2021-2022学年山西省吕梁市高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年山西省吕梁市高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:10am.B.9:50am.C.10:00am.2.Howmuchdoesabuffetmealcostat7:00pm?A.$5.B.$8.C.$10.3.Whendidthemandecidetoplaybasketball?A.Monday.B.Friday.C.Thursday.4.Wheredoesthismanwanttohavealunch?A.Inarestaurantdownstairs.B.Inanicecafe.C.InCityBar.5.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Anairhostess.B.Arestaurantwaitress.C.Asecretary.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atabusstop.B.Inthebank.C.Inapostoffice.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.HewilltakeNo.36bus.B.Hewillwalktothezoo.C.HewilltakeNo.301bus.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatwillthegirldotonight?A.Gooverherlessons.B.Seeamovie.C.Attendanexam.9.WhatdoweknowaboutMissSmith?A.Shetalksquicklyandseldomrepeatsthings.BSheisthegirl’sfavoriteteacher.C.SheteachesEnglish.10.Whohateshistory?A.Thewoman.B.Jim.C.Theman.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.HowdoesthemanlikelearningChinese?A.It’seasierandeasier.B.It’smoreandmoreinteresting.C.It’sasdifficultaslearningEuropeanlanguages.12.Whatarethewoman’sdifficultiesinlearningEnglish?A.Spellingandwriting.B.Writingandlistening.C.Spellingandpronunciation.13.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman’sspokenEnglish?A.Good.B.Strange.C.Poor.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheswimmingpool?A.Itwasnoisy.B.Itwasexpensive.C.Itwassmall.15.Whywasthewomanunwillingtostayinthecafe?A.Itwasnotclean.B.Theservicewasbad.C.Shehadanappointment.16.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodorightnow?A.Playtennis.B.Gotoaclub.C.Swimintheriver.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wholivesonthewestsideofthestreet?A.Anoldwoman.B.Afamilyoffive.C.Abrotherandasister.18.Whydothepeopleinthewhitehousegotosleepearly？A.Theyhavechildren.B.Theyhavehealthproblems.C.Theyhaveearlyjobs.19.Whenwillthespeakerplantostopmakingnoise？A.By11:00pm.B.By10:00pm.C.By9:00pm.20.What’stheplanforthepartyat8:30pm？A.Therewillbeamovie.B.Therewillbefoodserved.C.Therewillbegames.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABackpackingTourofChinaAreyoulookingforanorientaladventure?Joinour9-daytourandexploreChina—acountryfamousforitsdeliciousfood,cutepandasandthelongestwallintheworld!OurChinabackpackingtourcombineshistoryandculture,excitingactivitiesandpopularsites.Day1—HongKong•Startyouradventureatthehotel•Receiveafullintroductionfromthetourleader•BoardafamousChinesehigh-speedtraintogettothemainlandofChinaDay2to4—Chengdu•Meetyournewadventureleader•SpendtheafternoonlearningsomehelpfulMandarinphrasesatafreelesson•VisitthelovablepandasattheChengduResearchBaseofGiantPandaBreedingastheyeattheirbambooshootsforbreakfast•BoardthenighttraintoXi’anDay5to6—Xi’an•VisittheunmissableTerracottaWarriors•Cyclearoundtheancientcity’swallsonabike•ExploretheBellandDrum•ExperienceaChinesenightoutDay7to8—Hangzhou•HeadtothefamousWestTakeaboattooneoftheislands•HikeuptoJiuyao•VisitDay9—Macao•VisitthehistoriccenterandspendtimeattheVenetianMacaoResortHotelTravelacrosstheseaonahigh-speedshipbacktoHongKong,arrivingat20:30.