职称英语理工类a级模拟53

职称英语理工类A级模拟53

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中由1个词或者短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接

近的选项。

1>Themanagerallocatesdutiestotheclerks.

A.assignsB.persuadesC.asksD.orders

2、It1salladvisableideatogetoutofthedispute.

A.wiseB.urgentC.uselessD.proper

3、Yourdogneedsatleast20minutesofvigorousexerciseeveryday.

A.energeticB.physicalC.regularD.free

4、Ourarrangementswerethrownintocompleteturmoil.

A.failureB.confusionC.doubtD.relief

5、Ihavebeentryingtoquitsmoking.

A.giveupB.pickupC.buildupD.takeup

6、IfImadeamistake,Iwilltrytoremedyit.

A.clarifyB.diagnoseC.evaporateD.

correct

7>WederiveinformationmainlyfromtheInternet.

A.depriveB.obtainC.descendD.trace

8、Hissolemotivewastomakeherhappy.

A.aimB.argumentC.capabilityD.pursuit

9、Hecouldnottoleratetheextremesofheatinthedesert.

A.bearB.hateC.likeD.

criticize

10、Thesefactorsinteractintimatelyandcannotbeseparated.

A.tenselyB.nearlyC.carefullyD.

closely

11>Anewsystemofqualitycontrolwasbroughtintoovercomethedefectsin

thefirm*sproducts.

A.investedB.introducedC.installedD.

insisted

12>Medicinedependsonotherfieldsforbasicinformation,particularlysome

oftheirspecializedbranches.

A.conventionallyB.obviouslyC.especiallyD.

inevitably

13>Wewereastonishedtohearthattheirfootballteamhadwonthechampion.

A.amazedB.amountedC.amusedD.

approached

14、Theoldconcernsloseimportanceandsomeofthemvanishaltogether.

A.developB.disappearC.linkD.

renew

15、Reliefworkerswereshockedbywhattheysaw.

A.movedB.touchedC.surprisedD.worried

第2部分：阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容为每个句子作出判断。

TVGamesShows

Oneofthemostfascinatingthingsabouttelevisionisthesizeofthe

audience.Anovelcanbeonthe"bestsellers"listwithasaleoffewerthan

100,000copies,butapopularTVshowmighthave70millionTVviewers.TV

canmakeanythingoranyonewellknownovernight.

nnn

Thisistheprinciplebehindquizor"gameshowszwhichputordinary-

peopleonTVtoplayagamefortheprizeandmoney.Aquizshowcanmake

anyoneastar,anditcangiveawaythousandsofdollarsjustforfun.But

allofthismoneycancreateproblems.Forinstance,inthe1950s,quizshows

wereverypopularintheUSandalmosteveryonewatchedthem.CharlesVan

Doren,anEnglishinstructor,becamerichandfamousafterwinningmoneyon

severalshows.Heevenhadacareerasatelevisionpersonality.Butoneof

thelosersprovedthatCharlesVanDorenwascheating.Itturnedoutthat

1

theshowsproducers,whowerepullingthestringszgavetheanswerstothe

mostpopularcontestantsbeforehand.Why?Becauseiftheaudiencedidn11like

thepersonwhowonthegameztheyturnedtheshowoff.Basedonhisstory,

amovieunderthetitle"QuizShow"ison40yearslater.

CharlesVanDorenisnolongerinvolvedwithTV.Butgameshowsarestill

here,thoughtheyaren*ttakenasseriously.Infactzsomeofthemtryto

beasridiculousaspossible.Thereareshowsthatsendstrangersonvacation

tripstogether,orthattrytocausenewlymarriedcouplestofightonTV,

orthatpunishlosersbyhumiliatingthem.Theentertainmentnowistosee

whatpeoplewilldojusttobeonTV.Peoplestillwinmoney,butthereal

prizeistobeinfrontofanaudienceofmillions.

