2025版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习课时作业42Unit6SpaceandBeyond外研版选择性必修第四册

课时作业(四十二)选择性必修第四册Unit6SpaceandbeyondⅠ.完形填空[2024·福建省高三联合测评]Therearetwoproblemsintheworld:Garbageandpoverty.EradajereOleitathinksshemayhavea__1__forthem.It'scalledtheChipBagProject.Sheisaskinga__2__oflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthanthrowyour__3__chipbagsintothetrash,donatethem,soshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthe__4__.ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsattwolocationsinDetroit,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelpers__5__them.Aftertheywashthechipbags,theycutthemopen,laythem__6__，andironthemtogether.Theyusepaddingandlinersfromoldcoatstolinetheinsides.Ittakesaboutfourhoursto__7__asleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,__8__whetherthey'resingle­serveorfamilysize.Theresultisasleepingbagthatis“waterproof,lightweight,andeasyto__9__.”Oleitasaid.Sinceitsstartin2024,theChipBagProjecthascollectedmorethan800，000chipbagsandcreated110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbe__10__toraisethemoneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat'sonlyhalfthegoalforOleita—whosefamily__11__totheUnitedStatesfromNigeriaadecadeagowiththehopeofattainingabetterlife—andherfellow__12__.“Wearedevotedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,but__13__，”shesays.And,ofcourse,there'sthesymbolismofsavingbagsthatwouldotherwiselandinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It'sapowerful__14__thatenvironmentalinjusticeand__15__oftengohandinhand.AsOleitasaid,“Ithinkit'stimetoshowconnectionbetweenalloftheseissues.”1．A.solution B．reasonC．preference D．gift2．A.question B．favourC．permission D．choice3．A.dirty B．cheapC．empty D．new4．A.injured B．oldC．sick D．homeless5．A.bury B．collectC．hunt D．buy6．A.flat B．heavyC．careful D．straight7．A.repair B．sewC．decorate D．design8．A.workingout B．leadingtoC．resultingin D．dependingon9．A.carryaround B．takeoutC．gooff D．putup10．A.harder B．clevererC．simpler D．slower11．A.got B．fledC．moved D．flew12．A.volunteers B．studentsC．workers D．friends13．A.economically B．personallyC．environmentally D．privately14．A.reporter B．editorC．educator D．reminder15．A.society B．povertyC．politics D．safety[答题区]1～5________6～10________11～15________Ⅱ.语法填空LakePowell,thesecondlargesthuman­madereservoir(水库)intheUS,haslostnearly7%ofitspotentialstoragecapacitysinceit1.________(build)in1963.Inadditiontowater2.________(lose)duetoyearsofdrought,theUSGeologicalSurveyfound,LakePowell3.________(face)anaverageannuallossinstoragecapacityofabout33，270acre­feetperyearbetween1963and2024.That'senoughwater4.________(fill)theReflectingPoolontheNationalMallabout1，600times.Thecapacityofthereservoirisbecomingsmallerbecauseofsediments(沉淀物)5.________(flow)infromtheColoradoandSanJuanrivers.Thosesedimentssettleatthebottomofthereservoir6.________decreasethetotalamountofwaterthatthereservoircanhold.It'sbadnewsforaregion7.________hasalreadyfacedwatershortagesandextremewildfiresduetothedrought.LakePowellis8.________importantreservoirintheColoradoRiverBasin.BothLakePowellandnearbyLakeMead,thenation'slargestreservoir,aredryingup9.________analarmingrate.InAugust,thegovernmentdeclaredawatershortageontheColoradoRiverforthefirsttimeafterLakeMead'swaterleveldecreasedtoarecordlow,leadingtocutsinwaterconsumptionforthe10.