讲次06 选句填空六选四解题技巧之一-2021年高考英语题型大冲关（上海专用）

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阅读六选四解题技巧分析（1）

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一、题型介绍:

2017年上海高考阅读题型除了增加一篇summarywriting之外，还增加一个语篇，挖出4个句子，进

行6选4。此题型在篇章后附有6个句子，每句出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句相匹配的段落。

这一阅读新题型固然有着不同于传统阅读解题方法的种种方面，但同时也具备一些可以为考生所利用的新

特点。

二、题型特点:

1.题干中的细节往往反映文章的主旨或段落主题，考生可据此了解原文内容。通过快速阅读题干中的若干

条细节信息，考生可以迅速了解文章的主旨大意，从而能够在回头阅读原文时加快阅读速度，节省定位时

间。

2.题干提供的细节信息中往往暗含一些文章所必需的逻辑关系，考生可以利用这种关系预先对一些表述进

行排序。长篇阅读的文章一般为说明文或议论文，而这类文章最显著的特点就是具有严密的逻辑性。所以，

在介绍一个新事物时，文章通常会采用循序渐进、前因后果的方法来叙述，而根据这种逻辑进行解题之前

的预先排序对于解答此类题型有着非常重要的意义。

3.题干提供的信息表述中通常会出现一些具有特殊意义的指示性词语，这类词语虽然不是通常意义上的定

位关键词，但其特殊含义可将考生的注意力指向原文的开头、结尾或是某个具：特殊特征的段落。这些词通

常包括如下三类：

①能够指示开头段的词，4口：overview,introduction,initiation,mainidea,definition等；

②能够指示结尾段的词，如future,solution,conclusion,suggestion,summary;

③能够帮助考生回原文定位的特殊词，如rate,ratio,proportion,percentage,number,figure,statistics等。考生

能够通过这些指示性词语缩小回原文定位的范围，从而快速判定其所在细节信息对应的原文段落。

三、解题步骤：

1.看标题、副标题预测文章大意

2.看选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词

3.通读全文，查看主题句，分析结构

4.看空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性

5.灵活掌握答题顺序（先易后难）

6.代入答案，重点核查逻辑关系。

四、题型分解

［段首题］

1.空格为主旨句

在某段第一句设空的内容通常是该段落主旨句，学生需要通过认真研读该段的内容，然后从选项中查

找下文的同义词或其他相关词或句的方法，从而确定答案；有时则需反复读设空处后面一两句或更多内容，

确定关键信息词，然后在各个选项中查找关联词和信息句。一般正确答案选项与所设空后的第一句在意义

上是紧密衔接的，因此正确选项和原文的内容是连贯且符合逻辑的。

［典例］37Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyifsimportant.Doyouwanttogetupintime

tohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouare

clearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.

B.Findtherightmotivation.

分析：本题空格在段首，需要填一个主旨句或一个承上启下句。由本段中的“为了作出改变，你需要决定为

什么它很重要”及“一旦你清楚了自己的理由……''等描述可知，你要想清楚为什么要早起，故选B项“找到

合适的动机”。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。

［典例］

Ifthekeytosuccessistoincreaseourfailure,thenitmakessensetocelebrateoursetbacks.Yes,youheard

right:ifsomeoneturnsyoudown,celebrateit!Insteadofmentallypunishingyourselffornotsucceeding,buy

yourselficecreamandsay,"I'monestepclosertosuccessStoplettingfailurehaveanegativeimpactonyour

thoughtsandemotions.

A.Seecourageasa“muscle”.

B.Celebrateyourfailures.

C.Everyonesetssuccessgoals.

D.Withthisthoughtinmind,you'resucceedingevenwhenyoufail.

E.Allthecourageyouneedtoachievesuccessisalreadyinyou,justwaitingforyoutotakeaction.

F.Theyseethemselvesinthemiddle,anddoeverythingtheycantomovetowardsuccessandawayfrom

failure.

【分析】B本段主要讲对待失败的态度，由此可知应选B为本段标题。

2.空格为承上启下句

在某段第一句设空的内容也有可能为承上启下的句子，这就需要学生做到瞻前顾后，既熟悉上一段结

尾的内容，又结合下一段的内容，分析所选的答案是否能够将两段内容连贯起来。

［典例］Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisks

increasesduringyourteenageyears.74(E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothe

biggerworld.)Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoften

meantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainarinsesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.

75Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,a

partofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.

G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.

分析：本题空格在段首，需要填一个主旨句或一个承上启下句。上文主要讲述了科学家的观点一

对冒险活动的热爱在青少年时期有所增长。大脑增加了对新经历的渴望，而新的经历也意味着许多冒险。

75题承接上文，引入下文的讲述，即“新的大脑研究表明当我们面对紧张的情况时，我们的大脑的工作方式

是不同的。’‘接着阐述是如何的不同。故选G项。

［段尾题］

1.空格为总结、概括句

做题时一要注意空格前的一句或两句；二是注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的信号词，如to

conclude,inaword,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,therefore,asaresult等词语；三是要注意与前文的

逻辑关系，找到关键的线索词句，如表示转折、对比、并列或排比的关系。如果第一段的段尾是空格，要

认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些

信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。

【典例］Rumination:Thisiswhenyouaretooworriedabouthowbadthesituationis,focusingonlyonyourfears.

Psychologistssaythebestwaytofightthistypeofthinkingistofindsomethingpositiveabouttheexperience,no

matterhowsmall,andrefocusyourthinkingonthatthing.Itcouldbetheniceviewoutyourwindoworthemovie

beingshown.

A.Thebestwaytofightitistocloseyoureyesandrelax,tryingtoenjoyagoodsleep.

B.Inthiscase,itmightinvolveseverelycriticizingoneselfforbeingafraidofflying.

C.Thebestwaytofightthistypeoffearisacknowledgeyourfearandchallengeit.

D.Whateverilis,movingyourthoughtsoutsidethesituationcanhelpcalmyouranxiety.

E.Thisiswhenyoucan'tstopthinkingaboutwhatmayhappenifyouleaveanything

valuablebehind.

F.Thisiswhenapersonallowshimselftofeelhopelesslyoutofcontroloftheenvironment

aroundhim.

【分析】D.本句是对本段的总结。通读本段可知，本段介绍了害怕飞行的原因之一，即过度专注于自

己的害怕情绪，并提出了最好的解决方案是想想飞行中积极正面的东西来转移对害怕情绪的过度关注，与

选项D的内容相符。

2.空格为承上启下句

还有可能这一空是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段

开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。

【典例】Makinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbettering

yourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthinformation.Reasonableevaluationincludes

knowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinion,howtorecognizepoor

reasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources..

A.Makechoicesthatarerightforyou.

B.Thegoalofanadistosellyousomething.

C.Besuretoworkthroughthecriticalquestions.

D.Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.

E.Distinguishbetweenresearchreportsandpublichealthadvice.

F.Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthorspointofview.

G.Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceive

fromcommonsources.

【分析】G这个选项是一个段落的结尾句，这种选项通常起着总结上文，提示下文的功能。根据文章第二

段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建议，因此本空引出了下文的多个建议，故选择G项。

［段中题］

段中设空即主题句或展开句。尤其注意分析空前后的逻辑关系和行文逻辑及内容的连贯性，注意句间

的衔接手段。其特点主要以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文具体

的事实、事例和说明。因此第一步需要依据信息词将选项进行排除之后，把剩下的几个可能正确的选项依

次代入设空处，最终判断和确定一个选项和空白处前后内容能达到语意连贯，逻辑关系清晰，于是得出了

正确答案。下面列举常考的依据逻辑关系设置的考题。

1.从行文逻辑上判断——例证关系

前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳（从例子到观点）

和推理（从观点到例子）。

【典例】TheBottomLine.70ConsumerReportsrecommendsthatadultseatnomorethan1%

to2cupsofcooked（brownorwhite）riceaweek.Andhereisawaytolessenrisk:Rinseyourrice,cookitinsix

partswatertoonepartriceuntilitreacheseatingtexture,andthenpourofftheextrawater.Thiscanremoveabout

halfthearsenic.

D.Untilmorestudiesaredone,curbyourconsumptionofarsenic.