•Timetosaygoodbyeatthehotelthatyoustartedat.Congratulations,you’vecompletedyourtourofChina!1.WherecanyougetabetterideaofChina’steaculture?A.InXi’an. B.InChengdu. C.InHangzhou. D.InHongKong.2.WhatcanyoudowhilestayinginChengdu?A.Visitculturalheritagesites. B.LearntocommunicateinChinese.C.Enjoythebeautifulsunsetscenery. D.Goonabiketouronthecity’swalls.3.HowwillyoureturntoHongKongattheendofthejourney?A.Bytrain. B.Byplane. C.Bysubway. D.Bysea.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个为期九天的中国之旅，介绍了行程安排和特色等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Day7to8—Hangzhou部分中“•VisitChinaNationalTeaMuseum(•参观中国茶叶博物馆)”可知，你在杭州可以更好地了解中国的茶文化。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Day2to4—Chengdu部分中“•SpendtheafternoonlearningsomehelpfulMandarinphrasesatafreelesson(花一下午的时间在免费课程上学习一些有用的汉语短语)”可知，你在成都期间可以学习用中文交流。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“•VisitthehistoriccenterandspendtimeattheVenetianMacaoResortHotelTravelacrosstheseaonahigh-speedshipbacktoHongKong,arrivingat20:30.(•参观历史中心，并在澳门威尼斯人度假酒店度过一段时间。乘坐高速船穿过大海返回香港，于20:30到达)”可知，旅程结束后，你将坐船返回香港。故选D。BLiuXingwuaprimaryschoolmathteacherinShiqianCounty,SouthwestChina’sGuizhouProvince,usuallygoestoplaybasketballwithhiscolleaguesontheschool’srooftopplaygroundinsteadofgoingstraighthome,asheusedtodo,Liustartedworkingattheschoollastautumn,whichwasestablishedin1996.Locatedinanoldareaofthecounty,andwithashortageoffund,itwashardfortheschooltoincreaseitssportsfields.All2,600studentshadtotaketheirPEclassesintheopenspacenexttotheteachingbuildingbefore.What’smore,allcollectiveactivitieswerealsoheldtherebefore.AccordingtoGanYoujun,aPEteacherwhohasworkedattheschoolforeightyears,withallthestudentstakingPEatthesametime,theyallhadtoclustertogether,andasaresult,therewasnoenoughspaceforeducationalactivities.“Thingschangedthisyear.Apublicwelfarefoundation(福利基金会)inShanghaiandseveralothercompaniesinShanghaidonated590,000yuantohelpusbuildaplayground,”saidschoolheadteacherZhangYi.Zhangandhispartnersdecidedtobuildarooftopplaygroundbecausetherewasnootheravailable(可用的)land,andtheystartedtheconstructionthissummervacation.Theplayground,containingtwobasketballcourts,afootballfield,aplasticrunningtrackandabadmintoncourt,aswellasathrowingzone,cameintousethisSeptember.“Theplaygroundnotonlybroadenstheschool’ssportsfacilities(设施),butalsoprovidesmorefitnessfacilitiesforstudentsandteachers,”Zhangsaid.Liuusuallyplaysbasketballforonehourafterschool,“Itmakesmefeelrelaxedandensuresabetterperformanceinclass,”hesaid.Inaddition,Ganalsofoundthathisstudents’interestinPEismuchhigherthanbefore,sincetheynowhavebetterconditionsandfacilities.4.Whatenabledtheschooltobuildanewplayground?A.Alargepieceofavailableland.B.AlargedonationfromShanghai.C.Theheadteacherandhispartners’donation.D.Thegoalofmakingstudentsmuchhealthier.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cluster”inparagraph4mean?A.Crowd. B.Run. C.Grow. D.Pull.6.