2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit4新人教版必修第一册

Unit4NaturalDisasters

-、必备知识•自主检测/

I.词块记单词

1.therescueworkers救援人员

2.damagethebuildings损坏建筑物

3.2,400homesdestroyed2400所房屋被毁

4.nodeaths,noinjuries没有人员伤亡

5.shelterssetupbythegovernment政府搭建的避难所

6.uselesspiecesofmetal无用的金属块

7.burythedead掩埋死者

8.thetirelesseffortsofthecity，speople全市人民的不懈努力

9.thewisdomtostaypositive保持乐观的智慧

10.providethesupplies提供物资

11.staycalm保持冷静

12.crashintocoastlines袭击海岸线

13.hugewaves巨大的海浪

14.strikeamatch划火柴

15.deliverfoodandsupplies运送食物和物资

II.语境记单词

1.Hewasshockedattheshockingnews,forIcouldseehisshockedlookonhis

face,(shock)

2.Youmustlearntobreatheregularly.Otherwise,youwillfeeloutofbreathafter

suchalongrun.(breath)

3.Masteringsomebasicskillswillgreatlyincreaseyourchancesofsurvival.Last

week,thankstotheswimmingskills,heandhisfriendsucceededinsurvivingthe

terriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwosurvivors,(survive)

4.Afterhecametopower,everyonesaidhewasapowerfulleader,butnowhefeels

sopowerlessthatheevencan，tsavehisdaughter,(power)

5.Theroadhasatotallengthoftwomilesonly,sotheworkersdecidetolengthen

it.(long)

III.语境记短语

1.Herlifehasnotcometoanend(结束)，andshealsodoesn'tknowwhatiswaiting

forherahead.

2.AlthoughitwasSundayyesterday,Lilygotupearlyasusual（和往常——样）.

3.Alwayshaveyourdictionaryonhand（在手头）whenyoustudybecauseitisvery

convenientforyoutorefertoit.

4.Wehaven，tcleanedthehouseforafewdays,becausewedon，twanttosweepaway

（彻底消除）goodluck.

5.ItwasreportedthatanAmericancouplehaddugout（挖出）alotofgoldcoins

fromtheirownyard.

6.Thecitylayinruins（成为废墟）aftertheearthquake.Now,rowsofhousesare

beingbuilt.

7.Suddenly,alittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.Seeingthis,Iwas

inshock（震惊）.

IV.公式练句型

1.这个小男孩太小了而不能举起这块沉重的石头。（too...to...）

Thelittleboyistooyoungtoraisetheheavystone.

2.他好像已经知道了刚才所发生的一切。（asif）

Itseemedasifhehadknownaboutwhathappenedjustnow.

3.她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到一阵呼救声。（bedoing...when...）

Shewaswalkingalongthebankoftheriverwhensheheardacryforhelp.

4.众所周知，山里的空气呼吸起来很舒服。（be+adj.+todo）

Asweallknow,theairiscomfortabletobreatheinthemountainousareas.

5.它们不仅使人们在晚上很难睡觉，而且还损害着我们具有历史价值的房子和商店。（make

+it+adj.+todo）

Theynotonlymakeitdifficultforpeopletosleepatnight,buttheyaredoing

damagetoourhousesandshopsofhistoricalinterest.

-------------\关键能力•重难探究/-------------

重画—练透

1.affectvt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动

［素养佳句］Withthedevelopmentofthesociety,Internetvotinghasbecomemoreand

morepopular,graduallyaffectingpeople，slifeinallrespects.

随着社会的发展，网络投票已经变得越来越流行，逐渐在各方面影响人们的生活。

（l）beaffectedby被...侵袭；被....感动

beaffectedwithhighfever发高烧

（2）effectn.作用；影响；效果；结果

haveaneffect/influenceon对...产生影响

(3)affectionn.［U］喜爱；钟爱；慈爱

haveanaffectionfor喜欢；喜爱

(Z基础练透——单句语法填空

@(2020,江苏卷)Bestofall,humorraisesyourenergy,andthatcanhaveaneffect

oneverythingyoudoatschool,atwork,orinyourpersonallife.