F.Brownricetendstohavemorearsenicbecausethemetalconcentratesintheouterlayers,whichareburnishedoff

inwhiterice.

【分析】D。总起句为TheBottomLine.底线，而后文又提及到一系列具体做法，所以判断为D,直到更多

相关研究出来之前，控制你自身对于碑的消耗。

2.从行文逻辑上判断——转折关系

转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有however（然而），

nevertheless（然而，不过），still（还，仍然），though（可是，不过，然而），yet（然而），onthecontrary（正相反），

incontrast（与此相反，相比之下），incomparison（比较起来，与...比较），bycomparison（相比之下）等连接词，

则表明前后两句话是逻辑上的逆转，空格处很有可能表示转折。

［典例］"Peopletendtothinkinaneither-orway.Ifyou'restuckintraffic,theneverythingelsemustbegoing

horriblytoo,"saysAnneParker,awellnesscounselor..Instead,acknowledgethatyou'restuckintraffic,

butalsobringtomindsomethinggood,likethebeautifulsceneryoutsidethewindow.Thatway,you'llgetinthe

habitofforbiddingnegativecircumstancesfromblanketingyourwholeday.

C.Actinanoptimisticway:smile,laugh,tellajoke.

D.Byblowingnegativeeventsoutofproportion,you1resettingyourselfupforfeelingdownallday.

F.Beinggratefulandhappyaren'talwayseasy.

【分析】D。4艮据后句Instead,acknowledgethatyou'restuckintraffic,butalsobringtomindsomethinggood,like

thebeautifulsceneryoulsidethewindow.可知该空要填的句子应与instead内容相反，所以选D.

3.从行文逻辑上判断——因果关系

做题时最重要的是要在读懂空格前后的句子的基础上，依据彼此的关系来确认答案。有时，前后的句子之

间出现asaresult（结果），thus/therefore（因此），so（such）...that（如此以至于）等标志性词语，表明前后句有

着原因和结果之间的关系，说明前因后果或者前果后因等情况。

［典例］Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagricultural

societies,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities..

►kA.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.

【分析】A空格的上一句话提到了，即使在先进的农业社会，也需要大约95个农民养活5个城市人，这只

有一个结果，就是使得城市很小，与A项信息呼应。

4.从行文逻辑上判断——递进关系

递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有also（也，而且），

further（进一步地，而且），furthermore（而且，此夕卜），likewise（同样地，也），similarly（相同她，类似地），moreover（而

且，此外），inaddition（另外，加之），what'smore（更重要的是），notonly...butalso（不但....而且）等连接词或

词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的递进关系，空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。

【典例】Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthe

country..Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefannerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmeris

abletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.

►►F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.

【分析】F。解析空格前面的一句话提到，在过去的两个世纪里，工业革命打破了城乡之间的平衡。后一

句话提到，现在的情况不需要95个农民养活5个城市人了，在美国一个农民就能养活一百多个非农民，与

F项信息，即：“现代化把人们吸引到城市里来，并使得农民更加多产”一致。

5.从行文逻辑上判断——并列关系

如果空格前后两句话之间有first（首先，第一），second（第二），third（第三）；firstly（第一，首先），secondly（第

二（点），其次），thirdly（第三）；first（第一），next（其次），then（那么，然后）；inthefirstplace（第一，首先），inthe

secondplace（第二，其次）；foronething（首先，一则），foranother（其次）；tobeginwith（首先，第一），toconclude（最

后）等连接词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列的句子。

［典例］Swearingtolose20poundsortorunamarathonseemslikegoalsleadingtohappiness,buttheytaketime

toachieve.Byfocusingonnothavingaccomplishedthemyet,youwillstarttofeeldownonyourself..

However:ifyoufocusonthesmallmilestonesthatoccuralongtheway,youwillfeelpositiveaboutyourprogress,

whichwillgiveyouthestrengthtokeepgoing.

B.Youllfailtoappreciatemoreimportantthingsinyourlife.

E.Youmayevenendupadmittingthatyouhavebeendefeated.