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewplaygroundfromthelastparagraph?A.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.B.Itlimitsstudents’after-schoollife.C.Itwillincreasetheschool’sdailyexpenses.D.It’sofgreatbenefittobothteachersandstudents.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.B.WelfarefoundationfundsaprimaryschoolC.NewplaygrounddoesmuchgoodtoaprimaryschoolD.MorekidsareinspiredtotakepartinsportsinGuizhou【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是上海的一个公益基金会和其他几家公司捐赠了59万元，帮助建造了一所小学建立操场及其意义。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Thingschangedthisyear.Apublicwelfarefoundation(福利基金会)inShanghaiandseveralothercompaniesinShanghaidonated590,000yuantohelpusbuildaplayground(今年情况发生了变化。上海的一个公益基金会和其他几家公司捐赠了59万元，帮助我们建造了一个操场。)”可知上海的一大笔捐款使这所学校得以建一个新操场。故选B。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据后句“andasaresult,therewasnoenoughspaceforeducationalactivities.(因此，没有足够的空间进行教育活动。)”可知，他们不得不聚集在一起，“cluster”和“crowd”意思相近，意为“集中”。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theplaygroundnotonlybroadenstheschool’ssportsfacilities(设施),butalsoprovidesmorefitnessfacilitiesforstudentsandteachers(操场不仅拓宽了学校的体育设施，还为学生和教师提供了更多的健身设施)”可知，新操场对老师和学生都有很大的好处。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Theplaygroundnotonlybroadenstheschool’ssportsfacilities(设施),butalsoprovidesmorefitnessfacilitiesforstudentsandteachers(操场不仅拓宽了学校的体育设施，还为学生和教师提供了更多的健身设施)”可知，文章主要讲解的是新操场对小学很有好处。故选C。CItwasJune8,1816anditwasearlysummerinVermont,US.Yet,awildwintersnow-stormwasgoingon.Nearlyafootofsnowcoveredthefieldswhichhadbeenplantedcropsonlyweeksbefore.Thisstormwouldkillallofthecrops.Atthetime,peoplestruggledtounderstandwhathadcausedtheweathertochangesowildly.Itisonlynow,morethan200yearslater,thatscientistshavefinallysolvedthemystery.Thecauseoftheextremeweatherwasaneventthattookplaceayearearlierand10,000milesaway.ItallstartedwithavolcanocalledMountMountTamborasitsontheislandofSumbawa,abeautifullandwithrushingstreams,gentlehills,andthickjungles,inIndonesia.Nobodyhadanyreasontothinkthepeacefulmountainwasinfactavolcano.Ithadbeenasleepforcenturies,butonApril5,1815,Tamborawokeup.Thefirsteruptionshooktheislandandsentupstreamsoffireandash.Butthatwasnothingcomparedwithwhatwouldcomefivedayslater,onApril10.Thevolcanoexplodedwithahugecloudofgas,fireandashshothighintothesky.Thedayturnedmidnightblack,butthemountainturnedredasriversoflava（岩浆）floweddownthemountain.Theeruptionwentonformorethanthreedays,whichinstantlykilledatleast12,000peoplelivingonandaroundMountTherewerenofishtocatch;almosteveryanimalhadbeenkilled.TheeruptionofTamborain1815wasthedeadliestandmostpowerfulvolcaniceruptioninhumanhistory.8.WhydiditsnowheavilyinVermontinthesummerof1816?A.Vermontwaslocatedinthesouthernpartoftheearth.B.Vermonthadseriousenvironmentalpollution.C.Afarawayvolcanoeruptedayearearlier.D.AhugeearthquakehitVermont.9.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadinthetopic. B.Topresentanargument.C.TointroduceVermont. D.Toexplainthecauseofavolcano.10.WhendidMountA.OnJune8,1816. B.OnApril13,1816.C.OnApril5,1815. D.OnApril10,1815.11.