©Affected(affect)withaseriousdisease,hewasnolongerabletospeakclearly

andheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery.

(3)1feelmuchaffection(affect)formymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositive

effectonme.

④(2022,浙江卷1月)1feltsohelplessandinsecurebecausethequalityofmylife

wasaffected(affect).

I名师金典•英语

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------o

(Z能力迁移——句式升级

Manyyoungpeopleweredeeplyaffectedbyhisstoryandbegantodovolunteerwork

forthedisabled.

⑤Deeplyaffectedbyhisstory,manyyoungpeoplebegantodovolunteerworkfor

thedisabled.(过去分词短语作状语)

2.ruinn.&vt.破坏；毁坏

［素养佳句］Somebadfactorsareruiningthefutureoffilmindustry,sogreatefforts

shouldbemadetoattractmoreaudience.

一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出巨大努力来吸引更多观

众。

(1)(lie/be)inruins严重受损；破败不堪

bereducedtoruins沦为废墟

(2)ruinoneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡

ruinone，shealth/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途

叵基础练透——单句语法填空

①Withtimegoingon,thecastlewhichoncewasverybeautifulisnowcompletely

inruins.

©Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,the

citytookonanewlook.

叵能力迁移——句式升级

Hemadeamistake,whichruinedhischanceofgoingabroad.

(3)Hemadeamistake,ruininghischanceofgoingabroad.(动词-ing形式短语作状

语)

⑥⑯图麴

ruin,damage,destroy的用法区别：

(Druin多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用于下面的短语中：in

ruins“严重受损，破败不堪”；

(2)damage表示不一定全部毁坏，且损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，常用于do/cause

damageto"对...造成损害”；

(3)destroy指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词是destruction。

3.buryvt.埋葬；安葬

［素养佳句］Thoughburiedinbooksthesedays,Ihavestilljoinedseveralstudent

clubsinordertoimprovemyself.

虽然这些天我埋头读书，但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。

(l)beburiedin/buryoneselfin埋头于；专心于

beburiedinthought沉思

(2)buryone'sfaceinone，shands双手掩面

(Z基础练透—单句语法填空

©Buried(bury)inhisstudy,hewasn'tawarethatalltheothershadleft.

©Burying(bury)hisfaceinhishands,hetriedtocontrolhisweeping.

(3)Sheburiedherfaceniherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.

叵能力迁移——句式升级

Hesatatawoodentableandwasburiedinreading.

④Hesatatawoodentable,buriedinreading.(过去分词短语作状语)

⑤Hesatatawoodentable,buryinghimselfinreading.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)

4.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦

［素养佳句］ThoughhavingsufferedalotinZhaziCave,JiangZhuJunwouldratherdie

thangivein.

虽然江竹筠(江姐)在渣滓洞集中营遭受了非人的折磨，但仍然宁死不屈。

(1)sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏

sufferfrom遭受；患病

(2)sufferingn.痛苦；苦难；折磨；让人痛苦的事

sufferern.患难者；患病者

基础练透——单句语法填空

①(2020•江苏卷)Later,heworkedinAfrica,wheremanypeoplesufferedfrom

blindnessforlackofpropertreatment.

②Itishardtoimaginethepainandsufferings(suffer)thesepoorpeoplewent

throughduringthewintermonths.

(Z能力迁移—句式升级

Johnhassufferedfromlungcancerformanyyears.Hehasdecidedtogiveupsmoking.

