavethehouseatallanddidn'thavealife.”(我曾两次辍学，根本没有离开家，没有生活。)可知，这里作者讲述了自己的故事，D项“AtthattimeIwasanextremelydepressed17-year-old.(当时我17岁，极度抑郁。)”符合语境。故选D。【19题详解】根据下文“Itmanagedtotakemeoutofthedarkworld,andthoughitsthemesare,ofcourse,serious,itsclevernesscheeredmegreatly.”(它成功地把我带出了黑暗的世界，当然，尽管它的主题是严肃的，但它的智慧让我大受鼓舞。)可知，本段要介绍一本能够激励作者的书。A项“Catch-22hadmelaughing.(《第二十二条军规》让我笑了。)”符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】上文“Iwon'ttakeabreakaltogetherfromreadingthemostrecentreleases.Ilovethesmellofnewbooksfreshfromtheprinters.”(我不会完全从阅读最新版本中休息。我喜欢刚从印刷厂出来的新书的味道。)说道作者喜欢新书的味道，结合倒数第二段最后一句“Iamnowplanningtorereadthesortofbooksthatinspiredmeinmyownwriting.”(我现在正计划重读那些启发我写作的书。)可推测此处应该表转折，表达“自己还是喜欢重读旧书”。G项“However,Ihavedeterminedtodipmorefrequentlyintotheoldones.(然而，我决定更频繁地使用旧的。)”符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题多给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Somekidsaretooyoung.Maybetheywillnotrememberthistimeofsocialdistancingand___21___duringtheglobalpandemic(行病).Other___22___teenswillrememberschoolsclosing，playgroundsoff-limitsandno___23___tofamilyorfriendsforever.Myfather-in-law,Hub,hadagreatmemory.Heoftentoldofhisspecialtime.However,what___24___memostwasthedetailabouthisteddybear.Hewas5atthetime.HisoldestsisterAlicegotsick,andthedoctordiagnosed(诊断)itasscarletfever(猩红热).Outbreaksofscarletfeverintheearly1900swereoften___25___orleftchildrenwithlifelongdisabilities.Itwasalsohighlycontagious(感染性的).ThedoctorsaidHubandhisanotheroldersisterMabelhadtostayaway___26___Alicegotbetter.Laterinlife,Hubputhismemoriestopaper.Hewrote,"TherewasnoplacetogoexcepttoGrandpaandGrandmas'justdowntheroad.we___27___andweresentofftotheirhouse.Myteddybearfelloffthecoasterwagon,but___28___,manfounditontheroadandgaveitback.Itwassoimportanttome.It___29___meoutofthedaysspentwaitingoutinthefrontyard,watchingthemenworkonthehighwayandwaitingformysisterMabeltoreturnfromschool."Theystayedwiththeirgrandparentsforthreeorfourweeks."Itwasahappyday_____30_____,"Dadtolduswecouldgohome.Whatwillbeourmemoriesofthistimeinhistory?Ihopewerememberfamily,friendsandneighborscaringforoneanother.Ihopewerememberthe_____31_____medicalpersonnelsacrificingtheirownhealththetruckdrivers,foodserviceworkersandallthecashierwhokeptgrocerystores_____32_____.Besides,neverforgetthegarbagecollectorsandthatthemailkeptcominghopeweremembertheplantsmanufacturinfacemasksandventilators(呼吸机),andthescientist_____33_____tofindvaccine(疫苗).Ihopewerememberhowfears_____34_____alongshadowandhowwerenewsoulsearching.Wearewritinghistory._____35_____wewriteitwell.21.A.connection B.relationship C.difference D.isolation22.A.smaller B.bigger C.younger D.older23.A.calls B.parties C.visits D.talks24.A.came B.struck C.occurred D.attracted25.A.deadly B.slight C.easy D.sharp26.A.before B.until C.after D.when27.A.sortedout B.pickedup C.packedup D.putup28.A.unfortunately B.fortunately C.suddenly D.immediately29.A.took B.reviewed C.forgot D.recalled30.A.that B.when C.while D.where31.A.diligent B.busy C.tired D.white32.A.close B.away C.clean D.open33.A.running B.working C.racing D.competing34.A.cast B.drag C.bright D.extend35.A.Should B.Can C.Must D.May【答案】21.D22.D23.C24.A25.A26.B27.C28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述岳父在他姐姐得传染病期间发生的故事，告诉他人在病毒大流行这一特殊历史时期所得到的一些感悟。