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Theprocessoftheeruptionwasmadeupofthreestages.B.Tamboraasleepforcenturieswokeupintheend.C.TheeruptionofTamborabrokeahistoricrecord.D.TheeruptionofTamboraledtoaterribledisaster.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章由1816年美国佛蒙特州夏季暴雪为切入点，介绍了在1815年4月5日，沉睡了几个世纪的坦博拉火山喷发了，成为了当时人类历史上最致命、威力最大的火山爆发。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后三句“Itisonlynow,morethan200yearslater,thatscientistshavefinallysolvedthemystery.Thecauseoftheextremeweatherwasaneventthattookplaceayearearlierand10,000milesaway.ItallstartedwithavolcanocalledMountTambora.”（直到200多年后的今天，科学家们才最终解开了这个谜。造成这种极端天气的原因是一年前发生在10000英里外的一个事件。这一切都始于一座名为坦博拉山的火山），可知1816年夏天佛蒙特州下大雪的原因是一年前，一座遥远的火山爆发了。故选【9题详解】目的意图题。根据第一段最后两句“Thecauseoftheextremeweatherwasaneventthattookplaceayearearlierand10,000milesaway.ItallstartedwithavolcanocalledMountTambora.”（造成这种极端天气的原因是一年前发生在10000英里外的一个事件。这一切都始于一座名为坦博拉山的火山），结合文章后文讲述了坦博拉火山的爆发及造成的伤害，可知第一段的目的是引出话题。故选【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Ithadbeenasleepforcenturies,butonApril5,1815,Tamborawokeup.”（它已经沉睡了几个世纪，但在1815年4月5日，坦博拉醒来了），可知坦博拉山开始喷发的时间是1815年4月5日。故选C。【11题详解】段落大意题。根据文章最后一段“Therewerenofishtocatch;almosteveryanimalhadbeenkilled.TheeruptionofTamborain1815wasthedeadliestandmostpowerfulvolcaniceruptioninhumanhistory.”（没有鱼可捕；几乎所有的动物都被杀死了。1815年的坦博拉火山爆发是当时人类历史上最致命、威力最大的火山爆发。），可知该段主要介绍坦博拉火山的爆发导致了一场可怕的灾难。故选D。DWhentheUNESCOWorldHeritageCommittee(WHC)metfromJuly16to31,2021,theyweretaskedwithaddressingthreatstosomeoftheworld’smosttreasuredsitesofpricelessnaturalandculturalheritage.AmongtheissuesthecommitteemustfaceisthegrowingthreatthatdamscausetosomeoftheworldsmosttreasuredWorldHeritageSites.Arecentstudyfoundthatover500damsunderconstructionorplannedworldwidewouldbebuiltinprotectedareas,whiledamsthreatenatleast80WorldHeritageSites.Thisnumberisonlyexpectedtogrowasdamdevelopers,facedwithareductioninthenumberofdamsitesavailable,pursueincreasinglyreckless（不计后果的）projectssuchastheBatangToruDam,whichexpertssaycouldleadtotheextinctionofthenewlydiscoveredTapanuliorangutan（红毛猩猩）.TheincreasingimpactofdamsonWorldHeritageSiteshascausedaglobaloutcry,mostrecentlyinthecaseoftheSelousGameReserve,aWorldHeritageSiterecognizedasabiodi-versityhotspotandoneofthelargestprotectedareasforAfricanwildlife.TheTanzaniangovernment’sdecisiontoconstructtheJuliusNyerereDamintheSelousledtoanangryproposalfromUNESCOtoremoveitfromthelistaltogether.Meanwhile,historyisindangerofrepeatingitselfinLaos,wheretheplannedLuangPra-bangdamthreatensthehistoriccityit’snamedforLuangPrabang,theoldroyalcapitalwaslistedasaWorldHeritageSitein1995.DespitethisWorldHeritagestatus,theMekongRiver,whichflowsthroughandisanimportantpartofLuangPrabang’shistory,culture,andwayoflife,isunderthreat.The12.WhichwasanunavoidabletopicatthemeetingofWHCin2021?A.Thenumberofdamsunderconstructionorplannedworldwide.B.ThegrowingthreatthatdamscausetoWorldHeritageSites.C.Theextinctionoftheendangeredanimalsinthewholeworld.D.Themeasuresthatsomemajorcountriesgovernmentstook.13.WhatcanweknowaboutBatangTorudam?A.ItisaprojectinTanzania. B.ItblocksMekongC.Itcausedaglobaloutcry. D.Itcouldendangeraspecies.14.What’sUNESCO’sattitudetowardstheconstructionofJuliusNyerereDam?A.Curious. B.Opposed. C.Interested. D.Thankful.15.Whichprojectismostlikelytobeunderconstructionnow?A.BatangToruDam. B.TheSelousGameReserve.C.JuliusNyerereDam. D.LuangPrabangDam.