③Havingsufferedfromlungcancerformanyyears,Johnhasdecidedtogiveup

smoking.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)

图顿通西

(1)suffer用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain,loss,defeat,poverty,

hunger,punishment,hardship,damage等名词作宾语。

(2)suffer用作不及物动词,其后常接from,表示“受•…••之苦;患某种疾病”。

5.supplyn.供应(量)；补给；［pl.］补给品vt.供应；供给

［素养佳句］Moreover,thecompetitionwillsupplyyouwithachancetodevelopyour

creativityandbuildfriendshipwithotherstudentswhosharethesameinterestwith

you.

此外，这次竞争将会给你提供一个机会，帮助你发展创造力，与志同道合的其他学生建立友

谊。

(1)supplysth.tosb.=supplysb.withsth.向某人提供某物

(2)beinshortsupply短缺

alargesupplyof/largesuppliesof大量....的供应

叵基础练透—单句语法填空

①Thenaturalresources,suchascoalandoil,areinshortsupplyinthiscountry.

②Whathappenswhenfoodandgasolinesupplies(supply)runlow?

(Z能力迁移—一句多译

我们学校网站每天为我们提供大量的信息。

③Ourschoolwebsitesuppliesmuchinformationtouseveryday.(supply...to...)

④Ourschoolwebsitesuppliesuswithmuchinformationeveryday.(supply

with…)

【联想发散】

表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：

©providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.

©offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.

6.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过

［素养佳句］Tohelpthemsurvive,weneedtopreservetheirhabitats.

为了帮助它们生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。

(1)survivesth.幸免于；从..中挺/活过来

survivefrom从...存活下来；流传下来

(2)survivorn.幸存者

survivaln.［U］幸存；［C］残存物

(Z基础练透——单句语法填空

①Aftertheplanecrash,whatthesurvivors(survive)coulddowastowaitforrescue

onthisdesertisland.

②Ifhecouldn，tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceof

survival(survive).

(Z能力迁移——句式升级

Afterwesurvivedthatnight,wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeall

right.

③Havingsurvivedthatnight,wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeall

right.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)

固⑯匐笆

survive表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或from。

7.powern.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力

［素养佳句］(2022,新高考I卷写作)Withthepowertoconquerhimself,hecanconquer

anythingonthewaytoapromisingfuture.

有了征服自己的力量，他就能征服通往美好未来的道路上的任何事情。

(l)beinpower掌权，执政(表示状态)

cometo/intopower上台，执政(表示动作)

in/withinone，spower在某人的能力/权力范围之内

outof/beyondone'spower超出某人的能力

doall/everythinginone'spower尽力而为；竭尽全力

havethepowertodosth.有能力做某事

(2)powerfuladj.强有力的，强大的

区基础练透——单句语法填空

©Unfortunately,it'sbeyondmypowertogetthroughtheworkinsuchashorttime.

②Afterthenewpresidentcameto/intopower,hetookaseriesofmeasurestoimprove

people，slife.

③(2020•新高考I卷)Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationto

herfamily一andthat，sprettypowerful(power).

©Thoughhehasbeenpowerfortwoyears,hehasn'tfoundaneffectivesolution

tothecountry，seconomicproblems.

亿能力迁移——词汇升级

(2019,全国I卷写作)1'11trymybesttoperformwellinthevolunteerjob.

⑤I'11doall/everythinginmypowertoperformwellinthevolunteerjob.

【联想发散】

表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：

①makeeveryefforttodosth.

②sparenoefforttodosth.

8.strikevi.&vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲；(使)突然想起n.罢

工；罢课；袭击

［素养佳句］Alltheinternationalstudentsweredeeplystruckbymyintroduction.

