2024-2025年新教材高中英语UNIT5WORKINGTHELANDSectionⅠReadingandThinking检测含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGEPAGE7UNIT5课下题型练(一)ReadingandThinkingⅠ.阅读理解AAnaverage30­year­oldpersonwhohaseatenthreemealsadaysincebirthhaseatenmorethan30，000mealstodate.Evenifyou'veonlyeatenhalfthatmuchyouhavetoadmitthis：you'veletsomeofthatbreakfast,lunchordinnergotowaste.Anditturnsoutwe'realltoblameforthisshamingfact：30%ofallfoodproducedintheworldeachyeariswastedorlost.That'sabout1.3billiontons,accordingtoanewreportbytheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization.That'stheweightofmorethan8.6millionfull­grownbluewhales,thelargestcreaturesonearth.That'stheweightofmorethan2.3millionAirbusA380s,thelargestplanesinexistence.That'sasifeachpersoninChina,theworld'smostpopulouscountrywithmorethan1.3billionpeople,hadonetonmassoffoodthrownintothedustbin.It'salmostunfathomable,isn'tit?Settingasidethatbignumber,wefindthepeoplewiththemostmoneyaretheoneswhowastethemost.Onaverage,apersoninEuropeanandNorthAmericancountrieswastesbetween95and115kilogramsoffood.Sub­SaharanAfrican,SouthAsianandSoutheastAsiancountrieswastemuch,muchless—between6and11kilogramsperperson.Here'sanotherstatistic：allthefoodthattheworld'srichestcountrieswasteisaboutequaltoallthefoodthatsub­SaharanAfricaproduces.Thenumber's：222milliontonsand230milliontons,respectively(分别地).Basically,thewastedfoodoftherichcouldfeedmuchoftheAfricancontinent.Andthesenumberscomeaswe'vejustbeenreportingaboutrisingfoodpricesaroundtheworldinthepastweek.Andmyownpersonaltip：ifIeatatarestaurantandcan'tfinishitall,Iaskforadoggiebag.IusedtobeawaiteryearsagoandwillneverforgettheamountsoffoodIsawleftonthetableafterthebillwaspaid.There'snoreasontowastefood.It'suptoallofustouseourcommonsensetoeatandshopjustabitmorewisely.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。依据联合国粮农组织的一份报告，目前全球生产出来的30%的食物在消费过程中被奢侈了。作者呼吁人们不要奢侈食物，要更明智地生活。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unfathomable”inParagraph2mean?A．Possibletoimagine.B．Impossibletochange.C．Impossibletounderstand.D．Possibletounderstand.解析：选C词义揣测题。依据其次段可知，每年奢侈的食物的重量超过了860万头地球上最大的动物——蓝鲸的重量，也超过了230万架世界上现有的最大的飞机——空中客车A380的重量。这也好比在世界拥有超过13亿人的人口最多的国家——中国，人均向垃圾桶里倾倒一吨的食物。由此可推知这种现象使人难以理解。unfathomable意为“难以理解的，深不行测的”。2．Itcanbelearnedthatthefoodtherichwastecansupport．A．halfthepeopleinEuropeB．mostpeopleofAmericaC．mostpeopleofAsiaD．mostpeopleofAfrica解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据第四段倒数其次句可知，富有的国家奢侈的食物可以养活非洲大陆大部分的人口。3．Theauthorgavehispersonaltipbasedonthefactthat．A．hewasonceverypoorB．hewasonceafarmerC．heonceworkedinarestaurantD．thepriceoffoodisveryhigh解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据最终一段其次句可知，作者的建议是依据他曾是一个餐厅服务员的工作经验而给出的。4．Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?A．Toshowtheauthor'sopinionoffood.B．Toletuslivemorewiselyandnotwastefood.C．Toshowtheamountofwastedfoodayear.D．