山东省聊城市高二下学期期末考试英语试题

2021—2022学年度第二学期期末教学质量抽测高二英语试题本试卷分四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1WhatisChrisdoingnow?A.Havingbreakfast.B.Cleaninghisroom.C.Lookingforhiscellphone.2.WhatlanguagesisJohnlearningnow?A.FrenchandSpanish.B.SpanishandGreek.C.GreekandFrench.3.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Starttheparty.B.PickupTom.C.WaitforTom.4.HowdoesKatefindtheplay?A.Boring.B.Touching.C.Interesting.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aboringlesson.B.Ademandingteacher.C.Adifficultexam.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6.7题。6.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Auniversity.B.Ahospital.C.Abusstation.7.Howwilltheygettothedestination?A.Onfoot.B.Bybike.C.Bytaxi.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatisDavid’ssisterstudyingnow?A.Law.B.Acting.C.Medicine.9.Whatisthewomanlikelytodonext?A.Attendaclass.B.AskaboutDavid’sstudy.C.GotogreetDavid’ssister.10.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inapark.B.Inahospital.C.Inacinema.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhydidLucy’sfamilyarrivehomelate?A.Theylosttheirway.B.Theyranoutofoil.C.Theyhadacaraccident.12.WhoofferedhelptoLucy’sfamilyyesterday?A.Afarmer.B.Apassingdriver.C.Thetrafficpolice.13.WhatdidLucydowhilewaitingforhelp?A.Sheplayedcards.B.Shelistenedtostories.C.Shehadawalk.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatisJanieChodoshattending?A.Alecture.B.Ajobinterview.C.Aradioprogram.15.WhatisthestoryofJanie’sbookbasedon?A.Ananimaldoctor’srealexperiences.B.Aman’stravelstory.C.Areportontheelephant.16.WhatdidSarmaprobablywanttodoasalittleboy?A.Topreventpeoplefromkillingelephants.B.Tohelptreatsickelephants.CTomakeahomeforelephants.17.WhatdoesthemanthinkofwhatJaniedid?A.Meaningful.B.Shocking.C.Risky.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatisSocotraIslandfamousfor?A.Itsnature.B.Itshistory.C.Itslocation.19.WhichmonthisbestforhikinginSocotra?A.August.B.SeptemberC.October.20.Whatdothetwowayshaveinmon?A.Botharenonstopflights.B.Bothtakeover2hours.C.Botharerunonceaweek.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThere’snoothertimeofyearquitelikefall.Coolmorningsgivewaytoafternoonswarmedbythesunandthechangesintemperaturecreatebeautifulcolorsbeforewintersetsin.So,grabyourcameraforoneofnature’smostimpressivespectacles—thechangingcolorsoftheleavesduringfall.AcadiaNationalPark,MainePeakleafseasoninAcadiatraditionallyfallswithinthefirsttwoweeksofOctober.Thisiswhenyouwillseethebrightdisplaysoforanges,redsandyellows.WhilevisitingAcadia,plantostayatthenearbycoastaltownofBarHarbor,whichisconsideredtobethegatewaytothepark.Whileintown,treatyourselftoatraditionallobsterdinneratBeal’sLobsterPier.TheBerkshires,MassachusettsPeakseasonstartsaroundColumbusDayweekendinmidOctober,andyoucanexpecttoseecolorsrangingfromgoldenyellowstovividorangesanddeepreds.TheBerkshiresfeaturesworldclassentertainment,culturalofferingsandadeeprootedfoodculturewithmanylocallyfocuseddiningoptions.MckenzieRiverScenicByway,OregonPlanyourvisitforpeakseasonwhenthegoldsandredsaremostbright,usuallyinmidOctober.TheMckenzieRiverhassomeofthebestflyfishingsportsinOregon.Foragreatgetawaythatincludesdaysspentonflyfishing,whitewaterraftingandhikingtowaterfalls,makereservationsatEagleRockLodgeforaromanticbedandbreakfast.Charlottesville,VirginiaMidtolateOctoberiswhenyou’llusuallyseethemostdazzlingred,orangeandyellowleaves,butthecolorscanlingerintoearlyNovember.Whenyou’renotwatchingleaves,plantovisitThomasJefferson’sMonticello,theformerhome,gardensandgroundsofthethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Intheevenings,enjoylivemusicattheMillroom.1.WhatcantouristsappreciateinbothAcadiaandtheBerkshires?A.Coastalscenery. B.Historicalbuildings.C.Excellentartexhibitions. D.Speciallocalfood.2.MckenzieRiverScenicBywayoffersagoodchanceto.A.plantsomefruittrees B.dowaterrelatedactivitiesC.enjoynightliveperformances D.takeadventuresintothewilderness3.WhichplacebestsuitstouristswantingtoseethefallcolorsattheendofOctober?A.Charlottesville,Virginia. B.AcadiaNationalPark,Maine.C.TheBerkshires,Massachusetts. D.MckenzieRiverScenicByway,Oregon.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个欣赏秋色的好去处。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据AcadiaNationalPark,Maine部分“Whileintown,treatyourselftoatraditionallobsterdinneratBeal’sLobsterPier.(在城里的时候，在比尔的龙虾码头享用传统的龙虾晚餐)”以及TheBerkshires,Massachusetts部分“TheBerkshiresfeaturesworldclassentertainment,culturalofferingsandadeeprootedfoodculturewithmanylocallyfocuseddiningoptions.(伯克希尔的特色是世界级的娱乐、文化产品和根深蒂固的饮食文化，以及许多以当地为中心的餐饮选择)”可知，在Acadia和Berkshires都可以享受当地的特色食物。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据MckenzieRiverScenicByway,Oregon部分“TheMckenzieRiverhassomeofthebestflyfishingsportsinOregon.Foragreatgetawaythatincludesdaysspentonflyfishing,whitewaterraftingandhikingtowaterfalls,makereservationsatEagleRockLodgeforaromanticbedandbreakfast.(麦肯齐河有俄勒冈州最好的飞钓运动。要想度过一个愉快的假期，包括飞钓、激流漂流和去瀑布徒步旅行，请在鹰岩旅馆预订一张浪漫的床和早餐)”可知，麦肯齐河风景道提供了开展与水有关的活动的机会。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Charlottesville,Virginia部分“MidtolateOctoberiswhenyou’llusuallyseethemostdazzlingred,orangeandyellowleaves,butthecolorscanlingerintoearlyNovember.(10月中旬至下旬，你通常会看到最耀眼的红色、橙色和黄色叶子，但这些颜色会持续到11月初)”可知，Charlottesville,Virginia最适合希望在10月底看到秋色的游客。故选A。BYouthArtForHealingisanonprofitorganizationfoundedbyJanPapirmeisterin2012.AstheExecutiveDirector,shemakesgreateffortstoworkwithschools,hospitalsandotherhealthcareorganizationstobringworksofartcreatedbytheyouthintohealthcareenvironments.Shewantstoprovideasenseoffort,inspirationandhealingforpatients,theirlovedonesandhealthcareprofessionalsduringverychallengingtimes.Asachild,Papirmeisterdonatedherartworkstoavolunteergroupcaringfordyingpeopleandacampforchildrenwithcancer.Shefeltpityforthemsoshehopedherworkscouldbringalittlehelp.Whenshegrewup,shebecameaschoolnurseandshowedstudentshowtocreatedrawingstodecoratethewallsofthehealthoffice.Then,asahospitalnurse,shemadethetimetositwithpatientsandcreateartwiththem.Inherjobasanurse,sherealizedworksofartcouldreallyhelppatientsfeelbetter.HerorganizationYouthArtForHealingisbasedinBethesda,MD.Itprovidesopportunitiesforstudentstolearnaboutthenatureofhealingart,thepowerofarttoheal,howtofollowguidelinesforhealingart,andthevalueofbuildingandstrengtheningmunityconnectionsandspirit.Asstudentssharetheirtalentwiththoseinneed,theyetotherealizationthattheycanmakeadifference.PapirmeisterwasawardedaSocietyfortheArtsinHealthcaregranttobringartworkstopatients,theirfamiliesandhospitalstaff.ShealsoreceivedtwoSCOREAwardsforhereffortstofortpatientsandtheirfamilies.Thiswomanisashiningexampleofanartistandhealerwhousesthehealingpowerofarttobringhugebenefitstochildren,patients,theirlovedones,healthcareproviders,andthemunityatlarge.4.WhydidJanPapirmeistermostprobablystarttheorganization?A.Toofferpeoplementalsupportthroughart. B.Toencouragekidstodevelopartistictaste.C.Tomakeafortuneoutofit. D.Tohelpimprovedoctors’medicalskills.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutJanPapirmeisterwhenshewaslittle?A.Sheoftenchangedherdreams. B.Shewasgenerousandcaredaboutothers.C.Herartworkswerehighlyappreciated. D.Thesufferingofpatientsinspiredher.6.Whatarestudentsawareofthroughworkingwiththeorganization?A.Freehealthcareisimportant. B.Theycanbeesuccessfulartists.C.Artworksareeasilyaccessible. D.Theycanbehelpfulinimprovingothers’life.7.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Papirmeister’sefforthasbeenwellrecognized.B.Papirmeisterpraisesstudentsfortheirprogress.C.Papirmeisteraskspeoplefromallwalksoflifetosupporther.D.Papirmeistermakesabreakthroughinthemedicalmunity.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了由JanPapirmeister创建的青年康复艺术组织，将年轻人创作的艺术作品带入医疗环境，为患者、他们的亲人和医疗保健专业人员提供一种舒适感、灵感和治愈感。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AstheExecutiveDirector,shemakesgreateffortstoworkwithschools,hospitalsandotherhealthcareorganizationstobringworksofartcreatedbytheyouthintohealthcareenvironments.Shewantstoprovideasenseoffort,inspirationandhealingforpatients,theirlovedonesandhealthcareprofessionalsduringverychallengingtimes.（作为执行董事，她努力与学校、医院和其他医疗机构合作，将年轻人创作的艺术作品带入医疗环境。她希望在非常困难的时期为患者、他们的亲人和医疗保健专业人员提供一种舒适感、灵感和治愈感。）”可知，JanPapirmeister成立这个组织是希望通过艺术为人们提供精神支持。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Asachild,Papirmeisterdonatedherartworkstoavolunteergroupcaringfordyingpeopleandacampforchildrenwithcancer.Shefeltpityforthemsoshehopedherworkscouldbringalittlehelp.（小时候，Papirmeister将她的作品捐赠给了一个照顾垂死者的志愿者团体和一个癌症儿童营地。她很同情他们，希望自己的作品能给他们带来一点帮助。）”可知，小时候的Papirmeister慷慨大方，关爱他人。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Asstudentssharetheirtalentwiththoseinneed,theyetotherealizationthattheycanmakeadifference.（当学生与需要帮助的人分享他们的才能时，他们意识到他们可以有所作为。）”可知，通过与组织合作，学生们意识到他们能够帮忙改善他人的生活。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“PapirmeisterwasawardedaSocietyfortheArtsinHealthcaregranttobringartworkstopatients,theirfamiliesandhospitalstaff.ShealsoreceivedtwoSCOREAwardsforhereffortstofortpatientsandtheirfamilies.