【分析】Eo才艮据Byfocusingonnothavingaccomplishedthemyet,youwillstarttofeeldownonyourself.及空

格后However:ifyoufocusonthesmallmilestonesthatoccuralongtheway,youwillfeelpositiveaboutyour

progress,whichwillgiveyouthestrengthtokeepgoing.可知空格应与前句构成并列与后句构成转折关系，所以

选E.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentence

canbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed,（8%）

A.Notonlymustmineralsbesolidbuttheyalsomusthaveafixedchemicalmakeup.

B.Themeaningofmineraldependsonitsorigin

C.Whatexactlyismeantbyamineralinchemistryterm?

D.Sheisestablishinghabitsofthoughtshecancalluponinordertounderstandorsolve

futureproblems.

E.Forexample,manymineralsoriginatefrommeltedrockcalledmagma(岩浆)thatcomes

fromdeepwithinEarth.

F.Instead,ifsdeliberatepractice.

HaveyoueverplayedthegameTwentyQuestions?Ifso,youmayhavebeenaskedthequestions^Isitanimal,

vegetable,ormineral?”Thedefinitionofmineralinchemistry,however,differsfromthedefinitionofmineralin

TwentyQuestion.(1)Mineralssharefivebasiccharacteristicsinchemistry.Ifamateriallacksevenone

ofthesecharacteristics,thematerialisnotaminerals.

Tobeginwith,mineralsmustbenaturallyoccurring.Scientistsdefine"naturallyoccurring^^ascomingfrom

naturalprocesseswithintheearth.Becausemineralscomefromtheearth,theyareindeednaturallyoccurring.(2)

Overtime.Someofitrisestothesurface,andlargeglassyparticlescalledcrystalsareformed.

Crystalscomeinavarietyofcolorsandincludequartzanddiamond.

Mineralsmustalsobeinorganic(无机).(3)Inorganicmaterialdoesn'thaveanyorganicmatter.

Additionally,mineralshaveasolidstructure.Unlikegassesandliquidsthatexpandtofillwhatevercontainer

theyareplacedin,mineralsmaintainaconstantsolidshape.

(4)Mineralsaremadefromatomsthatarelinkedinspecificways.Forexample,commonsaltis

alwayscomposedofonechlorine(CI)atombondedtoonesodium(Na)atom.TheseatomsformoneNaCImolecule.

Therefore,nomatterhowmuchsalt,orsodiumchloride,ispresent,itisalwaysarrangedinaone-to-oneratioof

sodium(Na)tochlorine(CI)atoms.

Thefinalfeaturerequiredofmineralsisthattheirindividualatomsbeorganizedintoregularrepeatedpatterns.

Thesepatternsarecalledcrystalstructures.Crystalsaresimilartoasetofblocks,stackedalongsideandontopof

oneanolhe匚Whatdistinguishescrystalsfromothermaterialsisthatcrystalshavea3Dshapethatisconsistently

repeatedthroughoutthesubstance.

【答案】CEDF

【解析】

1.横线前面一句是讲矿物质在化学中的定义是不同两个问题中是不同的，横线后面是讲解矿物质又物种特

性。所以中间很明显是它在化学术语中的不同所以选择C.

2.前面两句主要说的是矿物质是来源于地表，所以选择E.

3.前面一句讲矿物质必须是无机的。后面一句说无机物质是不会又有机物质的。所以很明显是选择D。

4.需要把这一段读完，我们可以发现这段主要讲解是矿物质和其他化学成分不同所以选择F.

2

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentence

canbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?

B.Magazinefeaturingfuturecarssellespeciallywell.

C.Airbagsaren,tthebe-allandend-allinsafety.

D.Crazyfanslookforwardtothelaunchoffuturecars.

E.Allofthesethingsarelikelytochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.

F.Theyfeaturedunconventionalthingslikesmallnuclearreactorsaspowersources.

Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,especiallybecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacar

guyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.

Everysooften,oneofthosemagazineswouldrunanarticleonthe"CarsoftheFuture'1.(67)Yet,frankly,

mycardoesn'tdoanythingthatmybrother'sStudebakerdidn'tdo.Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline.Istillhaveto

steerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon'tsteeritcarefully.

Butguesswhat?(68)Itmaynotburngasoline,Imaynothavetosteerit,anditmaybealotbetterat

notrunningintothings.