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许他们不会记得，在全球流行病期间的社交距离和隔离。A.connection联系；B.relationship关系；C.difference差异；D.isolation隔离。根据“socialdistancing(社交距离)”以及“duringtheglobalpandemic(在全球性的流行病期间).”可知，在流行病期间，人与人在有必要的情况下要保持社交距离和进行隔离。故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他年龄较大的青少年会记得学校关闭，游乐场禁止入内，不能走亲访友。A.smaller更小的；B.bigger更大的；C.younger更年轻的；D.older年龄更大的。根据上文“Somekidsaretooyoung.Maybetheywillnotrememberthistimeofsocialdistancingand1duringtheglobalpandemic(流行病).(有些还太小了。也许他们不会记得，在全球流行病期间的社交距离和隔离)”及本句下文“teenswillremember”可知，能记住事情应该是年龄更大一些的孩子。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他年龄较大的青少年会记得学校关闭，游乐场禁止入内，不能走亲访友。A.calls电话；B.parties聚会；C.visits拜访；D.talks谈话。根据上文“schoolsclosing，playgroundsoff-limits”可知，这个时期学校关闭，游乐场禁止入内，所以此处应和上文意义一致，不能去拜访家人或朋友。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，最打动我的是他的泰迪熊的细节。A.came来；B.struck给（某人以……）印象，让（某人）觉得；C.occurred发生；D.attracted吸引。根据上文“Heoftentoldofhisspecialtime.(他经常讲述他的特殊时期)”及下文“memostwasthedetailabouthisteddybear.”可知，岳父对他的泰迪熊的回忆，令作者印象深刻。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：20世纪初爆发猩红热通常是致命的，或者导致儿童终身残疾。A.deadly致命的；B.slight轻微的；C.easy容易的；D.sharp锋利的，尖锐的。结合下文中“leftchildrenwith1ifelongdisabilities(儿童留下终身残疾)”可知，这种病会使小孩终身残疾，说明疾病的危害是致命的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：医生说哈勃和他的另一个姐姐梅布尔，必须离开，直到爱丽丝好起来。A.before在……之前；B.until直到……为止；C.after在……之后；D.when当……时。根据上文“HisoldestsisterAlicegotsick(他的姐姐爱丽丝生病了)”及“Itwasalsohighlycontagious(感染性的).(这种病也具有极高感染性)”可知，医生让哈勃和他的另一个姐姐梅布尔，必须离开，一直要到爱丽丝好起来。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们收拾好行李，被送到他们家。A.sortedout整理；B.pickedup捡起；C.packedup收拾；D.putup建立。根据上文“TherewasnoplacetogoexcepttoGrandpaandGrandma’sjustdowntheroad.(除了去马路那头的爷爷奶奶家，没有别的地方可去)”及下文“weresentofftotheirhouse.(被送到他们家)”可知，除了爷爷家没有地方可去，所以此处指哈勃和他的姐姐梅布尔收拾好（行李），被送到了爷爷家。故选C项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的泰迪熊从四轮马车上掉下来了，不过幸运的是，一个人在路上捡到了它，还给了我。A.unfortunately不幸地；B.fortunately幸运地；C.suddenly突然地；D.immediately立刻，马上。根据下文“amanfounditontheroadandgaveitback.(一个人在路上捡到它，把它还给了我)”可知，有人在路上见到它并把泰迪熊还给哈勃，所以这是很幸运的事。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使我摆脱了在前院等待的日子，看着人们在高速公路上工作，等待我姐姐梅布尔放学回来。A.took拿走，花时间或钱；B.reviewed回顾，反思；C.forgot忘记；D.recalled回忆。根据下文“daysspentwaitingoutinthefrontyard，watchingthemenworkonthehighwayandwaitingformysisterMabeltoreturnfromschool.”可知，在爷爷家的这段日子哈勃过得是很无聊，结合上文“Itwassoimportanttome.(它对我太重要了)”可以推知，此处是说这只泰迪熊带走了那段日子的苦闷，让我免受等待的日子。故选A项。【30题详解】考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意：爸爸告诉我们可以回家了，那是个快乐的日子。A.that人，事物；B.when时间，当……时；C.while当……时；D.where地点。分析句子结合句意可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为day，在从句中作时间状语，所以用when引导该从句。while不用于引导定语从句，排除。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我们记得那些牺牲了自己的健康、疲惫的医务人员，卡车司机，食品服务工作者，还有那些营业的杂货店的收银员。