所有的国际学生都被我的介绍深深地迷住了。

(l)bestruckby...被...打动/迷住了

Itstrikes/occursto/hitssb.that/...某人想到...

strike...intoone，sheart使...刻骨铭心

strikesb.in/on+the+身体部位打某人某部位

(2)be/goonstrike在/进行罢工

I基础练透——写出下列句中strike的词性及含义

①Shewaspractisingsurfingwhenasharkstruck,v.袭击

②Thevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyofthecountry,v.打动；给...以印象

③IheardtheclockstrikingeightwhenIwokeupthismorning,v.(钟)敲

(4)ItstruckmethatIwouldhaveanimportantmeetinginShanghaithenextday.v.(使)

突然想起

@Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandstheyputforwardareturneddown.n.罢

工

叵能力迁移------句多译

我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。

⑥ItstruckmethatthephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong,(strike)

⑦ItoccurredtomethatthephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong,(occur)

⑧IthitmethatthephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong,(hit)

9.putup提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿

［素养佳句］AweekbeforeEarthDay,posterswereputuparoundourschool,calling

uponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerEarth.

地球日的前一周，我们的学校周围张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入绿化地球的行动中。

putupwith容忍；忍受

putforward提出（意见、建议）

puton穿上；上演

putoff推迟；延期

putaway放好（某物）；储存

putdown放下；写下；镇压

putaside...储存……备用；留下……供专用

基础练透——写出下列句中putup的含义

©Firstheopenedashopandthenputupasignoutsidetheshoptoattract

customers.张贴

②Thosewhoknowtheanswertothequestion,pleaseputupyourhands.举起

③Theyagreedtoputtwoforeignstudentsupoverthesummer.留宿

④Thegovernmenthaspromisedthattaxeswillnotbeputupagainthisyear.提

高

⑤(2023,浙江卷1月)Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaply

aspossible,sotheyhaven，tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem.建

造

(Z能力迁移——完成句子

⑥Icanputupwiththehouse'sbeinguntidy,butIhateitifit'snotclean.

我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。

⑦Thestudentshaveputforwardalotofquestionsthatneedtobesolvedatonce.

学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。

⑧EveryyearchildrenputasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyNewYear，spresents.

每年孩子们都会拿出一些零花钱来买新年礼物。

10.主语+be+adj.+不定式

［素养佳句］Thismachineisveryeasytooperate.Anybodycanlearntouseitina

fewminutes.

这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就可以学会使用。

”主语+be+adj.+todo..."句式有以下特点：

(1)不定式说明主语在哪些方面存在形容词所表示的特点或性质。

(2)不定式所表示的动作虽与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但通常以主动形式表示

被动含义。

(3)如果不定式为不及物动词，则后面要有相应的介词。

(4)该句式中常用的形容词有easy,hard,difficult,comfortable,(im)possible,

pleasant,interesting,exciting,important等。

(Z基础练透——单句语法填空

©Theproblemlooksrathereasy,butinfactitisveryhardtodealwith.

②Thestoryisveryinterestingforthestudentstoread(read).

叵能力迁移——完成句子

(3)Amongthefourseasonsinayear,summerismyfavourite.Themorningairisgood

tobreathe.

在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。

©Althoughtheladylookselegant,actuallysheishardtogetalongwith.

尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。

11.bedoingsth.when...正在做某事，这时突然...

［素养佳句］Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.

杰克正在实验室里工作，这时突然停电了。

(l)beabouttodosth.when..=beonthepointofdoingsth.when...正要做

某事，这时突然……

(2)had(just)donesth.when...刚做了某事，这时突然……

(Z基础练透——单句语法填空

①Hewasabouttogotoschoolwhenastrongwindbegantoblow.

②Thechildrenwereplaying(play)footballontheplaygroundwhenitbegantorain.

(3)Shehadfinished(finish)herhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopractise

playingthepianoyesterday.

匕能力迁移——同义句转换

Theywereonthepointofgivingupwhenthecaptainencouragedthemfiercelyto

savetheship.

④Theywereabouttogiveupwhenthecaptainencouragedthemfiercelytosavethe

ship.

和画一练全

选词填空

rescue;damage;inshock;onhand;sweepaway;cometoanend;asif;trap;inthe

openair;effort

1.Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,bothparentsandschools

shouldmakeaneffort.