________(state)intheSouthwestthatbeganinJanuary.[答题区]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________Ⅲ.应用文写作假定你是某国际学校学生李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Kelly对你提到的学校“多元文化日”(MulticulturalDay)活动很感爱好。请回信告知他关于该活动的相关信息。内容包括：1．活动时间；2．活动目的和内容。留意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．可适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯。DearKelly，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHuaⅣ.读后续写[2024·浙江省绍兴市一模]Ms.JohnsonwillneverforgetChelsea,awoundedsoul.OvertheyearsChelseahadalwaysstruggled,bothacademicallyandwithself­confidence.Additionally,hermotherhaddiedafteraheroicbattlewithaterminalillnesswhenChelseawasafifthgrader.Asshebeganhersixthgrade,Chelseawasstillhurting.Ms.Johnsonworriedaboutherwithgoodreason.Eachfall,Ms.Johnsontakesthestudentsforafive­dayadventureatWolfRidge,anenvironmentallearningcenterinthewoodsofNorthernMinnesotaoverlookingLakeSuperior.Theweekisfilledwithlearning,teambuilding,andovercomingseeminglyimpossiblechallenges.TheygoinOctober,andtheturningleavesoftreescometosymbolizethechangeshappeningtothestudentsovertheweek.ThestepsandgrowthstudentsmakeatWolfRidgebecomeametaphorMs.Johnsonusesthroughouttheyearasherstudentsfacechallengesintheclassroom.ThemostdifficultactivityistheHighAdventureRopesCourse,whichstretchesfromtowertotowerhighamongestthetreetopsfortyfeetabovetheground.Ms.JohnsonknewthisexperiencewouldbeparticularlydifficultforChelsea.Whenitwastimeforhertofastentheharness(平安带),Chelseawasalreadytrembling.Theharnessoffersphysicalprotection,butnotmuchmentalcomfortwhennothingbutaslipperyboardoranunsteadywireisbetweenyourfeetandthegroundfarbelow.ChelseasteppedhesitantlyontotheSwingingWoodBridge,andonlyaftertheinstructor'sencouragement,slowlymadeherwayacrossitsshakyboardsuptothefirsttower.Withthesupportofachaperone(监护人)stationedthere,shebeganherwayacrosstheBurmaBridge,madeofmerelythreewiresandstraps.Hertremblingbodyaddedtoitsshaking.Fromdownbelow,hergroundpartnersshoutedupsupportively,“Comeon,Chelsea,you'redoinggreat！”Chelseafinallyreachedthesecondtowerandeventuallysteppedoutontothenextchallengeandslowlyinchedherwayacross.留意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Nowshefacedwhatformanyisthemostdifficultactivity:theSingleWire.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thefinalchallengeisazipline(滑索),whichrequiresleapingoffthelasttowerandslidingtotheground.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课时作业(四十二)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了EradajereOleta用空的薯片袋子为无家可归的人缝制睡袋的故事。1．答案与解析：A依据上文可知世界上有垃圾和贫困两个主要问题。她有了对这两个问题的解决方法。2．答案与解析：B依据下文的“不要把空的薯片袋扔进垃圾箱，捐赠它们”可知，她正在恳求当地的零食爱好者支持。3．答案与解析：C依据下文“soshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsfor...”可知她要为无家可归的人做睡袋，所以只须要空的薯片袋。且下文“Chipeatersdropofftheiremptybags...”也是提示。4．答案与解析：D依据常识可知，无家可归的人没有家，才须要睡袋睡觉。且最终一段的“usingthemtohelpthehomeless”也是提示。5．答案与解析：B上文提到“ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsattwolocationsinDetroit”让吃薯片的人把这些袋子放在这两个地方，可知是为了在那里收集它们。6．答案与解析：A依据下文的“ironthemtogether”可知最终要熨烫在一起，所以要先把它们放平整，才能熨烫在一起。7．答案与解析：B依据下文“eachtakesaround150to300chipbags”可知要用150到300个薯片袋制作睡袋，所以要对打算好的材料进行缝制。8．答案与解析：D上文提到每个睡袋大约须要用150到300个薯片袋，可知，用多少个取决于它们是单用款的还是家庭款的。