构词法高一英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Unit2

Exploring做某事有困难既不……也不使某人一直做某事在某人空闲的时候雕一座雕像画一幅画拍张照片晕船/晕机/晕车想家,思乡在空中/在海上havetrouble/difficulty/problem(in)doing...neither…norgetsbdoinginone’sfreetime sculptasculpture paintapaintingtakeaphoto getseasick/airsick/carsickgethomesickintheair/atsea SmartExpressions(P14-P16)回家说到，提及一对反义词医学报告把……理解为对……感到诧异烧毁填表格离开；失去对…的兴趣;（爆炸装置）爆炸;（警报器）突然大作;（电器设备）停止运转;进展;（食物或饮料）变质，坏掉;getbackhomespeakofanopposingpairamedicalreportreadsth.assth.wonderatburndown/upfillin/outaform gooff给手表上发条使（活动，会议等）结束给建议为了/以便做某事当说到（某事物），在某方面过去是致使，导致说明原因赞同，同意；与……相符处理，应付，对付windupthewatchwindup...giveadvice/suggestionsinorderto/soastodosth.whenitcomesto(doing)sth.usedtobeleadto/resultin/bringaboutgiveareasonagreewithdeal(-dealt-dealt)with

UsinglanguageReview:wordformationDiscussion：Findthetypesofwordformationinthepictures.watertheplantblackboardIGrammar构词法(wordformation)合成法

(combiningtwoormorewords)派生法(addingaprefixorsuffix)转化法(changingthepartofspeech)缩写(abbreviating[əˈbriːvieɪtɪŋ])前缀(prefix)后缀(suffix)Review:wordformation1.Compounding（合成）＋＝＋＝定义：是指用两个或两个以上的词构成新词的构词法。合成词拆开后，仍有各自的意义。(1)n.+n.:airconditioner（空调）；bloodpressure（血压）(2)adj.+n.：centralbank（中央银行）；fastfood（快餐）(3)v-ing.+n.：washingmachine（洗衣机）；drivinglicense（驾驶证）(4)n.+v-ing.：story-telling（讲故事）；hand-writing（笔迹）(5)adv.+v.：outbreak（爆发）；output（产量）(6)v.+adv.：breakdown（故障）；feedback（反馈）1.合成名词2.合成形容词(1)词尾为过去分词或+ed:absent-minded（心不在焉的）；hand-made（手工的）(2)词尾为现在分词：good-looking（好看的）；easy-going（随和的）(3)词尾为形容词：duty-free（免税的）；homesick（想家的）3.合成动词

overcome（战胜）undergo（经历）4.合成副词whole-heartedly（全心全意地）;downstairs（在楼下）FindtheCompoundingwordsinthereadingmaterialandgivethemeanings.Whilewe’redoingallthistravelling,wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickinacar,butwedon’tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.Andspeakingofhome,whyaren’thomeworkandhouseworkthesamething?seasick（晕船）;airsick（晕机）;carsick（晕车）;homesick（想家）;homework（家庭作业）;housework（家务事）【即学即练】派生法前缀（prefix)后缀（suffix)dis-im-in-disagree,dislike,disappearimpossible,impolite,impatientinexpensive,incorrect,inabilityinter-

mis-non-pre-re-un-不不不在……之间；相互错误地不，非在……之前再，重新不international,interconnectmislead,misunderstandnon-electrical,non-smokerpreschool,preview,prewarretell,rewrite,rereadunable,unhappyReview:wordformation派生法前缀（prefix)后缀（suffix)-er,or-ment-ship-tion-able-ful-less

-ous

-ly（做某事）的人/……者表示动作、状态、结果表示技能、地位、性质、状态表示结果表示有……性质的,可……的表示有……性质的，充满的表示无、没有表示有……特性的表示方式dancer,actorarrangementdevelopmentleadershipfriendshiprelation,reflectionwashablecomfortableusefulmouthfulcareless,uselessdangerous,nervouscarefully,quicklyReview:wordformationabletruemorallogicalnecessaryunnecessary没有必要的给以下单词加上否定前缀【即学即练】disable不能够

untrue不正确的immoral不道德的illogical无逻辑的练习accept（接受）→depend（依赖）→express（表达）→possible（可能性）→music（音乐家）→assist（助手）→god(女神)→nation（民族的）→danger（危险的）→success（成功的）→sharp（使尖锐）→

acceptance

dependenceexpressionpossibilitymusicianassistantgoddessnationaldangeroussuccessful