2.Themeetingcametoanendandhesetdownmanykeypoints.

3.Alltheirattemptstorescuethechildfromtheburningbuildingwereinvain.

4.Somepeopleworriedthattherapiddevelopmentoftourismmightcausedamageto

thelocalenvironment.

5.Whethertheirweddingceremonywillbeheldintheopenairtomorrowdependson

theweather.

6.Thekidsareveryfriendlywithherandevenlookuptoherasifsheweretheir

ownmother.

7.Thereareexpertsonhandtogiveyouallthehelpandadviceyouneed.

8.rmstillinshockafterhearingthatbadnews.

9.InChina,peoplebelievefirecansweepawaybadluck,so,redmeansgoodluck.

10.Firefightershadtobreakthedoordowntoreachthepeopletrappedinside.

存盟对接

I.语境猜词义

1.（2022•新高考n卷）Itwouldworklikethis:Anofficerarrivingatthesceneof

acrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckin

theoperatingsystemforrecentactivity,n.撞车

2.（2021,全国乙卷）Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasupplied

bytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,

aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites,v.提供

3.（2020,新高考I卷）Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscould

seekshelterduringthedaytime,n.庇护处

4.（2020•天津卷7月）Thedeep,gentlevoicehelpedcalmthenervousgirl.vt.使

镇静

5.（2017,北京卷）Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,

anelectronicdevice（器械）thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.vt.使受电

击

II.一词多义

1.（2021,全国乙卷）Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsand

conversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetaco-workingspaceoracoffee

shopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrom

interruptions.A

A.vt.影响

B.vt.（疾病）侵袭

C.vt.深深打动

2.（2021•新高考I卷）Thesonofagrocer,he，dspentthesummersofhischildhood

deliveringfoodinBernardsville,NewJersey.C

A.v.发表B.v.传达C.v.递送

III.完成句子

1.（2022,新高考I卷写作）Upondashingtowardsthefinishingline,awaveof

thunderousapplausefloodedin.

在冲向终点线时，雷鸣般的掌声如潮水般涌了进来。

2.（2021•浙江卷6月写作）Itseemedasifsomethingunpleasanthappened.

好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。

3.（2020•天津卷7月写作）Itistruethatwemaysufferfromfailurefromtimeto

time.However,itisimportantthatweneverlosetheenthusiasmtokeepontrying.

确实我们有时可能遭受失败。然而，重要的是我们永远不要失去继续努力的热情。

——课堂效果•巩固训练——

1

I.单词拼写

1.Inspiteofgreatefforts（努力），wefailedtocarryoutourplansthrough.

2.Toomuchdrinkingwilldodamage（损害）toyourhealth;youshouldtakethe

doctor5sadvice.

3.Ifyouarelostinthemountains,staycalm（镇静的）inthefaceofdarkness,

lonelinessandtheunknown.

4.Inordertocatchthebear,somevillagerssetatrap（陷阱）andcovereditwith

someleaves.

5.Asmallplanecrashed（碰撞）intoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,killing

allfourpeopleonboard.

6.Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewere

completelydestroyed（摧毁）.

7.Afterlearningthattheboyshadbeenlostforalmost20hours,thepolicesent

outarescue（救援）teamtolookforthem.

8.ThegovernmentappealedtotheInternationalRedCrosstohelpthepeoplesuffering

fromthefloods（洪水）.

9.AsfarasI'mconcerned,followingothers'advicewithoutthinkingwillaffect

（影响）ourowndecision.

10.Theyaskedthelittleboytosweep(打扫)theroomclean.

II.单句语法填空

1.Theaccidentcaused3deaths(die)and20gotinjured,whichhappenedprevious

tohisarrivalthere.

2.Itstruck(strike)methatplayingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatmomentfor

allthegirlsontheteam.

3.Thoughthesoldiershavebeenworkingforfifteenhours,theycarryonlooking

forsurvivors(survive)inruins.