ToasktherichestcountriestohelpAfricanpeople.解析：选B写作意图题。依据第一段倒数其次句和最终一段最终两句可推知，文章的写作目的在于让人们不要奢侈食物，要更明智地生活。BARhodeIslandgroweristhefirstintheworldtoachievethreerecordsinthehobbyofgrowingenormousfoods.Thethreeworldrecordsconsistoftheheaviestpumpkinandthelongestgourd(葫芦).Andnowitincludestheheaviestsquash(南瓜).JoeJutraspreviouslybroketworecords.Joegothisthirdlastweekendwhenhebrokethegiantsquashrecord.Itweighed2，118pounds.ThiswasatFrerichsFarminWarrenlastSaturday.Hisothertitlescamein2006.Thatiswhenhebroketherecordforthelongestgourd.Itwasa126.5­inchgourd.In2007,hebroketherecordforthelargestpumpkin.Itweighedinall1，689pounds.Bothpreviousrecordshavesincebeensurpassed.ButJutrasistheonlygrowersofartobreakworldrecordsinthethreemostcompetitivecategories.“Itfeelsgreat，”JutrassaidMonday.“It'sreallybeenagoalofminetotrytoachievethis.”Jutrashasbeenworkingonthethreerecordsforadecade,sincehispumpkinwon.Hewasclosetothegoalafewyearsago.Buthefailed.Now62,Jutrasrecentlyretiredfromhisworkasahigh­endcabinetmaker.Hewantstodevotemoretimetohishobby.Jutrasnotedthatothershadwonmultipleworldrecordsforfruitandvegetablesbefore.Buttheywonincategoriessuchascarrotsthatarenotascompetitive.JutrassaidhisfruitisheadedtoNewYorkCity.ItwillbeondisplaythismonthattheNewYorkBotanicalGarden.Askedwhatheplannedtodonext,hesaidhe'sbeenthinkingaboutthebushelgourd.“Ithinktherecordnowisabout279pounds，”Jutrassaid.“ThatmightbesomethingImightwanttogetintoabit.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了乔·朱特拉的业余爱好是种植巨型蔬菜，他已成为世界上第一个在种植巨型蔬菜方面打破三项世界纪录的非专业人士。5．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4mean?A．TherecordsJutrassetin2006and2007havebeenbrokenbyothers.B．Jutraswasawardedalotofmoneyforthetworecords.C．Jutrasisdeterminedtobreakhispreviousrecords.D．NooneelsecancomparewithJutras.解析：选A句意理解题。此处指他以前的两项纪录已经被人超越了。故选A。6．HowdoyoufindJutras?A．Heisdeterminedandambitious(有理想的).B．Heiscreativeandgenerous.C．Heisbraveandcompetitive.D．Heisexcellentandlight­hearted.解析：选A推理推断题。依据第五、六段的内容可知，他是一个目标明确并且失败了也不退缩的人。故选A。7．WhatcanweknowaccordingtoParagraph7?A．Jutrasisproudofhisrecords.B．Jutrasthinkshighlyofotherpeople'sachievements.C．Jutraswillexperimentwithcarrots.D．Jutraswillbreakmorerecordsforfruitandvegetables.解析：选A推理推断题。第七段主要告知我们朱特拉认为其他人在蔬菜水果方面也创建了多个世界纪录，但都是在比如像胡萝卜这样的种类，不具备竞争力。由此可知，他认为他的纪录比他们的厉害。故选A。8．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Jutras'shobbyismakingcabinets.B．Jutrasisaimedtosetanewworldrecordinabushelgourd.C．JutraswillworkattheNewYorkBotanicalGarden.D．Jutraswillfeedmorepeople.解析：选B推理推断题。依据文章最终两段可知，朱特拉下一步想在bushelgourd这方面创建新的世界纪录。故选B。