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章举例说明了水坝对一些世界上最珍贵的世界遗产造成的威胁越来越大。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“AmongtheissuesthecommitteemustfaceisthegrowingthreatthatdamscausetosomeoftheworldsmosttreasuredWorldHeritageSites.”（在委员会必须面对的问题中，水坝对一些世界上最珍贵的世界遗产造成的威胁越来越大。），可知2021年WHC会议上，一个不可避免的话题是水坝对世界遗产造成的威胁越来越大。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话“Thisnumberisonlyexpectedtogrowasdamdevelopers,facedwithareductioninthenumberofdamsitesavailable,pursueincreasinglyreckless（不计后果的）projectssuchastheBatangToruDam,whichexpertssaycouldleadtotheextinctionofthenewlydiscoveredTapanuliorangutan（红毛猩猩）.”（随着大坝开发商面临可用坝址数量减少的局面，继续进行巴塘托鲁大坝等不计后果的项目，预计这一数字还会增加。专家表示，巴塘托鲁大坝可能导致新发现的塔帕努里猩猩灭绝。），可知我们对巴塘土鲁大坝了解的是：它可能危及一个物种。故选D。【14题详解】观点态度题。根据第三段最后一句“TheTanzaniangovernment’sdecisiontoconstructtheJuliusNyerereDamintheSelousledtoanangryproposalfromUNESCOtoremoveitfromthelistaltogether.”（坦桑尼亚政府决定在塞卢斯修建朱利叶斯·尼雷尔大坝，导致联合国教科文组织愤怒地提议将其从名单中删除。），可知联合国教科文组织对朱利叶斯·尼雷尔大坝的建设持的态度是：反对的。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“TheincreasingimpactofdamsonWorldHeritageSiteshascausedaglobaloutcry,mostrecentlyinthecaseoftheSelousGameReserve,aWorldHeritageSiterecognizedasabiodi-versityhotspotandoneofthelargestprotectedareasforAfricanwildlife.TheTanzaniangovernment’sdecisiontoconstructtheJuliusNyerereDamintheSelousledtoanangryproposalfromUNESCOtoremoveitfromthelistaltogether.”（水坝对世界遗产地的影响越来越大，这引起了全球的强烈抗议，最近的一个例子是赛卢斯禁猎区。赛卢斯禁猎区是世界遗产地，被公认为生物多样性热点，也是非洲最大的野生动物保护区之一。坦桑尼亚政府决定在塞卢斯修建朱利叶斯·尼雷尔大坝，导致联合国教科文组织愤怒地提议将其从名单中删除。），可知BC选项可排除；根据最后一段第一句“Meanwhile,historyisindangerofrepeatingitselfinLaos,wheretheplannedLuangPra-bangdamthreatensthehistoriccityit’snamedforLuangPrabang,theoldroyalcapitalwaslistedasaWorldHeritageSitein1995.”（与此同时，老挝的历史有重演的危险，计划中的琅勃拉邦大坝威胁着它以琅勃拉邦命名的历史名城，这座古老的皇家首都在1995年被列为世界遗产。），排除D。根据第二段第二句“Thisnumberisonlyexpectedtogrowasdamdevelopers,facedwithareductioninthenumberofdamsitesavailable,pursueincreasinglyreckless（不计后果的）projectssuchastheBatangToruDam,whichexpertssaycouldleadtotheextinctionofthenewlydiscoveredTapanuliorangutan（红毛猩猩）.”（随着大坝开发商面临可用坝址数量减少的局面，继续进行巴塘托鲁大坝等不计后果的项目，预计这一数字还会增加。专家表示，巴塘托鲁大坝可能导致新发现的塔帕努里猩猩灭绝。），可知目前最有可能在建的项目是：巴塘土鲁大坝。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wenevergetourchildhoodbackoncewe’readults!Forteenagers,lifeisnotaplayground,it’sajungle（丛林）.____16____It’simportanttolearntheprinciplesandruleswillhelpthemtoreachtheirgoalsandliveasuccessfullife.Followthestepsbelow,andyoucanachieveasuccessfulteenagelife.Dobestinschool.