2022年云南省丽江市高一下学期4月月考英语试卷

2021-2022学年云南省丽江市高一下学期4月月考英语试卷AFromwriterstoscientists,herearetheamazingstoriesofwomenyoumaynotknowabout,butcertainlyshould.MurasakiShikibuYoumaybefamiliarwithlotsofnovelsbymenwriters,fromMarkTwaintoCharlesDickens.Buttheirworksmaynotevenhaveexistedifithadn'tbeenforMurasakiShikibu,aJapanesewomanwidelyconsideredtobetheworld'sfirstnovelist.Inadditiontoatwo-partnovelcalledTheTaleofGenji,Shikibualsowroteabookofpoems.MariaSibyllaMerianToday,childrenasyoungaspreschoolagecanhappilyexplainhowacaterpillar（毛虫）turnsintoabutterfly.Buttherewasatimewhennooneknewthis-notevenscientists.Untilthe1670s,scientiststhoughtthatcaterpillarsandbutterfliesweretwocompletelydifferentcreatures.ThankstoMariaSibyllaMerian,weknowthetruthaboutthesebeautifulinsects.AdaLovelaceAdaLovelace,bornin1815，wasthedaughterofthefamousBritishpoetLordByron,butshewasn'tapoetherself.Shewastheworld'sfirstcomputerprogrammer.Lovelace'smathematical（数学的）talentwasobviousatayoungageandcaughttheattentionofCharlesBabbage.Babbagedesignedtheearlycomputingmachinethathehopedwouldbeabletoquicklysolvemathproblems.InadditiontohelpingBabbagedesigntheearlycomputerprogram,Lovelacewasalsothefirsttorecognizethatthemachinemightbeabletodomorethancalculation.TuYouyouTuYouyou,bornin1930，becamethefirstChinesescientisttowintheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.Inthe1970s,Tuworkedtofindawaytopreventthespreadofmalaria（疟疾）.Shediscoveredartemisinin（青蒿素），whichisusedinlife-saving,malaria-fightingdrugsaroundtheworldtoday.WhatcanwelearnaboutMurasakiShikibu？______A.Shewasafamouspoet. B.Shewashighlyeducated.C.Shewasanaward-winningwriter. D.Shewasapioneerinnovelwriting.WhatisAdaLovelacebestknownfor？______A.Herfamilybackground. B.Hermathematicaltalent.C.Herworkoncomputerprogramming. D.Herinventionofcomputingmachines.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothepreventionofacommondisease？______A.MurasakiShikibu. B.MariaSibyllaMerian.C.AdaLovelace. D.TuYouyou.BEverybodyishappyashispayrises.Yetpleasureofyourowncandisappearifyoulearnthatafellowworkerhasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifheisknownasbeinglazy,youmightevenbequitecross.Suchbehaviorisregardedas"alltoohuman"，withtheunderlyingbeliefthatotheranimalswouldnotbeabletohavethisfinelydevelopedsenseofsadness.ButastudybySarahBrosnanofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey，aswell.Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviorsofsomekindoffemalebrownmonkeys.Theylooksmart.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodhappily.Aboveall,likefemalehumanbeings,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof"goodsandservices"thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectsubjectsforDoctorBrosnan'sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokens（奖券）forfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforpiecesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparateandconnectedroomssothateachcouldobservewhattheotherisgettinginreturnforitsrock,theybecamequitedifferent.Intheworldofmonkeys,grapesareexcellentgoods（andmuchpreferabletocucumbers）.Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasnotwillingtohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithershookherowntokenattheresearcher,orrefusedtoacceptthecucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherroom（withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit）wasenoughtobringaboutdissatisfactioninafemalemonkey.Theresearchessuggestthatthesemonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialsenses.Inthewild,theyareco-operativeandgroup-living.Suchco-operationislikelytobefirmonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofangerwhenunfairlytreated,itseems,arenotthenatureofhumanbeingsalone.Refusingasmallerrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingscleartootheranimalsofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessdevelopedindependentlyinmonkeysandhumans,orwhetheritcomesfromthecommonrootsthattheyhad24millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.Theunderlinedstatement"itisalltoomonkey"meansthat______.A.monkeysarealsoangrywithlazyfellowsB.feelingbitteratunfairnessisalsomonkey'snatureC.monkeys,likehumans,tendtobeenviousofeachotherD.noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchfeelingsItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat______.A.onlymonkeysandhumanscanhavethesenseoffairnessintheworldB.womenwillshowmoredissatisfactionthanmenwhenunfairlytreatedC.inthewild,monkeysareunhappytosharetheirfoodwitheachotherD.monkeyscanexchangecucumbersforgrapes,forgrapesaremoreattractiveWhichofthefollowingconclusionsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？______A.Humanbeings'feelingsofangerdevelopedfromthemonkeys.B.Intheresearch,malemonkeysarelesslikelytoexchangefoodwithothers.C.Co-operationbetweenmonkeysstaysfirmbeforetherealizationofbeingcheated.D.Thesenseoffairnessamongmonkeysprobablydatesbackto35millionyearsago.WhatdoweknowaboutthemonkeysinSarah'sstudy？______A.Themonkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialsenses.B.Theyusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.C.Themonkeysmayshowtheirsatisfactionwithequaltreatment.D.Co-operationamongthemonkeysremainsmoreeffectiveinthewild.CHundredsofautism（孤独症）sufferersarebeingrecruited（招聘）byaGermansoftwaredesignertotrainashigh-techITexperts.SAP，thecompany,saiditwantstorecruitupto500sufferersbecausetheythinkdifferentlyfromothers.Anautisticpersonismorelikelytobeofaverageorabove-averageintelligenceandpossesscertainskillsthatthecompanywantstotapinto.Thefirmemploysmorethan65，000peopleglobally.By2020theaimisforonepercentofthesetobeautistic,itannouncedfromitsheadquartersinsouth-westernGermany.RecruitmentbeginsthisyearinGermany,AmericaandCanada,assistedbyDanishspecialistswithexperienceinhiringautisticpeopleforlargefirms.Autismispartofarangeofrelateddevelopmentaldisordersknownasautisticspectrumdisorders（ASD）（自闭症系列障碍）.ASDcancauseawiderangeofsymptomsincludingdifficultieswithsocialaction,languageandcommunicationskillsaswellasunusualorrepetitivepatternsofthoughtandphysicalbehavior.Somepeoplewithautismfinditdifficulttospeak,communicateandinsomecasesareonlyabletoprocessminimalamountsofinformation.However,attheotherendofthespectrumaresomeveryhigh-functioningsufferers,whocaninmanycasesperformbetterthanpeoplewithnosuchsymptom.Studieshaveshownthattheseautisticpeoplepossessanunbelievableabilitytoprocessinformationandrememberdata.Thismayexplainwhythereisahigherthannormalpercentageofautisticpeopleworkingintheinformationtechnologyindustry.AUniversityCollegeLondonstudycarriedoutlastyeargave16adultswithautismand16adultswithoutautismataskdesignedtoassesstheirperceptualloadcapacity'（知觉负载能力）.Bothgroupsweresuccessfulatthetaskintheeasierinitialstages,buttheadultswithautismsignificantlydidbetterthanthosewithoutautismasthetaskbecamemoredifficult.This,thescientistssaid,provedthatthebrainsofautisticpeopleareabletoprocessgreateramountsofinformation.Previousstudieshavealsolinkedthesymbolsofgenius-breathtakingachievement,attentiontodetailandaddictiontoaparticularsubject-toautism.