（Papirmeister获得了医疗保健艺术协会的拨款，为患者及其家人和医院工作人员带来艺术品。她还因努力安慰患者及其家人而获得了20个奖项。）”可知，本段主要介绍了她的努力得到了广泛认可。故选A。CThefossil(化石)discoveryinVictorianowshowsthatmonksealswerewidespreadinAustralasiainthepast.“Monksealsareoneoftherarestandmostendangeredmarinemammals(海洋哺乳动物)alivetoday,butthiswasn’talwaysthecase,”accordingtoleadstudyauthorDr.JamesRulefromMonashUniversity.“OurpapershowsthattheveryendangeredmonksealsoncecalledAustraliahomeaboutfivemillionyearsago(specificallyinVictoria),”hesaid.ThediscoverywasmadebystudyingtwofossilsagainfromMelbourneMuseum’scollections,theidentityofwhichhadbeenamysteryfor40years.“Whenwestudiedthem,theyturnedouttobetheoldestevidenceofmonkseals,”Dr.Rulesaid.“Thesefossils,alongwiththeextinctNewZealandspeciesthatwasdiscoveredlastyear,doubletheknowndiversityofthemonkseals,”hesaid.AccordingtoDr.Rule,monksealsdisappearedinAustralasiathreemillionyearsago,andtheyonlylivedinthetropics(热带地区)andtheMediterraneanaftertemperaturesfellduringtheIceAges.Thisleftmonksealsontheedgeofdisappearanceafterbeingoverhuntedbyhumans,withabout2,000membersleft.ThediscoveryofNewZealandspeciesandAustralianmonksealsledtheresearcherstorestudytheoriginofthegroup.“OurresearchshowsthatmonksealsbeganinAustralia,”Dr.Rulesaid.“Thisisdifferentfromeverytheorypreviouslyputforwardbyscientists.”PreviousresearchhastheorizedclimatechangeledtothedisappearanceofmanyancientsealsintheSouthernHemisphere.ThiswouldhaveincludedNewZealand’sandAustralianmonkseals.“Thissuggeststheworld’slasttwospeciesofmonksealarealsoatriskfromclimatechange,”Dr.Rulesaid.Ifsealevelcontinuestorise,thebeachesmonksealsrelyonforrestingandraisingyoungonesmaydisappear.8.Whatdoesthenewdiscoveryshowaboutmonkseals?A.Theirlivinghabits. B.Theirgrowthprocess.C.Theirearlyappearance. D.Theirwaysofgettingfood.9.WhatdoweknowaboutthetwofossilsfromMelbourneMuseum?A.Researcherfoundithardtokeepthemingoodcondition.B.Researchersmangedtoidentifythemaftermanyyears.C.Theywereoncethoughttobefossilsofbirds.D.Theywerefirstdiscoveredlastyear.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph4probablyreferto?A.Fightingwaterpollution. B.Sufferingfromalackoffood.C.Havinglimitedlivingplaces. D.Facingincreasingnaturalenemies.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Climatechangealwaysthreatensmonkseals’survival.B.Scientistscannowmeasuretherateofglobalwarming.C.HumanactivityinAustraliashouldbestrictlylimited.D.Peopleneedtohelpraiseyoungmonkseals.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。僧海豹是现存的最稀少、最濒危的海洋哺乳生物之一。研究人员通过对两块古老化石的研究，发现僧海豹以前广泛存在于大西洋地区，但由于气候变化的影响，这些地区的僧海豹都消失灭绝，最后说明气候变化一直威胁着僧海豹的生存。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thefossil(化石)discoveryinVictorianowshowsthatmonksealswerewidespreadinAustralasiainthepast.(现在在维多利亚发现的化石表明，僧海豹过去在大洋洲广泛存在。)”可知，新研究发现表明僧海豹以前在大洋洲广泛存在，说明了僧海豹早期就露过面了。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“ThediscoverywasmadebystudyingtwofossilsagainfromMelbourneMuseum’scollections,theidentityofwhichhadbeenamysteryfor40years.