sharpen1.Let’stalkaboutit.2.Ithinkwe’dbetterfinishthetalknow.3.Shegavemeaglassofwater.4.Youshouldwatertheflowerstwiceaweek.5.Sheiswearingablackdress.6.Thegirlinblackisverybeautiful.7.Tomisabraveman.8.Healwaysbravesthedifficultiesinlife.转化法动词转化为名词名词转化为动词形容词转化为名词形容词转化为动词Review:wordformationchangethepartofspeech（词性）(改变单词的词性)Conversion（转化）(1)动词名词Lookatme.Letmehavealook.(2)名词动词Openyourbook.Imustbooktheticket.(3)形容词动词Ourclassroomisveryclean.Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.(4)形容词名词(意义改变)Youareright.Citizenshavetherighttospeakfreely.请大家判断词性转化类型,然后翻译句子(1)Letmehaveatry.(2)Youcould

shoulder

thetask.(3)Youshouldtryyourbesttobetteryourperformance.(4)Theyare

discussing

the

content

ofthe

story.v.-n.让我来试一试。n.-v.你可以承担这项任务。adj.-v.你应该尽最大努力让自己有更好的表现。adj.-n.他们正在讨论这个故事的内容。【即学即练】缩写首字母缩写单词截短assoonaspossible—ASAPWorldTradeOrganization—WTOadvertisement—adlaboratory—labReview:wordformationVideo

VeryImportantPersonChiefExecutiveOfficerChinaCentralTelevisionWorldTradeOrganizationVirtualRealityVIPCEOCCTVWTOVR1.Lookatthesentencesandexpressionsfromthereadingpassage.Matchthewordsinboldtothetypesofwordformation.dcbaReview:wordformationReview:WordformationCompletethepassagewiththehelpofwordformation.Whenyouopenadictionary,youoftencomeacrossalotofunfamiliarwords.Youmightthinkthisisabitscary.Butmanyofthemareformedusingothersimplerwords.Thisiscalledwordformation.Wordsformedbycombiningotherwordsarecalledcompounds,forexample,1__________(afriendthatyoucontactbywriting,traditionallyusingapen)and2__________(knownbymanypeople).Prefixesandsuffixesoftenhavefixedmeanings.Ifyouaddun-orin-toaword,thenewwordusuallymeanstheopposite.Forexample,ifsomethingisn’tcorrectit’s3__________,andifsomeoneisn’thappythey’re4__________.Wordswiththesuffixes-mentand-nessareoftennouns.Forexample,ifsomebodyhasimprovedalot,theyhavemadegreat5____________.penfriendwell-knownincorrectunhappyimprovementReview:WordformationCompletethepassagewiththehelpofwordformation.Somenounsandadjectivescanbeusedasverbs,ortheotherwayround.Whenwecalmsomebodydown,theybecome6__________.Andwecangivesomeoneapresentby7__________

it.Andsometimesawordismadeupofthefirstlettersofseveralwords:

“WorldTradeOrganization”canbereferredtoas8__________,and9__________isshortfor“assoonaspossible”.Itisimpossibletoknowthemeaningofeveryword,butknowingaboutwordformationcanhelpusguesstheirmeanings.

calmpresentingWTOASAPabbreviation:changingthepartofspeech:addingaprefixorsuffix:combiningtwoormorewords:3.Findmoreexamplesofwordformationinthereadingpassage.IT,USit’sraining;it’ssnowingpaint-painting,hard-hardly,soft-softly,harm-harmless/harmful,shame-shameless/shameful,visible-invisiblehamburger,eggplant,pineapple,seasick,airsick,carsick,homesick,homework,houseworkReview:wordformationReview:WordformationWorkingroups.Chooseonetypeandcomeupwithasmanywordsaspossible.□abbreviating□changingthepartofspeech□addingaprefixorsuffix□combiningtwoormorewords

likeGroupAGroupBVSChallengeyourself！rain(形容词)________agree(反义)__________

nation(形容词)_______farm(人)__________

recent(副词)________friend(形容词)________

hope(形容词)_______job(形容词)_________

visit(名词)__________access(形容词)________

eight(八十)________true(名词)___________

kind(名词)_______China(形容词)________1.按括号内的要求改写下列单词rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreightykindnessdisagreefarmerfriendlyjoblessaccessibletruthChineseExercise2.用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空：1.HarryPotterisaboywhoisfullof____________(imagine).2.______________(congratulate)!Youhavedonesowellinthegame.3.Ireceivedaletterof__________(invite)butIdidn’