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat______.A.autismsufferersareemployedbySAPbecausetheyaredifferentfromothersB.onepercentofSAP'sworkersareautismsufferersnowC.someexperiencedDanishspecialistsarehelpingSAPtohireautisticpeopleD.SAP'srecruitmentforautisticpeoplebeginsthisyearallovertheworldWhatdowelearnaboutautismsufferersfromthispassage？______A.Theyallhavegreatdifficultyinspeakingandcommunicatingwithothers.B.Somemayhaveanunbelievableabilitytoprocesslargeamountsofinformation.C.Theyaremorelikelytobeemployedbytheinformationtechnologyindustry.D.Peoplewithautismcandoanythingbetterthanthosewithoutautism.Whatisthewriter'spurposeofwritingthelasttwoparagraphs？______A.Toproveautisticpeoplehavetheabilitytobecomehigh-techITexperts.B.Tocomparetheadultswithautismandtheoneswithoutautism.C.Tofindoutthelinksbetweengeniusandautism.D.Toshowussomestudiesaboutautism.Whichisthemainideaofthispassage？______A.WhyaresomepeoplewithautismbetteratIT？B.Someautismsufferersarebeingrecruitedandtrainedashigh-techITexperts.C.SAPaimstorecruitmorepeoplewithautismbecauseoftheirhighintelligence.D.Thebrainsofautisticpeopleareabletoprocessgreateramountsofinformation.DAbusinessschoolinPariswillsoonbeginusingartificialintelligenceandfacialanalysistodeterminewhetherstudentsarepayingattentioninclass.Thesoftware,calledNestor,isusedintwoonlineclassesattheESGbusinessschoolbeginninginSeptember.Theidea,accordingtoLCAfounderMarcelSaucet,istousethedatathatNestorcollectstoimprovetheperformanceofbothstudentsandprofessors.Thesoftwareusesstudentswebcams（网络摄像机）toanalyzeeyemovementsandfacialexpressionsanddeterminewhetherstudentsarepayingattentiontoavideolecture.Professorswouldalsobeabletoidentifymomentswhenstudents'attentiondeclined,whichcouldhelptoimprovetheirteaching.AdvocatesforAIineducationsaythetechnologycouldbeusedasadigitaltutorthatwouldadapttoastudent'sindividualneeds,andhelpdevelopmoreeffectivestudyinghabits.Suchsoftwarecouldalsohelpteachersbyprovidingquantitative（定量的）feedbackontheeffectivenessoftheirteaching.ButAIprogramsrelyonmassiveinformationofpersonaldata,andthereareconcernsoverhowsuchdatawouldbetreated.SaucetsaysNestorwon'tstoreanyofthevideofootage（片段）itgetsandthathiscompanyhasnoplanstosellanyotherdatathesoftwarecollects.Inaddition,someareconcernedthatAImayonedayreplaceteachers.RoseLuckin,aprofessorattheUniversityCollegeLondonKnowledgeLab,saysAIcouldunlockthe"blackboxoflearning"byprovidinginformationonhowandwhenlearninghappens.Butshecautions（告诫）againstadoptingnewtechnologythat,whilealluring，maynotactuallyrespondtocriticalneeds.ShethinksaprogramlikeNestorcouldbeusefulforstudentswhotakeclassesremotely,since"thereisn'tahumantherewatchingthem".SoLuckinseesthetechnologymoreasanassistant,ratherthanareplacement.Saucetagrees."Humancontactisnotgoingtogoaway,"hesays."Therewillalwaysbeprofessors."HowdoesNestorworktotellwhetherstudentsarepayingattention？______A.Bycollectingthedataofstudents'performanceindifferentclasses.B.Bycollectingthestudents'gradesinthetests.C.Byanalyzingstudents'eyemovementsandfacialexpressions..D.Byremindingprofessorstopaymoreattentiontostudents.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"alluring"probablymeaninthefifthparagraph？______A.attractive B.limited C.previous D.majorWhatdopeopleconcernaboutNestor？