____17____Nomatterhowboringitisnow,educationwillhelpyoubeaproductivememberinsociety.Workhardforexcellenceinschool.Doingsowillhelpyougetintoabetteruniversity,whichwillenableyoutogetagreatjobinthefuture.Drawyourfuture.Lifeisfullofamazingthingstodoandlearnabout.Startfromonesinglesteptoreachyourgoal.Startthinkingaboutcareersyouwouldliketobein,andmakeagoodchoicebasedonyourinterestsandstrengths.____18________19____Neverhangoutwithsomeonewhodoesn’tmakeyoufeelcomfortable.Bewithpeoplewhomakeyouhappy,andgetridoftheoneswhodon’t.Createagroupofsupportiveandlovingfriendsthatcanhelpyousucceedinlifeandliveyourdreams.Beproactive（积极主动）.Beingproactiveisthekeytounlockingtheotherhabits.Proactivepeopleunderstandthattheyareresponsiblefortheirownhappinessorunhappiness.____20____A.Dowhatyoulove.B.Chooseyourfriendswisely,C.Schoolsetsyouontherighttrack!D.Thiscouldbeyourjobfortherestofyourlife!E.Yougettheopportunitytoenjoylifeonlyonce.F.Theydon’tblameothersfortheirownactionsorfeelings.G.Thelifeofateenagerisfullofdifficultiesandlife-changingdecisions.【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.B20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述青少年生活的准则。学会这些准则，会帮助青少年实现目标，过上成功的青少年生活。【16题详解】上文“Forteenagers,lifeisnotaplayground,it’sajungle.（对于青少年来说，生活不是操场而是丛林）”说明青少年的生活从此不只是有快乐，也有困难，如同丛林一般。G项“Thelifeofateenagerisfullofdifficultiesandlife-changingdecisions.（青少年的生活充满了困难和改变人生的决定。）”中的“difficulties”与上文内容一致。故选G。【17题详解】上文“Dobestinschool.（在学校做得最好！）”及下文“Nomatterhowboringitisnow,educationwillhelpyoubeaproductivememberinsociety.（无论现在多么无聊，教育都会帮助你成为社会中富有成效的成员。）”说明学校的教育帮助塑造青少年。C项“Schoolsetsyouontherighttrack!（学校让你走上正轨！）”，说明学校教育的重要性，承上启下，故选C。【18题详解】上文“Startthinkingaboutcareersyouwouldliketobein,andmakeagoodchoicebasedonyourinterestsandstrengths.（开始考虑你想从事的职业，并根据你的兴趣和优势做出一个好的选择。）”说明要根据自己的兴趣优势做出事业上的选择。D项“Thiscouldbeyourjobfortherestofyourlife!（这可能是你余生的工作！）”与上文构成因果关系，说明认真选择事业的重要性。故选D。【19题详解】下文“Createagroupofsupportiveandlovingfriendsthatcanhelpyousucceedinlifeandliveyourdreams.（创建一群支持和有爱心的朋友，可以帮助您在生活中取得成功并实现梦想。）”说明认真择友的重要性。B项“Chooseyourfriendswisely,（明智地选择你的朋友）”，与下文内容一致，为本段的标题。故选B。【20题详解】上文“Proactivepeopleunderstandthattheyareresponsiblefortheirownhappinessorunhappiness.（积极主动的人明白，他们要对自己的幸福或不幸负责。）”说明积极主动的人是对自己负责的人。F项“Theydon’tblameothersfortheirownactionsorfeelings.（他们不会因为自己的行为或感受而责怪别人。）”是补充说明积极主动的人的优点，故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aftermovingtoanewneighborhoodmydadlosthisjob.His____21____didn’thaveenoughworktokeephim.Althoughhelookedforworkeveryday,therewasn’tanythatwas____22____.Dadfeltdisappointed.Soonafterthis,Mom____23____togiveuspeanutbutterforsupperinsteadofchicken.Wewere____24____.MyyoungersisterDonnaaskedherwhy.ShesaidDadwasoutofworksoshecouldn’tbuymanygroceries.Wehadtogetusedtothesituation.Momseemedangrywithusforaskingheraboutit,soIdecidednotto____25____heragain.AsChristmaswasnear,DonnaandIwereexcitedabouthavinga(n)____26____,butourhomewasn’tas____27____asusual.Thereweren’tsmilesorchocolateanymore.Nomorebreadwithrichjelly（果酱）.Momcouldn’taffordextratreats.TwodaysbeforeChristmas,Dadwentona____28____trip.Hetookouronly____29____,makingitinconvenientforus.Momhadtoaskaneighbortodrivehertogoshopping,sotherestofthetimewewere