Unit1FestivalsandCelebrationsDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件高中英语人教版2

Unit1FestivalsandCelebrationsDiscoveringUsefulStructures

Describefestivalactivities①Readthesentencesbelowanddiscussthefunctionsandmeaningsoftheitalicised-ingform.Findmoreexamplesfromtheunit.Theselanternsareamazing.作表语，常放在系动词之后DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinChina,familiesgathertoadmiretheshiningmoonandenjoydeliclousmooncakes.作前置定语，修饰名词moonFamiliescelebratingtheLunarNewYearcanenjoyexcitingdragondancesandcarnivalstogether.celebratingtheLunarNewYear短语作后置定语，修饰families;exciting作前置定语，修饰dragondances②ReadthefollowingmessagespostedbysomeexchangestudentsonanInternetforum.Underlinethe-ingformusedastheattributeorthepredicative.Discussion:Whichfestivalisthebest?RioCernival!Ispentareallyfundaytherewithmyfriends.Itwasgreatfunwalkingalongthestreets,enjoyingtherelaxingatmosphere!Theperformanceswerejustamazing.TheSpringFestivalinChina,especiallythedinnerontheLunarNewYear'sEve!Allfamilymembersgettogether.AndIgetluckymoneyinredenvelopesfrommyparentsandrelatives,soit'salwaysanexcitingtimeforme.PerhapsThanksgiving.Whatcouldbebetter?Familiesgettingtogetherandeatingdeliciousfood,peoplewatchingsportsgamesonTV,friendslaughingandtalking,etc.Plusthere'sBlackFriday,ifshoppingisyourthing.Ithinkit'sChristmas.Ijustcan'ttakemyeyesofftheshininglightsontheChristmastreeseverywhere.Lotsofsmilingfaces,andpeoplesingingChristmascarolsandwishingeachother"MerryChristmas!”③Completethepassagewiththeappropriate-ingform.LaTomatinaisafestivalthattakesplaceintheSpanishtownBuholeveryAugust.Ithinkmanyfoodfestivalsare____________becausepeoplearejusteating.However,thisfestivalis___________becausepeopledon'tactuallyeatthetomatoes.Instead,theythrowthemateachother!Thenumberofpeople_________partinthistomatofightcanreachupto20,000,anditisavery_________fightthatlastsforawholehour.The_________thingishowcleanBunolisafterthetomatoesarewashedawayafterthefight.Thisisbecausethejuicefromtomatoesisreallygoodformakingsurfacesclean!Payattentiontotheusageoftheunderlinedwords.*IthinktheRioCarnivalwouldbethemostexciting.*Doyoumindpassingmethatdictionary?表语宾语*AnotherexampleisHalloween,whichslowlybecameanexcitingfestivalforchildren,inspiteofitsreligiousorigins.*Hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetoffforShanghai.定语状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1、动词-ing形式表示主语的内容时，可以转换到句首作主语。【例句】Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.

Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.

她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。【例句】Herdutyistakingcareofthebabies.＝Takingcareofthebabiesisherduty.照看婴儿是她的职责。2、动词-ing形式表示主语的某种性质和特征时，通常可以看作形容词。常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing，amusing，confusing，disappointing，boring，encouraging，inspiring，moving，tiring，interesting，surprising等。【例句】Theproblemisquitepuzzling.

这个问题很令人困惑。【例句】Thefilmwesawlastnightwasverymoving.

我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。(1)作表语时，系动词除be外还有appear，sound，look，become，come，get，go，grow，keep，remain，seem等。(2)动词－ing形式作表语用时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；而进行时态中的动词－ing形式是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。【例句】Thepresentsituationisencouraging.(表语)

目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。【例句】Thepresentsituationisencouragingustostrideforwardinproduction.(现在进行时)

目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。【例句】Theproblemisquitepressing.(表语)

问题很紧迫。1．Thepresentsituationis__________(terrify)．目前形势令人惊恐。2．Thisquestion________________(discuss)atthemeeting.这个问题正在会上讨论。terrifyingisbeingdiscussed3．Mysister’shobby_________(play)games．我妹妹的爱好是玩游戏。4．Heaskedan_____________(embarrass)question．他提了一个令人难堪的问题。5．Doyouknowthenumberofpeople________totheparty?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？isplayingembarrassingcoming二、动词-ing形式作宾语1.后接动词-ing作宾语的动词

此类词有很多,常见的以口诀形式列举如下:建议suggest/advise考虑consider保持keep练practise允许permit/allow想象imagine否deny冒险risk阻止prevent错过miss完finish避开avoid/escape介意mind抵制resist承admit喜欢enjoy►Ioftenpractiselisteningandspeaking.我经常练习听和说。►Doyoumindpassingmethatdictionary?你介意递给我那本词典吗?2.后接动词-ing作宾语的动词短语此类短语有很多,如:feellike(想),can'thelp(忍不住),giveup(放弃),putoff(推迟),insiston(坚持)等。►Whenhedoesn'tfeelliketalking,wejustlethimbe.他不想说话时,我们就任其自便吧。►Shecouldn'thelpcryingwhensheheardthenews.听到那则消息她忍不住哭起来。容易被忽视的短语后接动词-ing的情况列举如下:1.有些短语其后to不是不定式符号,而是介词,后面可接动词-ingobjectto反对leadto导致stickto坚持payattentionto注意lookforwardto期望getdownto着手getriseto引起beopposedto反对beused/accustomedto习惯2.有些短语或句式中介词经常省略,要注意此时后面仍接动词-ingspend...(in)bebusy(in)havea（n）...time(in)havedifficulty/trouble(in)Thereisnopoint(in)stop/prevent...(from)1、Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultythefreshmenhad________

(consult)theFrenchdictionary.

2、Ididn'tmean________(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn'thelp________(try)it.

consultingtoeattrying3、Theseflowersneed________（water）.=Theseflowersneedtobewatered.watering三、动词-ing形式作状语1.动词-ing作状语时其形式的选择形式内在含义doing与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,与谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生。having

done与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,且先于谓语动作发生。having

beendone与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且先于谓语动作发生。动词-ing作状语用法作时间状语相当于when/while/after等引导的时间状语从句作原因状语相当于as/since/because引导的原因状语从句作条件状语相当于if/unless引导的条件状语从句作让步状语相当于though/although等引导的让步状语从句作结果状语表示自然而然的结果,可扩展为并列分句或定语从句作方式或伴随状语表示与谓语动作同时发生的次要(或伴随)动作,通常可扩展为并列分句。2.动词-ing作状语的语法功能►Hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetoffforShanghai.→Whentheyheardthenews,theyimmediatelysetoffforShanghai.听到这个消息,他们立即出发去上海了。(时间)►Beingtired,Istoppedtohavearest.→BecauseIwastired,Istoppedtohavearest.我累了,停下来休息。(原因)►Hecomeshomeverylateeveryevening,makinghiswifeveryangry.→Hecomeshomeverylateeveryevening,anditmakeshiswifeveryangry.→Hecomeshomeverylateeveryevening,whichmakeshiswifeveryangry.他每天晚上回家都很晚,这使他妻子很生气。(结果)►Istoodthere,waitingforher.→Istoodthere,an