(这一发现是在再次研究墨尔本博物馆收藏的两块化石后发现的，这两块化石的身份40年来一直是一个谜)”可知，这两块化石的身份40年来一直是个谜，说明它们的身份一直没解开，由此可知出研究人员们一直设法想解开这两块化石的身份，与B项互为同义表达。故选B项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段内容“AccordingtoDr.Rule,monksealsdisappearedinAustralasiathreemillionyearsago,andtheyonlylivedinthetropics(热带地区)andtheMediterraneanaftertemperaturesfellduringtheIceAges.Thisleftmonksealsontheedgeofdisappearanceafterbeingoverhuntedbyhumans,withabout2,000membersleft.(据鲁尔博士说，僧海豹在300万年前就在大洋洲消失了，它们只在冰河时期气温下降后才生活在热带和地中海地区。这使得僧海豹在被人类过度捕杀后处于消失的边缘，目前约有2000名僧海豹成员。)”可知，指示代词this指代前面的“theyonlylivedinthetropics（热带地区）andtheMediterraneanaftertemperaturesfellduringtheIceAges.(只在冰河时期生活气温下降后才生活在热带和地中海地区)”即非常有限的生活空间。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“PreviousresearchhastheorizedclimatechangeledtothedisappearanceofmanyancientsealsintheSouthernHemisphere.ThiswouldhaveincludedNewZealand’sandAustralianmonkseals.“Thissuggeststheworld’slasttwospeciesofmonksealarealsoatriskfromclimatechange,”Dr.Rulesaid.Ifsealevelcontinuestorise,thebeachesmonksealsrelyonforrestingandraisingyoungonesmaydisappear.(此前的研究从理论上认为，气候变化导致了南半球许多古海豹的消失。其中包括新西兰和澳大利亚的僧海豹。“这表明，世界上最后两种僧海豹也面临着气候变化的风险，”鲁尔博士说。如果海平面继续上升，僧海豹赖以休息和养育幼崽的海滩可能会消失。)”可知，气候变化导致了许多古海豹的消失，其中就包括了新西兰和澳大利亚僧海豹，如果海平面继续上升的话，僧海豹赖以生存的海滩也会消失，进而威胁到僧海豹。这一整段内容都在讲气候变化给海豹带来的影响，由此可推知气候变化一直威胁着僧海豹的存在。故选A项。DBlacktaxishavebeenamonsightinLondonfordecades.NowthesetaxisandtheirdrivershavebeethefocusofanewexplorationintoAlzheimer’s(阿兹海默症).Forthoseontheoutside,itmayseemthatbehindthewheeloftheseblacktaxisarejustregularpeoplewhohelpmoveustoourdestinations.ButwithintheirbrainsisamapofLondon’sstreetsthathasputGPStechnologytoshamefordecades.“TheKnowledge”,thetestforLondon’staxidrivers,standsamongthehardestmentalexaminationsonecouldeverundergo.Itinvolvesrecallinginformationrepeatedlyfromthememoryofminutedetailsabout56,0000streetsinLondon,fromTrafalgarSquaretothetiniestresidentiallanes.Normally,thehippocampus(海马体)feelstheeffectsofAlzheimer’smost.UniversityCollegeLondonandAlzheimer’sResearchUKarestudyingthesetaxidrivers’brains,asithasbeenfoundthatthehippocampuscontrollingthebrain’sshorttermmemoryandspatial(空间的)memorysystemsisenlargedintheirbrains.Moreover,thetaxidrivers’hippocampicontinuetoenlargeastheygoondoingthejobformoreyears,suggestingthatperhapsthere’ssomethingwecandotoreproducetheeffectinthegeneralpopulation.LeadresearcherHugoSpierswaspartoftheteamwhich20yearsagofoundthat,likebirdsandsquirrels,thetaxidrivers’hippocampigraduallygotbigger.Indeed,researchhasfoundforyearsthatanyanimalthatrequiresadetailedspatialknowledgeoftheirterritoryexperiencesgrowthinthehippocampus.Spiers’teamhopestodealwithAlzheimer’sbystudyingthetaxidrivers’brains.Tocollectmoreinformationonthemechanisms(机制)thatcausethe“braingain”,SpiershasaskedthirtyofLondon’staxidriversconnectedtoanMRImachinetodrivearoundontheirroutes.Themachinewillallowtheresearcherstogatherrealtimeobservationsoftheworkingsofthehippocampus.