CThecropsweproduceintheUKandaroundtheworldcouldchangewithclimate.Theweatherisanimportantpartinfarmingandchangesintemperaturewillstronglyaffectcropgrowth.FortheUK,temperaturerisesarelikelytomeanthecropsnormallygrowinginthesouthofthecountrywillbeabletobegrownfurthernorth.TheUNbelievestherewillbeashiftnorthwardsofbetween200and300kilometersforeverydegreeofwarming.ThiswouldbesimilartothesouthofEnglandin2060,havingthekindofweathertheLoireValley,inFrance,experiencesnow.Duetoanincreaseindroughtandheatwaves,thetypesofcropsgrownintheUKwillhavetochange,whichdoesn'thavetobeabadthingforus.Productswhichhaven'tbeenfarmedoverherebefore,suchassweetcorn,sunflowers,andmaizeforcereals,couldallprovidenewbusinessforfarmers—certainlyinthesouth­east.However,iffarmingpracticesdochangeinthiscountry,procedureswillhavetobeputinplacebeforehandasintroducingsomethingnewoffarmlandinvolvesalotofpreparation.Also,irrigationsystemsmayneedtobeimprovedsorainfromwintercanbestoredforthesummerasitishotter.Researchersarefindingthatpests,suchasaphids,arestartingtohatch(孵化)earlierintheyear.Inthelast10－15yearsthey'vebeenarrivinginspringtimeandthepopulationofaphidsappearstobegrowingtoo.Aphidsarearealproblemastheycancausesomuchdamagetocrops,andifthey'rearrivingearlierintheyearespeciallywhenthecropsarefragile,theycancausemoredamagethantheyusedto.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气温上升造成农作物品种、农业生产种植方式的改变以及因为害虫孵化提前造成农作物大面积受害的事实。9．Itisquitepossiblethattheauthorcomesfrom．A．theUK B．theUNC．France D．Scotland解析：选A细微环节理解题。由第一段的第一句ThecropsweproduceintheUK和第三段的第一句可知作者很可能来自英国。故选A。10．Theunderlinedword“This”inParagraph2refersto“”．A．thekindofweathertheLoireValley,inFrance,experiencesnowB．thekindofweatherthesouthofEnglandin2060willhaveC．theUN'sbeliefthattherewillbeashiftnorthwardsofbetween200and300kilometersforeverydegreeofwarmingD．theUK'stemperaturerisesmeanthecropsgrowinginthesouthwillbeabletobegrownfurthernorth解析：选D代词指代题。This指代上文所讲的temperaturerisesarelikelytomeanthecropsnormallygrowinginthesouthofthecountrywillbeabletobegrownfurthernorth，故选D。11．Themainideaofthispassageisthat．A．thecropsraisedinthesouthwillbetransplantedtothenorthin2060B．thetemperatureriseswillbringabouteithergoodorbadeffectsC．theclimatehasastronginfluenceoncropsD．theglobalwarmthcausesmorepositiveeffectsthannegativeones解析：选C主旨大意题。由文中所讲的气温上升造成作物品种、生产种植方式的改变以及害虫孵化提前造成作物受害可知，文章主要讲的是气候对作物有重要影响。故选C。Ⅱ.阅读七选五WhenIwasalittlegirl,everytimemydadwasrepairingsomething,hewouldaskmetoholdthehammer.Andsowewouldhaveatimeforaconversation.Igrewupandlefthomeforcollegeandsincethen,mydadhadbeencallingmeeverySundaymorning.AndwhenseveralyearslaterIboughtahouse,mydadwenttopaintitbyhimselfforthreedaysinthesummerheat.1ButIwastoobusyinthosedays.Ididnotfindanytimeforaconversationwithhim.Fouryearsago,mydadwasvisitingme.Hespenthoursputtingtogetheraswingset(秋千)formydaughter.Heaskedtobringhimacupofteaandhaveatalkwithhim.2Ididn'thavetimeforanylongconversationsthatday.OneSundaymorningwehadatelephonetalkasusual.Iwasinahurry,soourconversationwasshort.3Mydadwassentintohospital.ImmediatelyIboughtaticketforaflightandonmywayIwasthinkingaboutallmissedoccasions(时刻)tohaveatalkwithhim.BythetimeIarrived,mydadhadpassedaway.4Irealizedhow