16、TVcanmakeabeggarworldfamousovernight.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Theprinciplebehindnquiznor"gameHshowsistoputordinarypeople

onTVtoplayagameforprizesandmoney.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>PrizesandmoneyareusuallyprovidedbyTVstarsandlargecompanies.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>OneoftheTVpersonalities,CharlesVanDorenwasprovedtobecheating

bypersuadingtheShow*sproducerstogivehimtheanswersbeforehand.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20>ThehugescandalofcheatinginTVgamesshowswasnotexposeduntil40

yearslaterinthemovie"QuizShow”.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Nowadaysgameshowsarenottreatedasseriouslyastheyusedtobe.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、WinnersofpresentdayTVgameshowsnolongergetmoneyfromtheshows.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

IsThereaWaytoKeeptheBritain*sEconomyGrowing

1.Intoday1sknowledgeeconomy,nationssurviveonthethingstheydo

best.JapanesedesignelectronicswhileGermansexportengineeringtechniques.

TheFrenchserve,thebestfoodandAmericansmakecomputers.

2.Britainspecializesinthegiftoftalking.Thenationdoesn11manufacture

muchofanything.Butithaslawyers,stylistsandbusinessconsultantswho

earntheirlivingfromtalkandmoretalk.TheWorldFoundationthinktank

saystheUK*sfouriconicjobstodayarenotscientists,engineers,teachers

andnurses.Instead；they*rehairdressers,celebritieszmanagement

consultantsandmanagers.ButcanallthistalkingkeeptheBritisheconomy

going?TheBritishgovernmentthinksitcan.

3.Althoughthecountry*stradedeficitwasmorethan£60billionin2006,

UK*slargestinthepostwarperiod.Officialssaythecountryhasnothing

toworryabout.Infact,Britaindoeshaveaworldclasspharmaceuticalindustry?

Anditstillmakesasmallsumfromsellingarmsabroad.Italsotrades

services-accountancy,insurance,bankingandadvertising.Thegovernment

believesBritainisonthecuttingedgeoftheknowledgeeconomy.Afterallz

thecountryofShakespeareandWordsworthhasaliterarytraditionofwhich

tobeproud.Rock"n”rollisanEnglishlanguagemedium,andtherearebillions

tobemadebytheircutting-edgebands.Inotherwords,thecreativeeconomy

hasplentyofstrengthtocarrytheBritisheconomy.

4.However,creativeindustriesaccountforonlyabout4percentofUK's

exportsofgoodsandservices.Theindustriesarefindingithardtomake

aprofit,accordingtoareportoftheNationalEndowmentforScience,Technology

andtheArts.Thereportshowsonly38percentofBritishcompanieswereengaged

H11

ininnovationactivitiesz3percentagepointsbelowtheEUaverageandwell

belowGermany(61percent)andSweden(47percent).

5.Infact,itmightbebettertocallBritainaHservantneconomy—there

areatleast4millionpeopleHinservice".Themajorityofthepopulation

areemployedbytherichtocook,clean,andtakecareoftheirchildren.

Manygraduatesareevendoingmenialjobsforwhichtheydonotneedadegree.

Mostemploymentgrowthhasbeen,andwillcontinuetobe,atthelowskill

endoftheservicesector—inshopszbars,hotelszdomesticserviceandin

nursingandcarehomes.

23>A.GrowthofEconomy

B,nServantnEconomy

C.StrengthoftheCreativeEconomy

D.WeaknessoftheCreativeEconomy

E.GiftofTalking

F.ExportofTalkingMachines

Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

27、A.tofindjobs

B.todolowskilljobs

C.tofeeditspeople

D.tohandledisputes

E.tomakeaprofit

F.toworryabouttheBritisheconomy

Everycountryhasitsownway

28、TheBritishgovernmentdoesn1tseem

29、Thecreativeindustriesfinditdifficult

30、Manygraduatesareemployed

第4部分：阅读理解

第~

Late-NightDrinking

Coffeeloversbeware.Havingaquick"pick-me-upncupofcoffeelatein

thedaywillplayhavocwithyoursleep.Aswellasbeingastimulantzcaffeine

interruptstheflowofmelatonin,thebrainhormonethatsendspeopleinto

asleep.