“It’sbeenajoytohelpscientistsfightwiththedisease,”saidtaxidriverRobertLordan.12.Whatcanwesayabout“TheKnowledge”?A.Itlastsforafewminutesonly. B.ItisusuallyheldinLondon’sbusystreets.C.Itisagreatchallengetopeople’smemory. D.ItinvitessomeresidentsinLondontobejudges.13.Whathasbeenfoundaboutthetaxidrivers’hippocampi?ATheyaremorelikelytobeharmed. B.Theygrowinthetaxidrivers’careers.C.Theybenefitfromdailymunicationmost. D.Theyarepooratcontrollingshorttermmemory.14.Whydoestheauthormentiontheresearchonanimals?A.Toimplythenewstudybenefitstheanimalkingdomaswell.B.Topointoutthatmorestudiesonanimals’brainsareneeded.C.Toshowanimals’hippocampiareverydifferentfromhumans’.D.Toprovetheuseofcertainknowledgeinfluencesbraindevelopment.15.WhydotheresearchersobservethetaxidriverswithanMRImachine?A.Tofigureoutwhohasthelargesthippocampus.B.ToknowhowAlzheimer’sdevelopsintheirbrains.C.Tofindouthowtheirhippocampiperformatwork.D.Totestwhetherthespecialmachineiseffective.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在伦敦出租车和司机已经成为研究阿兹海默症的新焦点，在他们的大脑中隐藏着一张伦敦街道地图，几十年来，它让GPS技术相形见绌。这主要是他们大脑中的海马体会随着工作年限的延长而继续扩大。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Itinvolvesrecallinginformationrepeatedlyfromthememoryofminutedetailsabout56,0000streetsinLondon,fromTrafalgarSquaretothetiniestresidentiallanes.(它涉及从伦敦56万条街道的细节记忆中反复回忆信息，从特拉法加广场到最小的住宅小巷)”可知，TheKnowledge对人的记忆力是一个很大的挑战。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Moreover,thetaxidrivers’hippocampicontinuetoenlargeastheygoondoingthejobformoreyears,suggestingthatperhapsthere’ssomethingwecandotoreproducetheeffectinthegeneralpopulation.(此外，出租车司机的海马体随着他们从事这项工作多年而不断扩大，这表明也许我们可以做些什么来在普通人群中重现这种影响)”可知，海马体在出租车司机的职业生涯中成长。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Indeed,researchhasfoundforyearsthatanyanimalthatrequiresadetailedspatialknowledgeoftheirterritoryexperiencesgrowthinthehippocampus.(事实上，多年来的研究发现，任何需要详细领地空间知识的动物都会经历海马体的生长)”可知，作者提到动物（鸟类和松鼠）的研究是为了证明某些知识的长期使用会影响大脑的发育。故选D项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Tocollectmoreinformationonthemechanismsthatcausethe“braingain”.SpiershasaskedthirtyofLondon’staxidriversconnectedtoanMRImachinetodrivearoundontheirroutes.(为了收集更多关于“大脑增益”机制的信息，斯皮尔斯已经要求30名连接到核磁共振成像仪的伦敦出租车司机在他们的路线上四处开车)”可知，斯皮尔斯使用核磁共振成像仪的目的是收集更多关于导致“大脑增益”的机制的信息，即弄清楚他们的海马体在工作中的表现。故选C项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Themostrelaxingcolorsaregenerallybelievedtobecoolshadessuchasgreenandblue.____16____Sowecanoftenseethesecolorsinhospitals,testcenters,andtelevisionstations,wherepeoplemaywantsomehelptoeasetheirnervesandbademotions.Homedesignersnotethatpeopleoftendescriberoomspaintedblueandgreenasrelaxingandfortable.Asaresult,architectsoftenusecolorsfromthecoolpartofthecolorcircleinbedroomsandbathrooms.____17____Drivingdownahighway.you’llnoticethatsomesignsconsistofwhitelettersonadarkgreenbackground.____18____Anotherplacewhereweseegreenusedisinthe“greenroom”oftheatersortelevisionstudiosbecausenervousperformersarequietedbythecolor.Thisisalsothereasonwhydoctorsweargreenclothesintheoperatingroom.Andprisoncellsoftenpainttheirwallsgreenforthesameeffect.