固定短语dependon(取决于)。9．答案与解析：A句意：其结果是一个“防水、轻巧、易于携带”的睡袋。A.carryaround随身携带；B.takeout拿出；C.gooff离开；D.putup搭起。因为是为无家可归的人制作的睡袋，所以要能够易于携带。10．答案与解析：C此处是指与回收薯片袋制作睡袋相比，攒钱买新的袋子更简洁一些。11．答案与解析：C依据上文“ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsattwolocationsinDetroit”可知现在她在美国，所以此处是指十年前从尼日利亚搬家到美国。12．答案与解析：A依据上文可知她在美国始终是和志愿者们一起在做这项事业，所以她和志愿者同伴们都希望做这样事业以获得更好的生活。13．答案与解析：C依据上文她要解决世界的两个问题：垃圾和贫困，其中垃圾就是环境问题，所以她的目标是对环境也要产生影响。14．答案与解析：D依据上文“there'sthesymbolismofsavingbags”可知节约袋子有着象征意义，它就在于可以提示人们环境问题和贫困往往是亲密相关的。15．答案与解析：B依据上文“Ithinkit'stimetoshowconnectionbetweenalloftheseissues”可知，这些问题(theseissues)就是指文章开头提到的两个问题：垃圾和贫困。所以说环境问题和贫困亲密相关，人们要时刻关注。Ⅱ.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲解并描述了由于干旱，鲍威尔湖的水位不仅直线下降，它的总容量也在削减。1．答案与解析：wasbuilt考查谓语动词。空处在句中做谓语，依据时间状语“in1963”，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，空处和句子的主语it之间是被动关系，可知，空处应用一般过去时的被动语态。2．答案与解析：loss考查名词。空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，表示抽象概念为不行数名词。3．答案与解析：faced考查谓语动词的时态。空处在句中作谓语，依据时间状语between1963and2024，可知句子的时态为一般过去时。4．答案与解析：tofill考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作非谓语，表将来，应用动词不定式的形式作定语。5．答案与解析：flowing考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语sediments(沉淀物)之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作定语。6．答案与解析：and考查连词。句意：这些沉积物沉积在水库底部，削减了水库可以容纳的总水量。设空处并列句子的谓语，应用and。7．答案与解析：which/that考查定语从句的引导词。空处引导定语从句且在句中做指物的主语，先行词为region。8．答案与解析：an考查冠词。空处后为名词单数的形式，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，因空后的important为元音音素开头。9．答案与解析：at考查介词。句意：鲍威尔湖和旁边的米德湖(美国最大的水库)正以惊人的速度干枯。atarateof“以……的速度”。10．答案与解析：states考查名词。空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，依据后面的“intheSouthwest(美国西南部)”可知，设空处应用名词的复数的形式。Ⅲ.应用文写作参考范文：DearKelly，KnowingthatyouareinterestedinMulticulturalDayofourschool,Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.Itisdesignedtoincreasethestudents'understandingofdifferentculturesallovertheworld.WecelebrateitonJuly1steveryyear,whenweorganizeavarietyofactivitiessuchasdanceperformances,exhibitionsandfashionshowsandsoon.Itisthroughtheseactivitiesthatwecanhaveadeeperunderstandingofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.Forexample,duringthedanceperformance,wecanenjoydancesperformedbystudentsfromdifferentcountries.Yours，LiHua【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给爱尔兰笔友Kelly写回信，介绍学校的“多元文化日”活动。【详解】1.词汇积累对……有爱好：beinterestedin→haveinterestin是为了：bedesignedtodo→beintendedtodo组织：organize→arrange各种各样的：avarietyof→various2．句式拓展简洁句变复合句原句：KnowingthatyouareinterestedinMulticulturalDayofourschool,Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.拓展句：BecauseIknowthatyouareinterestedinMulticulturalDayofourschool,Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.【点睛】【高分句型1】WecelebrateitonJuly1steveryyear,whenweorganizeavarietyofactivitiessuchasdanceperformances,exhibitionsandfashionshowsandsoon.(运用了when引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Itisthroughtheseactivitiesthatwecanhaveadeeperunderstandingofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.(运用了强调句型Itis＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其它部分)Ⅳ.读后续写参考范文：Nowshefacedwhatformanyisthemostdifficultactivity:theSingleWire.Thinkingaboutthefactthattherewasonlyonewire,Chelseawastremblingagainandafraidtomakeonemorestep.Buthearingthecheersfromherteacheran