4.Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandgraduallyincreasesin

thelength(long)oftheruns.

5.Thecountryisbecomingricherandmorepowerful(power)thaneverbefore.

6.What'smore,itisanothereffective(effect)waytodealwiththeproblem.

7.IwashavingadiscussionwithmyfriendabouthowtoimprovemyEnglishwhen

mymothercalledme.

8.Allthelistenersweregreatlyshocked(shock)whentheyheardtheterriblenews

ontheradio.

III.补全句子

1.我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后有个声音。(bedoing...when...)

IwaslookingatthephotosonthenoticeboardwhenIheardavoicebehindme.

2.虽然李萍不健谈，但与她相处很容易。(主语+be+adj.+todo...)

WhileLiPingisnotatalkativegirl,sheiseasytogetalongwith.

3.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。(ruin)

Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake,whichmadeusawakeallnight.

4.全球变暖正对世界各地数百种植物和动物产生巨大影响。(effect)

Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaround

theworld.

5.他埋头看报纸，没有注意到发生了什么事。(bury)

Buryinghimselfinthenewspaper,hedidn，tnoticewhatwashappening.

课时质量评价(五)

必修第一册UNIT4

主题语境：自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护

I.阅读理解

A

（2022•泰安模拟）Whenaheavystormhit,residentsofthefloatingcommunityof

SchoonschipinAmsterdamhadlittledoubtaboutwhethertheycouldrideitout.They

tieduptheirbikesandoutdoorbenches,andcheckedinwithneighbourstoensure

everyonehadenoughfoodandwaterastheirneighbourhoodslidupanddownitssteel

foundationalpillars（支柱），risingalongwiththewaterandgoingbacktoits

originalpositionaftertherainstopped.

“Wefeelsaferinstormbecausewearefloating,“saysSitiBoelen,aDutch

televisionproducerwhomovedintoSchoonschiptwoyearsago.Assealevelsrise

andsuperchargedstormscausewaterstorise,floatingneighbourhoodsofferan

experimentinflooddefencethatcouldallowcoastalcommunitiestobetterfight

againstclimatechange.

Afloatinghousecanbeconstructedonanyshorelineandisabletodealwith

risingseasbyremainingonthetopofthewater'ssurface.Unlikehouseboats,which

caneasilybemovedandrelocated,floatinghomesarefixedtotheshoreandare

usuallyconnectedtothelocalsewer（污水管道）systemandpowergrid.Theyare

structurallysimilartohousesbuiltonland,butinsteadofabasement,theyhave

aconcretehull（船体）thatactsasacounterbalance,allowingthemtoremainstable

inthewater.

Severewindandrain,oreventhepassingoflargecruiseships,canmakethe

buildingsrock.SitiBoelen,theSchoonschipresident,saysthatwhenshefirstmoved

in,stormyweathermadeherthinktwice."Youfeelitinyourstomach,“shesays,

addingthatshehasgottenusedtothefeeling.Floatinghomesalsorequireextra

infrastructureandworktoconnecttotheelectricitygridandsewersystem.

Butthebenefitsmayoutweighthecosts."Iftherearefloods,it'sexpected

thatmanypeoplewillmovetohigherground.Butthealternativeistostayclose

tocoastalcitiesandexploreexpansionontothewater,“saysRutgerdeGraaf."If

youconsiderthatinthesecondhalfofthecentury,hundredsofmillionsofpeople

willbedisplacedbysealevelrise,weneedtostartnowtoincreasethescaleof

floatingdevelopments.”

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个对抗暴风雨的新方法——漂浮房屋。

1.Whatdidlocalresidentsthinkwhenaheavystormhit?

A.Theycouldgetthroughit.

B.Theycouldcontroltheflood.

C.Theycouldgetsomebikesafterit.

D.Theycouldgainenoughfoodinit.