____19____Oureyessensecolorusingtinysensorssensitivetotheredlight,thegreenlightorthebluelight.However,generallytheyarethemostsensitivetothegreenlight.Researchersthinkthatthissensitivitytogreenobjectsmightaffecthormonalproductionthatinturninfluencesthemood.What’smore,recentstudieshaveshownthatwhenapersonlooksatthegreencoloredpaperorisplacedinagreenroom,theirheartratedrops,bloodpressurelowers,andmusclesrelax.____20____Sonexttimeyou’refeelingnervousorupset,pleasetrytofocusyoureyesonsomethinggreeninsteadofred.A.Therewasresearchintocolorsinancienttimes.B.Incontrast,hotcolorscausethesetorise.C.Differentcolorscancausedifferentpsychologicalreactions.D.Engineersdeterminesuchsignswon’tgetpeople’seyestired.E.Andpaintersoftenusebluesandgreensonwallsandceilings.F.Scientistshavefoundsomeevidenceforthemagicpowerofgreen.G.Itisagreedthatthetwocanmakeusfeelcalm,balancedandlessemotional.【答案】16.G17.E18.D19.F20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了最令人放松的颜色就是蓝色和绿色，因为这些颜色能让人放松、减压，因此很多人会把卧室和浴室漆成蓝色或绿色，甚至很多高速公路路标也会采用暗绿色的背景。【16题详解】上文“Themostrelaxingcolorsaregenerallybelievedtobecoolshadessuchasgreenandblue.”提到了最令人放松的两种颜色：蓝色和绿色；而下文“Sowecanoftenseethesecolorsinhospitals,testcenters,andtelevisionstations,wherepeoplemaywantsomehelptoeasetheirnervesandbademotions.”则提到了经常在医院、测试中心和电视台看到这两种颜色，人们可能需要一些帮助来缓解紧张和不良情绪。由此可推知，设空处表明了这两种颜色具有某种功用，所以医院等地方才会经常用到。G项“Itisagreedthatthetwocanmakeusfeelcalm,balancedandlessemotional.(人们一致认为，这两者可以让我们感到平静、平衡、不那么情绪化。)”中的“thetwo”与上文蓝色和绿色两种颜色对应，“makeusfeelcalm,balancedandlessemotional”则对应下文的“helptoeasetheirnervesandbademotions”。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“Homedesignersnotethatpeopleoftendescriberoomspaintedblueandgreenasrelaxingandfortable.Asaresult,architectsoftenusecolorsfromthecoolpartofthecolorcircleinbedroomsandbathrooms.Asaresult,architectsoftenusecolorsfromthecoolpartofthecolorcircleinbedroomsandbathrooms.”提到了家居设计师注意到人们认为漆成蓝色和绿色的卧室很放松和舒适，因此，建筑师经常在卧室和浴室中使用比较冷淡的颜色。由此可知，这一段都是与家居设计相关的内容，故下文也应保持一致。E项“Andpaintersoftenusebluesandgreensonwallsandceilings.(油漆工也经常在墙壁和天花板上使用蓝色和绿色。)”中的“wallsandceilings”恰好与上文中的“bedroomsandbathrooms”对应。故选E项。【18题详解】上文“Drivingdownahighway.you’llnoticethatsomesignsconsistofwhitelettersonadarkgreenbackground.”提到了高速路上的一些标志的背景底色也是暗绿色的；下文“Anotherplacewhereweseegreenusedisinthe“greenroom”oftheatersortelevisionstudiosbecausenervousperformersarequietedbythecolor.”提到了另一个经常看到绿色的地方就是剧院或电视演播室的“绿房间”，因为紧张的演员看到绿色能安静下来。由此可推知，设空处应该与使用绿色的原因相关。D项“Engineersdeterminesuchsignswon’tgetpeople’seyestired.(工程师们认为这样的标志不会让人们的眼睛感到疲劳。)”中的“suchsignswon’tgetpeople’seyestired”恰好与上文的“somesignsconsistofwhitelettersonadarkgreenbackground”相对应。故选D项。【19题详解】设空处段首，故需要一个总括句。下文“Oureyessensecolorusingtinysensorssensitivetotheredlight,thegreenlightorthebluelight.However,generallytheyarethemostsensitivetothegreenlight.Researchersthinkthatthissensitivitytogreenobjectsmightaffecthormonalproductionthatinturninfluencesthemood.”提到了，我们的眼睛通过对红光、绿光或蓝光敏感的微型传感器来感知颜色，但一般对绿光最敏感。研究人员认为，这种对绿色物体的敏感性可能会影响荷尔蒙的产生，进而影响情绪。