____30____athome.Itwasvery____31____,andweworesweaterseveninthehouse.Withsomuchtimeinside,DonnaandIoftenquarreled.Momtriedtoignoreus,butmuchoftenshewasn’tpatient.IbelievedChristmaswouldbe____32____.Wehadnotree,nodecorations.OnChristmasEve,Dadreturnedwith____33____hehadhopedtohunt.Nomoneyforfood.Nofriendstoenjoy.Thatevening,____34____,themostamazingthinghappened.Asitwassnowingoutside,ahardknockonourfrontdoor____35____us.BeforeDadopenedit,we____36____music.Openingthedoor,wesawseveral____37____singingoutside.They____38____megreatly.Momquicklyinvitedthem____39____.TheyboughtChristmasfoodandevengaveussomemoney.Momcried.Wethoughteveryonehad____40____us,butourneighborsstilllovedus.21.A.driver B.friend C.boss D.owner22.A.beautiful B.expensive C.comfortable D.suitable23.A.promised B.learned C.started D.refused24.A.glad B.nervous C.surprised D.excited25.A.question B.meet C.help D.punish26.A.game B.vacation C.award D.appointment27A.large B.poor C.busy D.pleasant28.A.hunting B.business C.hiking D.cycling29.A.umbrella B.car C.table D.bike30.A.examined B.taught C.visited D.left31.A.quiet B.cold C.cloudy D.noisy32.A.disappointing B.cheerful C.necessary D.practical33.A.something B.everything C.anything D.nothing34.A.instead B.otherwise C.however D.therefore35.A.interested B.amused C.shocked D.annoyed36.A.learned B.heard C.enjoyed D.played37.A.neighbors B.relatives C.women D.workers38A.moved B.encouraged C.frightened D.bothered39.A.downstairs B.outside C.inside D.upstairs40.A.left B.forgotten C.cheated D.accepted【答案】21.C22.D23.C24.C25.A26.B27.D28.A29.B30.D31.B32.A33.D34.C35.C36.B37.A38.A39.C40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的爸爸失业后没有找到一份合适的工作，家庭生活每况愈下，随着圣诞节的临近，作者以为圣诞节会令人失望。没有圣诞树，没有装饰品。但作者的邻居仍然爱他们，给他们送来了钱和食物。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的老板没有足够的工作来留住他。A.driver司机；B.friend朋友；C.boss老板；D.owner主人。根据后句“…haveenoughworktokeephim（有足够的工作来留住他）”可知爸爸的老板没有足够的工作来留住他。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他每天都在找工作，但没有一份合适。A.beautiful美丽的；B.expensive贵的；C.comfortable舒服的；D.suitable合适的。根据后句“Dadfeltdisappointed.（爸爸感到失望。）”可知爸爸没有找到合适的工作。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这之后不久，妈妈开始把我们花生酱作为晚饭，而不是鸡肉。A.promised承诺；B.learned学习；C.started开始；D.refused拒绝。根据后句“MyyoungersisterDonnaaskedherwhy.ShesaidDadwasoutofworksoshecouldn’tbuymanygroceries.（我的妹妹唐娜问她为什么。她说爸爸失业了，所以她买不起很多食品。）”可知妈妈开始把我们花生酱作为晚饭。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很惊讶。A.glad快乐；B.nervous紧张的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.excited兴奋的。根据后句“MyyoungersisterDonnaaskedherwhy.（我的妹妹唐娜问她为什么）”可知我们是很惊讶的。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈似乎对我们问她这件事很生气，所以我决定不再问她了。A.question提出问题；B.meet见面；C.help帮助；D.punish惩罚。根据上句“Momseemedangrywithusforaskingheraboutit（我们问妈妈这件事，她似乎很生气）”可知作者决定不再询问了。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着圣诞节的临近，唐娜和我都为能去度假而感到兴奋。A.game游戏；B.vacation假期；C.award奖品；D.appointment约会。根据上句“AsChristmaswasnear（随着圣诞节的临近）”可知唐娜和我都为能去度假而感到兴奋。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是我们的家不像往常那样愉快。A.large大的；B.poor贫穷的；C.busy繁忙的；D.pleasant愉快的。