A细节理解题。根据第一'段中的"Whenaheavystormhit,residentsofthefloating

communityofSchoonschipinAmsterdamhadlittledoubtaboutwhethertheycouldride

itout.”可知，当暴雨来袭时，当地居民认为他们可以安然度过。故选A。

2.WhatcanweknowaboutSitiBoelen?

A.Shehasasenseofsecurityinastorm.

B.Shegetsalongwellwithherneighbours.

C.ShehasproducedTVsetsusedinthestorm.

D.Shemakescontributionstodefendingagainstflood.

A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Wefeelsaferinstormbecausewearefloating

可知，SitiBoelen在暴风雨中有安全感。故选A。

3.HowdoestheauthordescribethefloatinghousesinParagraph3?

A.Bylistingfigures.

B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Byanalysingreasons.

D.Bymakingcomparisons.

D推理判断题。根据第三段中的UAfloatinghousecanbeconstructedonanyshoreline

andisabletodealwithrisingseasbyremainingonthetopofthewater，s

surface.Unlikehouseboats,whichcaneasilybemovedandrelocated,floatinghomes

arefixedtotheshoreandareusuallyconnectedtothelocalsewer（污水管道）system

andpowergrid.”可知，本段是通过比较来描述漂浮房屋的。故选D。

4.What'sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theimpactsofstormyweather.

B.Thesignificanceofthinkingtwice.

C.Thehighercostsofbuildinghouses.

D.Thechallengesfacedbyfloatinghouses.

D段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Severewindandrain...”和“Floatinghomesalso

requireextrainfrastructureandworktoconnecttotheelectricitygridandsewer

system.”可知，第四段主要是关于漂浮房屋面临的挑战。故选D。

B

WaterissolowinlargestretchesofItaly'slargestriverthatlocalresidents

arewalkingthroughthemiddleoftheexpanseofsandandanoldshipisresurfacing.

InaparknearthecentralnorthernvillageofGualtieri,cyclistsandhikers

stopincuriositytoobservetheZibello,a50-metre-longshipthattransportedwood

duringWorldWarIIbutsankin1943.ItwasnormallycoveredbythePo'swaters."It's

thefirsttimethatwecanseethisship,“saidamateurcyclistRaffaele

Vezzal."I'veneverseensuchadroughtatthistimeofyear一ourmainworrywas

ourriverflooding,butnowweworryaboutitsdisappearance.”

ThedryingupofthePo,whichruns652kilometresfromthenorthwesterncity

ofTurintoVenice,isjeopardisi。-thedrinkingwatersupplyinItaly，sdensely

populatedandhighlyindustrialiseddistrictsandthreateningirrigationinthemost

intensivelyfarmedpartofthecountry,knownastheItalianfoodvalley.

NorthernItalyhasn，tseenrainfallformorethan110daysandthisyear's

snowfallisdownby70%.Aquifers（含水层），whichholdgroundwater,are

exhausted.Temperaturesof2℃aboveseasonaveragearemeltingthetinysnowfields

andglaciersthatwereleftonthetopofthesurroundingAlps,leavingthePobasin

withoutitssummerwaterreservoirs.

Allthesefactorsareleadingtotheworstdroughtin70years,accordingto

thePoRiverBasinAuthority（PRBA）.

MeuccioBerselli,secretary-generalofthePRBA,isworkingonaplanto

guaranteedrinkingandirrigationwatertomillionsofhouseholdsandtothePo

valleyfarmers,whoproduce40%ofItalianfood.Theplanincludeshigherdraining

fromAlpinelakes,lesswaterforhydroelectric（水力发电的）plantsanddistribution

ofwaterintheupstreamregions.

Accordingtoastate-ownedenergyservicesystemoperator,55%oftherenewable

energycomingfromhydroelectricplantsinItalycomesfromthePoandits

tributaries.Expertsfearthatalackofhydroelectricpowerwillcontributeto

increasedcarbondioxideemissions,asmoreelectricitywill