A.diligent勤奋的；B.busy忙碌的；C.tired疲惫的；D.white白的。根据下文中“medicalpersonnelsacrificingtheirownhealth(医护人员牺牲他们的健康)”可知，医护人员牺牲他们的健康来竭力抢救病人，由此可知，他们很疲惫。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我们记得那些牺牲了自己的健康、疲惫的医务人员，卡车司机，食品服务工作者，还有那些营业的杂货店的收银员。A.close关闭的；B.away远离的；C.clean干净的；D.open开门的，营业着的。根据上文“foodserviceworkersandallthecashierswhokeptgrocerystores(食品服务人员和所有经营杂货店的收银员)”可知，此处指食品服务工作者，还有那些让杂货店保持“营业”的收银员们。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我们还记得那些制造口罩和呼吸机的工厂，还有那些竞相寻找疫苗的科学家。A.running跑步；B.working工作；C.racing抓进时间，赶时间；D.competing竞赛。根据上文“heplantsmanufacturingfacemasksandventilators(他的工厂生产口罩和呼吸机)”及下文“tofindavaccine.(找到一种疫苗)”可知，工厂制造口罩和呼吸机，科学家们抓紧时间研发疫苗。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我们能记住恐惧是如何投下长长的阴影，以及我们如何重新开始自我反省。A.cast投射；B.drag拖，拉；C.bright使变得光亮；D.extend使伸长。短语castalongshadow表示“给……投下很长的阴影”，指影响深远。根据上文“werememberhowfears(我们会记得是多么的恐怖)”及下文“alongshadow(长长的阴影)”可知，此处指历史上的这个时期的影响是很大且深远的。故选A项。【35题详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：希望我们写得好。A.Should应该；B.Can能；C.Must必须；D.May但愿，希望。根据上文“Wearewritinghistory(我们在书写历史)”可知，我们在书写历史，所以希望我们能够写得好。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividesayearinto24solarterms.TheSpringEquinox(春分),asthefourthtermoftheyearstartsonMarch20___36___endsonAprilthisyear.TheSpringEquinoxsignalstheequal___37___(long)ofthedayandnighttime.ThedayoftheSpringEquinoxis___38___thesunisdirectlyabovetheequator.Aftertheequinox,thesunmovesnorthwards,resultingin___39___(gradual)longerdaytimeintheNorthernHemisphereandlongernightintheSouthernHemisphere.StandinganegguprightisapopulargameacrossthecountryduringtheSpringEquinox.Itisanoldcustomthat___40___(date)backto4,000yearsago.Peoplepracticethistraditiontocelebratethecomingofspring.It___41___(believe)thatifsomeonecanmaketheeggstand,hewillhavegoodluckinthefuture.TheSpringEquinoxis___42___goodtimetoflykites.Inancienttimes,peopledidnothavegoodmedicalresources.So___43___(pray)forgoodhealth,theywrotetheirmedicalissuesonpaperkite.Whenthekitewas___44___theair,peoplewouldcutoffthestringyletthepaperkitefloataway,____45____(symbolize)theflyingawayofdiseases.【答案】36.and37.length38.when39.gradually40.dates41.isbelieved42.a43.topray44.in45.symbolizing【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“春分”这个节气以及一些相关活动。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：春分，作为一年的第四个节气，今年从3月20日开始，到4月结束。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：春分标志着白天和黑夜的时间长度相等。空处作宾语，表示“长度”应用名词length，不可数。故填length。【38题详解】考查表语从句。句意：春分是太阳直射赤道的日子。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导。故填when。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：春分之后，太阳向北移动，北半球的白天逐渐变长，南半球的夜晚逐渐变长。修饰形容词longer应用副词gradually。故填gradually。【40题详解】考查时态。句意：这是一个可以追溯到4000年前的古老习俗。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，定语从句中主语为anoldcustom，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。【41题详解】考查固定句型。句意：人们相信，如果有人能把鸡蛋立起来，他将来就会有好运。表示“人们相信……”句型为Itisbelievedthat。故填isbelieved。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：春分是放风筝的好时节。time表示“时节”为泛指，且good是发音以辅音音素开