Melatoninlevelsnormallystarttoriseabouttwohoursbeforebedtime.

Levelsthenpeakbetween2amand4am,beforefallingagain.nIt*sthe

neurohormonethatcontrolsoursleepandtellsourbodywhentosleepand

whentowake,"saysMauriceOhayonoftheStanfordSleepEpidemiologyResearch

CenteratStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.ButresearchersinIsraelhave

foundthatcaffeinatedcoffeehalvesthebody1slevelsofthissleephormone.

LotanShiloandateamattheSapirMedicalCenterinTelAvivUniversity

foundthatsixvolunteerssleptlesswellafteracupofcaffeinatedcoffee

thanafterdrinkingthesameamountofdecal.Onaverage,subjectsslept336

minutespernightafterdrinkingcaffeinatedcoffee,comparedwith415minutes

afterdecal.Theyalsotookhalfanhourtodropoff—twiceaslongasusual—and

jiggedaroundinbedtwiceasmuch.

Inthesecondphaseoftheexperiment,theresearcherswokethevolunteers

everythreehoursandaskedthemtogiveaurinesample.Shilomeasured

concentrationsofabreakdownproductofmelatonin.Theresultssuggestthat

melatoninconcentrationsincaffeinedrinkerswerehalfthoseindecafdrinkers.

InapaperacceptedforpublicationinSleepMedicine,theresearcherssuggest

thatcaffeineblocksproductionoftheenzymethatdrivesmelatoninproduction.

Becauseitcantakemanyhourstoeliminatecaffeinefromthebody,Ohayon

recommendsthatcoffeeloversswitchtodecafafterlunch.

31>Theauthormentions"pick-me-up"toindicatethat.

A.melatoninlevelsneedtoberaised

B.neurohormonecanwakeusup

C.coffeeisastimulant

D.decafisacaffeinatedcoffee

32、Whichofthefollowingtellsushowcaffeineaffectssleep?

A.Caffeineblocksproductionoftheenzymethatstopsmelatoninproduction.

B.Caffeineinterruptstheflowofthehormonethatpreventspeoplefrom

sleeping.

C.Caffeinehalvesthebody*slevelsofsleephormone.

D.Caffeinestaysinthebodyformanyhours.

33、WhatdoesParagraph3mainlydiscuss?

A.Differenteffectsofcaffeinatedcoffeeanddecalonsleep.

B.DifferentfindingsofLotanShiloandateamaboutcaffeine.

C.Thefactthatthesubjectsslept415minutespernightafterdrinking

decaf.

D.Theproofthatthesubjectstookhalfanhourtofallasleep.

34、WhatdoestheexperimentmentionedinParagraph4prove?

A.Therearemoreenzymesindecafdrinkers*urinesample.

B.Therearemoremelatoninconcentrationsincoffeeindrinkers1urine

sample.

C.Decafdrinkersproducelessmelatonin.

D.Caffeinedrinkersproducelesssleephormone.

35、Theauthorofthispassageprobablyagreesthat.

A.coffeeloverssleeplessthanthosewhodonotdrinkcoffee

B.weshouldnotdrinkcoffeeaftersupper

C.peoplesleepmoresoundlyatmidnightthanat3am

D.ifwefeelsleepyatnight,weshouldgotobedimmediately

弟一^扁

CanBuildingsBeDesignedtoResistTerroristAttack

IntheaftermathoftheterroristattackontheWorldTradeCenter,structural

engineersaretryinghardtosolveaquestionthatamonthagowouldhave

beencompletelyunthinkable：Canbuildingbedesignedtowithstandcatastrophic

blastsinflictedbyterrorists?