(69)Infact,consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsin

low-speedcrashes,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.Buttheyaren'tgoingaway,andinfact,youcan

expecttoseecarsappearingwithadditional,side-impactairbags,somethingsomeEuropeancarmanufacturers

alreadyoffer.

Betterthansystemstominimizeinjuryintheeventofanaccident,however,aresystemsthatminimizethe

likelihoodofanaccidenthappeninginthefirstplace?Futurecarsmaybeabletoremovemanyofthemajorcauses

ofaccidents,includingdrunk-driving,andtailgating(与前车£巨离过近).Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthat

candetectalcoholinadriver'ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.Asearlyasnextyear,

you'llbeabletobuycarswithradar-equippedcontrolsystems.Iftheradardeterminesyou'reclosingtooquickly

withthecarinfront,itwilleaseuponthethrottle(油门).

Scientistsarenowworkingonasystemthatcanbrake,accelerateandsteeravehicledownahighwayonits

own.(70)

【答案】67-70FECA

【分析】

67.F中的They代指前面的carsofthefuture,且句子意思对应。选F

68.Allofthesethings代指前面的traditionalcars的内容。选E

69.空格后面一句的they代指前面的空格的airbags,跟安全有关。选C

70.空格前面的内容其实代表的是autonomousdriving,自动驾驶，所以空格选择的A。

3

Mostparentsknowthattheyneedlifeinsurance.Butmanywouldratherhavearootcanalthanshopforthe

bestlifeinsurancepolicy.

“Peopledon'tthinkabout,'WhatwillmyfamilydoifIamgoneandnotearningaliving??,,saysPeterKatt,a

fee-onlylifeinsuranceadviser."Thewholepointofthiskindofplanningistoprovidethefamilywithmaximum

flexibilitysothey'renotstuck.^^

Planningforyourdeathisnotacheerfultopic.Toooften,parentsmakeaquickdecision,ignoringimportant

considerations.Amongtheirmistakesoneisthattheydonotbuyenoughlifeinsurance.47"Theydon't

thinkthatthepersonwhoisnotbringinginanincomeneedslifeinsurance,^saysGregDaugherty,executiveeditor

ofConsumersUnion.Butifthatpersondies,theotherparentcan'tstopworkingandusuallyhastopaysomeoneto

helpcarefbrthefamily.

48.Kattrecommendedthatoneyoungcoupleshouldbuy$3millionfbrthehusbandwhoearns

$100,000ayearand$1millionforthestay-at-homewife.

Atthesametime,manyfamiliesrelyonemployer-providedlifeinsurance,butemployer-providedcoverageis

rarelysufficienttosupportyourfamily.Manyemployer-providedpoliciesprovideadeathbenefitof$10,000to

$25,000—barelyenoughtocoveryourfuneralexpense.Someemployersprovideayear'ssalary,butthatmayalso

fallwellshortoftheamountyourfamilywouldneedtomaintainitsstandardofliving.

Someemployersletworkersbuygrouplifeinsurancethroughpayrolldeductions.Theymaybeagooddealfor

workerswhohavehealthproblemsthatwoulddisqualifythemforanindividualpolicy.Butifyou'reyoungand

healthy,youmaybeabletogetabetterrateonyourown.

Anotherdrawbackisthatifyouleaveyourjob,youmaynotbeabletotakeyourinsurance/'Giventhejob

market,mostofusarenotabsolutelycertainthatourjobsaresecure,^Daughertysays.“49

Ontheotherhand,somefamiliesbuytoomuchinsurance.Noteveryoneneedslifeinsurance.Somepeople

buylifeinsurancefbrbabies,whichisunnecessary,unlessthebabyisachildmodelwhoissupportingthefamily,

Daughertysays:Thepuiposeofinsuranceistoreplacetheincomethatafamilyhasbeenrelyingon.Singlepeople

andthosewhohavenochildrentocarefbrusuallydon'tneedlifeinsurance.

Kattsaysamanwithsubstantialsavingsinstocksandbondsandothersourcesofincomerecentlyaskedhim

howmuchlifeinsuranceheneeds."Isaidnone/Xattsays.“50

A.Therearepeoplewhodon'tneedlifeinsurancebuthaveitandmanymorepeoplewhoneeditbut

arewoefullyuninsured.

