2025年高考英语总复习专项练习39 语法填空＋阅读理解

练习39语法填空+阅读理解

I.语法填空

2024•浙江四校联考新闻报道220词★★★☆☆

TheSpace-TimePainter,writtenbyChinesewriterHaiYa,wontheHugoAwardforBestNoveletteatthe81st

WorldScienceFictionConvention1.(hold)inthesouthwesternChinesecityofChengdu.

HaibecamethethirdChinese2.(win)oftheHugoAward,followingsci-fiwritersLiuCixinand

HaoJingfang.TheSpace-TimePainterwaspublishedin2022.It3.(inspire)bythelifeexperienceof

the4.(talent)ChinesepainterWangXimengduringtheNorthernSongperiod(960〜1127),who

createdthe12-meter-longlandscapepaintingOneThousandLiofRiversandMountains.

Inthisstory,Haididhisbest5.(balance)therelationshipbetweenthestory,charactersand

history,hopingtobringreadersamaturework.Hesaidthat6.notabigcategory,historicalsci-fihas

alwaysbeenthere.

Hai,also7.financialworker,thinksofhimselfmore8.asci-fienthusiastthana

writer."Ihaveverylittletimetowriteeveryday,“hesaid."ButIthinkaslongasIloveitandamwillingtoput

effortsinit,Iwillseehopesandthedawn.”

TheHugoAwardsarethemostprestigious(有声望的)awardsofsciencefiction.Theywerefirstpresentedin

1953andhavebeenpresented9.(annual)since1955.TheHugoAwardsarevotedonbymembersof

theWorldScienceFictionConvention,10.isalsoresponsibleforadministeringthem.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。由中国作家海渥创作的《时空画师》获得了雨果奖最佳短中篇

小说奖。它的灵感来自中国天才画家王希孟在北宋时期的生活经历。在这个故事中，海渡尽最大努力平衡

故事、人物和历史之间的关系，希望能给读者带来一部成熟的作品。

1.答案与解析：held分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语。hold与空前名词短语。he81stWorldScience

FictionConvention”是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填held。句意：这部由中国作家海浪

创作的《时空画师"在由中国西南部城市成都举行的第81届世界科幻大会(世界大会)上获得了雨果奖最佳

短中篇小说奖。

2.答案与解析：winner根据空前的"thethirdChinese”和语境可知，空处应填名词winner。句意：继

科幻作家刘慈欣和郝景芳之后，海海成为第三位获得雨果奖的中国人。

3.答案与解析：wasinspired分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据前文讲的这本书出版于2022年

可知，此处时态用一般过去时。It与inspire之间是被动关系，主语是第三人称单数。故填wasinspired。句

意：它的灵感来自中国天才画家王希孟在北宋时期(960〜1127)的生活经历，他创作了12米长的山水画《千

里江山图加

4.答案与解析：talented空前是定冠词the,空后核心词是名词，空处应用形容词。故填talented“有

天赋的，天才的“。

5.答案与解析：tobalance此处考查固定短语tryone，sbesttodosth.“尽某人最大努力去做某事”。

故填tobalanceo

6.答案与解析：although/though/while分析句子结构可知，that后是宾语从句。再结合语境”虽然不

是一个大的类别，但历史科幻小说一直在那里“可知，前后语义间存在明显的让步关系，故填

although/though/while。此处让步状语从句中省略了主语和be动词，补充完整为"although/though/while

historicalsci-fiisnotabigcategory”。

7.答案与解析：a海濯也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更是一名科幻爱好者而不是作家。根据句

意,此处表示“一名金融工作者”，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且financial的发音以辅音音素开头，故

填ao

8.答案与解析：as参见上题解析。thinkofoneselfas...为固定搭配，表示“认为自己是....”。故填

aso

9.答案与解析：annually分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，应用副词修饰。故填annually。

10.答案与解析：which分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词是

表示物的theWorldScienceFictionConventiono故填whicho

II.阅读理解

A

2023•全国乙卷议论文325词★★★★☆

Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,you

cannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,for

mostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity*slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmany

literate（有文字的）societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.

Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,

butinmanycaseswesimplycan't.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhaps

thefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook'svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglish

side,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain'srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonly

awoodenshield（盾）droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstruct

whatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthe

writtenreports.

Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyor

deliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoften

haveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleof

BeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmost

powerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsider

contact（联系）betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarily

twisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjust

thetexts,buttheobjects.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调

了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。

1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.