Tendaysaftertheterroristattacksonthetwintowers,structuralengineers

fromtheUniversityatBuffaloandtheMultidisciplinaryCenterforEarthquake

EngineeringResearch(MCEER)headquarteredatUBtraveledtogroundzeroas

partofaprojectfundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation.Visitingthe

siteaspartofanMCEERreconnaissancevisit,theyspenttwodaysbeginning

thetaskofformulatingideasabouthowtodesignsuchstructuresandsearching

forcluesonhowtodosoinbuildingsthatweredamaged,butstillarestanding.

HOurobjectiveinvisitinggroundzerowastogoandlookatthebuildings

surroundingtheWorldTradeCenter,thosebuildingsthatarestillstanding,

butthatsustaineddamage,"saidM.Bruneau,Ph.D.nOurimmediatehopeis

thatwecandevelopabetterunderstandingastowhythosebuildingsremain

standing,whileourlong-termgoalistoseewhetherearthquakeengineering

technologiescanbemarriedtoexistingtechnologiestoachieveenhanced

performanceofbuildingsintheeventofterroristattacks,nheadded.

Photographstakenbytheinvestigatorsdemonstrateinstartlingdetail

themonumentaldamageinflictedontheWorldTradeCentertowersandbuildings

inthevicinity.Onebuildingablockawayfromthetowersremainsstanding,

butwasbadlydamaged."ThisbuildingismanymetersawayfromtheWorldTrade

Centerandyetweseeacolumntherethatusedtobepartofthatbuilding",

explainedA.Whittaker,Ph.D."Thecolumnbecameamissilethatshotacross

theroad,throughthewindowandthroughthefloor.n

Thevisittotheareaalsorevealedsomesurprises,accordingtotheengineers.

Forexamplezthefloorframingsystemsinoneoftheadjacentbuildingswere

quiterugged,allowingfloorsthatwerepiercedbytonsoffallingdebris

toremainintact.nHighlyredundantductileframingsystemsmayprovidea

simple,butrobuststrategyforblastresistance,nheadded.Otherstrategies

mayincludeprovidingalternatepathsforgravityloadsintheeventthat

aload-bearingcolumnfails.nWealsoneedabetterunderstandingofthe

mechanismofcollapsez"saidA.Whittaker."Weneedtofindoutwhatcauses

abuildingtocollapseandhowyoucanpredictit.n

A.Reinhorn,Ph.D.notedthat"earthquakeshakinghasledtothecollapse

ofmanybuildingsinthepast.Itinducesdynamicresponseandextremelyhigh

stressesanddeformationsinstructuralcomponents.Solutionsdevelopedfor

earthquake-resistantdesignmaybedirectlyapplicabletoblastengineering

andterrorist-resistantdesign.PartofourmissionnowatUBistotransfer

thesesolutionsandtodevelopnewoneswherenoneexistatpresent."

36、Thequestionraisedinthefirstparagraphisone.

A.thatwasaskedbystructuralengineersamonthago

B.thatistoodifficultforstructuralengineerstoanswerevennow

C.thatwasneverthoughtofbeforetheterroristattack

D.thatterroristsareeagertofindasolutionto

37、TheprojectfundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation.

A.wasfirstproposedbysomeengineersatUB

B.tookabouttwodaystocomplete

C.wastoinvestigatethedamagecausedbytheterroristattack

D.wastofindoutwhysomebuildingscouldsurvivetheblasts

38、ThecolumnmentionedbyDr.Whittaker.

A.waspartofthebuildingclosetotheWorldTradeCenter

B.waspartoftheWorldTradeCenter

C.wasshotthroughthewindowandtheflooroftheWorldTradeCenter

D.damagedmanybuildingsinthevicinityoftheWorldTradeCenter

39、Asurprisingdiscoverymadebytheinvestigatorsduringtheirvisitto

groundzeroisthat_______.

A.floorsintheadjacentbuildingsremainundamaged

B.somefloorframingsystemsdemonstrateresistancetoexplosion

C.simplefloorframingsystemsaremoreblastresistant

D.floorsinoneoftheadjacentbuildingswerepiercedbytonsofdebris

40、WhatDr.Reinhornsaidinthelastparagraphmayimplyallthefollowing

EXCEPTthat_______.