______A.Nestorwon'tstoreanyinformationitcollects.B.Itwillteachcoursesinplaceofteachers.C.Itcan'tbenefitthecompanybysellingstudents'dataitcollects.D.Itcanpreventstudentsfrommoreeffectivestudyinghabits.WhatisRoseLuckin'sattitudetowardsusingNestor？______A.Doubtful. B.Approving. C.Opposed. D.ObjectiveShouldWeCreateMoreNationalParkstoSaveEndangeredAnimals？Don'tyoufinditworryingthatmoreandmorespeciesofanimalsareinrealdangerofbecomingextinct？(1)AndIthinkthebestwaytodothisisforgovernmentstocreatemorenationalparks.(2)Ifthisenvironmentisdestroyed-forexample,whenfarmersclearaforestfornewfields,ortreesarecutdownformakingmoney-manyanimalsareunabletosurvive,andmorespeciesarelikelytobecomeextinct.Inaddition,nationalparksprotectanimalsfromthedangerofbeinghunted.Amajorreasonwhymanyspeciesareendangeredisthattheanimalsarekilledbyhunters.Theyhuntanimalstomakemoney.(3)Ontheotherhand,somepeoplefightagainstthecreationofnationalparksbecausetheyconsideritwrongtointerferewithnature.Theybelievethatwildanimalsarehappierlivingintheirnaturalenvironment.(4)Theyalsopointoutthatafewspeciesaremorelikelytoproduceyounganimalsinthewildthaninnationalparks.Allinall,though,thesedisadvantagesarefarlessimportantthanthebenefitsofnationalparks.(5)Asamatteroffact,theyprotectanimalsfromtheirgreatestenemies,thatis,humanbeings.A.Theysaythoughtheanimalsmayfacedanger,theyenjoyafreelife.B.Firstly,nationalparksprotecttheanimals'naturalenvironment.C.Tobeginwith,animalsareimportanttohumans.D.Ipersonallybelievethatwemustsavetheseanimals.E.Thereisaheateddiscussionaboutwhethertocreatemorenationalparks.F.Theseparksallowanimalstoliveinasafeenvironment.G.Somehuntersevenhuntanimalssimplyforsport.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.GRunningforaDreamIwillneverforgetthatNovemberday.Itwashotterthannormal.Thiswasthe(21)myfatherandIhadwaitedsolongfor,becausewehadbeenworkingtowardsthisraceforthreeyears.Dozensoffamiliarfacesfromchurchandschoolflashedacrossmyview.Theyhad(22)comeformewithencouragement.Isawworryand(23)onmyfather'sface.Thentheracebegan!Forthefirsttwoandahalfmiles,Ifelt(24)。Ihadneverbeforebeensoreadyforsomething.Theweeksleadinguptotheracewerefilledwithcontrolled(25)andastrictdiet.Myfriendshadn'tseenmeinweeks,butthey(26)thesacrifice（牺牲）requiredtomakemydreamareality.Asinallofmyraces,Ididn't(27)outinthefront,Ilovedthepleasureofpassingpeopleasmystrengthovertooktheirprematurespeed.Thenwithoutwarning,mystrengthbegantodecrease.Neckandneckwithoneofmygreatestcompetitors,I(28)seethefinishline.Ihadbegunthefinaldashintoglory(29)mykneesbecameweakandmylegsgaveway.NothingIcoulddowouldmakethem(30)weight.Iwatchedasrunnersrushedbyme.(31)Iknewmydreamsofvictoryweredestroyed,Ihadtofinishtherace.However,mylegshurtbadly.Withallofthe(32)leftinme,Igotonmyhandsandkneesandcrawled（爬），inchbyinch,acrossthefinishline.Voices,both(33)andfamiliar,cheeredmeon.Theygavemethecouragetokeep(34)untiltheveryend.Thedoctorswerethereinseconds,butmyeyessearchedthecrowdforhim.TherewasonlyonepersonIwantedto(35)to.Iwhispered,"I'msosorry，Dad,I'msosorryI(36)you."Helookedatme,saying,"Youcouldneverdisappointme.Sometimesthesethingsjust(37).Allthatmattersisthatyoudidyourbest.""Butweworkedso(38).Whataboutourdream？"Hereachedoverformyhandandsaid,"Don'tyouknowthatyouaremydreamandithascometrue？"Itwasn'tlongbeforemyrunningshoeswerebackon,markinga(39)pathformyjourney,Ilearnedthatallofthemiles,thetears,thesweat,andthepainmydadandIexperiencedtogetherwerenotfora(40).WhatIrealized,though,wasthattohim,Iwasthegreatestprizehehadeverwon.