F项“Scientistshavefoundsomeevidenceforthemagicpowerofgreen.(科学家们已经发现了绿色魔力的一些证据。)”中的“Scientists”与下文的“Researchers”对应，且也是在重点强调绿色的作用，与下文对应。故选F项。【20题详解】上文“What’smore,recentstudieshaveshownthatwhenapersonlooksatthegreencoloredpaperorisplacedinagreenroom,theirheartratedrops,bloodpressurelowers,andmusclesrelax.”提到了当一个人看着绿色的彩纸或被放在绿色的房间里时，他们的心率会下降，血压会降低，肌肉会放松。而下文“Sonexttimeyou’refeelingnervousorupset,pleasetrytofocusyoureyesonsomethinggreeninsteadofred.”提到了感到紧张或不安时，试着把眼睛集中在绿色而不是红色的东西上。由此可推知，设空处提到了红色这一概念。B项“Incontrast,hotcolorscausethesetorise.(相比之下，火热的颜色使这些上升。)”提到了“火热的颜色”，恰好对应下文的“red”，而these则指代前面的heartrate、bloodpressure、muscles。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwalkedthroughthePrudentialCenterwearingmyoldblacksweatpantsandasimpleTshirt.Thenthebrightlightsfromthewindownearby____21____myeyeandIcameneartoit.Thewindowwas____22____withthenewcollectionsandsomeclassics.ThatwaswhenIsawthosebeautifulbut____23____GucciTshirts.Thegreenandredstrips（条纹）,akey____24____ofanyGucciproductbuteverybodyknows,shoutedsoloudthatIcouldheartheircries____25____theglass.What’smore,allofthepicturesofthoseGucciTshirtsIhadseen____26____methatIneededthem.ButthenIcollectedmythoughtsandaskedmyself,“DoItruly____27____thedesignofthem,ordoIwantthemjustfor____28____:toletmyfriendsandevenstrangersnoticethatIhaveGucciTshirts?Afterthinking____29____,Ifiguredoutthatthoseitemsaren’treally_____30_____tomeandthattheywouldnothelpmeimprovemyself.Inmyopinionitis_____31_____torelyonluxuriestomakeusfeelspecial._____32_____,notonlydothesebrandsleadustospendalotofmoney,buttheyalsofoolusintothinkingtheseitemsaregoingtomakeusget_____33_____byaparticulargroup.Asenseoftrue_____34_____shouldefromwhatyouhaveaddedtotheworldandhowyouhave_____35_____otherpeople’slivesinagoodway.21.A.hurt B.caught C.opened D.confused22.A.covered B.connected C.filled D.faced23.A.expensive B.fashionable C.simple D.graceful24.A.message B.proof C.function D.element25.A.through B.on C.above D.beneath26.A.forted B.educated C.reminded D.promised27.A.remember B.perceive C.oppose D.appreciate28.A.curiosity B.pleasure C.use D.show29.A.suddenly B.gradually C.carefully D.hurriedly30.A.important B.funny C.enough D.limited31.A.unfair B.dishonest C.unhealthy D.inconvenient32.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However33.A.denied B.recognized C.avoided D.annoyed34.A.security B.duty C.achievement D.value35.A.saved B.influenced C.arranged D.controlled【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.C27.D28.D29.C30.A31.C32.A33.B34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者站在Gucci的店外，被橱窗里的GucciT恤深深地吸引着，十分想拥有，但经过冷静思考后，认为不该依赖奢侈品，它并不会帮助提升自己。作者认为真正的价值感来自于你为这个世界做的贡献，以及如何以一种好的方式影响他人的生活。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，附近窗户里明亮的灯光引起了我的注意，我走近了它。A.hurt伤害；B.caught抓住、捕捉；C.opened打开；D.confused迷惑。根据下文“Icameneartoit”可知，能使作者走近它，说明作者已经被它吸引。catchone’seye常作固定表达，意为“吸引某人的目光”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：橱窗里摆满了新的收藏品和一些经典作品。A.covered覆盖；B.connected连接；C.filled使充满