B.Familiesdon'talwaysinsureaparentwhoisstayinghometocareforthechildren.

C.Mostpeopleputoffbuyinglifeinsuranceforanynumberofreasonsiftheyevenunderstandit.

D.Evenifyouhavealotofinsuranceatwork,itmakessensetohavesomemoreinsuranceonyour

own.

E.Ifyoufallseriouslyillofsuffersignificantinjurylater,itwillmakeittoughertogetthatkindof

policy,ifanyatall.

F.Tomakeinsurancemoreaffordable,youmaynotneedtobuythesameamountofinsuranceforboth

parents.

【答案】BFDA

【分析】本文是一篇社会生活类短文。大多数父母都知道他们需要生命保险，但不愿购买最优质的人寿保

险。有些人不需要保险却持有着保险，而许多需要保险的人不幸的是，没有保险。

【47题详解】

根据空格后：因为他们不认为没有收入的人需要人身保险。得知前面说的是人们不会为在家照顾孩子的一

个家长买保险。故选B。

【48题详解】

根据空格后：凯特建议一对年轻夫妇给每年收入10万美元的丈夫买300万美元保险，给当家庭主妇的妻子

买1百万。可以得知夫妻双方购买的保险数目不用相同。故选F。

【49题详解】

根据空格前：考虑到务工市场，多数人不能确定自己工作的保障性。因此即使你有工作保险，拥有一些保

障自己的保险仍然是重要的。故选D。

【50题详解】

根据空格前：卡特说，一个在股票、债券和其他来源上有大量储蓄的人咨询自己要买多少人寿保险，说明

卡特想要指出有些人不需要保险却持有着保险，而许多需要保险的人不幸的是，没有保险。故选A。

【点睛】六选四题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的

关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段

落的语篇结构对解题很有用。

分析本文的语篇结构，可以知道第一段是文章的主题句，然后接下来各段的语篇结构都是主题句(总)+支

撑句(分)(分述主题的具体内容/说明原因/举例证明等)。所以第2小题是本段的主题句凯特建议夫妻双

方购买的保险数目不用相同，这对年轻夫妇给每年收入10万美元的丈夫买300万美元保险，给当家庭主妇

的妻子买1百万。可以得知夫妻双方购买的保险不用相同，故选F。

4

WeAmericansingestanaverageof25poundsofriceayear-andaportionofthatcomesdrinking

beer.Yes,riceisasampleinourdiet.Butisitasafeone?ConsumerReportsrecentlyfound'*troubling

"levelsofinorganicarsenic,aknownhumancarcinogen(asubstancewhichcancausecancer),inalmostevery

rice-containingfoodittested.(1)Butricetakesuparsenicfromsoilandwatermorereadilythanother

grainsdo.

Health-consciousconsumersrelyonbrownrice,whichhasevenmorearsenic.IntheConsumerReports

test,aquartercupofuncookedwhitericehadfromroughly1to7microgramsofinorganicarsenic,whilebrown

ricehadfrom4to10micrograms.Whythedifference?(2).

Whataboutricecakes?Theycontainedfrom2to8microgramsperserving,whilehotandready-to-eat

ricecerealshad2to7micrograms:Theselevelsareatleastfivetimeshigherthanricecerealshad2to7

micrograms.Theselevelsareatleastfivetimeshigherthanthosefoundinothercereals,suchasoatmeal.

Studiesshowthatpeopleexposedtolargeamountsofarsenicformanyyearsaremorelikelytodieof

cancer.InBangladesh,peoplewhodranktapwaterthatcontained50to149microgramsofarsenicperliterfora

0or30years,forexample,were44percentmorelikelytodieofcancer.(3)(TheU.S.Environmental

ProtectionAgencylimitsthetotalamountofarsenicindrinkingwaterto10microgramsperliter.)Butourtotal

riskisunclear.Thereisn'tenoughdatetosetalimitoninorganicarsenicinfood,saystheInstituteofMedicine

oftheNationalAcademyofSciences.