A.dream B.weather C.result D.day

A.specially B.accidentally C.casually D.normally.

A.coldness B.excitement C.astonishment D.amusement

A.great B.proud C.nervous D.afraid

A.programs B.studies C.practices D.instructions

A.understood B.blamed C.criticized D.concerned

A.look B.move C.come D.start

A.could B.should C.must D.need

A.while B.if C.unless D.when

A.give B.hold C.feel D.add

A.Where B.Because C.Although D.If

A.trust B.strength C.emotion D.confidence

A.foreign B.loud C.soft D.fimm

A.running B.going C.fighting D.training

A.refer B.listen C.talk D.agree

A.frightened B.disturbed C.bored D.disappointed

A.develop B.change C.happen D.follow

A.hard B.late C.closely D.quickly

A.near B.new C.rough D.narrow

A.wish B.duty C.rank D.raceTheUnitedStatessetuptheworld'sfirstnationalparksystemin1916.Sincethen,it(1)（serve）asamodelforothercountriesthattrytoprotecttheenvironmentbetterandletpeopleenjoynature.Anationalparkisareserve（保护区）ofland(2)（own）bythegovernmentandprotectedfromhumandevelopmentandpollution.NowChinaisplanningitsownnationalparksystem.OnDec5，Chinapassedtwoplansfornationalparks(3)（protect）thegiantpanda,SiberiantigerandAmurleopard.Butnationalparksarenotonlyforanimals.Inmid-2015，Chinastartedtobuildnationalparksinnineprovinces.(4)mostfamousoneistheSanjiangyuannationalparkontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.ItaimstoprotectChina'swatersource.Sanjiangyuan,or"SourceofThreeRivers"，is(5)theYellow,Yangtze,andLancangriversstart.Beforethisnationalparkproject,Chinahadsetasidethousandsofnatureparks,forestsandscenicareasasprotectedareas.(6)，theyhaven'tbeenmanagedwellbecausetoomanydifferentorganizationshavebeeninvolved(7)theprotectionofdifferentareas.Underthenewplan,nationalparkswillcoverbigareasandincludedifferentprotectedareas.Forexample,thehabitatsofwildpandaslieindifferentprovincesand(8)（divide）intoevensmallerpiecesbyrailways,roadsandpowerlines.Thismakesisolatedpandagroupsmoreopento(9)（dangerous）.Thepandanationalparkwillcoverallthehabitatsandmaketheprotectionofanimalsascomprehensiveaspossible.Butthisincreasedprotectiondoesn'tmeannationalparkswillshuttheirdoorstohumans.Instead,thenewsystemwillofferpeopleachanceto(10)（deep）feelnature.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改l0处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．Nowadays，the

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weeds．假如你叫李华，你所在的城市即将举办国际贸易博览会。有关部门现面向全社会招聘志愿者，要求：（1）掌握丰富的文化知识，既是服务人员，也是文化使者；（2）具有为国际友人服务的热情；（3）具有流利的英语表达能力，能做好沟通工作；请你根据所给要求向有关部门提出申请提示词汇：国际贸易博览会theInternationalTradeExposition文化使者acarrierforthecultureDearSirorMadam,MynameisLiHua,aseniorhighschoolstu