B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.

C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords.

D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.

答案与解析：A主旨大意题。根据文章第一段"Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistory

thatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworld

haseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'slater

achievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate（有文字的）societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyin

writingbutinthings.（如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通

过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文学记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，

都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用物件来记

录他们所关心的事情。）”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。

2.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinParagraph2?

A.Hisreportwasscientific.

B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.

C.HeruledoverBotanyBay.

D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.

答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句uIdeallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsand

objects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan't.（理想情况下,历

史应该将文本和物品结合在一起，本书的某些章节能够做到这一点，但在许多情况下，我们根本做不到。）”

可推断，作者认为历史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子

的下文“FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain'srecordofthatterribleday.Fromthe

Australianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield（盾）droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.

（从英国方面来看，我们有科学报告和船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木

制盾牌，这是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在飞行中扔下的。）”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的

记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。故选D。

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"conversation“inParagraph3referto?

A.Problem.B.History.

C.Voice.D.Society.

答案与解析：B词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,the

AfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpast

achievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.

Whenweconsidercontact（联系）betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-hand

accountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.（力口勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非

洲人以及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本书中，他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过

去最强大的成就：通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个话语权。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文化社会和无文化

社会之间的接触时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只有对话的一半。）”结合画线句“Ifweareto

findtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.（如果我们要找到对话的

另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。）”可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人所想要让

我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读物品。所以conversation指

的是“历史”。故选B。

4.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?

A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorld

B.AShortHistoryofAustralia

C.AHistoryoftheWorldin100Objects

D.HowArtWorksTellStories

答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistory

thatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworld

haseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.（如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不

以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字

记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。）”结合最后一段的"Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfof

thatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.（如果我们要找至！］对话的另一半，我们不仅要

读文本，还要读物体。）”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历

史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史知故选C。

B

2024•湖北七校联考议论文325词★★★☆☆

Standinginmyoffice25yearsagowasanunknown,newlyrisingastronomerwithahalf-smileonherface.

Shehadcomewithademandthatmyteamchangeourtestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantand

in-demandscientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedfor,andriskbreakingitdown.Allto

carryoutanexperimentthatwasbasicallyawasteoftimeandcouldn'tbedone-toprovethatamassiveblackhole

hidatthecenterofourMilkyWay.

Myinitial“noway“graduallygavewayinthefaceofhercheerfulbutfirmdetermination.Itwasmyfirst

encounterwithaforceofnature,AndreaGhez,oneofthreewinnersoftheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin2020.That

determinationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterizedAndrea.For25yearsshehas

focusedalmostonlyonSagittariusA-thenameofourownlocalsupermassiveblackhole.AndAndreaisoneof

thegreatpioneersinthissearchwithoutquestion.

AndreadidherworkattheW.M.KeckObservatory*stwintelescopesonMaunakea,Hawaii.Shestarted

usingtheveryfirstinstrumentlicensedonKeckObservatory*sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC).NIRCwasnever

designedtodowhatAndreaneededbutshewasnottobedenied.Anditworked!Itwasextremelyhardand

time-consumingtomakesenseofthedata,butAndreapersisted.

AsAndreawouldbetheveryfirsttoacknowledge,thisvictoryrepresentsthecombinedeffortsofsomany.

Butactuallyonepersonhadtheideafortheresearch.Onepersonhadthechutzpah(无所顾忌)toproposeitand

onepersonhadthedeterminationandfocustomakeithappen,notdiscouragedbyallwhosaiditwasawasteof

time.ThatpersonisAndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeforPhysics.

5.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofAndreaGhez*srequestatfirst?

A.It*sdemanding.B.Itsinteresting.

C.It*sacceptable.D.Itsmeaningless.

答案与解析：D根据第一段最后两句可推知，作者一开始认为AndreaGhez的要求是毫无意义的，是

浪费时间的。

6.WhatdowelearnaboutAndreaGhez'sresearchfromParagraph2?

A.Ittakesdecadesofefforts.

B.Itdealswithpowerofnature.

C.It*sapurelyindividualproject.

D.It*saboutmeasurementofahole.

答案与解析：A根据第二段中“For25yearsshehasfocusedalmostonlyonSagittariusA一thenameofour

ownlocalsupermassiveblackhole.“可知，AndreaGhez的研究花费了几十年的努力。

7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAndreaGhez'sworkinHawaii?

A.Dange