TheBottomLine:(4)ConsumerReportsrecommendsthatadultseatnomorethan11/2to2cupsof

cooked(brownorwhite)riceaweek,Andhereisawaytolessenrisk:Rinseyourrice,cookitinsixpartswater

toonepartriceuntilitreacheseatingtexture,andthenpourofftheextrawater.Thiscanremoveabouthalfthe

arsenic.

A.Youmightwonderwhatoneconsciousportionofricecoulddoforyourwholebody

B.Americansareluckytobeexposedtolowerlevelsofarsenic.

C.Thispoisonouselementisinawiderangeoffood----includingfruits,vegetablesandgrains.

D.Untilmorestudiesaredone,curbyourconsumptionofarsenic.

E.Brownriceappearstobethemosteffectivewholegrainforthehealthygrowthofhuman

beings,butitsdarkercolorcaneasilyabsorbtoomucharsenic.

F.Brownricetendstohavemorearsenicbecausethemetalconcentratesintheouterlayers,whichare

burnishedoffinwhitenice.

【解答】CFBD

1.C.联系上文题.根据前文ConsumerReportsrecentlyfound1'troubling''levelsofinorganicarsenic,aknown

humancarcinogen(asubstancewhichcancausecancer),inalmosteveryrice-containingfoodittested.可知

消费者报告最近发现，几乎每一种大米中都含有”令人不安的”无机碑，一种已知的人类致癌物.C项：This

poisonouselementisinawiderangeoffood--includingfruits,vegetablesandgrains.这种有毒元素存在于

多种食物中，包括水果、蔬菜和谷物.符合文意，故选C.

2.F.理解判断题.根据前文IntheConsumerReportstest,aquartercupofuncookedwhitericehadfromroughly

1to7microgramsofinorganicarsenic,whilebrownricehadfrom4to10micrograms.Whythedifference?可

知在消费者报告测试中，四分之一杯未煮熟的白米含有大约1到7微克的无机碑，而糙米含有4到10微克

的无机钟.为什么会有差异？F项：Brownricetendstohavemorearsenicbecausethemetalconcentratesinthe

outerlayers,whichareburnishedoffinwhitenice.糙米往往含有更多的石中，因为金属集中在外层，外层被

打磨成白色.符合文意，故选F.

3.B.语境辨析题.根据后文TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencylimitsthetotalamountofarsenicin

drinkingwaterto10microgramsperliter.可知美国环境保护署将饮用水中种的总量限制在每升10微克.B

项：Americansareluckytobeexposedtolowerlevelsofarsenic.美国人很幸运能接触到低水平的碑.符合语

境，故选B.

4.D.逻辑推理题.根据后文ConsumerReportsrecommendsthatadultseatnomorethan11/2to2cupsofcooked

(brownorwhite)riceaweek,可知《消费者报告》建议成年人每周食用不超过11/2至2杯煮熟(棕色或白

色)大米.D项：Untilmorestudiesaredone,curbyourconsumptionofarsenic.在做更多的研究之前，控

制你对冲的消费.符合文意，故选D.

1

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentenceslistedbelow.Eachsentencecanonlybeused

once.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.

A.Evennow,someAdidasemployeesandPumaemployeesdon'ttalktoeachother.

B.Thebrothersfinallybegantotalkwitheachotheragainaftersomanyyears.

C.AtfirsthewantedtocallitRuda,buteventuallyhecalleditPuma,afterthewildcat.

D.Youcannotplaysportswearingshoesthatyou'dwalkaroundtownwith

E.Butin1948thebrothersargued

F.Itbecamepopularalmostovernight.

BrotherlyLove?

AdidasandPumahavebeentwoofthebiggestnamesinsportsshoemanufacturingforoverhalfa

century.ButthestoryofthesetwocompaniesbeginsinonehouseinthetownofHerzogenaurach,Germany.

AdolphandRudolphDasslerwerethesonsofashoemaker.Theylovedsportbutcomplainedthattheycould

neverfindcomfortableshoestoplayin.Rudolphalwayssaid,"------------67---------.“Sotheystartedmakingtheir

own.In1920Adolphmadethefirstpairofathleticsshoeswithspikes（4丁），producedontheDasslers'kitchentable.

On1stJuly1924theyformedashoecompany,DasslerBrothersLtdandthey