根据后句“Thereweren’tsmilesorchocolateanymore.（再也没有笑容和巧克力了。）”可知我们的家不像往常那样愉快了。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节前两天，爸爸去打猎。A.hunting狩猎；B.business商业；C.hiking徒步；D.cycling骑自行车。根据后文“OnChristmasEve,Dadreturnedwith____13____hehadhopedtohunt。（圣诞节前夕，爸爸没有带任何他想打猎的东西回来）”可知爸爸去打猎了。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开走了我们唯一的一辆车，这给我们带来了不便。A.umbrella雨伞；B.car汽车；C.table桌子；D.bike自行车。根据后句“Momhadtoaskaneighbortodrivehertogoshopping（妈妈不得不让一个邻居开车送她去购物）”可知爸爸开走了家里的唯一的一辆车。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以剩下的时间我们都呆在家里。A.examined检查；B.taught教；C.visited参观；D.left留下。根据上句“Momhadtoaskaneighbortodrivehertogoshopping,（妈妈不得不让一个邻居开车送她去购物）”可知我们都呆在家里。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天气很冷，即使在家里我们也穿着毛衣。A.quiet安静的；B.cold冷的；C.cloudy多云的；D.noisy吵闹的。根据后句“andweworesweaterseveninthehouse（即使在家里我们也穿着毛衣）”可知天气很冷。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为圣诞节会令人失望。我们没有圣诞树，没有装饰品。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.cheerful欢乐的；C.necessary有必要的；D.practical实际的。根据后句“Wehadnotree,nodecorations.（我们没有圣诞树，没有装饰品。）”可知，我认为圣诞节会令人失望。故选A。【33题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节前夕，爸爸没有带任何猎物回来。A.something一些事情；B.everything所有事情；C.anything任何事情；D.nothing没有事情。根据后句“Nomoneyforfood.Nofriendstoenjoy.（没有钱买食物。没有朋友可以分享。）”可知爸爸没有带任何猎物回来。故选D。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，那天晚上，最令人惊奇的事情发生了。A.instead相反；B.otherwise否则；C.however然而；D.therefore因此。根据上句“Nomoneyforfood.Nofriendstoenjoy.（没有钱买食物。没有朋友可以分享。）”和后文“TheyboughtChristmasfoodandevengaveussomemoney.（他们买了圣诞食物，甚至给了我们一些钱。）”之间为转折关系。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：外面正下着雪，重重地敲门声把我们吓了一跳。A.interested有兴趣的；B.amused被逗笑的；C.shocked吃惊的；D.annoyed恼怒的。根据上句“ahardknockonourfrontdoor（前门被重重地敲了一下）”可知我们很吃惊。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸打开门之前，我们听到了音乐声。A.learned学习；B.heard听到；C.enjoyed喜欢；D.played玩耍。根据后句“wesawseveral____17____singingoutside.（我们看到几个邻居在外面唱歌。）”可知我们听到了音乐声。故选B。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到几个邻居在外面唱歌。A.neighbors邻里；B.relatives亲戚；C.women妇女；D.workers工人。根据后句“butourneighborsstilllovedus.（但是我们的邻居仍然爱我们。）”可知是邻居在外面唱歌。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们使我深受感动。A.moved感动；B.encouraged鼓励；C.frightened害怕；D.bothered麻烦。根据后句“TheyboughtChristmasfoodandevengaveussomemoney.（他们买了圣诞食物，甚至给了我们一些钱。）”可知他们使我深受感动。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈很快邀请他们进屋。A.downstairs楼下；B.outside外面；C.inside里面；D.upstairs楼上。根据上文“Asitwassnowingoutside,ahardknockonourfrontdoor____15____us.（外面正下着雪，重重地敲门声把我们吓了一跳。）”可知妈妈很快邀请他们进屋。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们以为每个人都把我们忘了，但我们的邻居仍然爱我们。A.left留下；B.forgotten忘记；C.cheated欺骗；D.accepted接受。根据后句“butourneighborsstilllovedus.（但是我们的邻居仍然爱我们）”由but可知前后句为转折关系，可知我们以为每个人都把我们忘了。故选B第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。RecentlysomeAmericanscientistshavegiven____41____usefulpieceofadvicetopeopleinindustrializedcountries.Theysaypeopleshouldeatmoreofthesamekindoffood____42____(eat)byhumanslivingmorethan10,000yearsago.Thescientistssaythathumanlifehaschanged____43