A.blastengineersshoulddevelopnewsolutionsforterror-resistant

design

B.blastengineeringcanborrowtechnologiesdevelopedfor

terror-resistantdesign

C.solutionsdevelopedforearthquake-resistantdesignmayapplyto

terrorist-resistantdesign

D.blastengineeringemergesasanewbranchofscience

第二篇

EatMore,WeighLesszLiveLonger

Clevergeneticdetectiveworkmayhavefoundoutthereasonwhya

near-starvationdietprolongsthelifeofmanyanimals.

RonaldKahnatHarvardMedicalSchoolinBoston,USzandhiscolleagues

havebeenabletoextendthelifespan（寿命）ofmiceby18percentbyblocking

therodent*s（啮齿动物）increaseoffatinspecificcells.Thissuggeststhat

thinness-andnotnecessarilydiet-promoteslonglifein"calorie（热量单位，

卡）restricted*1animals.

"It1sverycoolwork,"saysagingresearcherCynthiaKenyonoftheUniversity

ofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.nThesemiceeatalltheywant,loseweightand

livelonger.It1slikeheaven.n

Calorierestrictiondramaticallyextendsthelifespanoforganismsas

differentaswormsandrodents.Whetherthisworksinhumansisstillunknownz

partlybecausefewpeoplearewillingtosubmittosuchastrictdiet.

Butmanyresearchershopetheywillbeabletotriggerthesameeffect

withadrugoncetheyunderstandhowlessfoodleadstoalongerlife.One

theoryisthateatinglessreducestheincreaseofharmfulthingsthatcan

damagecells.ButKahn1steamwonderedwhethertheanimalssimplybenefit

bybecomingthin.

Tofindout,theyusedbiologytrickstodisrupttheinsulin（胰岛素）receptor

（受体）geneinlabmice—butonlyintheirfatcells."Sinceinsulinisneeded

tohelpfatcellsstorefat,theseanimalswereprotectedagainstbecoming

fat,nexplainsKahn.

Thisslightgeneticchangeinasingletissuehaddramaticeffects.By

threemonthsofage,Kahn1smodifiedmicehadupto70percentlessbodyfat

thannormalcontrolmicezdespitethefactthattheyate55percentmorefood

pergramofbodyweight.

Inaddition,theirlifespanincreased.Theaveragecontrolmouselived

753days,whilethethinrodentsaveragedalifespanof887days.Afterthree

years,allthecontrolmicehaddied,butone-quarterofthemodifiedrodents

werestillalive.

"Thattheygettheseeffectsbyjustmanipulatingthefatcellsis

controversialz"saysLeonardGuarenteoftheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology,whostudiescalorierestrictionandaging.

ButGuarentesaysKahnhasyettoprovethatthesameeffectisresponsible

forincreasedlifespanincalorierestrictedanimals."Itmightbethesame

HH

effectortheremightbetworoutestolonglife,hepointsoutzandthat

wouldbeveryinteresting.n

41>RonaldKahnandhiscolleaguescanmakemicelivelongerby

A.offeringthemlessfood

B.givingthemabalanceddiet

C.disruptingthespecificgenesintheirfatcells

D.preventingthemgrowinglarger

42、Accordingtothepassage,wedonotknowwhetherhumanswillbenefitfrom

takinginfewercaloriespartlybecause.

A.humans,wormsandrodentsaredifferent

B.mostpeoplearenotwillingtobeputonastrictdiet

C.theeffectisnotknown

D.geneticchangesintissuescannotbeperformedonhumans

43、Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?

A.Peopleliketoloseweightzbuttheydonotliketoeatless.

B.Peoplewanttogotoheaven,buttheydonotwanttodie.

C.Micewillgotoheaveniftheyloseweight.

D.Miceenjoylosingweight.

44、Theaveragemodifiedmouselived.

A.3years